Full text of "Saints and their emblems"

See other formats




QforttcU Hntttcrattji Ilihratg 



BOUGHT WITH THE [NCOME OF THE 

SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 



THE GIFT OF 



HENRY W. SAGE 

1891 



The date shows when this vi^mne was taken. 

To natw this book copy th;^«&U No. and give to 

HOME USE RULES 




All Books subject to Recall 
All borrowers must regis- 
, ter in the library fa bonow 
books for "Ijsgae use. 

All books most be re- 

tomed at eod of college 

' year for inspection and 

repairs. 

Limited books must be le- 

. tamed within the four week 

limit and not renewed. 

Students must return all 
books before leaving town. 
OfScers should arrange for 
the return of books wanted 
during their absence, fffip 
town. ' • ^ v 

Volumes of periodicals ' 
and of pamphlets are held 
in the hbrary as much as 
possible. For ^n>ecial pur- 
poses they are given out for 
, a limited time. 

Borrowers should not use 
their library privileges for 
the benefit of other persdns. 

Books of special value 
and gift books, when the 
giver wishes it, are not 
allowed to circulate. 

Readers are asked to re- 
port all cases of books 
marked or mutilated. 



Do not deface books by marks and writing. 



Cornell university Library 
N8080 ,D76 





The original of this book is in 
the Cornell University Library. 

There are no known copyright restrictions in 
the United States on the use of the text. 



http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030663052 



SAINTS AND 
THEIR EMBLEMS 



A HISTORY 

OF ENGLISH 

GLASS-PAINTING 

By MAURICE and WILFRED DRAKE 

Fully Illustrated in colour and halMone 
Foolscap folio, £2, 38. net 

Aa indicated by its title, this book gives a 
history of the rise, fall and revival of glass- 
painting in England, from the thirteenth to 
the nineteenth century. Subsequent to the six- 
teenth century attention is also given to the 
secular glass-paintings of the Continent, Stoiss 
and Flemish. The aim throughcyat had been 
rather to study small fragments of each period 
minutely, eocamining in each case the more 
reliable evidences of authenticity, and also 
drawing the attention of the reader to those less 
known evidences which alone can betray the 
spurious copy from the original glass. With- 
out cumbering the pages with a multiplicity 
of examples, the authors have dealt with their 
subject closely, with the intimate knowledge 
only to be gained by life long study, and with 
the hereditary aptness that might be expected 
from members of the fourth generation of a 
glass-painting famAly in which the craft has 
been handed down from father to son for close 
upon a centwry. 



T. WERNER LAURIE LTD., S ESSEX STREET, 
STRAND, LONDON 




St. Hugh 
n( ( Irenoble 



St. Clara. 
Montef.'ilco. 



St. Bruno, 
Pnuntler of the Ciiithiisian Order. 



St. Hugh 
of Lincoln. 



St. Catherine 
of Siena. 



I'lemi.sli Sl;iined ( il.iss Window. 

W'T. Centui-v. 

In a private collection. 



SAINTS AND 
THEIR EMBLEMS 



By 

MAURICE & WILFRED DRAKE 

AUTHORS OF "A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTING" 



ILLUSTRATED BY XIL PLATES FROM 
PHOTOGF \PHS AND DRAWINGS BY WILFRED DRAKE 

Wrrii A FOREWORD BY AYMER VALLANCE 




:%'':'^t 



T. WERNER I 



> % « ! 



HIF 



L O N D O N 

TD., 8 ESSEX STREET 



SAINTS AND 
THEIR EMBLEMS 



By 

MAURICE & WILFRED DRAKE 

AUTHORS OF "A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTING" 



ILLUSTRATED BY XIL PLATES FROM 
PHOTOGRAPHS AND DRAWINGS BY WILFRED DRAKE 

WITH A FOREWORD BY AYMER VALLANCE 





3 




- ^^^i 


i 


^ErS-^* Ky .y" rSfl 


' ffl 


■t^ 






» 


^^ 


hw 




^^^& 


i^ 




a 
i 


b^ 


!-4p«'-» 


^^^^^1 



LONDON 

T. WERNER LAURIE LTD., 8 ESSEX STREET 



M-CMXVI 






G: % 

TO 
ARTHUR RIPPON 

A TESTIMONY OF GRATITUDE FOR 
THREE YEARS OF PATIENT HELP 



A 



CONTENTS 



List of Plates . 
Foreword 

Preface .... 
List of Abbreviations . 
I. First Part of the Dictionary 
IL Second Part of the Dictionary 

in. Appendices — 

1. Patriarchs and Prophets with their Emblems 

2. Sibyls with their Emblems 

3. Patron Saints of Arts, Trades and Professions 

4. Other Patron Saints .... 



page 
vii 

ix 

xi 

xiii 

1 

139 

231 
232 

233 
235 



LIST OF PLATES 



SS. Bruno and Companions 

PLATE 

I. SS. Gregory and Clement 



II. SS. Laurence and Dunstan , 

III. St. Faith 

IV. SS. Patrick, George and Andrew 
V, St. Heydrop 

VI. SS. Lucy and Justina 
VII. St. Martin 
VIII. St. Remigius . 

IX., X. and XI. MEDIiEVAL ECCLESIASTICAL VeSTMENTS 



«Q 



. Frontispiece 

facing page 28 

36 
46 

52 
60 
70 
84 
110 
230 



VM 



FOREWORD 



MY friends, Maurice and Wilfred Drake, have been flattering enough to ask me 
to write a foreword to their book, and it seems to me that the best manner of 
complying is to set forth, as I understand it, the scheme and object of their 
work. In this country the great pioneer of the subject of saints and their 
emblems was the Rev. Dr Husenbeth. The plan adopted by him is to give in each case 
the accredited emblem or emblems of the saints, citing at the same time the source of his 
authority. The compilers have developed Dr Husenbeth's method by inserting the names 
of places with which the different saints are associated, and by referring, moreover, to the 
printed sources where the life of each saint may be found most fully detailed. Cross 
references supply, alphabetically, first the name of the saint and his or her proper emblem, 
and secondly the emblems themselves, followed by the saint or saints to which they belong. 
While fully acknowledging their indebtedness to Dr Husenbeth, the compilers yet claim to 
have carried their researches a great deal farther, inasmuch as they have increased his list 
of fifteen hundred names to some four or five thousand. By suggesting emblems for saints 
who, like St. Britwald or St. Decuman, for example, have no specially personal nor dis- 
tinguishing emblem of their own, the extent of the book might have been increased 
indefinitely. But after deliberation the idea of doing so was abandoned — and wisely so, 
in my opinion. For the value and usefulness of an emblem consists in the fact that it is a 
prescriptive historical token, belonging to the recognised language of symbolism. It is 
not the habit of the modern mind to express itself in this way. To invent new emblems, 
then, where our fathers were content to do without them, would have been the merest 
fantasy and affectation. One may invent, but who shall give the novel notion currency ? 
Who make it intelligible? Without the stamp of general consensus it is vain. Every 
possible care has been taken to ensure accuracy, but it is obvious that in a work of this 
character and magnitude some errors must have managed to evade even the most vigilant 
revision. 

The public may rest assured that this volume is the result of long and conscientious 
study ; and, that being so, it may well be expected to vindicate its claim to usefulness as a 
guide not only to the craftsman — the glass-painter or the image-maker, for instance — who 
requires a convenient list of saints and emblems for ready reference, but even to the more 

learned expert and ecclesiologist. 

AYMER VALLANCE. 



IX 



PREFACE 



IN the exercise of the handicrafts appertaining to ecclesiastical art the artist and 
craftsman often encounter much difificulty in the proper representation of sacred 
figures, and more particularly those of the lesser-known saints in the Calendar. 

Moreover, the ecclesiologist and antiquary often find the correct identification of 
many mediaeval figures by their distinguishing emblems even a more difficult task 
than the suitable representation of saints whose names and histories are known. 

Valuable as are the Rev. Alban Butler's twelve volumes, and the Rev. S. Baring- 
Gould's fifteen dealing with the lives of the saints, they are arranged chronologically, 
and in the majority of instances give no hint of any emblems at all. Dr. Husenbeth's 
Emblems of the Saints, though admirably arranged, does not go far enough into the 
matter for practical use. He only gives about fifteen hundred instances out of many 
thousands, and it is very naturally the obscure and little-known saints — just those who 
give most trouble to the craftsman, the ecclesiologist and the antiquary — who are un- 
represented. 

Dr. Husenbeth's alphabetical listing of saints' names, followed by a cross-index, 
also alphabetical, of emblems, has been adopted in this volume, as incontestably the 
most convenient arrangement. To the saints' names and emblems are appended qualify- 
ing initials, feast day or days, and date of death, whenever this could be obtained. 
Further, where possible, the locality with which the saint is generally associated is 
named, and following each list of emblems are references to volumes wherein his or her 
life may be more exhaustively studied. 

To all accredited emblems which are already associated with the better-known saints 
have been added the names of places where such examples may be seen, and finally, as 
an aid to the craftsman only, the authors have ventured upon a new departure. In 
cases where there is no known precedent for the use of an emblem they have given 
briefly such particulars regarding the saint as may suggest a suitable emblem for identifi- 
cation. For this purpose the period or implements of martyrdom have been specified, 
and references made to any matters peculiar to his or her descent, teachings, or 
manner of life or death. 

The compilers desire to thank Mr. H. Tapley-Soper, Exeter City Librarian ; 
Mr. Lewis F. Tonar; and Dr. Philip Nelson, M.D,, F.S.A., for the help kindly 
afforded them whilst compiling this work. 



XI 



LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 



A. . . . 


Anchorite 


Ab. . 


Abbot 


Abb. 


Abbey 


Aber. 


Aberdeen 


Abp. 


Archbishop 


Adn. 


Archdeacon 


Ang. 


Anglican 


Ap. . . 


Apostle 


B. . 


Bishop 


Belg. 


Belgian 


Bened. . 


Benedictine 


Bl. . 


Blessed 


C. . 


Confessor 


c. 


About 


Card. 


Cardinal 


Carm. 


Carmelite 


Carth. 


Carthusian 


Cath. 


Cathedral 


Celt. 


Irish 


Cent. 


Century 


Ch. . 


Child or Church 


Coll. 


Collection or 




College 


Comps. . 


Companions 


Copt. 


Coptic 


Ct. . 


Count 


Cts. . 


Countess 


D. . 


Deacon 


d. . 


Died 


Dan. 


Danish 


Dio. . 


Diocese 


Dk. 


Duke 


Dp.. . 


Disciple 


Dr. . 


Doctor 


Due. 


Duchess 


Emp. 


Emperor 


Eng. 


English 


Evan. 


Evangelist 


F. . 


Friar 


Fdr. 


Founder 


Flem. 


Flemish 


Fr. . 


French 


Frans. 


Franciscan 


Gal. . 


Gallery 


Gall. 


Galilean 


Gar. 


German 


Gk. . 


Greek 


H. . . . 


Hermit 



Ibid. 


The same 


K. . 


King 


Le. . 


Lector 


M. . 


Martyr 


Mag. 


Magdalene 


Marg. 


Margrave 


Mart. 


Martyrology 


Matr. 


Matron 


Men. 


Menology 


Metr. 


Metropolitan 


Mk. 


Monk 


Mod. 


Modern 


Mons. 


Monastery 


Mus. 


Museum 


N.D, 


Date unknown 


Norg. 


Norwegian 


Norw. 


Norway 


O.M. 


Order Minerus 


O.M.C. . 


„ Carmelite 


O.P. 


Preachers 


O.S.D. . 


Order Dominican 


O.S.F. . 


„ Franciscan 


O.S.J. . 


„ Jesus 


Or. . 


Oratorians 


P. . 


Priest 


P.C: 


Priest Confessor 


Pal. 


Palace 


Patr. 


Patriarch 


Pen. 


Penitent 


Phil. 


Philosopher 


Phy. 


Physician 


Pr. . 


Prior 


Pt. . 


Prophet 


Q. . . 


Queen 


R. . 


Recluse 


Ro. 


Roman 


Russ. 


Russian 


Sac. 


Sacristan 


Scot. 


Scots 


Sdn. 


Subdeacon 


Spn. 


Spanish 


Sup. 


Superior 


Swed. 


Swedish 


Syr.. . 


Syrian 


V. . 


Virgin 


Ven. 


Venerable 


Vend. . 


Venerated 


W. . 


Widow 



XUl 



SAINTS & THEIR EMBLEMS 



FIRST PART OF THE DICTIONARY 



St. Aaron of St. Malo 

Ab. 6th cent. (June 21 and 22). 
Abbot of the monastery of 
Aleth, now St. Malo, he received 
St. Malo on his entry into France. 
Butter, Lobineau. 

St. Aaron 

M. Companion of St. Julius 
(July I), q.v. 

St. Abachum 

M. (Jan. 19). Son of SS. Maris 
and Martha and brother and 
companion of St. Audifax, q.v. 

St. AbbanofKill- 
Abban 

Ab. 5th cent. (Oct. 27). Abbot 
of the monastery of Kill-Abban. 
Son of Lagnon Dal Cormac of 
Leinster and Caoinech Abbadh, 
sister of St. Ibar, of whom St. 
Abban was a disciple. Cdt. 
Mart. 

St. Abban of Maghar- 
noidhe 

Ab. 6thcent. (Oct. 27). Founder 
and first abbot of Magharnoidhe 
in Wexford. Son of Cormac 
Dalcorb of Leinster and Mella, 
sister of St. Coemgen. Butler, 
Usher, Colgan, Celt. Mart. 

St. Abbo. /See St. Goeric 

(Sept. 19). 

St. Abbs. See St. Ebba 

(Aug. 25). 

St. Abdas of Cascar 

B.M. c. 320 (May 16). Mar- 
tyred at Ledan in Persia, with 
twenty-eight companions. 
Butter, Sozomen. 

St. Abdjesus of Cascar 

B.M. (May 16). Martyred 
under King Isdegardes of 
Chaldea, together with sixteen 
priests, nine deacons, six monks 
and seven virgins. Butter, Le 
Quien, 

SS. Abdon and Sennen 
of Rome 

M. c. 252 (July 30). In fur 
tunics, cloaks and hoods, Our 
Lord in clouds placing garlands 
on their heads. [Cemetery of 
Pontianus.) Rom. Mart. 



St. Abel of Hainault 

C. c. 760 (Aug. 5). Was Bishop 
of Lobbes. Baring-Gould. 

St. Abercius of Hier- 
apolis 

B.C. c. 300 (Oct. 22). Destroy- 
ing statue of ApoUo;; crosier 
brought him by an angel. ( Icon. 
Sanct.) 

St. Abibus 

M. Companion of St. Gurias 
(Nov. 15), q.v. 

St. Abra of Poitiers 

V. c. 400 Pec. 13). Daughter 
and dBciple of St. Hilary of 
Poitiers. Gall. Mart. 

St. Abraham, or 
Abramas, of Arbela 

348 (Feb. 14). Sword near him. 
{Ikon, der Heil.) 

St. Abraham of Syria 

B. 422 (Feb. 14). A monk of 
Cyrus, elected Bishop of Charan. 
Gk. Men. 

St. Abraham 

M. Companion of St. Sapor 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

SS. Abraham and Mary 
of Edessa 

HH. c. 360 (Mar. 15). Clothed 
in skins. [Attrib. der Heil.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Abramius. See 
St. Abraham 

(Feb. 14). 

St. Abrosimus 

P.M. Companion of St. Milles 
(Nov. 10), q.v. 

St. Abundantius 

D.M. Companion of St. Abundius 
(Sept. 16) , q.v. Rehcs at Arignac 
in Italy. Rom. Mart. 

St. Abundius of Como 

B.C. c. 468 (Apr. 2). Raising a 
rich pagan's son to life. {Cahier.) 
Maurolycus, Molanus, Canisius, 
Milan Brev., Rom. Mart. 

St. Abundius of Rome 

6th cent, (Apr. 14). Was Sac- 
ristan of St, Peter's. 



St. Abundius and Com- 
panions of Rome 

MM. c. 304 (Sept. 16) .j Tortured 
and executed in the Diocletian 
persecution. Relics in the Ara 
CoeU church and at SS. Cosmas 
and Damian in Rome. Rom. 
Mart. 

SS. Abundius and 
Irenaeus of Rome 

MM. 258 (Aug. 26). Beheaded 
and pierced with spears. (C allot.) 
Ado, Usuardus, Bede, Wandel- 
bert, Rom. Mart. 

St. Acacius of Amida 

B.C. 421 (Apr. 9). Canying 
sacred vessels. (Ikon.) Open 
chest with bags of money. 
(Gueffier.) 

St. Acacius of Antioch 

B.C. 250 (May 8). Warrior 
with large cross. (Bonn Minster.) 
Golden armour, standard and 
spear. (Window, Cossey Hall 
Chapel.) Thorns in his hand. 
(Lib. Chronic.) Dead bough 
in his hand. ( Attrib. der Heil.) 
Ruinart, Tillemont. 

St. Acca of Hexham 

B. 740 (Oct. 20). Successor to 
St. Wilfred. In episcopal vest- 
ments; (Roodscreen, Hexham.) 
Denvpster, Whitford, Menardus. 

St. Accursius 

C. 1220 (Jan. 16). Sword in 
his breast. ( Ikon.) 

St. Acepsimas, B., and 
Companions, of Honita 

MM. 380 (Mar. 14). St. 
Acepsimas was racked and 
scourged to death. Butter, Sozo- 
men, Assemani. 

St. Acepsimus 

B. Companion of St, Azades 
(Apr. 22), q.v. 

St. Achard, or Aicard, 
of Jumieges 

Ab. c. 695 (Sept. 15). Angel 
touching monks with rod. 
(Cahier.) Saussaye, Molanus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Acharius of Noyon 

639 (Nov. 27). Was Bishop of 
Noyon. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Achas of Thourhout 

1220 (June ii). Martyred in 
childhood. 

St. Acheolus or Acheul 

M. Companion of S. Achius 
(May i), q.v. 

St. Achillas of Alex- 
andria 

B. 313 (Nov. 7). Master of 
the catechetical school and 
elected Bishop of Alexandria. 

Usuardus, Ado, Bede, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Achilles 

Dr. M. Companion of St. Felix 
(Apr. 23), q.v. 

St. Achilleus 

M. 1st cent. (May 12). Com- 
panion of St. Nereus, q.v. Church 
in his hand. (Cahier.) 

St. Acindynus 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

SS. Achius, or Ach, and 
Acheolus of Amiens 

MM. c. 290 (May i). St. Achius 
a saw, S. Acheolus an instru- 
ment resembling a wimble. 
(XVI. cent, window, Ecouen.) 
Butler. 

St. Acyllinus 

Companion of St. Speratus, one 
of the ScUIitan Martyrs (July 17), 

St. Adalbald of 
St. Amand 

C. 652 (Feb. 2). 
hand. (Cahier.) 

St. Adalbero 
berg 

B.C. 1090 (Oct. 6). 
his hand. (Cahier.) 

St. Adalbero II. of 
Lorraine 

1005 (Dec. 15). Was Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Adalbert of Egmond 

CD. c. 750 (June 25). Foun- 
tain springing from his tomb. 
(Cahier.) Rom., Gall., Ger., 
Belg. and Anglican Martyr- 
ologies. 

St. Adalbert of Prague 

Abp. M. 997 (Apr. 23). Bap- 
tizing St. Stephen of Hungary. 
(Cahier.) Chains at his feet. 
(Ibid.) Globe of fire over his 
tomb. (Ihid.) Lance with club 
at lower end. (Ch. of St. Cath., 
Esslingen,Wurtemburg.) Pierced 
with lance. (Arbor Past.) Be- 
headed and pierced with three 
lances. (Old engraving.) Rom. 
and Ger. Martyrologies. 

St. Adalhardt or 
Adelard of Corbie 

Ab.C. 826 (Jan. 2). Giving 
alms. (Burgmaier.) Western 
Martyrologies. 



Church in his 
Belg. Mart. 

of Wurz- 



Church in 



St. Adalsendis of Hain- 
ault 

V. c. 714 (Dec. 25). Youngest 
daughter of St. Adelbald and St. 
Rictrudis. Followed her mothei; 
into the convent of Marchiennes 
after her father's murder. Gall., 
Belg. and Benedictine Martyr- 
ologies. 

St. Adamnan of lona 

Ab. 704 (Sep. 23). A monk ; 
mitre beside him, the Child 
Christ appearing to him from 
clouds. (Engraving.) Rom., 
Celt, and Scot. Marts., Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

SS. Adauctus, M., and 
Callisthene, V 

4th cent. (Oct. 4). Father and 
daughter. St. Adauctus was 
martyred in the Maximian per- 
secution. Greek Mencea and 
Menology ; some Latin Marts. 

St. Adauctus 

M. Companion of St. Felix (Aug. 
30), q.v. 

St. Adela 

V. (Dec. 24). Daughter of K. 
Dagobert II. and sister and 
companion of St. Irniina, q.v. 

St. Adelaide. See 
St. Adelheid 

(Feb. 5). 

St. Adelaide of 
Bergamo 

M. (Sept. 4). Wife of St. Lupo, 
q.v. Crowned, wearing a long 
veU. (Salmeggia. Brera. Milan). 

St. Adelbert of Magde- 
burg 

981. Was Bishop of Magde- 
burg. 

St. Adelheid of 
Strasbourg 

Emps. 999 Pec. 12 and 16). 
Escaping in a boat from prison. 
(Cahier.) Church in her hand. 
(Ibid.) Gall, and Ger. Marts. 

St. Adelheid or Alkeid 
of Villich 

V. 1015 (Feb. 5). Towel 
about her throat. (Window at 
Middleham.) Cologne Kalendar, 
Usuardus. 

St. Adelelm of Burgos 

Ab. c. 1 100 (Jan. 30). A 
noble of Lyons who served in 
the army before becoming a 
monk in the abbey of Chaise- 
Dieu. Ordained priest by 

Ranco, Bishop of Auvergne, 
afterwards abbot of Burgos. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Adeloga of 
Kitzingen 

8th cent. (Feb. 2). Daughter 
of Charles Martell. Formdress 



and first abbess of Kitzengen in 
Anspach. Menardus, Ferrarius, 
Bene. Mart. 

St. Adelphius of 
Burgundy 

c. 670 (Sept. 11). An abbot of 
Remiremont. 

St. Adelphotheos. See 
St. James 

(May i). 

St. Adelphus of 
Lorraine 

5th cent. (Aug. 29). Was 
Bishop of Metz. 

St. Adelric 

C. 973. Fed by angels on an 
island. (Cahier.) 

St. Adeotatus of 
Canterbury 

Abp. 664 (July 15). Conse- 
crated Archbishop of Canter- 
bury by Ithamar, Bishop of 
Rochester, in 655. Ger., Eng. 
and Bene. Marts. 

St. Aderitas of Emilia 

2nd cent. (Sept. 27). Bishop of 
Ravenna 

St. Adhelm. See 
St. Aldhelm 

(May 25). 

St. Adjutor. See 
St. Maxentius 

(June 26). 

St. Adjutor of 
N^ormandy 

H. c. 1131 (Apr. 30 and Sept. i). 
Throwing a broken chain down 
a precipice. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Butler. 

St. Ado of Sens 

C. 874 (Dec. 16). Bishop of 
Vienne. Mabillon, Rom. and 
Gall. Maris. 

St. Adolar of Erfurt 

B. 755. Kneeling at feet of St. 
Boniface and receiving a mitre 
from him. (XIV. cent, window, 
Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.) 

St. Adolph of Grermany 

1222 (Feb. II). A Bishop of 
Osnaburgh. 

St. Adolphus 

B.C. 831. BuU lying down 
before hun. (Cahier.) 

SS. Adrian and 
Eubulus of Caesarea 

MM. c. 308 (Feb. 3 and Mar. 5). 
St. Adrian with lions beside him. 
(Vie et Martyre de St. Adr, 1637.) 

St. Adrian of 
Canterbury 

Abp. c. 709 (Jan. 9). An 
African by birth. Sent by 
Vitalian from the Niridian mon- 
astery near Naples to Britain. 
Bede, Ang. and Ger. Maris. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Adrian of St. 
Andrews, B., and Com- 
panions 

MM. 874 (Mar. 4 and May i). 
A native of Pannonia. Murdered 
by Danish pirates in the Isle of 
May. Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Adrian of 
Nicomedia 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 8). In armour, 
with hammer, anvil and sword, 
trampling on a lion couchant. 
{MS. of fragments.) Hammer 
and anvil in one hand, sword 
in other. {Bod. Lib., Oxford.) 
Hammer in left hand, sword in 
right, anvil near him. {MS. 
Horae.) Anvil, his wife, St. 
Natalia, holding his hands and 
feet on it to be chopped off. 
{Molanus.) Anvil by his side, 
with hand severed on it. {Ikon.) 
Arms and legs chopped off, 
raven descending. {Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Thrown off a cliff into the 
sea. {Callot.) Brought to land 
by dolphins. {Cahier.) Bede, 
Ado, Hrabanus, Notker, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Adrian 

M. Companion of St. Landoald 
(Mar. 19), q.v. 

St. Aed. See St. 
Maccartin 

(Aug. 15). 

St. Aeda or Aedeus. 

See St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Aedham. See St. 
Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Aelred of Ridal, 
Yorks 

Ab. 1166 (Jan. 12). Of noble 
descent, he was Master of the 
Horse to David, King of Scot- 
land, and became Abbot of 
Revesby, Lines, and after of 
Rievaulx. Capgrave. 

St. Aelfheagh. See St. 
Alphege 

(Apr. 19). 

St. ^Emilian of Aragon 

P.C. c. 574 (Nov. 12). A 
shepherd who became a monk 
at Vergege in Aragon. He was 
ordained priest by Didymus, 
Bishop of Tarazona, and died a 
recluse at the age of 100 years. 
Rom., Spn. and Bene. Marts. 

St. ^Emilian of Nantes 

M. c. 726 (June 25). Bishop of 
Nantes, he was shot with arrows 
in a battle with Saracens. Gall. 
Mart. 

St. ^milian 

Companion of St. Dionysia (Dec. 
6), q.v. 



St. ^ngus. See St. 
Angus 

(Mar. 11). 

St. -^ngus. See St. 
Macniss 

(Sept. 3). 

St. Nonius of Toulouse 

C. 502 (Aug. 30). Bishop of 
Aries. 

St. Aerichus 

C. (May 18 ?). Dominican 
holding a book with a dove on 
it. {Fra Angelica, Predella.) 

St. Aetherius of 
Toulouse 

602 (Aug. 27). Was Bishop of 
Lyons. 

St. Afra of Brescia 

M. c. 120. Standing on scaf- 
fold, heads of SS. Faustina and 
Jovita at her feet. {Paul Ver- 
onese.) 

St. Afra of Augsburg, 
Pen. and Companions 

MM. 304 (Aug. 5). Burnt at 
stake. (C. Amber ger, Augsburg 
Cathedral.) Surrounded by 
flames. {Attrib. der Heil.) Her 
hands tied to a stake. {Lib. 
Chronic.) Bound to tree in 
flames. {Cahier.) Boiled in 
cauldron. {Husenbeth.) Usuar- 
dus. Ado, Hrabanus Maurus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Africanus 

M. Companion of St. Terentius 
(Apr. 10), q.v. 

St. Agape of Aquileia 
and Companions 

VV. MM. 300 (Apr. 3). Mar- 
tyred in the Diocletian perse- 
cution. SS. Agape and Chionia 
were burned, St. Irene shot with 
an arrow. Bede, Ado, Notker, 
Usuardus, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Agape 

M. Companion of St. Aphro- 
disius (Apr. 28), q.v. 

St. Agape of Cirta 

B.M. Companion of St. Antonia 
(Apr. 29), q.v. 

St. Agapetus I. of Rome 

Pope. 536 (Sept. 20). Suc- 
cessor to Pope John II. Was 
ambassador to the Emperor 
Justinian at Constantinople. 
Rom. and Gk. Marts. 

St. Agapetus of 
Palestrina 

Ch. M. 275 (Aug. 18). Scourged 
to death. {Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Hanging downwardsoverflames. 
{Old engraving.) Standing be- 
tween a mitre and suit of 
armour. {Callot.) A lion at his 
feet. {Husenbeth.) Rom. Mart. 

3 



St. Agapitus of Emilia 

c. 340 (Mar. 16). Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. Agapius of 
Palestine 

M. 306 (Nov. 20). Dead ; dove 
flying out of his mouth. {Cahier.) 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Agapius 

M. Companion of St. Eusta- 
chius (Sept. 20), q.v. 

St. Agapius 

Companion of St. Secundinus 
(April 29), q.v. 

St. Agapius 

M. Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. 

St. Agapius 

M. S)mpanion of St. Timothy 
(Aug. 19), q.v. 

St. Agatha of Catania 

V.M. 251 (Feb. 5). Holding 
breast in one hand and pair of 
shears in the other. {Fra. Fil. 
Lippi.) Knife at her breast. 
{Wiggenhall Ch., Norfolk.) 
Holding a nipple in pincers. 
{Window, Winchester Cath.) 
Breasts and shears on ground. 
{Solitaire.) Pincers in her hand. 
{Tabl. de la Croix.) Iron hook in 
her hands. {Liber Cronic and 
Window, Martham Ch., Norfolk.) 
On a burning pyre, holding a 
stake. {Window, Munich Cath.) 
St Peter healing her woimds. 
{Cahier.) Breasts in a dish. 
{Oratory of Camaldulese, Rome.) 
Suspended on a cross. (C. da 
Lodi, Brescia.) Executioners 
cutting off her breasts. {Pitti 
Palace, Seb. del Piombo.) Breasts 
off, consoled by angels. {Es- 
curial, P. Veronese.) Chafing 
dish by her side. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) On a funeral pile. {Cat. 
Sand.) Knife in her hand, 
breasts on a book. {Roodscreen, 
Eye.) All Martyrologies. 

St. Agathangelus 

M. Companion of St. Clement 
of Ancyra (Jan. 23), q.v. 

St. Agatho 

Pope. d. 682 (Jan. 10). Em- 
bracing a leper. {Cahier.) 
Anastasius the Librarian. 

St. Agatho of 
Byzantium 

H.M. 409 (May 8). Pitcher of 
water. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Agathocles 

M. Iron spike, red hot. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Agathoclia 

M. (Sept. 17). Serving maiden 
to Nicholas, a Christian, and his 
pagan wife, Paulina. De- 
nounced by her mistress, her 
tongue was cut out and she was 
burned to death. Gk. Men., 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Agathon 

In armour, lance and shield 
charged with cross, trampling 
on sword. (Ante-chapel, Mag. 
Coll., Oxon.) 

St. Agathonice 

M. '■- Sister of the deacon Papy- 
lus and servant and companion 
of St. Carpus (Apr. 13), q.v. 

SS. Agathopus, D., and 
Theodulus of Tessalon- 
ica 

MM. c. 320 (Apr. 4). Mar- 
t jnred under the governor Faus- 
tinus, they were thrown into 
the sea with stones round their 
necks. Gk., Rom. and Russ. 
Marts. 

St. Agericus 

B.C. (Dec. i). Infant in a 
cornfield found by an eagle. 
{Callot.) 

St. Agilius or Agilus of 
Rebais 

Ab.C. 650 (Aug. 30). Carry- 
ing Our Saviour on his 
shoulders. [Cahier.) Mabillon, 
Baillet. 

St. Agilulf of Cologne 

B.M. c. 770 (July 9). Dead, 
dove issuing from his mouth. 
(Cahier.) Ger. Mart. 

St. Agleus of Carthage 

M. (Oct. 15). Mentioned in 
the Ufe of St. Fulgentius of 
Ruspe, and in a letter of St. 
Gregory the Great. Baronius, 
Carthaginian Kalendar, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Aglibert 

M. Companion of St. Agoard 
(June 25), q.v. 

St. Agneda 

V.M. Breasts cut off, consoled 
by angel. (Escurial, P. Veron- 
ese.) 

St. Agnellus 

Ab. 596 (Dec. 14). On the 
walls of Naples, putting an army 
to flight. (Cahier.) 

St. Agnes of Assisi 

V. 1253 (Nov. 16). Sister of 
St. Clara (q-v.), with whom she 
was co-foimdress of the order 
of the Poor Clares. Holding a 
lamb. (Engraving, Soc : St. 
Augustine.) 

St. Agnes of Monte 
Pulciano 

V. Abs. 1317 (Apr. 20). B.V. 
Mary and the Holy Infant ap- 
pearing to her. (Old engraving.) 
Lamb, lily and book. (St. 
Dominic, Orvieto.) On a bier, 
raising her foot to St. Catherine 
of Siena, who kisses it. (At 
Carisbrooke.) In an open tomb, 
sick praying round her. (Callot.) 
Holy Communion administered 
to her by an angel. (Cahier.) 
Rom. Mart. 



St. Agnes of Rome 

V.M. c. 304 (Jan. 21). Lamb 
at her feet, sword in hand. 
(Ch. chest, Denton.) Lamb in 
her hand, sword in throat. 
(Roodscreen, N. Elmham.) Lamb 
on book, sword in hand. (Font, 
Tavenham.) Lamb led by a 
cord. (Tabl. de la Croix.) Lamb 
at her side, cloth of gold robe. 
(Molanus.) Lamb at feet seated, 
dove bringing a ring. (Mural 
painting, Cawston.) A bleeding 
lamb. (Predella, Era Angelica.) 
Dagger and palm. (Vienna 
Gall., P. Veronese.) Crowned, 
holding a book, sword at feet. 
(yth cent, mosaic, St. Agnes 
Rowie.) Angel covering her 
with a garment. (Window, 
Gillingham Church.) Angels 
covering her with their hair. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Standing on 
flaming pile, sword through her 
neck. (Lamhrecht.) Eng. Kal., 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

SS. Agoard and Agli- 
bert of Creteil 

MM. c. 400 (June 25). 
Murdered by Vandals. Butler, 
Baillet, Le Bceuf, Paris Breviary. 

St. Agostino. See St. 
Augustine 

(Aug. 28). 

St Agrapard. See St. 
Erasmus 

(June 2). 

St. Agricius of 
Champagne 

(June 13). Bishop of Sens. 

St. Agricius of Trier 

c. 335 (Jan. 13). A Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Agricola of 
Toulouse 

c. 700 (Sept. 2). Bishop of 
Avignon. 

St. Agricola of Chalons- 
sur-Saone 

580 (Mar. 17). Bishop of 
Chalons, he was a friend of St. 
Venantius Fortunatus. Buried 
at St. Marcellus, near Chalons. 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Agricola 

M. A slave and companion of 
St. Vitalis (Nov. 4), q.v. 

St. Agricolaus of 
Holland 

5th cent. (Feb. 5). Bishop of 
Utrecht. 

SS. Agripanus and 
Ursicinus of Le Puy 

c. 650 (Feb. i). St Agnpanus 
was Bishop of Le Puy. 

St. Agrippina of Rome 

V.M. c. 258 (June 23). Mar- 
tyred by being stripped and 
scourged to death. Her body 

4 



was carried to Sicily and thence 
to Constantinople. Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Agrippinus 

M. Companion of St. Gereon 
(Oct. 10), q.v. 

St. Agulf of Berri 

(Mar. 22). An Archbishop of 
Bourges. 

St. Albert of Crepin 
Tournai 

P.H. c. 1 140 (Apr. 7). E^le 
bringing him a Benedictine 
habit. (Cahier.) ' Belg. and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Aicard or Achart. 

See St. Achard 

(Sept. 15). 
St. Aid. See St. 
Maccartin 

(Aug. 15). 

St. Aid of Eacharaidh 

(Apr. 11). An abbot, he is 
titular saint of a parish church, 
an ancient abbey and a number 
of chapels in Ireland. Colgan. 

St. Aidan or Maidoc of 
Ferns, Ireland 

B. c. 632 (Jan. 31). A pupil of 
St. David of Menevia. Founder 
and first Bishop of Ferns. 

St. Aidan of Lindis- 
farne 

B.C. 651 (Aug. 31). Giving his 
horse to a beggar. (Icon. 

Sanct.) Calming a storm and 
extinguishing fire with prayer. 
(Ibid^ Stag crouching at his 
feet. (Ibid.) Holding a lighted 
torch. (Weyen.) A bishop 
holding crosier, right hand up- 
held in benediction. (XV. cent, 
window, Wintringham.) Bede, 
Ado, York and Aber. Breviaries. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Aidan of Ireland 

768 (Oct. 21). Bishop of Mayo. 
Butler, Ware, Colgan. 

St. Aldus or Aidamus. 
See St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Aignan of Orleans 

B.C. 453 (Nov. 17). With his 
sisters offering a deed at a 
shrine of the B.V. Mary. Lay- 
ing a foundation stone, asperge 
in hand. Carried in triumph on 
men's shoulders into Chartres. 
(Window, N. aisle, His Church, 
Chartres.) 

St. Aigulf of Lerins 

Ab.M. c. 680 (Sept. 3). In 
a boat. (Cahier.) Mod. Rom. 
and Gall. Marts. 

St. Ailbe of Munster 

Abp. c. 527 (Sept. 12). Cross 
and book in hand ; wolf beside 
him. (Engraving.) Celt. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Aile. See St. 
Aeilius 

^ug. 30). 

St. Airy. See St. 
Agericus 

pec. i). 

St. Aithilahas of 
Bethnudra 

D .M. Companion of St. Acepsi- 
mas (Mar. 14), q.v. 

St. Alanus de Rupe 

Holding banner of rosary ; the 
Blessed Virgin holding his hand, 
{HusenbethJ) Rosary hanging 
with one end through a large 
ring. {National Gallery.) 

St. Alanso. See St. 
Ildephonsus 

(Jan. 23). 

St. Alard. See St. 
Adalhardt 

(Jan. 2). 

St. Alban of Mainz 

M.' 6th cent. (June 21). Carry- 
ing his head. {Churches of SS. 
Alban and Martin, Cologne.) 
Ger. Mart. 

St. Alban Kiritine. See 
St. Boniface Quiritine 

(Mar. 14). 

St. Alban of Verulam 

Proto-Martyr of Britain. 304 
(June 22). Tall cross and sword. 
{XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Tall cross, clerical cap 
and sword. {Brass, St Alban' s.) 
Sword, palm and crucifix. {St. 
Mary Schmergasse, Cologne.) 
Executioner's eyes dropping out 
porter's Lives of Saints.) 
Saint's head on ground. {Seed, 
Binham Priory.) Saint's head 
in a holly bush. {St Alban' s 
Abbey.) In armour, robe, 
coronet, sceptre and Calvary 
cross. {Glass, Beauchamp 
Chapel, Warwick.) Spreading 
his cloak, sun radiant above 
him. {Husenbeth.) Young noble- 
man, book in right hand, 
double-barred crosslet of gold 
in left. {MS. Hours.) All 
Martyrologies. 

St. Albert of Citaux 

Ab. 1107 (Jan. 26). Receiving 
a white cowl from B.V. Mary. 
{Col. milit. Eccl.) 

St. Albert 

B.C. 1214. B.V. Mary with 
angels assisting him at his 
death. {Cahier.) 

St. Albert of Liege 

B.M. 1192 (Nov. 21). Cardinal 
seated holding palm ; three 
swords on ground before him. 
{Burgmaier.) Sword in hand or 
plunged in his body. {Cahier.) 



St. Albert of Italy 

1127 (April 5). Was Bishop of 
Monte Corvino. 

St. Albert of Ogna 

C. c. 1190. Cutting a stone 
with a scythe. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Dove bringing him the 
Blessed Sacrament. {Cahier.) 

St. Albert of Sicily 

1306 (Aug. 7). Book and lUy. 
(Bene. Ch. of Liessies, Hainault.) 
Infant Jesus in his arms. 
{Cahier.) Driving away female 
devn with horns and fish's tail. 
{C allot.) Crucifix terminating 
in lilies. {Cahier.) 

St. Albert of Siena 

H. c. 1180. Holding a hare in 
his arms. {Ikon.) Stilling a 
storm by prayer. {Ibid.) 

St. Albert of Yercelli 

B.C. 1200 (April 8). Knife in 
hand. {Attrib, der Heil.) 

B. Albert the Great of 
Ratisbon 

C. 1280 (Nov. 15). Domini- 
can with mitre and open book. 
{Predella, Fra Angelico.) 

St. Alberta of Agen 

V.M. 286 (Mar. 11). A sister 
of St. Faith. Relics in church 
of Benerque, on the Ariege. 
The Agen Breviary. 

St. Albeus. See St. 
Ailbe 

(Sept. 12). 

St. Albina 

M. Companion of St. Paxen- 
tius (Sept. 23), q.v. 

St. Albinus of Angers 

B. 549 (Mar. i). Curing the 
blind. {Cahier.) Preaching 
from a pulpit, (ibid.) Usuar- 
dus, Hrabanus, Wandelbert. 

St. Albinus of the 
Lyonnais 

4th or 5th cent. Was Bishop 
of Lyons. 

St. Albinus. See St. 
Witta 

(Oct. 26). 

St. Alcmund. See St, 
Alkmund 

(Mar. 19). 

B. Alcuin of Tours 

P.Mk. 804 (May 19). Bom at 
York, 735. A pupil of Arch- 
bishop Egbert, he became chief 
adviser to Charlemagne, and 
later his ambassador to King 
Offa. He died at Tours. Hra- 
banus, Usuardus, Gall. Mart, 

St. Aldate of 
Gloucester 

B. c. 490 (June 14). A member 
of tiie choir of St. Illtyd, S. 

5 



Wales, he was present at the 
massacre of Britons by Hengist 
on Salisbury Plain. Geoffrey of 
Monmouth, Rees' Essay on 
English Saints. Locally vener- 
ated at Gloucester and Oxford. 

St. Aldegund of 
Orgonne 

V. Abs. c. 673 (Jan. 30). Fly- 
ing from her parents' house. 
{Callot.) Angel appearing to 
her. {Ikon.) Walking on water, 
angel leading her. {Gueffler.) 
Holy Ghost, as a dove, giv- 
ing her a nun's veil. {Old 
engraving.) Butler, Bollandus, 
Mabillon. 

St. Aldetrudis of 
Maubeuge 

V. Abs. c. 680 (Feb. 35). 
Holding a pot of wax in flames. 
{Baring-Gould.) Molanus, Wyon, 
Miraeus, Menardus, Bollandus, 
etc. 

St. Aldhelm of 
Sherborne 

B. 709 (May 25). Receiving a 
deed from St. Wulstan. {XV. 

cent, window, Malvern Priory.) 
Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom. and 
Ang. Marts. 

St. Aldowin. See 
St. Bavo 

(Oct. i). 

St. Aldric of Le Mans 

B. 856 (Jan. 7). Ordained by 
the Bishop of Metz, he became 
chaplain and confessor to King 
Louis the Pious. Consecrated 
Bishop of Le Mans, 832. Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Aldrick of 
Champagne 

841 (Jime 6). Archbishop of 
Sens. 

St. Aled. See 
St. Almedha 

(Aug. I). 

St. Aleidis 

inc. Standing behind her 
son, St. Bernard of Clervaux. 
{Cossey Hall Chap.) Receiving 
the H. Viaticum, Our Saviour 
appearing to her. {Old engrav- 
ing.) 

St. Alen. See 
St. Adelheid 

(Feb. 5). 

St. Alena of Vorst 

V.M. c. 640 (Jxme 17). Angel 
encouraging her. {Old engrav- 
ing.) One arm torn off. {Cahier.) 
Belg. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Aletius or Alessio. 
See St. Alexis 
(July 17)- 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Alexander I. of 
Rome 

Pope. 117 (May 3). Pierced 
all over with nails. (Cahier.) 
Bede, Ado, Hrabanus, N other, 
Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Alexander 
Acoemetus 

Mk. c. 430 (Jan. 15). Proctor 
of the Byzantine army, he be- 
came a monk near Edessa, after- 
wards founding the monastery 
of the Acoemeti at Constanti- 
nople. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Alexander, 
Patriarch of Alexandria 

C. 326 (Feb. 26). A leading 
opponent of the Arian heresy 
and predecessor of St. Athana- 
sius. Bede, Usuardus, Ado, 
N other, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Alexander of 
Bergamo 

M. 300 (Aug. 26). Trampling 
on a pagan altar before the 
Emperor. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Trampling on an idol. (Icon. 
Sand.) Crucified. (Old en- 
graving.) As a Roman soldier, 
holding a palm. (Salmeggia. 
Brera. Milan.) 

St. Alexander 
Carbonarius 

B.M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 11). St. 
Gregory presenting a mitre and 
crosier to him as a charcoal 
burner. (Callot.) As a char- 
coal burner. (Attrih. der Heil.) 

St. Alexander of the 
Claudian Way 

B.M. c. 150 (Sept. 21). Be- 
headed, blindfold, upon the 
Claudian Way, by order of the 
Emperor Marcus Aurelius. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Alexander, and 
Companions, of 
Heraclea 

MM. c. 200 (Oct. 22). St. 
Alexander was Bishop of Hera- 
clea and St. Hercules a soldier. 
The Roman Martyrology con- 
fuses them with St. PhQip of 
Heraclea and Companions cele- 
brated on the same day. Ado, 
Usuardus, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Alexander of 
Jerusalem 

B.M. 250 (Mar. 18). ACappa- 
docian bishop, successor to Nar- 
cissus, in the see of Jerusalem. 
Imprisoned in the Decian per- 
secution, he died in a dungeon 
at Caesarea. Usuardus, Ado, 
Mother, Eusebius 

St. Alexander Nevski 

C 1263 (Nov. 23). Son of 
Jaroslav II., prince of Novgo- 
rod and a famous warrior, he 



assumed the monastic habit on 
his deathbed Russ. Mart. 

St. Alexander 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v 

St. Alexander 

M. Companion of St. Caius 
(Mar. 10), q.v. 

St. Alexander 

M. Companion of St. Epimar- 
chus (Dec. 12), q.v. 

St. Alexander of Lyons 

M. Companion of St. Epipodius 
(April 22), q.v. Was beaten to 
the point of death before being 
crucified. 

St. Alexander 

M. Son of SS. Maximus and 
Praepedigna (Feb. 18), q.v. 

St. Alexander 

M. Companion of St. Pater- 
muth (July 9), q.v. 

St. Alexander 

M. (May 29). An ostiarius 
and companion of St. Sisinnius. 
Was martyred by being dragged 
through brambles and after- 
wards burnt. 

St. Alexander 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Alexander the 
Egyptian 

M. Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. 

St. Alexander of Gaza 

M. Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. 

St. Alexandra 

Pen. Scourging herself. ('t 
bosch d. Erem.) 

St. Alexandrina 

4th cent. Spiiming. {yies des 
Saintes Solitaires.) 

St. Alexius, or Alexis, of 
Constantinople 

C. c. 480 (July 17). Ladder 
held in his arms. (Roodscreen, 
Torbryan.) Lying imder a stair- 
case, a Pope standing near him. 
(XVI. cent, window, Kunst- 
gewerbe Museum, Berlin.) Pil- 
grim asleep under a staircase, 
servant throwing water on him. 
(Ibid.) Holding staff and ring, 
a staircase near him. (Add. 
MSS., British Museum 18851.). 
Kneeling before an image of the 
B.V. Mary. (Kunstgewerbe 

Museum, Berlin.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

Bl. Aleydis of Scharam- 
beek 

V. 1250 (June II). A Cister- 
cian nun, she was smitten with 
leprosy Belg. Mart. 

6 



St. Alfreda. 8ee 
St. Etheldritha 

(Aug. 2). 

St. Alfwold of Sher- 
borne 

B. 1075 (Mar. 25). Was a 
monk of Winchester before ele- 
vation to the bishopric. Re- 
nowned for the austerity of his 
life. Mayhew, Wm. of Malmes- 
bury. Bene. Mart. 

St. Algeric. See 
St. Algericus 

pec. i) 

St. Aleidis, or Alice, 
of Villich. See St. 
Adelheid 

(Feb. 5). 

St. Alice. See St. Aleidis 

(N.D.). 

St. Alkelda 

V.M. Strangled by two women 
with a napkin. (Glass, Middle- 
ham Church, Yorks.) 

St. Alkmund of Derby 

M. 819 (Mar. 19). Crown and 
sWord. (Husenbeth.) Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Simeon of Dur- 
ham, Thurgot of Durham, Ang. 
Mart. 

SS. Alkmund and 
Gilbert of Hexham 

780 and 789 respectively (Sept. 
7). St. Alkmimd consecrated 
Bishop of Hexham in 767 ; St. 
Gilbert, his successor, c. 780. 
Menardus, Rene. 

St. Allen. See St. Elwyn 

(Oct. 27). 

St. AUyre. See 
St. lUidius 

(June 5). 

St. Almachus. See 
St. Telemachus 

(Jan. i). 

St. Almedha of Breck- 
nock 

V.M. 6th cent. (Aug. i). 
Daughter of King Brychan and 
sister of St. Canoe, she was 
murdered by Saxons on a hiU 
near Brecon. Wilson. 

St. Alnoth of Stowe 

H.M. c. 727 (Feb. 27). A cow- 
herd of St. Wereburga, who be- 
came a hermit near Bugbrook, 
Northants, and Was murdered 
by robbers. Wilson, Ferrarius, 
Bollandus. 

St. Alo. See S. Eligius 

Pec. 1). ° 

St. Alodia 

V.M. Companion of St. Nimilo 
(Oct. I22), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Aloysius Gonzaga of 
Rome 

C. 1591 (Jtine 21). Crucifix, 
lily and discipline. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) In black habit. {Print 
by Romney, Butler.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Alphaeus of Caper- 
naum 

1st cent. (May 26). Father of 
SS. Matthew and James. Gk. 
Menaea. 

SS. Alphaeus and 
Zaccheus of Caesarea 

MM. 303 (Nov. 17). Scourged, 
torn with iron hooks, racked 
and beheaded in the Diocletian 
persecution. Eusebius, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Alphege of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. M. 1012 (Apr. 19). In 
Archiepiscopal vestments. 

{XIV. cent, window, New Coll., 
Oxon.) Chasuble fiiU of stones. 
{Window, Greenwich Ch.) 
Battle-axe. {Arbor Past.) 

Devils beating a dead monk. 
{Cahier.) Sarum Breviary, 

Rom. Mart., Ang. Kal. 

St. Alphege the Bald of 
Wessex 

951 (Mar. 11). A Bishop of 
Winchester. 

St. Alpheus 

L.M. Companion of St. Romanus 
(Nov. 18), q.v. 

St. Alphius 

M. Companion of St. Marcus 
(Sept. 28), q.v. 

St. Alphonso Liguori of 
Nocera 

B.C. 1789 (Aug. 2). Rays 
darted upon his face from an 
image of the B.V. Mary. 
{Cahier.) Reciting the rosary. 
{Ibid.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Alphonso Toribio of 
Lima (Peru) 

Abp. 1606 (Mar. 23). Second 
son of the lord of Mogrobejo, 
bom in Leon, 1538. Made pre- 
sident of Grenada by Philip II., 
and Archbishop of Lima, 1581. 
Died at Santa, 1606. Cyprian 
de Herrera, Butler. 

Bl. Alruna 

Abs. (n.d.) Hanging her 
mantle on a sunbeam. {Cahier.) 

St. Altfried of Hanover 

875 (Aug. 15). Bishop of 
'Hildesheim. 

St. Altmann of Passau 

B.C. 1091 (Aug. 8). Church in 
his hand. {Cahier.) Ger. Mart. 

St. Alto, or Alton, of 
Altmunster (Bavaria) 

Ab. 760 (Feb. 9, Sept. 5). 
Praying before a fountain. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Aventimus. 



St. Alypius of Africa 

B.C. c. 430 (Aug. 15). Bom at 
Tagaste in Numidia. A fellow 
student of St Augustine. Mod. 
Rom. Mart., Tillemont. 

St. Amabilis of Riome 
(Auvergne) 

P.C. c. 490 (June 11}. Angel 
playing to him. (Weyen.) 

Angel bringing him relics or a 
vestment. {Cahier.) Hanging 
his mantle on a sunbeam. {Ibid.) 

Bl. Amadeus 

B.C. 1158. Receiving a white 
glove from his sister. {Cahier.) 
Prince in white gloves from B.V. 
Mary. {Ikon.) 

St. Amalberga of 
Manbebeuge 

W. 7th cent. (July 10). Hold- 
ing a picture of the Crucifixion. 
{Burgmaier.) 

St. Amalberga of 
Temsche 

V. 772 (July 10). A sieve in 
her hand, sturgeon beside her, 
trampling on a figure of 
Charlemagne. {Baring-Gould.) 
A flock of geese around her. 
{Ibid.) Belg. Mart. 

St. Amandinus of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Amandus of 
Burgundy 

c. 430 (June 18). Bishop of 
Bordeaux. 

St. Amandus of 
Maestricht 

B.C. d. 673 (Feb. 6). Carry- 
ing a church, dragon holding 
lower end of his crosier. {De 
Levens der Heylige.) Two men 
kneeling before him. {Das 
Past.) Raising to life a man 
who had been executed. 
{Cahier.) Chains in his hands. 
{Ibid.) In a pulpit. {Lam- 
brecht.) Bede, Notker, Ger., 
Belg. and Rom. Marts. 

St. Amandus of Hesse 

c. 650 (Oct. 26). Bishop of 
Worms. 

St. Amandus of 
Rheims 

H. 5th cent. (Jime 16). Lived 
as an anchorite on the estates 
of one Ruric, a noble, who built 
him a cell near Rochechouart. 

St. Amantius of 
Lombardy 

c. 546 (Apr. 8). A Bishop of 
Como. 

St. Amantius 

M. Mother of St. Getulius 
(June 10), q.v. 

St. Amantius 

D.M. Companion of St. Lan- 
doald (Mar. 19), q.v. 

7 



St. Amasius of Italy 

c. 356 (Jan. 23). A Bishop of 
Teano. 

St. Amastasia 

M. Companion of St. Cyrus 
(Jan. 31), q.v. 

St. Amator 

B.C. 418 (May i). Hatchet in 
hand, tree lying cut down near 
him. {Cahier.) 

St. Amatus, or Amet, of 
Remiremont 

Ab. c. 627 (Sept. 13). Throw- 
ing water into a river. {Callot.) 
Hangftig his mantle on a sun- 
beam. {Cahier.) Devil as a 
raven stealing his bread. {Ibid.) 
Causing water to gush out of 
a rock. {Ibid.) Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker, Gall, and Mod. Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Amatus, or Aime, of 
Sens 

Abp. c. 690 (Sept. 13). Was 
banished to St. Fursey's monas- 
tery at Peronne by Thierry III. 
and afterwards to a Flemish 
monastery, under St Mauron- 
tius. Died in exile at Breuil. 
Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Ambrose of Bourges 

c. 780 (Oct. 16). Bishop of 
Cahors, he died when returning 
from a pilgrimage to Rome. 
His body was afterwards trans- 
lated to Bourges. Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Ambrose of Milan 

B.C.Dr. 397 (Apr. 4 and Dec. 
7). Holding a scourge. {Vi- 
varini, Venice.) Accompanied 
by the angel of St. Matthew. 
{XV. cent, window, All Souls 
Coll., Oxon.) In mitre and cope 
with scourge and cross. {National 
Gallery, VanderMeire.) Holding 
a tower. {Flos Sanctorum.) 
Holding a beehive. {Arbor 
Pastoralis.) A dove near him. 
{Cahier.) Gk. Mencea, Usuar- 
dus, Rom. Mart., etc. 

Bl. Ambrose of Siena 

C. 1287 (Mar. 20). Domini- 
can holding a closed book in his 
hands, dove breathing flames 
into his right ear. {Fra Angelica 
Predella.) 

St. Ame. See St. Amatus 

(Sept. 13). 

SS. Amicus and 
Amelius 

MM. 773. Each holding a 
sword and supporting a crown 
between them. {Cahier.) 

St. Ammon of Nitria 

c. 350 (Oct. 4). A hermit and 
friend of St. Anthony. Gk. 
Mancea, Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Ammon and Zeno 
of Alexandria 

MM. c. 250 (Dec. 20). Roman 
soldiers, converted and mar- 
tjTed during the Decian perse- 
cution. Rom. Mart., Usuardus. 

St. Ammonarium, and 
Companions, of Alex- 
andria 

V.MM. 250 (Dec. 12). St 
Ammonarium was tortured and 
beheaded ; her companions were 
beheaded without torture. They 
suffered with SS. Epimarchus 
and Alexander, ^.u. Rom. Mart., 
Usuardus. 

St. Amoun. See 
St. Ammon 

(Oct. 4). 

St. Ampellius of Lom- 
bardy 

672 (July 8). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Amphibalus 

M. 303. Scourged while 

boimd to a tree by his bowels. 
(Sculp., St Allan's Abbey.) 

St. Amphilochius of 
Iconium 

B.C. c. 394 (Nov. 23). A 
friend of St. Basil, he succeeded 
Faustinus as Bishop of Iconium. 
He was the instigator of the 
Theodosian laws against Arian- 
ism. Rom. and Gk. Marts., Gk. 
Mencea. 

St. Amphilochius 

M. Companion of St. Philetus 
(Mar. 27), q.v., and of&cer in a 
Roman legion. 

St. Amplias, and Com- 
panions, of Asia Minor 

MM. 670 (Oct 31). Greeted by 
St. Paul at the close of his 
Epistle to the Romans. Rom. 
and Gk. Marts. 

St. Anacletus of Rome 

Pope. M. 1st cent. (Apr. 26 and 
July 13). Successor to St. 
Linus, first Bishop of Rome and 
predecessor of St. Clement. Bede, 
Usuardus, Wandelbert, Notker 
(on July 13), Hrabanus Maurus 
(on Apr .2g), and Ado (on July 12). 

SS. Ananias, Peter, 
and Companions, in 
Phoenicia 

MM. 298 (Feb. 25.) St. An- 
anias, a priest, was scourged, 
and with St. Peter, his converted 
gaoler, exposed to a slow fire 
and afterwards drowned with 
seven other soldier converts. 
Gk. MencBa, Ado. 

St. Anastasia of Pal- 
maria 

V.M. 304 Pec. 25). Burning 
at a stake or on a funeral pile. 
(Cat. Sand.). Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 



SS. Anastasia the Elder, 
v., and Cyrillus of 
Rome 

MM. c. 303 (Oct. 28). St. 
Anastasia was tortured and 
dispatched with a sword in the 
Diocletian persecution, and St. 
Cyrillus beheaded for giving 
her a bowl of water. Gk., Russ. 
and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Anastasia 

M. Companion of St. Basilissa 
(Apr. 15), q.v. 

St. Anastasius I. of 
Antioch 

Patr. M. 599 (Apr. 21). An 
opponent of the Justinian 
heresy, he was expelled from 
his see by Justin the Younger 
for twenty-three years. Butler, 
Henschenius. 

St. Anastasius II. of 
Antioch 

M. 609 (Dec. 21). Succeeded 
Anastasius I. as Patriarch of 
Antioch. Was slain by Jews in 
a riot. Rom. Mart. 

St. Anastasius of 
Aquileia 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 7). A fuller by 
trade, he determined upon mar- 
tyrdom, and painted a cross upon 
his house. He was thrown into 
the sea, a stone hung about his 
neck. His body was recovered 
by Asclepia, a Christian of 
Salona, where a church was 
buUt over it. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Anastasius of 
Assyria 

M. 628 (Jan. 22). Dragged at 
the tail of wild horses. (Fresco, 
SS. Vincent and Anastasius, 
Rome.) Pierced with arrows on 
a gibbet. (Ibid.) With an axe. 
(Jameson.) Head in cowl on 
a platter. (Baring-Gould.) His 
own Acts. 

St. Anastasius of Berri 

624(May 20). An Archbishop 
of Bourges. 

St. Anastasius of 
Lombardy 

680 (May 30). A Bishop of 
Pavia. 

St. Anastasius I. of 
Rome 

401 (Apr. 27). Succeeded St. 
Ciricius as Pope in 399. SS. 
Jerome and Augustine, Sozo- 
men, Theodoret, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Anastasius the 
Sinaite 

Mk. c. 680 (Apr. 21). A hermit, 
author of several ascetic works 
fuU of piety and devotion. 
Butler, Henschenius. 

8 



St. Anatalo of Lom- 
bardy 

c. 61 (Sept. 25). Bishop of 
MUan. 

SS. Anatholia, V., and 
Audax of Reate 

MM. c. 250 (July 9). With 
torches and serpents. (Aitrib. 
der Heil.) Anatholia delivering 
a man from a dragon. (Callot.) 
Anatholia breathing on the face 
of a lunatic. (Icon. Sand.) 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Anatolius of 
Cilicia 

c. 400 (Feb. 3). Bishop of 
Adana. 

St. Anatolius of Con- 
stantinople 

B.C. 458 (July 3)- Conse- 
crated by Dioscorus of Alex- 
andria as successor to St. 
Flavian. Gk. Menem, Russ. 
Kal. 

St. Anatolius of 
Laodicaea 

B. 3rd cent. (July 3). Globes 
and axithmetical books. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Usuardus, Wandelbert 
and Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Ancejas, Companion 
of St. Luceja 

(June 25), q.v. 

St. Ancharius. See St. 
Anscharius 

(Feb. 3). 

St. Andeolus, or 
Andreolus, of the 
Vivarais 

M. 207 (May i). Club in his 
hand. (Arbor Past.) Butler. 

SS. Andochius, P., and 
Thyrsus of Autun 

MM. c. 169 (Sept. 24). Hung 
over a fire. (Callot.) Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Andrew of Chios 

M. 1465 (May 29). Martyred 
at Constantinople. 

St. Andrew the Tribune 
of Cilicia 

M. e. 303 (Aug. 19). A Roman 
soldier martyred in the Maxi- 
minian persecution, his hands 
being pierced with nails and his 
head struck off. Gk. Menem, 
Russ. and Coptic Kalendars. 

St. Andrew the Elder 
of Crete 

Abp. c. 732 (July 4). Bom at 
Damascus, he became a deacon 
at Constantinople and was 
created Archbishop of Crete 
by Philippicus Bardanes. Gk. 
Meneea. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Andrew the 
Younger of Crete 

M. 767 (Oct. 17). Seized while 
painting pious pictures, {fcon. 
Sanct.) Gk. Mencea, Rom. Mart. 

St. Andrew of Fiesole 

Dn. C. 880 (Aug. 22). Of 
Scottish or Irish descent. Was 
deacon to St. Donatus, Bishop 
of Fiesole, Butler, Colgan, etc. 

Bl. Andrew of Haarlem 

O.P. Holding a crucifix. {Lib. 
SS. Belgii. O.P.) 

St. Andrew the Apostle 

M. ist cent. (Nov. 30). A 
cross saltire and book. (XV. 
cent, window, Doddiscomhsleigh.) 
Holding a cross saltire. [XV. 
cent, window, Winiringham.) 
Cross saltire at his back, two 
fishes in his right hand. (Ivory 
statuette, Cossey Hall.) Scroll 
with his text from the Creed : 
Et in Jesum Christum Filium 
ejus unicum Dominum nostrum. 
(Fairford.) Nailed to a V- 
shaped frame. (Bronze gate, St. 
Paul, Rome.) Bound on a trans- 
verse cross. (Ch. of SS. Nereo 
and Achilles, Rome.) Tall cross 
and book. (Window, Sta. 

Croce, Florence.) A Latin cross, 
held longitudinally. (Apse 

window, Bourges Cath.) Rom., 
Gk., Russ., Copt, and Syr. Marts. 

St. Andrew of Rinn 
(Tyrol) 

1462 (July 12). A boy with lily 
and sickle. (Baring-Gould.) 

St. Andrew Avellino of 
Naples 

C. 1608 (Nov. 10). Angels 
singing the office with mm. 
ICahier.) Dying on altar steps. 
(Ibid.) Contemplating a cruci- 
fix. (Husenbeth.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Andrew Corsini of 
Fiesole 

B.C. 1373 (Feb. 4). B.V.Mary 
appearing to him while , cele- 
brating Mass. (Cahier.) On 
horseback in a battle. (Ibid.) 
On clouds. (Ibid.) Between 
a wolf and a lamb. (Baring- 
Gould.) 

St. Andrew 

M. Companion of St. Peter 
(May 15). q-v. 

SS. Andronicus and 
Athanasia of Antioch 

CC. c. 450 (Oct. 9). A silver- 
smith and his wife who went 
into retirement and died at 
Scete in Egypt. Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Andronicus 

M. Companion of St. Tarachus 
(Oct. 11), q.v. 

St. Anectus of Caesarea 

M. c. 310 (June 27). Mar- 
tyred by Urban, Governor of 



Cappadocia, in the Diocletian 
persecution. He was scourged 
by soldiers and his hands, feet 
and head struck off. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Anectus 

M. Companion of St. Codratus 
(Mar. 10), q.v. 

St. Aner of Lorraine 

5th cent. Bishop of Toul and 
brother of St. Apronia. 

St. Aneurin 

C. Companion of St. Gwynoc 
(Oct. 26), q.v. 

Angels. The Nine 
Choirs of: 

Archangels 

Figure standing in a citadel, 
holding a sceptre and resting 
on a sword. (Roodscreen, Barton 
Turf.) Sword and scales. 
(Screen, Southwold.) Sun or 
star on the breast. (Font, 
Norwich Cath.) 

St. Barachiel 

Archangel. Lap of his cloak 
full of white roses. (Ch. of 
the Holy Angels, Palermo, and 
Faber's Blessed Sacrament.) 

St. Gabriel 

Archangel (Mar. 18). Sceptre 
and shield, with monogram of 
the B.V. Mary. (Roodscreen, 
Southwold.) Bearing a lily. 
(Pictures of the Annunciation.) 
Lantern in his right hand, 
mirror in his left, of green jasper 
with red spots reflecting rays of 
lantern. (Painting, Ch. of the 
Holy Angels, Palermo.) 

St. Jehudiel 

Archangel Golden crown in 
right hand ; scourge of three 
black cords in left. (Ch. of the 
Holy Angels, Palermo, and 
Faber's Blessed Sacrament.) 

St. Michael 

Archangel (Sept. 29). In 
armour, striking a dragon with 
a sword. (Screen, Ranworth.) 
Piercing a dragon with a lance. 
(XV. cent, window, Bampton.) 
Holding a pair of scales, black 
devil in one, white figure in the 
other. (Screen, Filby.) As the 
last ; devils in one scale, souls in 
the other ; one devil fallen out 
and scale rising. (Window, 
Martham.) Weighing souls, 
devil depressing one scale. 
(Window, Vincent Collection.) 
Sword and scales ; two men in 
one, millstone in the other, 
which a dragon is pulling down. 
(Bas-relief, Meran, Tyrol.) 
Scales ; devil pulling down one, 
soul in the other ; the B.V. 
Mary throwing in a rosary, 
which weighs it down. (Islip 
and Bexley Churches.) Scales ; 
Satan pulling down one side ; 

9 



St. Michael piercing him with 
a cross-staff. (Flos Sanct.) 
Lance and shield. (Fra An- 
gelica.) Piercing Satan with 
a long cross ; a short cross in his 
other hemd. (Tabl. de la Croix.) 
Trampling on Lucifer ; palm 
in left hand, lance in right, with 
banner at top, white with a red 
cross, twisted round the lance. 
(Ch. of the Holy Angels, Palermo. 
Banner-headed staff or lance. 
(East window, Exeter Cath.) 

St. Raphael 

Archangel. Bearing a staff. 
(Murillo, Leuchtenberg Gall.) 
Carrying a fish. (Tabl. de la 
Croix.) Walletover his shoulder. 
(Hours of Anne of Brittany.) 
Supporting a vase with his left 
hand ; with his right leading 
Tobias, who holds a fish by the 
giUs. (Ch. of the Holy Angels, 
Palermo.) Walking on a river 
with a pilgrim's staff. (Callot.) 
A gourd bottle. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Staff, fish and gourd. 
(Window, Ansford, Somerset.) 

St. Sealtiel 

Archangel. Hands clasped on 
his heart. (Old engraving.) In 
the attitude of prayer. (Ch. of 
the Holy Angels, Palermo.) 

St. Uriel 

Archangel. Scroll and book. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding a 
sword across his breast, flames 
in his left hand. (Ch. of the 
Holy Angels, Palermo.) Holding 
a sword, flames at his feet. 
(Old engraving.) 

Angels 

Figure bearing a spear ; alms 
box at his girdle ; two children 
looking up as to their guardian. 
(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.) In 
an alb of cloth of gold with a 
crossed green stole ; holding 
children in a white cloth. 
(Roodscreen, Southwold, c. 1460.) 
Holding organ pipes. (Font, 
Norwich Cath.) 

Guardian Angel 

standing with bare feet on a 
golden wheel, clothed with red 
feathers ; with four purple 
wings edged with green. (MS. 
Hours.) 

Angel of Justice 

Holding a sword upright. (MS. 
Hours.) 

Angel of Mercy 

Holding a branch with three 
white flowers. (MS. Hours.) 

St. Chamael. 

Angd. Staff and cup. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Haniel. 

Angel. Reed sceptre and 

crown of thorns. (Attrib. der 
Heil) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Jophiel. 

Angel. Flaming sword ; driv- 
ing Adam and Eve out of Para- 
dise. (Aitrib. der Heil.) 

St. Zadkiel 

Angel. Holding Abraham's 
sacrificing knife. [Ikon.) 

St. Zaphkiel. 

Angel. A wand in his hand. 
{Cahier.) 

Cherubim 

Hand lifted in adoration ; 
clothed in feathers. (Rood- 
screen, Barton Turf ; Font, Nor- 
wich Cath.) Standing on a 
wheel ; hands folded on breast. 
(Roodscreen, Southwold ; win- 
dows, Odell and Badley Churches. 

Seraphim 

Swinging a thurible ; clothed 
with feathers. [Roodscreen, 

Barton Turf; Font, Norwich 
Cath.) Standing on a wheel ; 
face and hands red, the rest 
gold ; scroll in left hand in- 
scribed Scs Scs Scs. (Rood- 
screen, Southwold.) 

Thrones 

Throne and golden scales. 
(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.) 
Figure with a tower in his hands ; 
belt of golden squares. (Screen, 
Southwold.) Seated on golden 
faldstool, and holding on their 
knees a radiant star. (Cope at 
Mt. St. Mary Coll., Derbyshire.) 

Dominations 

Triple crown and chasuble. 
(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.) 
Figure with chalice and Host in 
his right hand, globe and cross 
in left ; church under his feet. 
(Screen, Southwold.) 

Principalities 

Crowned ; palm branch in left 
hand and vial in right. (Rood- 
screen, Barton Turf J) Standing 
in a citadel with a sceptre. 
(Screen, Southwold.) 

Powers 

Chaining and scourging devils. 
(Roodscreen, Barton Turf.) 
Figure holding a devil in a 
chain, scourging and trampling 
upon him. (Screen, Southwold ; 
Font, Norwich Cath.) 

Virtues 

In green clothing and blue 
feathers. (Roodscreen, Barton 
Turf.) Figure with croWn in 
right hand, censer in left. 
(Screen, Southwold.) 

St. Angela of Foligni 

V. 1309 (Jan. 4). Holding the 
devil chained. (Cahier.) A 
Life by Friar Amald. 

St. Angela of Merici 

V. 1540 (May 31). Virgins 
ascending a ladder. (Cahier.) 
St. Ursula and companions ap- 
pearing to her. (Ibid.) Rom. 
Mart. 



St. Angelus of Alicate 

P.M. 1220 (May 5). Lilies and 
roses falling from his mouth. 
(Ikon.) Hung on a tree. (Lud. 
Carracci.) Carmelite ; sword 
plunged in his breast ; holding 
book and palm encircled by 
three crowns. (Acad. Ghent, T. 
Boyermans.) CarmeHte; sword 
in breast, another across his 
head, palm in one hand, book 
in other with three crowns on it. 
(Solitaire.) Butler, Pafebroke, 
etc. 

St. Angelus 

M. One of the seven Fran- 
ciscan Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

St. Angilbert of 
St. Riquier 

Ab. 814 (Feb. 18). Restoring 
a broken pillar by his blessing. 
(Cahier.) Gall. Mart. 

St. Angradrisma of 
Beauvais 

V. Abs. 695 (Oct. 14). Marks 
of smaUpox on her face. (Cat. 
Sanct.) 

St. Angus of Keld 

B. Ab. C. c. 824 (Mar. 11). 
Book and pen in hand, three 
books at his side. (Engraving.) 
Celt. Mart., Colgan. 

St. Anian. See 
St. Aignan 

(Nov. 17). 

St. Anianus of 
Alexandria 

B. c. 86 (Apr. 25). A shoe- 
maker at work. (Cahier.) 
Butler. 

St. Anianus. See St. 
Eneon 

(Apr. 21). 

St. Anicetus of Rome 

M. Pope. 168 (Apr. 17). Suc- 
cessor to St. Pius I., he was an 
opponent of the Valentinian 
heresy and a coadjutor of St. 
Polycaip of Smyrna. Rom. 
Mart., Eusebius. 

SS. Anicetus and 
Photius of Nicomedia 

MM. c. 305 (Aug. 12). Uncle 
and nephew, they were thrown 
into the furnace of the baths of 
Nicomedia during the Diocle- 
tian persecution. Gk., Russ., 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Anicetus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Aninas of Meso- 
potamia 

H. (Mar. 16). Was a hermit in 
the deserts of the Euphrates. 
Gk. Mart. 

St. Anna of Jerusalem 

Pts. 1st cent. (Sept. i). As an 
aged Woman, at the presenta- 

10 



tion of Our Saviour in the 
Temple. (Rubens, Antwerp 

Cath.) 

St. Anna. See St. Enda 

(Mar. 21). 

St. Anne, Mother of 
the Blessed Virgin 

(July 26). Teaching Our Lady 
to read. (Many instances.) 

Standing behind B.V.M. and 
Infant. (Window, Cossey Hall.) 
Offering fruit to the Infant in 
lap of B.V.M. (British Museum 
Add. MS. 17012.) Triple crown 
in left hand, book in right. 
(MS. Hours.) Holy Child on 
her arm, B.V.M. before her. 
(Primer 1516.) B.V.M. on her 
knee. Infant Jesus on knee of 
B.V.M. (MS. Hours.) Carry- 
ing Infant Saviour in one arm, 
B.V.M. on other. (Brunswick 
coins.) Holding out her mantle, 
B.V.M. with Infant Christ 
before her. (Horce B.V.M.) 
Meeting St. Joachim at Golden 
Gate of Jerusalem. (Window, 
Cossey Hall.) Holding a flower- 
ing sceptre, B.V.M. on her arm. 
(Window, Chartres Cath.) 

St. Anno of Cologne 

Abp. C. 1075 (Dec. 4). Church 
in his hand. (Cahier.) Rom. 
and Ger. Marts., Fleury, Surius. 

St. Ansanus of Siena 

M. c. 303 (Dec. i). Palm with 
cluster of dates, standard of 
cross. (Florentine Gallery, S. 
Memmi.) Fountain where his 
head fell. (Cahier.) 

St. Ansaric 

c. 650 (Sept. 5). Bishop of 
Soissons. 

St. Ansbald of the Eifel 

886 (July 12). An abbot of 
Prum. 

St. Ansbert of Rouen 

Abp. 695 (Feb. 9). Discipline 
in his hand. (Burgmaier.) 

Chalice in his hand. (Cahier.) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Anscharius of 
Hamburg 

B. 865 (Feb. 3). Converted 
Danes near him. (Ikon.) Wear- 
ing a fur peUsse. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Ger., Scan, and Belg. 
Marts., Bollandus, Mabillon. 

St. Ansegis of Fonte- 
nelle 

Abp. (July 20). Became a 
monk, c. 788, and was abbot 
in turn of the abbeys of Flaix, 
Luxeuil and FonteneUe. Gall, 
and Bene. Marts. 

St. Anselm of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 1109 (Apr. 21). B.V. 
Mary, with Holy Infant ap- 
pearing to him. (Porter's Lives 



Saints and their Emblems 



of Saints.) A hill near him. 
[Cahier.) Exorcising a monlt. 
[Callot.) Holding the model of 
a ship. {Old engraving.) Papal 
bull m hand. (Cahier.) Rom. 
and Eng. Marts., Florence of 
Worcester, William of Malmes- 
bury. 

St. Anselm of Lucca 

B.C. 1086 (Mar. 18). Army 
taking flight before him. 
{Cahier.) Canisius. 

St. Anskar. See 
St. Anscharius 

(Feb. 3). 

St. Ansovinus, or 
Ansewin, of Camerino 

B.C. 840 (Mar. 13). Blessing 
a bam near him. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Rom. Mart., Camerino 
Breviary. 

St. Anstrude. See 
St. Austrude 

(Oct. 17). 

St. Anteros of Rome 

Pope. M. c. 236 (Jan. 3). 
Successor to St. Pontianus and 
founder of the office of notary 
in the church. Rom. Mart., 

Usuardus. 

St. Anthelm of Bellay 

B.C. 1177 (June 26). Car- 
thusian habit, mitre at his feet, 
above his head a lamp with the 
Divine Hand pointing to it. 
{Baring-Gould.) As above, but 
the Divine Hand kindling the 
lamp with a torch. {Ibid.) 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Anthimius of 
Mcomedia 

B.M. 303 (Apr. 27). Saved 
from drowning by an angel. 
{Cahier.) Rom. Mart., Ado, 
Notker, Usuardus, Eusebius. 

St. Anthusa 

M. Companion of St. Athan- 
asius (Aug. 22), q.v. 

St. AntidiusofBesan9on 

B. c. 411 (June 25). Miracu- 
lous fountain near his altar. 
{Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

SS. Antiochus and 
Cyriac of Sebaste 

MM. c. 250 (July 15). St. 
Antiochus was beheaded by 
order of the president, Adrian. 
His executioner, Cyriac, con- 
verted by his martyrdom. Gk. 
Mencea. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Antipas 

M. c. 92 (Apr. 11). Bishop of 
Pergamos. Mentioned in Rev. 
ii. 13. Gk. Menology, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Antonia of Cirta 

V.M. 300 (Apr. 29). Barrel 
near her. {Ikon.) Shut up in 
a barrel. {Attrib. der Heil) 



St. Antonina of Nicaea 

M. 4th cent. (Mar. i). Mar- 
tyred under Maxentius, she was 
torn with rakes and drowned in 
a sack. Gk. Menoea, Rom. Mart. 

St. Antoninus of 
Apamaea 

M. c. 580 (Sept. 2). A stone- 
cutter, engaged on building the 
chiurch of the Holy Trinity at 
Apamaea in Syria, he was 
murdered in a riot. Rom. Mart. 

St. Antoninus, P., and 
Companions, of 
Caesarea 

MM. 308 (Nov. 13). Martyred 
with the sword by Fermilian in 
the Maximinian persecution. 
Rom. Mart., Eusebius. 

St. Antoninus of 
Florence 

Abp. 1459 (May 10). Domini- 
can friar, wearing the Pallium. 
{Cosimo Rocelli.) Dominican 
friar, mitre near him. {Ikon.) 
Drifting down a river in a boat. 
{Husenbeth.) Holding a book 
in a bag. {Isabella Breviary, 
British Museum.) Holding a 
pair of scales, fruit in one scale, 
scroU in the other. {Cahier.) 
Giving bread or clothes to the 
poor. {Ibid.) Butler, Pape- 
broke, etc. 

St. Antoninus, or Anto- 
nine, of Sorrento 

Ab. c. 830 (Feb. 14). Holding 
standard on wall of a city. 
{Ikon.) 

St. Antoninus of 
Toulouse 

CM. 2nd cent. (July 6). 

Fountain springing at touch of 
his staff. {Cahier.) Fountain 
obtained by his prayers. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Antoninus 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Antony the Great 

Ab. C. 356 (Jan. 17). Staff 
like letter T. (Cimabue; 
Blythorpe Church.) Staff and 
bell. {Wm. of Cologne.) Staff 
and bell, pig with bell about its 
neck, book and rosary. {Window, 
Stoke Pogis Church.) Walking 
on fire, pig on either side. {MS, 
Hours.) Bell in hand. {Window, 
Sparkham.) T-cross on his 
cloak, pig at his side. {Tab. de 
la Croix.) Torch and bell. 
{Israel van Mecken.) Staff with 
two beUs. ij'urin Gall., 

Ferrari.) T-staff piercing devil's 
foot, T on his cloak, book and 
bell in hand, pig with beU at 
side. {yVindow, Hautbois, Nor- 
folk.) Flames tmder his feet. 
{Heures d'Anne de Bretagne.) 
Visiting St. Paul the Hermit in 

11 



his cell. {Velasquez.) Book, 
staff with bell, pig at feet. 
{Window, Abbot's Bickington, 
Devon.) Cross-handled staff, 
book, pig at feet. {XVI. cent, 
window, Arezzo.) Holding a 
wooden spoon. {Fresco, Campo 
Santo, Pisa.) Life by St. Athan- 
asius, Sozomen, St. Jerome, etc., 
etc. 

St. Antony Cauleas of 
Constantinople 

Patr. C. 895 (Feb. 12). A 
Phrygian by birth, he contested 
the Photian heresy and restored 
peace to the church in the East. 
Butler, Le Quien. 

St. Antony of Tuscany 

1459 (May 2). Archbishop of 
Florence. 

St. Antony of Padua 

C. 1231 (June 13). Crucifix 
in his right hand. Holy Infant 
standing on a book in his 
left. {Berlin Gallery, Murillo.) 
Ibid. Holy Infant seated. {Soli- 
taire.) Kneeling receiving the 
Holy Infant from B.V. Mary. 
{Alonzo Cano.) Kneeling, the 
Infant Jesus on a cloud above 
him. {Hueberus.) Flames in his 
hand. {Siena School, Vatican.) 
KneeUng with globe and cross. 
{Murillo.) LUy in his hand. 
{Raphael.) Lily and book. 
{Eremite Ch., Padua) Holding 
a flask of red liquid in a shrine. 
{Raphael.) Raising a dead man 
before a judge. {Cahier.) 

Holding aloft the Blessed Sacra- 
ment, ass kneeling before him. 
{Callot.) PreacMng to fishes. 
{Ibid) Vanquishing the devil. 
{Der Heyl. Leib) In Fran- 
ciscan habit. {Window, St 
Petronio, Bologna) Lily in 
right hand, holding one foot of 
the Holy Infant, who stands 
upon a cloud and embraces him. 
{Old picture) 

St. Antony, and Com- 
panions, of Yilna 

MM. 1342 (Apr. 14). Three 
chamberlains to Olgerd, Grand 
Duke of Lithuania, they were 
converted by the priest Nes- 
torius, imprisoned and hanged. 
Butler, Heuschenius. 

St. Anysia of Thes- 
salonica 

M. 304 (Dec. 30). Of noble 
parentage, she was renowned 
for her alms-givings and was 
murdered by being pierced with 
a sword. Rom. and Gk. Marts. 

St. Anysius of Thes- 
salonica 

B. 410 (Dec. 30). Disciple 
and successor of St. Anascho- 
Uus as Bishop of Thessalonica, 
which see he occupied during 
the massacre under Theodosius. 
Rom. and Gk. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Anzano 

M. 15th cent. Carrying a 
heart and liver. (AUrib. der 
Heil.) 

St. Apelles 

H. 4th cent. Locksmith's tools 
about him. (Ikon.) Forge and 
anvU near him. (Cahier.) 

St. Aper of Toul 

B.C. 5th cent. (Sept. 15). De- 
livering possessed persons. 
{Calht.) 

St. Aphraates of 
Antioch 

H. c. 380 (Apr. 7). Striking 
water out of a rock. [Gueffier.) 
Refusing a rich robe. (Blaise.) 
Rom. and Gk. Marts., Theo- 
doref. 

St. Aphrodisius, B., and 
Companions, of Beziers 

MM. 1st cent. (Mar. 22 and 
Apr. 28). On a camel, or a 
camel near him. (Cahier.) 

His head in his hands. (Baring- 
Gould.) Ado, Usuardus, N ot- 
her, Rom., Gall, and Spn. Marts. 

St. Aphrodisius of 
Cilicia 

M. (June 21). Was cast to 
lions. Gk. Mencea and Meno- 
logy. 

St. Aphrodisius 

M. (Mar. 14). Companion of 
St. Peter, q.v. 

St. Apian of Caesarea 

M. Brother of St. Edesius 
(April 8), q.v. 

St. Apodemus of 
Saragossa 

M. (April 16). Companion of 
St. Optatus, q.v. 

St. Apollinaris the 
Apologist 

B. (Jan. 8). Was Bishop of 
HierapoUs. Butler, Eusebius, 
Theodoret, St. Jerome, etc. 

St. Apollinaris of 
Ravenna 

B.M. c. 79 (July 23). With 
club. (Ikon.) Beaten with club 
by the devU. (Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Standing on hot coals. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) As a bearded Greek 
bishop preaching to sheep. 
(Mosaic, St. Apollinaris, Ra- 
venna.) Angel bringing him a 
crown. (Weyen.) Holding a 
sword. (Isabella Breviary, British 
Museum.) Raven by his side. 
(Baring-Gould.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Apollinaris of 
Valence 

B. 520 (Oct. 5). Causing a 
stream of water to rise out of 
the groimd. (Cahier.) Gall. 
and Rom. Marts. 



St. Apollinaris 

M. Companion of St. Timothy 
(Aug. 23), q.v. 

St. Apollinaris Sidonius 

B.C. 482 (Aug. 23). Appear- 
ing to a priest. (Cahier.) Writ- 
ing reUgious poems. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Butler, Ceillier, Gall, 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Apollinaris Syn- 
cletica of Egypt 

V. 5th cent. (Jan. 5). Daughter 
of the prefect Anthemius. Died 
a recluse at Scete. Butler, Lat. 
Mart. 

St. Apollo of the 
Thebaid 

Ab. c. 395 (Jan. 25). A re- 
cluse, imprisoned by Julian the 
Apostate. Palladius, Sozomen, 
Bollandus. 

St. Apollonia of 
Alexandria 

V.M. 249 (Feb. 9). Holding a 
tooth in pincers. (Roodscreens, 
Ludham, Westhall, Barton Turf, 
Lessingham; XV. cent, window, 
Kingskerswell, Devon.) Pincers 
alone. (St. Mary's Ch., Cologne.) 
Hammer or tooth extractor in 
her hand; clasped book and 
teeth lying on it. (Roodscreen, 
Somerleyton.) Pincers, tooth 
and palm. (XV. cent, window, 
St. Stephens, Norwich.) Bound 
to a piUar and scourged. (F. 
Granacci, Munich Gall.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Apollonius 

M. 300 (Apr. 5). On a funeral 
pile. (Ikon.) Drowned in the 
sea. (Attrib. der Heil.) Cruci- 
fied. {Weyen.) 

St. Apollonius the 
Apologist 

M. c . 185 (Apr. 18). A senator 
of Rome, he wrote against the 
Phrygian heresy and was mar- 
tyred under Commodus, his 
limbs being broken before de- 
capitation. Usuardus, Ado, 
Notker, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Apollonius of Brescia 

B. 2nd cent. (July 7). Linen 
brought him from heaven for a 
corporal. (Cahier.) 

St. Apollonius 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Apollonius 

M. Companion of St. Philemon 
(Mar. 8), q.v. 

St. Apphian, or Apian, 
of Caesarea 

M. 306 (Apr. 2). A Lycian, 
disciple of Eusebius, scourged, 
racked, burnt and drowned by 
Urbanus, Governor of Caesarea. 
Gk. Mencea and Rom. Mart. 

12 



St. Appia 

M. Companion of St. Philemon 
(Nov. 22), q.v. 

St. Apronia of Toul 

V. c. 480 (July 15). Sister of 
St. Aner, Bishop of Toul. Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Apuleius 

M. Companion of St. Marcellus 
(Oct. 7), q.v. 

SS. Aquila and Priscilla 
of Asia Minor 

c. 60 (July 8). Making tents. 
(Callot.) Shoemaker's tools, 
each holding a sword. (Ikon.) 
Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Aquilina of Biblis 

V.M. 293 (June 13). Tortured 
and beheaded by the Judge 
Volusian in the Diocletian 
persecution. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Aquilina 

M. Companion of St. Niceta 
(July 24), q.v. 

St. Aquilinus 

M. 1220 (n.d.). Sword in his 
neck. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Aquilinus of Evreux 

B. c. 693 (Oct. 19). As blind 
bishop giving alms. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Kneeling with his wife 
at altar. (Cahier.) 

St. Arbogastus of 
Strasburg 

B. 678 (^y 21). Passing dry 
over river. (Cahier.) Rom. and 
Ger. Marts., Bosch, Wyon and 
Menardus. 

St. Arcadius of Africa 

M. (Jan. 12). Stretched on the 
rack. (Old engraving.) With 
lighted taper. (Ikon.) With 
dub and sword. (Attrib. der 
Heil) Limbs chopped off. 

(Gueffier, Lambrecht Blaise.) As 
a torso. (Baring-Gould.) Rom. 
Mart., Bede, Tillemont. 

Bl. Archangela of 
Tridino 

V. (n.d.). Receiving basket 
of bread from a boy. (Print, 
Carmelite Fathers, Bruges.) 

St. Archelaa, and Com- 
panions, of Salerno 

V. and MM. 285 (Jan. 18). 
Tortured and beheaded by 
Leontius, Governor of Salemo, 
in the Diocletian persecution. 
Salemo Breviary. 

St. Archelaus of Ostia 

D. Companion of St. Censur- 
inus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Archinimus of 
Mascula 

M. Companion of St. Armo- 
gastes (Mar. 29), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Archippus 

1st cent. (Mar. 20). A com- 
panion of St. Paul the Apostle. 

St. Ardalio 

M. c. 300 (Apr. 14). An actor, 
he professed his faith upon the 
stage, and was martyred by fire. 
R(ym. and, Gk. Marts. 

St. Ar6 

B.C. (N.D.). Lying down in a 
boat. (Husmbeth.) 

St. Arethas, and Com- 
panions, of Arabia Felix 

MM. 523 (Nov. 24). Prince of 
Nadjran, beheaded, with three 
hundred of his subjects, by Dzu 
Nowass. Ethiopic and Russian 
Kalendars. 

St. Arethas of Russia 

Mk. c. 1250 (Oct. 24). A monk 
at Kieff. 

St. Ariadne 

V. (n.d.). Hiding in a rock 
from her pursuers. {Ikon.) 

SS. Ariald of Lago Mag- 
giore, and Herlembald 
of Milan 

MM. 1065 (June 27). St. Ariald 
in deacon's orders. Was tortured 
and drowned by Olivia, niece of 
Archbishop Guido. St. Herlem- 
bald, his brother, was kiUed by 
the sword in Milan. Italian 
Marts. 

St. Arian 

M. Companion of St. Philemon, 
(Mar. 8), q.v. 

St. Arigius 

c. 615 (Aug. 10). An Arch- 
bishop of Lyons. 

St. Arilda of Kington 
(Glos.) 

V.M. (Oct 30). Murdered by 
one Muncius. Oldbiiry Church 
(Glos.) is dedicated to her. 
Leland's Itinerary. 

St. Aristarchus 

ist cent. (Aug. 4). In episcopal 
vestments. {Antechapel, Mag. 
Coll., Oxon.) Rom. Mart., 
Usuardtts, also Col. iv. 10. 

St. Aristeon 

M. (Sept. 3). Bishop of Alex- 
andria in Cificia. 

St. Aristides 

2nd cent. (Aug. 31). A philo- 
sopher of Athens. 

St. Aristion 

M. (Oct. 17). One of the 
seventy disciples and a com- 
panion of St. Papias (Feb. 22), 
q.v. On a funeral pile. 

(Cahier.) Rom. Mart., St. 

Jerome, Eusebius. 

St. Aristobulus 

c, 60 (Mar. 15). One of the 
seventy disciples, and brother 
to St. Barnabas. Rom., Gk. and 
Eng. Marts. 



St. Aristonicus 

Companion of St. Expeditus 
(April 19), q.v. 

St. Arius 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
Qune 5), q.v. 

St. Armagil or Armel 

C. 552 (Aug. 16). A monk of 
Brittany. Holding hook, with 
devilonendofchain. {Roodscreen, 
Torbryan.) Wearing chasuble 
over armour. {Bened. Ch., 
Romsey.) Dragon bound with 
his stole. [Statuary, Hen. VII. 
Chap., Westminster.) 

St. Armogastes and 
Companions 

MM. c. 463 (Mar. 29). De- 
capitated in Africa. As a cow- 
herd. (Gueffier.) Usuardus, 
Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Arnald of Catania 

Ab. 1255 (Feb. 10). An abbot 
at Padua. 

St. Arnoald. See 
St. Bodagisl 

(Dec. 18). 

St. Arnoald, or Arnoul, 
of Metz 

B. 640 (July 18). Fish with 
ring in mouth. (Burgmaier.) 
Raven canying fish. {Cahier.) 
Gall., Ger. and Rom Marts., 
Butler, Mabillon, Bosch, etc. 

St. Arnold of Juliers 

C. 9th cent. (July 18). Was in 
priest's orders at AmsWeiler. 

St. Arnulf of the 
Ardennes 

M. (July 24). Martyred at 
Monson. 

St. Arnulf of Ivelines 

M. c. 534 (July 18). Mission- 
ary to the Frcinks after the 
baptism of Clovis. Murdered 
at Ivelines in the Aquilin forest. 
Butler, Cuper. 

St. Arnulf, or Arnoul, of 
Soissons 

C. 1087 (Aug. 15). With a 
brewer's implement. {Cahier.) 
Wolf going before him into a 
town. {Icon. Sanct.) Prajring 
in a cave. {Callot.) Holding a 
bunch of hops. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Gall. Mart., etc. 

Bl. Arnulf de Cornibont 
ofVillars 

Mk. 1228 (June 30). Bom at 
Brussels. Was a lay brother in 
the Cistercian Abbey at ViUais. 
Bdg. Mart. 

St. Arnulph of the 
Cevennes 

c. 1074 (Sept. 19). Bishop of 
Gap. 

18 



St. Arontius 

M. (Sept. i). One of the twelve 
brothers, q.v. 

St. Arrow. See St. Mael- 
rubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Arsacius of Nico- 
media 

H. 358 (Aug. 16). Persian by 
birth, and keeper of the Em- 
peror's lions, he was converted 
by Licinius. Mod. Rom. Mart., 
Ado, Notker, etc. 

St. Arsenius of Scete 

H. c. 440 (July 19). Weaving 
baskets of palm leaves. {Fresco, 
Campo Santo, Pisa.) Gk. and 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

SS. Arsiclas and 
Yictoria of Cordova 

MM. c. 304 (Nov. 17). Crowned 
with roses. (C. Kunst. sym. 
Cat. Sanct.) 

St. Artemas of Puteoli 

M. N.D. (Jan. 25). A boy, 
he was martyred by being 
stabbed to death with stylae by 
his schoolfellows. St. Jerome. 

St. Artemius of Antioch 

M. c. 330 (Oct. 20). Heathen 
temple in flames. {Die Heili- 
genbild.) Crushed between two 
stones. {Old engraving.) Re- 
monstrating with the Emperor 
Julian. {Gueffier.) Butler, 

Theodoret. 

St. Artemius of Rome 

3rd cent. Companion of St. 
Paulina (June 6). 

St. Arthemius 

c. 570 (Apr. 28). Bishop of 
Sens. 

St. Asaph 

B.C. 6th cent. (May i). Pupil 
and successor of St. Kentigem, 
abbot of Llan Elwy. Butler, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Asclas of Hermo- 
polis 

M. c. 304 (Jan. 23). Tortured 
and drowned at Antinoe by the 
Governor Arrianus. Baring- 
Gould. 

St. Asclepias 

c. 217 (Oct. 18). Was Bishop 
of Antioch. 

St. Asclepiodotus 

M. Companion of St. Maximus 
(Sept. 15), q.v. 

St. Ascylus. See 
St. Arsiclas 

(Nov. 17). 

St. Asella of Rome 

c. 410 (Dec. 6). Of noble 
Roman birth and a pupil of St. 
Jerome. Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Aspasius 

0- 550 (Jan. 2). Was in priest's 
orders at Melun. 

St. Asprenius of Naples 

B.C. 1st cent. (Aug. 3). Said 
to have been baptized and con- 
secrated bishop by St. Peter. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Asterius of Amasea 

Abp. c. 400 (Oct. 30). Suc- 
cessor to EulaUus and a father 
of the Church. Butler, Photius, 
etc. 

St. Asterius of Ostia 

P.M. 222 (Oct. 21). Flung 
over a bridge into the Tiber by 
Alexander, Prefect of Rome. 
Usuardus, N other, Bede, Ado, 
Wandelhert, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Asterius 

M. (Aug. 23). Brother and 
companion of St. Claudius, q.v. 
Tortured to death by Lysias, 
Pro-consul of Cilicia. 

St. Asterius 

C. (Aug. 7). Companion of 
St. Marinus (Mar.| 3), q.v. Of 
senatorial ranlc. He was be- 
headed. 

St. Asyncritus of 
Hyeania 

B.M. (Apr. 8). Companion of 
St. Herodion, q.v., and Bishop 
of Hyrcania, where he suffered 
martyrdom. 

St. Athala. See 
St. Attala 

(Dec. 3). 

St. Athanasia 

W. Abs. 880 (Aug. 14). Weav- 
ing at loom, star over her. 
(Callot.) Star on breast. (Die 
Heil.) Our Lord appearing to 
her. [Gueffier.) 

St. Athanasia 

C. c. 450. Companion of St. 
Andronicus (Oct. 9), q.v. 

St. Athanasius of 
Alexandria 

Patr. B.C.D. 373 (May 2). 
As Greek Archbishop, with the 
paUiiun, standing between two 
columns, open book in hand. 
[Painting at Alexandria.) 
Heretics under his feet. {Old 
engraving.) In a boat on the 
Nile. (Cahier.) 

St. Athanasius of Italy 

872 (July 15). A bishop of 
Naples. 

St. Athanasius of 
Jerusalem 

D.M. c. 453 (July 5). Murdered 
in the Eutychian riots, insti- 
gated by the monk Theodosius. 
Rom. Mart. 



St. Athanasius of the 
Poloponesus 

9th cent. (Jan. 31). Bishop of 
Methone. 

SS. Athanasius and 
Anthusa of Tarsus 

MM. 257 (Aug. 22). Anthusa, 
a native of Seleucia, converted 
by Athanasius, Bishop of Tar- 
sus, became a recluse. Both 
were mart5T:ed under Valerian. 
Mod. Rom. and Gk. Marts. 

St. Athanasius 

M. Convert and companion of 
St Zosimus (Jan. 3), q.v. 

St. Athenogenes 

M. N.D. (July 14). Exe- 

cutioner attempting his Ufe. 
{Icon. Sand.) 

St. Athilda. See 
St. Alkelda 

(N.D.). 

St. Athracta of Con- 
naught 

V. 6th cent. (Feb. 9). Of 
noble birth, she was the daughter 
of Talan, of the family of 
Dalaradia, and sister of St. 
Coeman. Colgan, Lanigan. 

St. Attala of Strasburg 

V. Abs. 741 (Dec. 3). Dead, 
with one hand cut off. {Attrib. 
der Heil) Fr., Ger. and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Attalus 

M. 177 (June 2). On a red-hot 
stool. {Chris. Kunsfsymb.) 

St. Attalus of Italy 

626 (Mar. 10). An abbot of 
Bobbio. 

St. Attalus 

M. Companion of St. Pothinus 
(June 2), q.v. Was tortured and 
thrown to wild beasts. 

St. Atticus 

425 (Jan. 8). Succeeded St. 
Chrysostom as Patriarch of 
Constantinople. Rom. and Ger. 
Marts., Usuardus, Sozomen, etc. 

St. Attilan 

1009 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Za- 
morra. 

St. Aubert. See 
St. Ansbert 

(Feb. 9). 

St. Aubert or Autbert 

B.C. 669 (Dec. 13). With baker's 
peel. (Dalmatic, Ghent Cathe- 
dral ; Roodscreen, Wolborough.) 
Ass, with panniers of bread, 
purse on its neck. (Husenbeth.) 

St. Aubin. See 
St. Albinus 

(Mar. I). 

14 



St. Auctor 

6th cent. (Aug. 10). Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Auctor 

5th cent. (Aug. 20). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Audax 

M. Gaoler and companion of St. 
AnathoHa (July 9), q.v. 

SS. Audifax and 
Abachum, of Rome 

MM. 270 (Jan. 19). Tied to 
stake and torn with hooks. 
(Old engraving.) Butler, Bollan- 
dus, Tillemont, Chatelain, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Audoen. See 
St. Ouen 

(Aug. 24). 

St. Audobert 

c. 700 (Feb. 9). Was Bishop of 
Senlis. 

St. Audomarus. See 
St. Omer 

(Sept. 9). 

St. Audry. See 
St. Etheldreda 

(June 23). 

St. Aufried 

1008 (May 3). Bishop of 

Utrecht. 

St. Augulus of Britain 

B.M. (Feb. 7). Described as 
being martyred either at 
Augusta (possibly London) or 
at St. Albans. Butler, Hen- 
schinius, etc. 

St. Augurius 

D.M. Companion of St Frus- 
tuosus (Jan. 21), q.v. Biimt 
to death in the Valerian perse- 
cution. 

St. Augusta of Serra- 
valle 

V.M. c. 300 (Mar. 27). On a 
funeral pile, holding a sword. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Ferrarius. 

St. Augustine of Can- 
terbury 

B.C. Apostle to the English. 
604 (May 26). Baptizing Ethel- 
bert, Kmg of Kent. (Porter's 
Lives of Saints.) Obtaining by 
prayer a fountain for baptizing. 
(Cahier.) Ado, Hrabanus, Bede, 
Rom. and Eng. Marts. 

St. Augustine of Hippo 

B.C.Dr. 430 (Aug. 28). Hold- 
ing tall cross and flaming heart. 
(XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Holding flaming heart. 
(Altar-pieceby Wohlgemuth.) One, 
or two, arrows crossed in heart. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Washing feet 
of Christ, who appears as a pil- 
grim. (Cahier.) Holding a 



Saints and their Emblems 



heart pierced with an arrow. 
(National Gallery.) With an 
eagle. {Die Heiligenbild.) Child 
with spoon on seashore, at his 
feet ; crosier head ending in 
a flower. (XVI. cent, window, 
Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.) 
Child before him with a shell. 
(Callot.) A light from heaven, 
with the word " Veritas." (Old 
engraving.) All Marts. 

St. Augustine 

M. Brother and companion of 
St. Sanctianus (Sept. 6), q.v. 

St. Augustus 

c. 550 (Oct. 7.) Was Abbot of 
Bourges. 

StAuld. /See St. Aldate 

(June 14.) 

St. Aule. See 
St. Augulus 

(Feb. 7.) 

St. Aunarius or Aunaire 

B. c. 605 (Sept. 25). Of dis- 
tinguished family, he left the 
Court of Gontran, King of 
Burgundy, to study under Sya- 
garius. Bishop of Autun, and 
was consecrated Bishop of 
Auxerre, c. 570.. Butler, Labbe, 
Bailleit. 

St. Aurea of Paris 

V. Abs. c. 666 (Oct. 4). Hold- 
ing a nail. (Cahier.) In the 
sea, a millstone hung round her 
neck. (Callot.) Drawing hot 
coals out of an oven with her 
hands. (Cahier) Butler, Usuar- 
dus, Gall, and Mod. Rom. 
Marts., Felibien. 

St. Aurea of Ostia 

V. A companion of St. Cen- 
surinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Aurelian of Aries 

Abp. C. 551 (June 16.) Founder 
of a great monastery at Aries, in 
which he was aided by K. 
Childebert. Butler, Le Cointe, 
etc. 

St. Aurelian 

(May 8). Bishop of Limoges. 

St. Aurelius of Carthage 

Abp. 423 (July 20). A friend 
of St. Austin, he was promoted 
from the archidiaconate of Car- 
thage in 388. Butler, Baronius, 
BaUlet, etc. 

SS. Aurelius and 
Sabagotha, of Cordova 

MM. 852 (July 27). Husband 
and wife, parents of SS. Flora 
and Mary (Nov. 24), they were 
martyred by Moors. Rom. and 
Spn. Marts. 

SS. Aureus, B., and 
Justina, V., of Maintz 

MM. 451 (June 16). St. 
Aureus martyred at an altar. 
(Cahier). Mod. Rom. Mart. 



St. Auspicius of Gaul 

(Aug. 2). A bishop of Apte. 

St. Austell of Cornwall 

C. c. 620 (June 28). As a 
hermit, with rosary and staff. 
(Sculpture, St. Austell's Ch) 

St Austin. See 
St Augustine 

(Aug. 28). 

St. Austrebertha of 
Flanders 

V. 704 (Feb. 10). Cleaning 
out an oven with her sleeves. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Austremonius of 
Auvergne 

M. c 330 (Nov. i). Bishop of 
Clermont, and apostle to Au- 
vergne. St. Gregory of Tours, 
Tillem, Baillet. 

St. Austrude of Laon 

V. Abs. c. 750 (Oct 17). 
Daughter of St. Salaberga. Gall, 
and Bene. Marts., Mabillon, 
Bulteau. 

St. Autbert 

668 pec. 13). Succeeded Alde- 
bert as Bishop of Cambrai. Rom. , 
Gall, and Belg. Marts., Suvius. 

St. Autha 

M. Companion of St. Ammon- 
arium pec. 12), q.v. 

St. Autonomus 

B.M. 4th cent. (Sept. 12). 
Killed at the altar of his church 
at Sora in Paphlagonia. Gk. and 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Auxentius 

M. 307 pec. 13). Raven find- 
ing his martyred head. (Cahier.) 
Husenbeth. 

St. Auxentius 

H. in Bithynia. c. 470 (Feb. 
14). Son of Abdas, a Christian 
of Persia. Sozomen. 

St. Auxentius of Mop- 
suestia 

B. Early 4th cent. pec. 18). 
Refusing to sacrifice to Bacchus. 
(Icon. Sanct.) Baring-Gould. 

St. Auxibius of Cyprus 

B. of Lotias. c. 102 (Feb. 19). 
He was baptized and ordained 
by John Mark, after the mar- 
tyrdom of St. Barnabas. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Avangour. See 
St. Walburgis 

V. (Feb. 25). 

St. Aventine of 
Chateaudun 

B.C. 540 (Feb. 4). Taking a 
thorn from abear'sfoot. (Ikon.) 
Gall, and Rom. Marts., Usuardus. 

15 



St. Aventine 

H.M. 8th cent. (June 7). 
Martyred at Larbouste. Carry- 
ing head in his hand. (Baring- 
Gould.) Gall. Mart. 

St. Avertanus of 
Tuscany 

O.M.C. i6th cent. (Feb. 25). 

St. Avertine of Touraine 

D.C. 1189 (May 5). He 
attended St. Thomas of Canter- 
bury in exile and died at Vinzay. 
Butler. 

St. Avia or Aveze 

V.M. (May 6). Legends say 
that she was tortured by the 
Huns and exposed to Uons at 
Cologne. Gall. Mart. 

St. Avitus 

Ab. c. 530 (June 17). Dis- 
covered in soHtude by shepherd. 
(Gueffler.) Raising a monk to 
life. (Cahier.) Bearded, holding 
book and staff. (Statue, Chartres 
Cath.) Bede, Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Avitus of Vienne 

B.C. 524 (Feb. 5 and Aug. 20). 
Son of Hesychius, B. of Vienne, 
whom he succeeded in 490. 
Rom., Gall. & Ger. Marts., 
Usuardus. 

St. Avoice. See 
St. Hedwig 

(Oct. 17). 

St. Avy. See St. Avitus 

(June 17). 

St. Aya, Countess of 
Hainault 

7th cent. (Apr. 18). Wife of 
St. Hydulph, and relative of SS. 
Aldegund and WaJtrudis. Belg. 
Mart. 

St. Aygulfas 

B.C. c. 840 (Sept. I.) A hind 
near him (Cahier.) Husenbeth. 

St. Ayou. See 
St. Aigulf 

(Sept. 3). 

SS. Azades and Com- 
panions 

MM. c. 350 (Apr. 22). Mar- 
tjnred in Persia by order of Sapor. 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus, 
Lozo II. qto 14. 

St. Babolen 

Ab. c. 671 (June 26). He 
served the diocese of Paris in 
conjunction with St. Fursey and 
was appointed first Abbot of St. 
Maurs. Rom., Gall, and Belg. 
Marts. 

St. Babylus of Antioch 

B.M. c. 250 (Jan. 24.) Three 
boys with hun. (Cahier.) Rom. 
Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Bacchus 

M. Companion of St. Sergius 
(Oct. 7),g'.t;. Scourged. [Statuary, 
Chartres Cath.) 

St. Bademus of Persia 

Ab. M. 376 (Apr. 10). He 
founded a monastery near Beth- 
lapeta, where he was martyred 
by the sword. 

St. Bain 

B. c. 711 (Jime 20). Abbot 
of St. Vandrilles, and fifth Bishop 
of Terouanne. He translated 
the body of St. Amatus to Douai. 

St. Baithen 

c. 601 (June 9). An abbot of 
lona. Baring-Gould. 

St. Balbina 

V. 130 (Mar. 31). Chains of 
St. Peter in her hand. {Paint- 
ing. St. Balbina, Rome.) Kissing 
captive's chains. (Gueffier.) 
Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Baldechilde. See 
St. Bathild 

(Jan. 30). 

St, Balderic of Rheims 

C. c. 650 (Oct. 16). Brother of 
St. Bova, and son of Sigebert I., 
he founded a monastery at 
Fauquemont, near Rheims. Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Baldomerus. See 
St. Galmier 

(Feb. 27). 

St. Baldred 

B.C. c. 608 (Mar. 6). He suc- 
ceeded St. Mungo as Bishop of 
Glasgow, and died at Laudon. 
King, Lesley. 

St. Baldus. See 
St. Bond 

(Oct. 29). 

St. Baldwin 

O.P. N.D. B.V.M. offering 
him drink from two vessels. 
{Lib. S.S. Belgii O.P.) Husen- 



Bl. Baldwin of Laon 

M. 6th cent. (Jan. 8). Arch- 
deacon of Laon, he was the son 
of Basus, a noble, and St. Sala- 
berga, and brother of St. Astruda. 
Ger. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Balthazar 

K. 1st cent. (Jan. 11 and Dec. 
25). One of the Magi. Bearded, 
robe trimmed with ermine, offer- 
ing a covered cup to the Holy 
Infant. {Lucus v. Leyden, 
Antwerp Mus.) Col. Brev. 

St. Balther 

H. c. 750 (Mar. 6). Said to 
have lived as a solitary on the 
Bass Rock. He is said to 
be identical with St. Baldred, 
q.v. His relics, together with 
those of St. Bilfred, were trans- 
lated, in 1104, to the shrine of the 



Venerable Bede. Eng. and Scot. 
Marts., M. Westminster, Turgot 
of Durham, etc. 

St. Barachisius 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Jonas (Mar. 29), q.v. 

St. Baradatus of Syria 

H.C. c. 460 (Feb. 22). A con- 
temporary of Theodoret, Bishop 
of Cyr, he hved in a cell made of 
trellis-work. Gk. Men. 

St. Barbara 

V.M. c. 300 (Dec. 4). Holding 
tower and palm. {Window, 
Wrangle, Lines) Holding tower 
and palm. {Windows, Mont- 
morency and Auch.) Carrying 
a tower. {Window, Wintring- 
ham.) With a three-windowed 
tower. {Molanus.) Holding a 
monstrance in left hand, torch in 
right, wreath on head, supporting 
a church as a crown. {Window, 
Cossey Hall.) With toWer, 
trampling on a Saracen, lamb 
in front carrying a long feather. 
{Flemish Horae. ) With a tower, 
carrying peacock's feather. 
{Munich Gal.) Tower and 
chalice. {Ghirlandajo, Berlin Gal.) 
Tower building near her, book 
and pabn. {Haarlem, Van Eyck.) 
Tower with chaUce and Host in 
doorway. {Heures, F. Quentin, 
1552, St. Dominic, Siena.) 
Tower, her head Wreathed with 
roses. {Roodscreen, St. Gregory, 
Norwich.) Tower and palm. 
{Roodscreen, Somerleyton.) Hold- 
ing a sword, tower at side, chalice 
and Host above. {German prayer 
book.) ToWer with chalice in 
window. [M. Grunewald.) 
Tower at entrance, holding 
chahce and Host. {Munich 
Gall., Holbein.) Ring and palm. 
{Add. MS., British Museum.) 
Spear and palm. {Vienna 
Gallery, P. de Pistoja.) Burnt 
with torches. {Old etching.) 
Wearing crown set with a triple 
tower. {Museum, Rouen.) 
Cannon at her feet. {St. Maria, 
Formosa, Venice.) Tied to a 
stake, pierced with spears and 
burnt with torches. {XVI. cent. 
window, St. Patrice, Rouen.) 
Hung head downwards and torn 
with rakes. {Ibid.) 

St. Barbasceminus, 
B., and Companions 

MM. 346 (Jan. 14). Succeeded 
his brother, St. Sadoth, in the 
see of Selencia and Ctesiphon. 
Accused as an enemy of the 
Persian religion, imprisoned by 
King Sapor II., tortured and put 
to sword. Acta. Mart., Orient, 
per Steph., Assemani, T. i, p. 3. 

St. Barbatus of Bene- 
vento 

B.C. 682 (Feb. 19). Ordering 
a tree to be cut down. {Cahier.) 
Rom. Mart. 

16 



Bl. Bardo of Mainz 

Abp. 1053 (June 10 and 11). 
Tomb with cripples and crutches. 
{Cahier.) In a pulpit. {Cahier.) 

St. Barhadbesciabas 

D.M. 354 (July 24). Racked 
and decapitated at Arbela by 
Older of K. Sapor II. Assemani, 
T. I, p. 129. 

SS. Barlaam and 
Josaphat, of Caesarea 

MM. 304 fNov. 27). Praying in 
a cave. (Callot.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Barloke, or Burlok, 
of Norbury 

Ab. Bareheaded, with short 
crosier or baculum {XV. cent, 
window, Norbury Ch., Staffs.) 

St. Barnabas 

Ap. M. c. 53 (June 11). Hold- 
ing St. Matthew's Gospel. 
{Bonifacio.) Stoned. {Callot.) 
Pressing stone to breast. {Tab. 
de la Croix.) Burnt to death. 
{Der Heyl. Lib.) Three stones. 
Fire near him. {Old engraving.) 

St. Barr, Barrochus, or 
Barrus 

B.C. c. 620 (Sept. 25.) Accord- 
ing to legends he was a com- 
panion of St. David. He was 
the first Bishop of Cork, and died 
at Cloyne. Colgan, G. Camb. 

St. Barsanuphius 

H. c. 550 (Feb. 6 and Apr. 11). 
A companion of St. Doritheus, 
he left the monastery of St. 
Seridou and hved alone in a 
remote cell near Gaza. Evat- 
rius, Bulteau. 

St. Barsabias of Persia, 
Ab., and Companions 

MM. 342 Pec. II and Oct. 20). 
A disciple of St. Eugenius, tor- 
mented and martyr^, together 
with ten of his monks, by order 
of Sapor. Butler. 

St. Barsas of Edessa 

B.C. 2370 (Jan. 30). Banished 
to the Isle of Aradus by the 
Aryan Emperor Valens, and 
from thence to Egypt. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Barsimaes, or 
Barsaumus 

B.M. c. 114 (Jan. 30). He 
was the third Bishop of Edessa, 
mart3Ted by Lysias in the reign 
of Trajan. Rom. Mart., Gk. 
Men. 

St. Bartholomew the 
Apostle 

c. 50 (Aug. 24). Holding a knife 
and a flayed human skin. {XIV. 
cent. window, Grappenhall, 
Cheshire.) Flaying knife in 
hand. {XV. cent, window, 



Saints and their Emblems 



Wintringfiam.) Knife and book. 
{Window, N. Tuddenham) 
Knife in hand, trampling on 
devil. {Fhs. Sanct.) Healing 
Armenian princess. {Notre Dame, 
Paris.) Boimd to a pillar. 
{Gates of San Paolo.) Scroll with 
" Credo in Spiritum Sanctum." 
{Window, Fairford.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Bartholomew 

H. 1182 (June 24). A monk of 
Durham who Uved for forty-two 
years on the Island of Fame. 
Wilson. 

St. Bartholomew 

Ab. looi (Nov. II.) Support- 
ing a pillar, the rope for erect- 
ing it being broken. {Cahier.) 

St. Barypsabas 

H. N.D. (Sept. 10). Legends say 
that he carried a Holy Rehc (a 
bowl, containing the Blood of 
Christ), to Sancreon in Catarra. 
Gk. Men. 

St. Basil of Amasea 

B.M. c. 322 (Apr. 26). Executed 
for having saved a Christian 
maiden from the Emperor 
Licinius. Rom. and Copt. Marts., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Basil of Amcyra 

M. 363 (Mar. 22). Tom by a 
lioness. {Chris. Kunstsymb) 
Lioness by his side. {Ikon.) 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Basil the Great 

Abp. CD. 379 (June 14). 
Church in hand. {Cahier.) Dove 
perched on arm, a hand giving 
him a pen. {Callot.) Before a 
fire. {Attrib. der Heil.) Column 
of fire, dove at his head. {Old 
engraving.) Giving food to a poor 
man. {Cah^ier.) St. Mercvuius 
appearing to him holding a 
lance. {Cahier.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart., Ado, Usuardus. 

St. Basil the Less 

c. 952 (Mar. 26). Brought to 
land by dolphins. {Cahier.) 

SS. Basil and Emmelia, 
of Cappadocia 

c. 350 (May 30). Parents of SS. 
Basil the Great and Gregory 
Uyssen. 

SS. Basilides and 
Companions 

MM. c. 296 (June 12). Soldiers 
decapitated at Rome for refus- 
ing to persecute the Christians. 
Rom. Mart., Bede, Usuardus, 
Ado. 

St. Basilides 

M. Companion of St. Plutarch 
(June 28) q.v. Butler. 

St. Basiliscus of Pontus 

M. c. 312 (Mar. 3). Bishop of 
Comana, decapitated at Nico- 
media, with others, by the tyrant 
Maximinus Daia. Palladius, 
Sozomen. 



SS. Basilissa and 
Anastasia 

MM. c. 66 (Apr. 15). Burjmig 
martyrs. {Callot.) Feet, hands 
and head cut off. {Gueffier.) 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Basilissa of 
Nicomedia 

V.M. c. 309 (Sept. 3). A child, 
exposed to the Uons in the arena, 
who would not molest her. She 
Was then taken outside the city 
and executed. Rom. Mart., Gk. 
Men. 

St. Basilissa 

M. Companion of St. Julian 
(Jan. 9), q.v. 

St. Basilla of Rome 

V.M. 3rd cent. (May 20). Mar- 
tjnred on the Salarian Way, her 
relics were discovered in 1654, 
at the catacomb of St. Cjriacus. 
Rom. Mart., Usuardus, Ado, 
Notker, 

St. Basinus 

B. c. 672 (Mar. 4). Abbot of St, 
Maximin and Bishop of Treves. 
He was a friend of St. Willibrod; 
Treven, Colgan, Molandus. 

SS. Bassa of Larissa 
and Companions 

MM. c. 304 (Aug. 21). Wife of a 
pagan priest, she was martyred 
with her three young sons, in 
whom she had instilled the 
Christian faith. Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Bassian 

B.C. c. 413 (Jan. 19). A hind 
with her two fawns near him. 
{Cahier.) Raising a child to life. 
{Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Bathild 

Q. (Jan. 26 and 30). Before altar 
of B.V.M., two angels supporting 
a child on ladder. {Burgmaier.) 
Child with cross appearing to 
her. {Blaise) Broom in her 
hand. {Cahier.) Ladder, angels 
on it inviting her to heaven. 
{Cahier.) Church in hand. 
\Cahier.) Producing a fountain 
with her wand. {Cahier) Rom. 
Mart. 

SS. Bathus, P., and 
Yerca, and Companions 

MM. c. 3^0 (Mar. 26). A priest 
and his wife who, with their four 
children and some others, were 
burned in their church by the 
Goths. Their relics were con- 
veyed into Rumania. Gk. 
Men. 

St. Bavo of Ghent 

H. c. 654 (Oct. i). Presenting 
himself to St. Amand while 
giving alms. {National Gallery, 
Rubens) Sword and sceptre, 
hooded hawk near him. {De 
Levens der Heyl) In a hollow 

17 



tree. {Cahier) Great stone 
in his arms. {Ikon) With a 
small wagon. {Chris. Kunst- 
symb) Healing a man run over 
by a wagon. {Burgmaier) With 
staff and glove. {Dalmatic, 
Ghent Cathedral) Church in 
hand. {Cahier) Falcon on his 
hand. {Statue, Ghent Cathedral) 
Rom., Gall., Belg., York, Sarum 
and Hereford Marts., Mabillon) 

St. Baya 

V. Companion of St. Maura 
(Nov. 2), q.v. 

St. Bazas. See 
St. Zabdas 

(Feb. 19). 

St. Bean of Leinster 

B. c. 1012 (Dec. 16.) Appointed 
Bishop of Mortlach by Pope 
Benedict VIII. Rom and Celt. 
Marts., Dempster, Colgan. 

St. Bearaidhe. See 
St. Wiro 

(May 8). 

St. Beata 

M. Sister of St. Sanctianus 
(Sept 6). q.v. 

SS. Beatrix, Y., and 
Companions 

MM. c. 303 (July 29.) Cords 
in left hand, candle in right. 
{MS. Horae) Strangled with a 
rope. {Callot) A rope in her 
hand. {Ikon) Finding the two 
bodies of her martjTred brothers, 
SS. Simplicius and Faustinus. 
{Cahier) Butler, Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Beatus of Thun 

H. 7th cent. (May 9). Legends 
state that he went to Switzer- 
land from Britain with SS. 
Columbanus and Gall, and Uved 
in a cave on the Lake of Thun. 
Ger. Mart. 

St. Becan 

Ab. (Apr. 5). Son of Murchade 
and Cula, of Mimster, contem- 
porary with St. Columbkille. 
In the Life of St. Molossus he is 
named among the twelve apostles 
of Ireland. Colgan. 

St. Beccelin. See 
St. Bertelin 

(Sept. 9). 

The Yenerable Bede 

C. c. 734 (May 27). Holding up 
a pitcher ; Hght from heaven. 
{Old engraving) As a moiik, 
holding pen, inkhom and book. 
(Window, Tiverton) In dark 
blue habit, holding a book. 
{Window, Durham Cathedral) 

St. Bede of Gavello 

Mk. 883 (Apr. 10). He refused 
a bishopric, and died at GaveUo, 
his body being afterwards trans- 
lated to St. Benignus, Genoa. 
Gavello. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Bega, or Bees, of 
Cumberland 

V. c. 680 (Sept. 6 and Nov. i). 
She founded monasteries at 
Copeland, Heorthu and Hartle- 
pool. Aher., Wilson, Dempster. 

St. Beggha or Begga 

W. Abs. c. 650 (Dec. 17). As 
abbess, crowned, holding a 
monastery. {Chorographia Sancta 
Brabantice.) Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Belina of Landre- 
ville 

V.M. 1153 (Feb. 19). A peasant 
girl, stabbed to death by a noble 
whilst protecting her chastity. 

St. Bellinus 

B.M. 1149 (Nov. 26). Succeeded 
Sinibald in the see of Padua, 
and was assassinated by hire- 
lings of a noble who had been 
forced by the Bishop to pay 
tithes. Rom. Mart., F errata. 

St, Benedict of Monte 
Cassino 

Ab. 543 (Mar. 21). Devil each 
side of him, one pierced by his 
crosier. {Roodscreen, St. Andrew, 
Burlingham.) Cup on book. 
(Arbor Past.) Cup breaking, 
liquor spUt. {Columnae milit. 
Eccl.) Cup with serpents on 
book. [Lib. Cronicarum.) Raven 
at his feet, cross in his hand. 
{Tab. de la Croix.) Raven with 
loaf in beak. [ColumncB milit. 
Eccl.) RoUing in thorns. [Cat. 
Sanct.) Raven on stick in 
his hand. {Window, Gouda Ch.) 
With a pitcher. {Chris. Kunst- 
symb.) With a baU of fire. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Bell broken 
by devil. {Cahier.) Book in left 
hand, bundle of rods in right. 
{A. de Fiesoli.) Cross in hand, 
raven at side. {St. Benedict's 
medal.) Presenting his heart to 
B.V.M. {Palais de Com., Lyons.) 
Asperges brush. {Perugino.) Sieve 
at feet. {Crosier, E. Bergholt.) 
A broken sieve. {A. W. Zingaro, 
Naples.) Rom. and Bene. Marts.. 
Gk. Men., Bede, St. Gregory II. 

St. Benedict of Anian 

Ab. 821 (Feb, 12). Giving the 
habit to St. William of Aquitaine. 
{Acad. Bologna, Guercino.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Benedict Biscop of 
Canterbury 

Ab. 690 (Jan. 12). In episcopal 
vestments, holding crosier and 
open book. {XV. cent, window, 
Wintringham.) Standing by 
River Tjme, two monasteries in 
sight. {Print by Hollar.) William 
of Malmesbury, Bede, Montalam- 
bert. 

Bl. Benedict, Joseph 
Labre ' 

C. 1783 (Apr. 16). Beggar shar- 
ing aims with other poor. 
{Cahier.) 



St. Benedict of 
Hungary 

M. 9th cent. Eagle hovering 
over his body, thrown into the 
River Waag. {Cahier.) Husenbeth. 

Bl. Benedict of Palermo 

C. 1589 (Apr. 3). Negro in 
Franciscan habit, in his hand 
an inflamed heart. {Old engrav- 
ing.) 

St. Benedict II. 

Po. 685 (May 7.) A Roman by 
birth, he succeeded Pope Leo II., 
was crowned, 684, and reigned 
nine months. Rom. Mart. 

St. Benedict XI. 

Po. 1304 (July 7). Bom at 
Treviso, 1240, succeeding Boni- 
face VIII. in 1303, he pacified 
Denmark and reconciled Venice 
and Padua. Reigning only 
eight months, he died at 
Perugia. 

St. Benet, or Benezet, 
of Avignon 

C. 1184 (Apr. 14). Builder of 
the famous bridge across the 
Rhone at Avignon, upon which 
he was sepultured. Bollandus, 
Papbroke. 

St. Benignus of Armagh 

Abp. 468 (Nov. 9.) Abbot of 
DrumUas, and disciple of St. 
Patrick, whom he succeeded in 
the see of Armagh. Celt. Mart., 
Colgan, Ware. 

St. Benignus of Dijon 

M. c. 180 (Nov. i). Idol before 
him fallen and broken. {Calbt.) 
Holding a key. {Coin of his 
Abbey, Piedmont.) Dogs by his 
side. {Ikon.) Cross saltire be- 
hind him. {Cahier.) Rom., Ger. 
and Gall. Marts., Usuardus, 
Bede. 

St. Benignus of Rome 

M. (Apr. 3). In armour on 
horseback with banner. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Benignus 

Dn. Companion of St. Vincent 
(June 6), q.v. 

St. Benjamin 

Dn. M. c. 450 (Mar. 31). Trans- 
fixed with stake. {Callot.) Gk. 
Men., Mod. Rom. Mart., Theo- 
doret. 

St. Bennet. See 
St. Benedict Biscop 

(Jan. 12). 

St. Benno 

B.C. 1106 (June 16). With two 
keys, fish hanging to them, sup- 
ported by an angd. {Bavaria 
Pia.) Fish on a hook and two 
keys. {Bilder Legende.) Fish, 
with church key in mouth. 
{Attrib. der Heil) Fish, with 

18 



key tied round its neck, his eyes 
picked out. (Cahier.) Rom. and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Berach 

Ab. c. 615 (Feb. 15). Baptized 
by St. Froeck, founded monas- 
tery of Clon-Cairpthe ia Ireland. 
Celt. Kal. 

St. Bercharius 

Ab. M. 685 (Oct. 16). A barrel 
near him. (Cahier.) Gall, and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Berenice 

M. Companion of St. Domrina 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Berlinda 

V. (Feb. 3). A cow near her. 
(Cahier, Meerbeeke Ch.) Molanus, 
Usuardus, Wyon. 

St. Bernard of 
Clairvaux 

Ab. 1153 (Aug. 20). White dog 
at his feet. {Window, Cossey 
Hall.) White dog with red back. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) B.V.M. and 
Infant appearing to him. (Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Three mitres on a 
book. (Garofalo.) With devil 
on chain, white dog at foot. 
(Isab. Brev., Brit. Mus.) B.V.M. 
with Infant appearing to him 
and giving him milk from her 
breast. (Primer 1516 and Stained 
Glass.) With a beehive, and 
"Doctor Mellifluus." (Dresden 
Gallery.) Writing, angel holding 
his crosier. (A. Mochetti.) 
KneeUng, receiving Christ from 
the Cross in his arms. (Window, 
Vincent Collection.) 

St. Bernard of Menthon 

C. 1008 (June 15). Escaping by 
a window from his father's 
mansion. (Cahier.) Binding evil 
spirit. (F. Baromaeus.) Prisoner 
in castle, delivered by St. 
Nicholas. (Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Bernard of Tironio 

C. 1109 (Mar. 12). Turner's 
lathe and tools. (Ikon.) A wold 
bringing him a strayed sheep. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Asleep, ms 
light falling from his hand. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Bernard de Alzira, 
and Companions 

MM. c. 1180 (Aug. 21). Son of 
a Moorish prince, baptized by 
Abbot GrimaJd, near Lerida, 
decapitated with his two sisters 
in a wood by Moors. Span, and 
Cist. Marts. 

Bl. Bernard Ptolemy 

C. 1348 (Aug. 21). As abbot with 
crosier, in the curve of which ai« 
two olive branches rising out of 
three mounds, surmounted by a 
cross. (Cahier.) Holding three 
mounds surmounted by a banner, 
with figure rising from a crown. 
(Raphael) Holding three mounds 



Saints and their Emblems 



surmounted by cross banner. 
{Siena Sch., Vatican.) Vision of 
monks led up ladder by aagels. 
(Colum. milit. Eccl.) 

St. Bernardin of Sienna 

C. d. 1444 (May 20). Holding 
radiant I H S. in right hand, 
open book in left wifii "Pater 
manifestari nomentuum homini- 
bus " ; three mitres at foot. 
{National Gallery, A. Bonvicino.) 
Holding a banner with I H S 
radiant. (P. Laurati, Golden 
Legende, Caxton, Cat. Sand., 
Lib. Chron.) B.V.M. appearing 
to him over the gate of a prison. 
{Callot.) Book in right hand, 
three mitres at feet, radiant I H S 
in left hand. (Flemish window.) 

Bl. Berno 

920 (Jan. 13). Abbot of Climy. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Bernulf 

M. c. 850 (Mar. 24). Bishop of Aste. 

St. Bernward 

B. c. 1022 (Nov. 20 and Oct. 26). 
Church in hand. {Cahier.) 
Church in hand. (Crosier, 
Hildesheim Cath.) Short cross in 
his hand. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Hammer, making a chalice. 
Making a jewelled cross, angel 
finishing it for him. (Passionael.) 
Rom. Mart., Suvius. 

St. Beronike. See 
St. Veronica 

(July 12). 

St. Bertelin 

H. c. 750 (Sept. 9). Disciple of 
St. Guthlac, hved in the forest 
near Stafford and was buried in 
Croyland Abbey. Wyon, Men- 
ardus, Wilson, Capgrave. 

St. Bertha 

W. Abs. c. 725 (July 4). Kneel- 
ing with daughter at altar. 
(Gueffler.) Church in hand. 
(Cahier.) St. Peter directing her 
where to find water for her 
monastery. (Cahier.) Gall, and 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Bertha 

V.M. 7th cent. (May i). Abbess 
of Avenay, in the diocese of 
Chalons-sur-Mame. 

Bl. Bertha 

Mother of St. Rupert (May 15), 
q.v. 

St. Bertham of Orkney 

c. 839 (Apr. 6). Bishop of Kirk- 
Wall. Baring-Gould. 

St. Berthold 

Ab. c. 1142 (July 27). Fishes 
coming to him. (Bavaria Pia.) 
Angel with fish on a plate. 
(Acta Sanct.) Carrying fish and 
bread. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Bertilia 

W. 687 (Jan. 3.) , She btiilt the 
great church at Marolles, in 
which she was buried. Belg. 
and Gall. Marts., MS. at Marolles 



St. Bertilia 

Abs. c. 706 (Nov. 5). Appointed 
first abbess of Chdles by Queen 
Bathild. Rom. Gall., Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Bertinus of St. Omer 

Ab. c. 709 (Sept. 5). A boat in 
his hands. (Cahier.) Rom., Bene., 
Gall., Sarum, York and Hereford 
Marts. 

St. Bertoara 

V. c. 689 Pec. 12). Of noble 
parents, she founded a monas- 
tery at Bourges, under the rule 
of St. Columbanus, where she 
died. Gall Mart. 

St. Bertran 

B. c. 623 (July 3). Appointed 
archdeacon by St. Germain, 
afterwards succeeding Balde- 
gisU in the see of Mans. Pape- 
broke, Baillet, Gregory of Tours. 

St. Bertrand of 
Comminges 

B. c. 1123 (Oct. 16). Trained in 
the Abbey of Escale Dieu, he 
became a soldier, but returned 
to a religious life, becoming 
Canon of Toulouse and Bishop 
of Comminges. Gall. Mart. 

St. Bertuin 

B.C. c. 650 (Nov. 11). Five 
churches near him. (Cahier.) 

St. Bertulf 

Ab. c. 700 (Feb. 5). Changing 
water into wine. (Ikon). Ship 
in hand. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Eagle sheltering him from rain. 
(Christ. Kunstsymb.) Giving 
alms. (Cahier.) Usuardus, Bede. 

St. Besas 

M. A Roman soldier and com- 
panion of St. Julian (Feb. 27), q.v. 

St. Bettelin. See 
St. Bertelin 

(Sept. 9). 

St. Beuno 

Ab. C. c. 650. (Apr. 21). A 
native of Powys, he founded 
monasteries in Anglesey and at 
Cljmnoc in Caernarvon, where he 
was buried. 

St. Beuve. See 
St. Bova 

(Apr. 24). 

St. Beztert 

B.M. 1046 (n.d.) a sword and 
stones. (Cahier.) 

St. Biagio. See 
St. Blaise 

(Feb. 3.) 

St. Bibiana 

V.M. 363 pec. 2). Dagger and 
palm. (St. Bibiana, Rome.) 
Branch in her hand. (Cahier.) 
Bound to a pillar, scourged. (P. 
da Cortona, St. Bibiana, Rome.) 
Rom. Mart., Ado, N other. 

19 



St. Bilfred or Billfrith 

H. A goldsmith, companion of 
St. Balther (Mar. 6 and Feb. 19), 

St. Bilhild 

W. Abs. c. 716 (Nov. 27). 
Church in hand. (Cahier.) Ger., 
Gall, and Bene. Marts. 

St. Binen. See 
St. Benignus 

(Nov. 9). 

St. Birinus 

B.C. c. 654 pec. 3). Holding 
chaUce, flagon and sacred wafer. 
(Xll.^cent. window, Dorchester 
Abbey] Oxford.) Walking on sea, 
carrying Blessed Sacrament. 
(Callot.) Giving sight to the 
bUnd. (Icon. Sanct.) Rom. and 
Hereford Marts., Bede Hi. 7, 
Wend., F. Wore, H. Hants. 

St. Blaise 

B.M. c. 316 (Feb. 3). Wool-comb 
in hand, (Coins of Ragusa. Win- 
dow, Christ Ch. Cath., Oxford.) 
Extracting thorn from child's 
throat. (Frecso, St. Clement, 
Rome.) Two wool-cards by his 
side. (Arbor Past.) Torch in 
hand. (Lib. Chron., Primer, 1516.) 
Crosier and taper. (Bonn. Cath.) 
Tom with iron combs, pinioned 
with rope. (XVI. cent, window, 
Montmorency.) Chorister holding 
a taper by him. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Blessing wild beasts. (Cahier.) 
Bird bringing him food. (Callot.) 
Boar's head brought him in 
prison. (Das Passional.) Dis- 
covered hy hunters in cave. 
(Gueffier.) In cave, faWn by him. 
(Blaise.) Two wool-combs and 
a book. (XV. cent, window, 
Payhembury, Devon.) A wool- 
comb, wearing mitred tiara. 
(XV. cent, window, Ludlow, 
Salop.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Blaitamac and 
Companions 

MM. 793 (Jan. 19). An abbot 
in Scotland who, refusing to be- 
tray the treasures of his church, 
was, together with all his monks, 
put to death by Danish pirates. 
Walfridus Strabo, Canisius 
Antig. Led., etc. 

St. Blanda 

M. Companion of St. Calepodius. 
(May 10), q.v. 

St. Blandina 

V.M. 177. Companion of St. 
Pothinus (June 2), q.v. Tied to 
pillar, hon and bear. (Callot.) 
Ox near her (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Tossed by bull in amphitheatre, 
(Old engraving.) 

St. Blane 

B. c. 580 (Aug. 10). A pupil, in 
Ireland, of SS. Comgall and 
Kenneth, he returned to Scot- 
land in a boat without oars and 
afterwards became Bishop of 
Bute. Colgan, Leland. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St, Blazey or Blazius. 
Bee St. Blaise 

(Feb. 3). 

St. Bleiddan. See 
St. Lupus 

(July 29). 

St. Blida 

N.D. Mother of St. Walstan. 
Crowned, holding book and 
palm. {Roodscreen, St. James, 
Norwich.) 

St. Bodagisl 

C. 588 (Dec. 18). Husband of 
St. Oda and f atherof St. Amoald, 
he built the monastery of St. 
Martin aux Chenes. G. Tours, 

via. 22. 
St. Boisil 

C. d. 664. (Feb. 23). Prior of 
Melrose and teacher of St. 
Cuthbert, his remains were trans- 
lated to Durham. 

St. Bolcan 

Ab. N.D. (July 4). A disciple of 
St. Patrick and Abbot of 
Kilmore, where he was buried. 
Colgan. 

St. Bolcan. See 
St. Olcan 

(Feb. 20). 

St. Bolio of Provence 

C. 985 (May 22). A soldier and 
protector of his country against 
the Moors. Acta Sand. 

St. Bolonia 

V.M. c. 362 (Oct. 16). Amaiden 
of ExpiUy, Haute Mame, tor- 
tured and put to death by an 
officer of Julian the Apostate. 
Gall. Mart. 

St. Bon. See 
St. Bonitus 

(Jan. 15.) 

St. Bona or Bova 

V. O.M.C. 1207 (May 29 and 
Apr. 24). Short double-barred 
cross in her joined hands. 
(Atirib. der Heil.) 

St. Bonaventura 

B.CD. 1274 (July 14). Kneeling 
before radiant crucifix (Hue- 
berus.) As bishop holding 
cardinal's hat. (Louvre, P. de C. 
Roselli.) As friar, cardinal's hat 
near him. (Solitaire.) As Fran- 
ciscan friar, holding pyx. 
(Spagna.) Blessed Sacrament 
over his head. (Crivella.) Re- 
ceiving the Holy Eucharist from 
angel. (Callot.) Receiving rosary 
from B.V.M. (Cahier.) Rom. 
and Frans. Marts. 

Bl. Bonavitta 

C. 1375 (Mar. i). A blacksmith 
of Lugo in Italy. Baring-Gould. 

St. Bond 

Pen. c. 620 (Oct. 29). Having 
unintentionally caused the 
death of his parents, he pro- 



ceeded to Sens, where St. Arte- 
mius gave him his staff, with 
instructions to plant and water 
it daily. "When this dry staff 
shall put forth buds and flowers, 
then shall thy sin be forgiven 
thee." Gall. Mart. 

St. Bonet. See 
St. Bonitus 

(Jan. 15). 

St. Boniface of Italy 

6th cent. (May 14). Bishop of 
Ferento. 

St. Boniface of 
Lausanne 

B. 1265 (Feb. 19). Son of a gold- 
smith at Cantersteen, trained 
in the Cistercian monastery of 
Cambre, near Brussels, he after- 
wards taught at Paris and 
Cologne before his consecration 
as Bishop of Lausanne. Molanus. 

St. Boniface of Mainz 

M. Abp. 755 (June 5). In 
pontificals, with pallium and 
crosier, three kings before him, 
placing crowns on two of them 
(Mayence Oath.) Book pierced 
with sword. (Coins of Abbey of 
Fulda, Arbor Past.) With a 
scourge. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Hand reaching him a cross. 
(Burgmaier.) Beaten to death 
with a club. (Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Sword on a book, striking water 
out of ground with archiepis- 
copal cross. (De Levens der 
Heyl.) As bishop felling an 
oak. (Church, Munich.) Angel 
bringiag him a fish, behind lum 
an axe laid at the foot of an oak. 
(Old engraving.) Rom. Mart., 
Bede, Usuardus, Hrabanus, Ado. 

St. Boniface Quiritine 

B. c. 650 (Mar. 14.) Said to 
have been an Israelite descended 
from St. Radia, sister of the 
Apostles Peter and Andrew, he 
was Bishop of Ross in Scotland 
and founder of 150 churches, 
including that of St. Peter at 
Rosmarkyn, in which he was 
buried. Butler, Aber. Brev., 
D. Camerarius, H. Boece. 

St. Boniface of Rome 

M. 290 (May 14). A servant to 
Aglae, daughter of the pro- 
consul Acacius, he was tortured 
and decapitated, Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Boniface I. of Rome 

Po. C. 422 (Oct. 25). Successor 
to Zosimus in the Pontificate. 
Mod. Rom. Mart., Butler, Bede, 
Baronius, etc. 

St. Boniface lY. 

Po. C. 615 (May 25.) Dedicat- 
ing the Pantheon. (Cahier.) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Boniface of Russia 

M. Abp. 1009 (June 19). Walk- 
ing throughfireunhurt. (Cahier.) 

20 



St. Boniface of Tarsus 

M. c. 307 (May 14). Reeds 
thrust under his nails. (Callot.) 
In cauldron of boiling oil. 
(Old engraving). Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men., Butler. 

St. Boniface, of Treves, 
and Companions 

MM. c. 303 (Oct. 4). This 
legend of martyrdom was prob- 
ably founded on the discovery 
of relics in 1071. A cross stands 
before the church of St. Paulinus 
on the site of the supposed 
martyrdom, but the whole story 
is probably apocryphal. Gall, 
and Ger. late Marts. 

St. Boniface 

Dn. M. Companion of St. 
Liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Boninsegnis 

C. Dominican, two-handed saw 
cleaving his head, palm in 
hand. (Predella, A . da Fiesoli.) 

St. Bonitus of Clermont 

B.C. d. 710 (Jan. 15). He was 
Chancellor to King Sigebert III. 
of Austrasia, Governor of Pro- 
vence, and succeeded hisbrother, 
St. Avitus II., as Bishop of 
Clermont in Auvergne. Butler, 
Bollandus, le Cointe an 699. 

SS. Bonosus and 
Maximilian, of Antioch 

MM. 363 (Aug. 21). St. Bonosus 
prajdng under a tree. (T'bosch.) 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus.) 

St. Boris. See 
St. Romanus 

(Sept. 5). 

St. Bosa of North- 
umbria 

B.C. 678 (Mar. 9). OntherecaU 
of St. Wilfred he was ordained 
Bishop of York by St. Theodore 
of Canterbury in 678, retiring 
in favour of his predecessor in 
700, and again replacing him on 
his second removal. Wilson, 
Bede. 

St. Botulph, or Botolph, 
of Boston (Botulph's 
Town) 

Ab. 655 (June 17). Church or 
monastery in hand. (Newcourt's 
Rep.) Seated, book in left hand, 
right raised ; bishop on either 
side below, a church with star 
and crescent above it. (Ch. 
House, Westminster.) Butler, 
Rom., Bene. andEng. Marts. 

St. Botvid of Sweden 

M. HOC (July 28). Formtain 
where his blood falls. (Cahier.) 
Swed. Mart. 

SS. Bova and Doda, of 
Rheims 

W. and Abbesses. 673 (Apr. 
24). St. Bova, sister of St. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Baldine, was founder and first 
abbess of the nunnery of the 
Blessed Virgin at Rheims. She 
was succeeded by her niece, St. 
Dodo. Butler, Flodoard, Bol- 
landists. 

St. Bradan 

B.C. 7th cent. (Oct. 20). Re- 
puted to be the deventh bishop 
of the Isle of Man, he has given 
his name to Kirk Bradan, near 
Douglas. Baring-Gould. 

St. Braulio 

B.C. 646 (Mar. 26). Bishop of 
Saragossa, and an intimate 
friend of St. Isidore of Seville. 
Butler, Rom. and Saragossa 
Marts. 

St. Breacha, or Breague, 
of Hayle 

V. 5th or 6th cent. (June 4). 
A disciple of St. Patrick and 
a missionary from Ireland to 
Cornwall, she landed at Reyver 
and lived as a recluse on the 
east bank of the River Hayle. 
She is described as a companion 
of St. la (Oct. 27), q.v. Butler, 
Ancient Exeter Mart., Borlase 
and Leland. 

St. Bregwin of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. C. 762 (Aug. 26). An 
Anglo - Saxon disciple of St. 
Theodore, consecrated Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury on the 
death of Cuthbert. Wilson, 
Menardus, Mayhew. 

St. Brendan (the Elder) 
of Clonfert 

Ab. 578 (May 16). Addressing 
monks, with a branch in his 
hand. (Passionel.) Butler, Celt. 
Mart. 

St. Brice of Tours 

B. 443 (Nov. 13). In crimson 
robe. {XV. cent, window, 
Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Carrying 
coals in vestments, infant on 
ground near him. {C allot, 
Gueffler.) Canying coals in cope, 
archiepiscopal cross in hand. 
{Window, Langley Hall,Norfolk.) 
Delivered from prison by angd 
and St. Peter. {Cahier.) Fire 
in his lap. {Weyen.) Burning 
coals in his hand. {Husenbeth.) 
Butler, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Fortunatus, Bede, St. Gregory of 
Tours, Ado, Usuardus, etc. 

St. Bridget of Holland 

O.P. N.D. Receiving the sacred 
stigmas. {Lib. SS. Belgii O.P., 
Woodchester.) 

St. Bridget, or Bride, of 
Kildare 

V. Abs. 523 (Feb. i). Holding 
a cross and casting out a devil. 
{Old engraving.) Flames over 
her head. {Cahier.) Bam near 
her. {Attrib der Heil.) Bunch 
of com in her hand. {Passionel.) 



Branch in hand. {Cahier.) 
Hanging her mantle on sun- 
beam. {Cahier.) Laying her 
hand on altar. {Cahier.) Kned- 
ing, pan of milk in hands, cow 
at her side. {Cahier.) As abbess, 
cow by her side. {Seal Coll. Ch., 
Abernethy.) Restoring a man's 
hand cut off. {Burgmaier.) 
Butler, Bollandists, etc. 

St. Bridget of Sweden 

W. 1373 (Oct. 8). Cross, cap 
and wallet. {Lib. Cronicarum.) 
Pilgrim's staff and bottle. {Arbor 
Past.) Crowned, crosier, book 
and chain in hands. {Roodscreen, 
Westhall.) Taper dropping wax 
on her hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Holding a heart marked with 
cross. {Cahier.) Our Saviour 
appearing to her with symbols 
of Passion. {Primer 1516.) 
Red Jerasalem crucifix in her 
hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) Kneel- 
ing before a crucifix and devU 
flying off. {Callot.) Crowned, 
dove over her head, open book 
before her. {Oratorium Finstead, 
Roodscreen, Kenn.) Crowned 
figure appearing to her. {Husen- 
beth.) Rom. Mart., Heylot. 

St. Bridget 

V.M. Companion of St. Maura 
(July 13), q.v. 

St. Brieuc or Brieruc. 
See St. Brioch 

(May i). 

St. Brinstan 

B. 934 (Nov. 4). Successor to 
Trithestan as Bishop of Win- 
chester. Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Godwin. 

St. Brioch, or Brio- 
machus, of Brittany 

B.C. c. 502 (May i). Fiery 
pillar above him. {Chris. Kunst- 
symb.) Carrying three purses. 
{Cahier.) Treading on dragon. 
{Window, St. Serge Angers.) 
Butler, Baring-Gould, Lobineau. 

St. Brithwald of Wessex 

c. 1045. Described as " Bishop 
of Wilton." 

St. Britwald of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 731 (Jan. 9). Abbot of 
Glastonbury, he resigned and 
came to the little monastery of 
Reculver in Thanet, whence he 
was consecrated Archbishop in 
693. Butler, Bede, Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Roger of Hoveden, 
Matthew of Westminster. 

St. Britwin 

Ab. 733 (May 15). Abbot of 
Beverley, he received and enter- 
tained till his death St. John 
of Beverley after his retirement 
from the bishopric of York. 
Wilson, Mayhew, Menardus, 
John of Tynemouth. 

21 



St. Bronacha, or 
Bronanna, of Ireland 

V. Abs. N.D. (Apr. 2). Abbess 
of KUl-sechis, she became titular 
saint of the parish of Kill 
Bruncha (Dromore). Butler, 
Colgan. 

SS. Brothen and 
Gwendoline, of Wales 

7th cent. (Oct. 18 or 15). St. 
Brothen is said to be the founder 
of Llanfrothen. Two churches 
are dedicated to St. Gwendoline, 
Llanwydddan (Montgomery- 
shire) and Dolwyddelan (Car- 
narvonshire). Her festival is 
sometimes given as Aug. 22. 
Nothing is known of their lives. 
The Memorial of Ancient British 
Piety (London, 1761). 

St. Bruno of Cologne 

C. iioi (Oct. 6). Seated, with 
mitre and crosier at his feet 
and an olive branch in his hand. 
{Old Flemish stained glass 
panel.*) Crucifix with leaves 
and flowers at the ends. {Tab. 
de la Croix.) Crucifix before 
him, scroU with "0 bonitas" 
issuing from his mouth. {Baring- 
Gould.) Cross fohated with 
oHve leaves. {Ibid.) Crucifix 
on a palm branch. {Choro. 
Sacra Brabantice.) Crucifix, 
foUage springing from it. {Col. 
mint. Eccl.) Star on his breast, 
crucifix in his hand, globe under 
his feet. {Attrib. der Heil:) 
ChaHce and Host in his hand. 
{Cahier.) Rom. and Carthusian 
Marts. 

St. Bruno of Grermany 

1155 (May 17). A bishop of 
Wiirzburg. 

St. Bruno of Piedmont 

c. II22 (July 18). Was nomi- 
ated Bishop of Segni by Pope 
Gregory VII. Butler, Mabillon, 
Marchesi, Solier. 

St. Bruno, of Prague, 
and Companions 

MM. 1008 (Feb. 14). A monk 
of Magdeburg and kinsman to 
Ditmar, Bishop of Prague, he 
succeeded St. Adalbert as 
missionary to the Lithuanians, 
who cut off his hands and feet 
and murdered his eighteen com- 
panions. Rom. Mart. 

St. Bruno of the Rhine 

Abp. 965 (Oct. 11). Archbishop 
of Cologne. 

St. Bruno. See 
St. Boniface 

(June 19). 

St. Brynjolf, or Brynoth, 
of Sweden 

1317 (Feb. 6 or May 9). Son of 
iUgoth Folctmg, he was twenty- 
third Bishop of Skara. Butler, 
Benzelius, Messenius. 
* See Frontispiece. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Bucolus of Asia 
Minor 

c. 100 (Feb. 6). Bishop of 
Smsnma. 

St. Budoc of Brittany 

B. 7th cent. (Nov. 19 and 
Dec. 9). Reputed to be a son of 
Azenor, Countess of Goelo, and 
to have been at one time Abbot 
of Youghal. He was probably 
a recluse at Porspoder or Plowin 
(Leon) before he became Bishop 
of Dol. Gall. Mart. 

St. Burchard of 
Wiirzburg 

B.C. 754 (Oct. 14). Sacred Host 
in hand. (Ikon.) Episcopal 

, vestments. (Antechap., Mag. 
Coll., Oxon.) Butler, Rom. and 

^Ger. Marts. 

St. Burgundofara. See 
St. Fara 

Pec. 7.) 

St. Burian, or Buriana, 
of Cornwall 

V. (June 4). Of Irish birth, she 
was probably a companion of 
St. la (Oct. 27), q.v. King 
Athelstan built a church and 
college in her honour at or near 
the Land's End. Butler, Borlase, 
the Rev. J. Adams, in No. 14 of 
the Journal of the Royal Institu- 
tion of Cornwall, 1873. 

St. Buridas 

Ch. M. Companion of St. 
Romanus (Nov. 18), q.v. 

St. Buryan. See 
St. Burian 

(June 4). 

St. Cadfarch of Wales 

C. c. 550 (Oct. 24). Son of 
Caradoc Vreichvras and brother 
of SS. Thangwn and Maehtlu, he 
is said to have studied under St. 
Iltutus, and to have founded 
churches at Penegos and 
Abererch. Baring-Gould. 

St. Cadoc, or Cadocus, 
of Wales 

Ab. c. 540 (Jan. 24). A son of 
St. Gundleus, of Wales, and 
his wife Gladusa, he studied 
under St. Tathai at Gwent, 
afterwards founding the mon- 
asteries of Llancarvan and Llan- 
iltut. Butler, Usher, Capgrave, 
Chatelain. 

St. Cadroe or Cadore 

Ab. c. 975 (Mar. 6). Of Scots 
birth, son of the Laird of Foker- 
strach, he took the monastic 
habit of St. Bennets (Loire), 
afterwards reforming the mon- 
astery of St. Clement at Metz. 
Butler, Heuschenius, Mabillon, 
Calmet. 

St. Caecilius of 
Carthage 

C. 211 (Junes). Of pagan birth, 
he was converted at Rome, 



afterwards himself converting 
St. Cyprian. Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Caecilius, of Spain, 
and Companions 

MM. ist cent. (Feb. i). St. 
Caecilius was Bishop of Elvira. 

St. Caecilius 

B. (Feb. i). Companion of St. 
Torquatus (May 15), q.v. 

St. Caesaria of Aries 

v. c. 530 (Jan. 12). She was 
Superior of a convent erected 
by her brother, St. Caesarius, 
at Aries, battered down by 
Theodoric. Baring-Gould. 

St. Caesarius of Aries 

B. 542 (Aug. 27). Hid in a cave, 
angels extinguishing flames in 
a burning city. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Met by people with tapers. 
(Callot, Gueffier.) As a child, 
giving his clothes to the poor. 
(Weyen.) Rom. and Gall. Maris. 

St. Caesarius of 
Bithynia 

C. 369 (Feb. 25). Physician to 
Jiilian the Apostate and brother 
of St. Gregory Nazianzen. 
Butler, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

SS. Caesarius, Dn., and 
Julian, P., of Terracina 

MM. c. 300 (Nov. i). Thrown 
into the sea in a sack during the 
Diocletian persecution. Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Bede, Ado, N other, 
Fronto le Due Sacramentary of 
St. Gregory. 

St. Caesarius 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Caesidius of the 
Abruzzi 

P.M. 310 (Aug. 31). Martyred 
at Transaqui. 

St. Cagnoald, or Cagnov, 
of Laon 

B. c. 635 (Sept. 6). Son of 
Agneric, Count of Meaux, and 
brother to SS. Faro and Fara, 
with whom he was converted by 
St. Columbanus, and succeeded 
Richebert, Bishop of Laon. 
Gall., Bene, and Paris Marts. 

St. Cainec. See 
St. Kenny 

(Oct. II). 

St. Caius 

Po. 296 (Apr. 22). He suc- 
ceeded St. Eutychian in the 
Eapal chair, and encouraged St. 
ebastian and other contem- 
porary martyrs. His own 
sufferings during two years of 
persecution obtamed for him the 
title of martyr, though it does 
not appear that he suffered a 
violent death. Butler. 

St. Caius of Lombardy 

c. 85 (Sept. 27). Bishop of 
MUan. 

22 



SS. Caius and 
Alexander 

MM. c. 171 (Mar. 10). Men- 
tioned by Eusebius {lib. v., 
c. 16) as being Eumenians by 
birth, and as suffering at 
Apamoea. Rom. Mart., Ado, 
Notker. 

SS. Caius and Cre- 
mentius, of Saragossa 

CC. MM. 304 (Apr. 16). Mar- 
tyred under Dacian in the Dio- 
cletian persecution with SS. 
Optatus and Eucratia (Apr. 16), 
q.v. Notker, Rom., Spn. am 
Portuguese Marts. 

SS. Caius, Palatine, of 
Rome, and Com- 
panions 

MM. (Mar. 4). St. Caius, an 
officer of the Palace, was mar- 
tyred by drowning. St. Pala- 
tme and twenty - six fellow- 
soldiers suffered with him. 
Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Notker, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Caius 

M. Companion of St. AmpHus 
(Oct. 31), q.v. 

St. Caius 

Companion of St. Crispus (Oct. 
4), q.v. 

St. Caius 

Companion of Dionysius of 
Athens (Oct. 3), q.v. 

St. Caius 

M. Companion of St. Expeditus 
(Apr. 19), q.v. 

St. Caj'etan of Thienna 

C. 1547 (Aug. 7). Lily in hand. 
{Ikon.) Opening his breast, in- 
flamed and winged heart appear- 
ing to him. {Col. milit. Eccl.) 
Infant Jesus placed in his arms 
by B.V.M. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Calais, or Carilephus, 
of Maine 

Ab. 542 (July 1). As a monk, 
digging the ground, his cloak 
hanging on a tree. {Statuary, 
Chartres Cath.) Butler, Mabillon. 

St. Calepodius of 
Rome 

M. 222 (May 10). Thrown in 
the Tiber. {Old engraving.) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Calimerus of 
Lombardy 

B.M. 2nd cent. (July 31). 
Bishop of Milan. 

St. Callinice. See 
St. Aquilina 

(July 24). 

St. Callinicus 

M. Companion of St. Thyrsus 
(Jan. 28). q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Calliopa or Calliope 

M. 2nd cent. (June 8). Hot 
iron applied to her breast. 
{Callot.) Mod. Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Calliopus of Cicilia 

M. 304 (Apr. 7). Cracifiedhead 
downwards. {Cahier.) Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Calliotus, See 
St. Callixtus 

(Oct. 14). 

St. Callisthene 

V. (Oct. 4). Daughter and com- 
panion of St. Adauctus, q.v., 
she escaped from Maximinian 

Eersecution disguised as a boy. 
he recovered the body of her 
father and built a church over it 
at Ephesus. Gk. Mencsa and 
Menology. 

St. Callistratus of 
Byzantium 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 26). Supported 
by two dolphins in the sea. 
{Callot.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Callixtus of Rome 

P.M. 222 (Oct. 14). Red robe, 
with tiara, {Window, Wiggen- 
hall, Norfolk.) Thrown into a 
well. {Statuary, Chartres Cath.) 
Thrown into a well with a mill- 
stone round neck. {Passionel.) 
Spring of water near. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Mfllstone tied to his 
neck. {Weyen.) Blessing a 
church. {Cahier.) Butler, Bede, 
Ado, Usuardus, Papebroke, Tille- 
mart, etc. 

St. Calocerus of Emilia 

2nd cent. (Feb. 10). Bishop of 
Raveima. 

St. Calupan, or 
Calupanus, of Clermont 

H. 576 (Mar. 3). In a cave with 
animals. {Cahier.) 

St, Camerinus 

Ch.M. Companion of St. 
Luxorius (Aug. 21), q.v. 

St. Camilla of Auxerre 

V. 437 (Mar. 3). A recluse at, 
or near, Ecoulives. 

St. Camillus of Lellis 

C. 1614 (July 14). Ministering 
to the sick. (Colum. milit. Eccl.) 
Christ receiving his soul. 
{Cahier.) Christ from the cross 
embracing him with one arm. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart., 
A Life by Cicatello. 

St. Camion 

B.C. 5th cent, (n.d.) Concealed 
by cobwebs. {Italia Sacra.) 

St. Cammin, or Camnun, 
of Ireland 

Ab. c. 653 (Mar. 25). Great 
fire near him. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Usher, 



St. Candida or Whyte 

M. 4th cent. (Sept. 20). Scourged 
at a stake. {Callot.) 

St. Candida of Rome 

M. 3rd cent. Companion of St. 
PauUna (Jtme 6), q.v. 

St. Canicus. See 
St. Kenny 

(Oct. II). 

St. Cantiana or 
Cantianilla 

M. Sister and companion of St. 
Cantius (May 31), q.v. 

St. Cantianus 

M. Mother and companion of 
St. Cantius (May 31), q.v. 

SS. Cantius and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. c. 290 (May 31). Of noble 
birth, and grandchildren of the 
Emperor Carus, they fled to 
AquUeia from the Diocletian 
persecution but were captured 
at Aquae Gradatal (since called 
San Cantiano), and decapitated. 
Butler, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
St. Jerome, Ado, Hrabanus, 
Notker, Usuardus, etc. 

St, Canute, Protomartyr 
of Denmark 

K.M. 1086 (Jan. 19). Dagger, 
lance and arrow. {Ikon.) Kneel- 
ing before altar. {Husenbeth.) 
Life by Allnoth of Canterbury, 
A.D. 1105, Butler, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Canute, Lavard of 
Schleswig 

M. 1130 (Jan. 7). He was second 
son of Eric the Good, King of 
Denmark, and succeeded Henry, 
King of the Sclaves. He was 
murdered by Me^us, his 
nephew, and canonised, 1171. 
Butler, Schleswig and Scandi- 
navian Breviaries. 

St. Caprais, or Cap- 
rasius, of Lerins 

Ab. c. 430 (Jime i). An angel 
announcing his approaching 
death. {Cahier.) 

St. Caprasius of Agen 

M. c. 286 (Oct. 20). As a youth 
he was a witness of the martyr- 
dom of St. Faith and was con- 
verted by her heroism. He was 
executed by the sword with two 
companions, Primus andFelician 
(June 9), q.v. Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., Ado, Usuardus, etc. 

St. Caradoc of Wales 

H. 1124 (Apr. 13). In chain 
mail, church in one hand, spear 
in other, coronet over his hood 
of mail. {Dugdale, Ashmolean 
Museum, Oxford.) Butler, Cap- 
grave, Menardus, Geoff., Cam- 
brensis, etc. 

28 



St. Carantog, or 
Carantocus, of Wales 

Ab. c. 550 (May 16). A brother 
of St. Tyssul, he foimded 
the Church of St. Leangrannoy 
in Cardiganshire. Wytford s 
Anglican Mart., John of Tyne- 
mouth, etc. 

St. Caraunus of 
Chartres 

M. 5th cent. (May 28). Carry- 
ing a saint's head. {Window, 
Chartres Cath.) Curing a blind 
man. {Ibid.) Butler, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts., Baillet, etc. 

St. Carileff, or 
Carilephus, of Clermont 

P.C. c. 540 (July i). A recluse 
of Aninsole, near Le Mans, he 
was discovered by King Childe- 
bert, who gave him the land on 
which was founded the abbey 
of St. Calais. Usuardus, 
Hrabanus, Ado. 

St. Carilippus, or 
Carlippus, of Cicilia 

Ab. M. (Apr. 28). A companion 
of St. Aphrodisius, q.v. Small 
barrel in his hand. {Cahier.) 
Buff alo kne eling to him . {Ibid. ) 
Rom., Gall, and Spn. Marts., 
Ado, Usuardus, Notker, etc. 

St. Carlo. See 

St. Charles Borromeo 

(Nov. 4). 

St. Carmelo 

B.C. N.D. In white habit of 
the Order of Mercy, writing 
under the influence of a vision 
of the B.V.M. {Zurbarau.) 

St. Carnech of Ireland 

Ab. c. 530 (May 16). Brother 
of SS. Ronan and Brecan, he 
ruled an abbey not far from. 
Lifford, near Loch Foyle. Celt. 
Mart. 

St. Carneus of Brittany 

(Nov. 15). A monk of Dinan. 

St. Caro. See 
St. Caraunus 

(May 28). 

St. Caroline 

V. N.D. Holding a thistle. 
{German painting.) 

St. Carpophorus 

M. 304 (Aug. 27). Body guarded 
by wolves. {Callot.) 

St. Carpophorus 

M. One of the Quotuor Coro- 
nati (Nov. 8), q.v. 

St. Carpus, B., and 
Companions, of 
Pergamos 

MM. c. 251 (Apr. 13). St. 
Carpus, Bishop of Thyatira, 
with his deacon and servant, 
was tortured £ind burnt to 



Saints and their Emblems 



death by Valerius, Governor of 
Asia Minor, in the Decian per- 
secution. Butler, Ado, N other, 
Eusebius, Tillemonf, etc. 

St. Carpus of Troas 

1st cent. (May 26 and Oct 13). 
Bishop of Beroea in Thrace. St. 
Paul makes reference to him 
(2 Tim. iv. 13). Rom. Mart., 
Ado, Usuardus, N other. 

St. Carthagh (the 
younger) of Lismore 

B. 637 (May 14). A native of 
Kerry, he founded Raheny Mon- 
astery, and on his expulsion by 
Blathmac founded the see and 
monastery of Lismore. Butler, 
Colgan, Usher, Tallaght and 
other Celt. Marts., etc. 

St. Casilda of Burgos 

V. 1126 (Apr. 9). Bread 
changing into roses in her lap. 
{Ihon.) 

St. Casimir, Prince of 
Poland 

1483 (Mar. 4). Crowned, holding 
a lily. {Pitti Gall., C. Dolci.) 
Praying at church door at night. 
(Blaise.) Butler, Henschenius, 
A Life by Zachary Ferrier, c. 

1519- 

St. Cassian of Autun 

c. 350 (Aug. 5). Bishop of 
Autun. 

St. Cassian of Imola 

M. 359 (Aug. 13). Stabbed by 
his scholars. {Bavaria Pia.) 
Butler, Roman and Latin Marts. 

St. Cassian of Umbria 

B.M. c. 303 (Aug. 13). Bishop 
of Todi. 

St. Cassius 

M. Companion of St. Gereon 
(Oct. 10), q.v. 

St. Castor of Coblentz 

P.C. 4th cent. (Feb. 13). Saving 
a sinking ship. {Ihon) Cologne, 
Belg. and Treves Marts. 

St. Castor of Gaul 

c. 420 (Sept. 21). Bishop of Apt. 

St. Castorius 

M. (July 7). Companion of St. 
Claudius, q.v. Sculptor at work 
upon a statue. (Callot.) 

St. Castrensis 

c. 450 (Feb. 11). Bishop of 
Volterra. 

St. Castricianus of 
Lombardy 

136 (Dec. i). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Castulus of Eome 

M. c. 286 (Mar. 26). Chamber- 
lain of the Palace to Diocletian, 
he was denounced to the Prefect 
Fabian, who after torture buried 
him in a pit full of sand. Rom. 
Mart. 



St. Castus, and Com- 
panions, of Picardy 

MM. c. 264 (May 15). Were 
martyred at Clermont. 

SS. Castus and Emilius, 
of Capua 

MM. c. 250 (May 22). Martyred 
in Africa, probably in the Decian 
persecution, their relics may 
have been translated at the 
time of the Vandal invasion. 
St. Austin refers to them in a 
sermon preached on their 
festival. Butler, Mart, of St. 
Jerome. 

SS. Castus and Secund- 
inus, of Campania 

BB. MM. (July i). Said to 
have suffered martyrdom at 
Gaeta, but their names appear 
to have been first conjoined by 
Baronius. The acts of these 
saints are untrustworthy and 
probably a forgery of the loth 
century. Mad. Rom. Mart. 

St. Castus 

M. Compajiion of St. Felix 
(Mar. 13), q.v. 

St. Cataldus 

B. 7th cent. (May 10). A 
learned Irish monk, he was 
chosen Bishop of Tarentum on 
his return from a pilgrimage 
from Jerusalem. Butler, Lives 
by Bartholomew Moronus and 
Antony Caraccioli. 

St. Catellus of Cam- 



pania 

617 (Jan. 19). 
Casteliamare. 



Bishop of 



St. Cathan of Scotland 

B.C. c. 600 (May 17). Buried 
in the Isle of Bute, his relics 
were so famous that the island 
was sometimes called Kilcathan. 
Butler, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Catherine of 
Alexandria 

V.M. 307 (Nov. 25). Wheel set 
with hooks. {East window, 
Exeter Cath.) Wheel and sword. 
{Window, Auch.) Broken wheel 
and palm. {Cima de Conegliano.) 
Wheel held by Maximin, saint 
trampling on him. {Windows, 
Westminster Abbey and West 
Wickham.) Wheel, sword point 
entering it. {Roodscreen, Bur- 
lingham St. Andrew.) Crowned, 
kneeling on wheel. {Vienna 
Gallery.) Double-spiked wheel, 
two men under it ; angel break- 
ing it with hammer. {MS. 
Hours.) Broken wheel and palm 
held by an angel ; saint crowned 
with white flowers. (Bernardino 
Luini.) Crowned, with palm 
and wheel. (Window, Wintring- 
ham, Yorks.) Crowned, with 
sword only, trampling on Maxi- 
min. (XVI. cent, window, Vyne 
Oratory, Basingstoke.) Wheel 

24 



at her feet, another springing 

from a cross behind her. 

(Church of St. Louis, Cologne.) 

Two wheels supported by post. 

(Church of St. Cumbert, Cologne). 

With palm between two wheels. 

(Giotto.) Sword and book. 

(Roodscreen, Filby.) Espoused 
to Our Blessed Saviour. (Gros- 
venor Gallery, Perugino.) 
Crowned, with bridal-veil and 
ring, wheel beside her. (Ghir- 
landajo.) Carried by angels to 
Mt. Sinai. (Fresco by Lucini 
Brera, Milan.) Holding spiked 
wheel, a bunch of three flowers 
above it. (Old monastic seal.) 
Crowned, and carrying two 
crowns. (Flos. Sane.) Lamb 
and palm. (Turin Gallery, 
Guide.) Hail striking down 
her torturers. (A ttrib. der Heil.) 
Palm and staff. (Bonn. Cath.) 
Palm and book. (Roodscreen, 
Edingthorpe.) Dove over her. 
(Fresco, Catfield.) Butler, etc., 
and all Martyrologies. 

St. Catherine of 
Bologna 

V. Abs. 1463 (Mar. 9). Carrying 
the Holy Infant Jesus. (Ikon.) 
Holding a brush and a paintiag 
of the Crucifixion. (Engraving.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Catherine Flisca of 
Genoa 

W. 1510 (Sept. 15). Daughter 
of Gracomo Fieschi, nephew of 
Pope Innocent IV., and wife to 
Julian Adomo, who adopted a 
penitential life and became re- 
nowned for her fasting and 
works of charity. Rom. Mart. 

St. Catherine of Bicci 

O.S.D. V. 1589 (Feb. 13). In 
Dominican habit, with a crown 
of thorns, St. Philip appearing 
to her. (Italian engraving.) 
Christ embracing her from the 
cross. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Catherine of Siena 

V. 1380 (Apr. 30). Crucifix 
upon a heart. (Liber Croni- 
carum.) Crowned with thorns 
by Christ. (Acad. Venice, F. 
Bissalo.) Receiving crown of 
thorns and rosary from Infant 
Saviour. (Sasso Ferrato, Rome.) 
Crowned with thorns, cross and 
flowers in right hand, heart 
with cross upon it in left. (Isa- 
bella Breviary, Brit. Museum.) 
St. Dominic appearing to her 
with other founders of religious 
orders. (Cahier.) Espousal to 
the Infant Saviour. (Pitti 
Gallery, Fra Bartholomeo.) Ex- 
changing hearts with Our 
Saviour, angel holding crown 
and crown of thorns. (Acad, 
Florence, Ghirlandajo.) Crucifix, 
lily and palm behind open book 
in right hand, flaming heart with 
I H S in left, three crowns over 



Saints and their Emblems 



her supported by angels. {Epist. 
Devot de St. Catherine, Wood- 
chester.) Crowned with thorns, 
cross m her hand. {Arhor 
Past.) Crowned with thorns, 
crucifix, inflamed heart. (AndrL) 
Holding an inflamed heart. 
{Buffalmacco.) Lily at her feet, 
rays from stigma in her hand. 
{Vienna Gallery, P. Pistoja.) 
Dominican nun, lily in hand. 
(National Gallery, A. Bor- 
gagnone.) Dove above her. 
(Cat. Sanct.) Stigmas, lily and 
book. (Fresco, Ch. of St. 
Dominic, Siena.) Ring in her 
hand. (Ikon.) Converting 
robbers. (Jameson.) Rom. and 
all other Marts. 

St. Catherine of 
Sweden 

V. 1381 (Mar. 22) Abbess 
holding lily. (Old engraving.) 
Dressing a poor man's Wounds. 
(Callot.) A hind at her side. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Blessed Sacra- 
ment brought to her death-bed. 
(Gueffier.) Danish, Norwegian 
and Swedish Kalendars, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Ceadda of Lichfield 

B. 672 (Mar 2). Episcopal robes 
and mitre, book in right hand, 
pastoral staff in left. (St. Chad's 
Church, Shrewsbury.) Butler, 
Rom., Ang., Scot, and Irish 
Marts., Two Lives by Ven. Bede 
and Robert of Gloucester. 

St. Ceadmon of 
Whitby 

Mk. c. 680 (Feb. 11). Formerly 
a cowherd, he entered the com- 
munity of Whitby, writing in 
a book of music. (Engraving.) 
Eng. Mart., Bede. 

St. Ceallach. See 
St. Celsus 

(Apr. 6). 

St. Ceallach. See 
St. Kellach 

(May I.) 

St. Cecilia 

V.M. 220 (Nov. 22). Crown, 
wreath of flowers and palm. 
(Roodscreen, Filby.) Wreaths of 
roses in left hand and on her 
head, sword in right hand. 
(yVindow, Gillingham.) Green 
wreath and pahn. (Roodscreen, 
Burlingham, St. Andrew.) 
Wreath of roses on head, taJl 
spring of almond leaves and 
flowers in hand. (Roodscreen, 
Trimingham.) Wreaths, on 
head and in hand, of white roses 
and lilies. (Roodscreen, N. 
Elmham.) Wreath, on her head, 
of lihes and red roses. (Predella, 
B.A.deFiesoli.) Seated, wreath 
on head, singing to angel, play- 
ing organ. (Painting, de Vois.) 
Wreath of flowers on head, right 
hand on sword. (Window, 



Martham Church.) Spring of 
white flowers in hand. (Denton 
Ch., Chest.) Organ pipes in 
hand. (Bologna Gall., Raphael, 
Arbor Past, and Tab. de la 
Croix.) Holding crown. (IX. 
cent, mosaic, St. Cecilia, Rome. 
Boiled in cauldron. (Cat. 
Sanct.) Seated with paJm and 
book. (Florence Gallery, Cima- 
bue.) With violin. (Roodscreen, 
Kenton.) Appearing to Pope 
Paschal I. (Ancient fresco, 
given by Cam^ani.) Showing 
an angd to Valerian. (Gueffier.) 
Harp. (Husenbeth). Three 
wounds in her neck. (Husen- 
beth.) Holding pair of organs, 
angd blowing organ beUows. 
(Jameson.) 

St. Cecilianus of 
Saragossa 

M. (April 16). Companion of 
St. Optatus, q.v. 

St. Cecilius, See 
St. Caecilius 

(June 3). 

St. Cedd 

Bp. of London. 664 (Jan. 7.) A 
missionary from Lindisfame to 
the Midland English, he was 
consecrated Bishop of London, 
afterwards retiring to his monas- 
tery of Lastingham, where he 
died of the plague. Butler, Eng. 
Mart., His Life by Ven. Bede. 

St. Celerina 

M. Companion of St. Celerinus 
(Feb. 3), q.v. 

St. Celerinus, Dn., and 
Companions, of Africa 

MM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 3). Reader 
and afterwards Deacon in the 
Church of Carthage, he re- 
ceived orders from St. Cyprian. 
Rom. and Latin Marts. 

St. Celestine I. of Rome 

Po. 432 (Apr. 6). Dove at his 
ear. (Hulme.) Butler, Tillemont, 
Ceillier, Rom. Mart. 

St. Celsaus of Breslau 

1252 (July 16). A missionary 
to Silesia. 

St. Celsus of Armagh 

Abp. 1128 (Apr. 6). Grandson 
of Abp. Moeliosa of Armagh, he 
was consecrated bishop in 1105 
before reaching the canoniccd 
age, and was later (1121) ap- 
pointed to Dublin. Butler, 
Rom. and Celt. Maris., Armagh 
Chronicle. 

St. Celsus of Rhenish 
Prussia 

c. 986 (Feb. 27). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Celsus 

M. Companion of St. Julian 
(Jan. 9), q.v. 

25 



St. Celsus or Celse 

M. Companion of St. Nazarius 
(July 28), q.v. 

St. Cenen. See 
St. Keyne 

(Oct. 8). 

SS. Censurinus and 
Quiriacus of Ostia 

252 (Sept. 5). Of prefectorial 
rank, St. Censurinus, with the 
deacon Archelaus, Aurea, a 
virgin, and seventeen of their 
gaolers, were baptized by the 
priest Maximus, confirmed by 
the Bishop Quiriacus, and mar- 
tyred by the orders of Gallus. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Censurius of 
Auxerre 

c. 500 (June 10). Bishop of 
Auxerre. 

St. Ceolfrid of Wear- 
mouth 

Ab. 716 (Sept. 25). A friend and 
coadjutor and successor of St. 
Benedict Biscop. When on a 
pilgrimage to Rome, he died at 
Langres, in the diocese of Lyons, 
where he is stiU venerated. 
Gall. Mart., Dempster's Scottish 
Menology, Bede. 

St. Ceolwulf of England 

K. Mk. 767 (Jan 15 and Mar 14) . 
A patron of the Venerable Bede, 
by whom the History of the 
English was dedicated to him. 
Abdicating the kingdom of 
Northumbria, he died in retire- 
ment at Lindisfame. Old Eng. 
Marts., Bede, Florence of Wor- 
cester, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Henry of Huntingdon, Simeon 
of Durham. 

St. Cerbonius of 
Piombino 

B. c. 575 (Oct. 10). Bear licking 
his feet. (Gueffier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Cerealis 

M. Companion of St. GetuUus 
(June 10), q.v. 

St. Ceslas of Poland 

C. 1242 (July 20). Dominican 
restoring drowned youth to hfe. 
(Painting by Comans.) Fiery 
cloud over hun. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Longinus, Matthew de Miacovia, 
etc. 

St. Chad. See 
St. Ceadda 

(Mar. 2). 

St. Chaeremon of 
Nilopdlis 

B.M. 256 Pec. 22). Mentioned 
in a letter from St. Dionysius 
to the bishop of Antioch as a 
fugitive from Alexandria in the 
Decian persecution. Rom. 
Mart., Usuardus. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Charalampius, P., 
and Companions, of 
Magnesia 

MM. 202 (Feb. lo). Suffered 
martyrdom before the governor 
Lucianus by flaying. With 
him suffered two soldiers and 
three women. Baring-Gould,. 

St. Charissimus 

M. Companion of St. Romulus 
(July 6), g.v. 

St. Charitas 

M. Sister of St. Fides (Aug. i), 
q.v. 

St. Charitina of Pontus 

y.M. 290 (Oct. 5). Angel ex- 
tinguishing funeral pUe. {A ttrib. 
der Heil.) Pair of tongs. {Chris. 
Kunst) Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Charito, or Chariton, 
of Palestine 

H. c. 340 (Sept. 28). Hands 
manacled ; serpent drinking 
out of a cup. {Columnae milit. 
Eccl.) 

St. Charity 

V.M. (Aug. i). Legendary 
daughter of St. Sapientia (Aug. 
i), q.v. As a child holding a 
sword. [Attrib. der Heil.) 

Bl. Charlemagne, or 
St. Charles the Great, 
Emp. of France 

814 (Jan. 28). His remains were 
enshrined at Aix-la-Chapelle, 
where the Antipope Paschal HI. 
decreed his canonisation. He 
is venerated as a saint in many 
churches in Germany and the 
Low Countries. All European 
histories and French and 
German Martyr ologies. 

St. Charles Borromeo, 
Cardinal Abp. of Milan 

1584 (Nov. 4). In cardinal's 
robe and lace-edged cotta, 
casket and crucifix on a table 
near hitn. {XVI. cent, window.) 
Communicating plague patients. 
{Louvre, Bologna Gallery.) 
Kneeling at altar, rope round 
his neck. {Le Brun.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Lives by Cardinal 
Austin Valerio, Bp. Charles 
Bascape of Novara and Peter 
Gussano of Milan. 

Bl. Charles the Good 

M. 1 124 (Mar. 2). Count of 
Flanders, he was son of St. 
Canute, King of Denmark, and 
Adelheid, and was murdered in 
the Church of St. Donatus, 
Bruges. (Baring-Gould.) Her- 
mann Greven, Molanus, Belg. 
Mart. 

St. Chef of Dauphine 

Ab. 575 (Oct. 29). Of good 
family, he entered the monastic 
life under St. Caesarius of Aries, 



and later founded a monastery 
at Vienne, wherein he became 
a recluse until his death. Butler, 
Rom. Mart., a Life by Ado. 

St. Chelidonius 

M. Companion of St. Emether- 
ius (Mar. 3), q.v. 

St. Cheron. See 
St. Caraunus 

(May 28). 

St. Chier. See 
St. Kiara 

(Oct. 16). 

St. Chilien. See 
St. Kilian 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Chionia 

V.M. Companion and sister of 
St. Agape (Apr. 3), q.v. 

St. Chlodulf, or 
Choldoarus of Metz 

B.C. c. 696 .(June 8). Bene- 
dictine ^monk, with royal in- 
signia. {Die Heyligenbildes.) 
Instructing the poor. {Burg- 
maier.) Nails in his hand (as 
patron of nail-makers). (Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Christiana of 
Georgia 

V.M. Apostle to the Iberians. 
4th cent. (Dec. 15). Captive 
converting a king. Pillar held 
up by angel while she prays. 
(Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Christiana. See 
St. Oringa 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Christina the 
Wonderful of Belgium 

V. 1224 (Jioly 24). Bom at 
Brusthem, near St. Trond, in 
Hesbain, many legends are told 
of her insensibility to pain and 
exposure. She died in the 
Convent of St. Catherine. Belg., 
Gall., Bene, and Cist. Marts. 

St. Christina of Bolsena 

V.M. 295 (July 24). A scroll. 
{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.) 
Holding an arrow, and trampling 
on a pagan, (Roodscreen, Kenn.) 
Millstone at her side, two arrows 
in hand. (Lucus v. Leyden.) 
Man shooting an arrow at her. 
(Callot.) Pierced by three 
arrows. (Roodscreen, N. Elm- 
ham.) In prison breaking idols. 
(Icon. Sanct.) MOlstone round 
her neck. (Venice, Vincenzia 
Calena.) Serpent round her 
wrist. (Tab. de la Croix.) 
Hand resting on millstone. 
(Munich Gal., J. Schoreel; also 
XVII. cent. Flemish stained 
glass.) A knife. (Ikon.) A pair 
of tongs, (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Sword in her bosom. (Bissolo, 

26 



Treviso.) Arrow and sceptre. 
(Roodscreen, Eye.) A tower or 
burning kiln at her side. (Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Gk. Men., Copt, 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Cristopher of Lycia 

M. c. 250 (July 25). As giant 
wading through river with 
Infant Jesus on his shoulder. 
(Window, Cossey Hall.) As 
above, but the Holy Infant with 
three heads. (Sedgeford Ch.) 
As above, also hermit with 
lantern. (Fresco, St. John, 
Winchester.) As above, with 
staff. (XV. cent, window, Win- 
tringham.) As above, hermit 
with lanthom in background. 
(Hemling, Boisseree Gal.) Kneel- 
ing, executioner with sword by 
him. (Tintoretto, S.M. dell' 
Orto, Venice) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., Ado, Usuardus. 

St. Christopher 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Chrodegang of 
Metz 

B.C. 766 (Mar. 6). A native 
of Hesbain in Brabant, he was 
made Chancellor of France by 
Charles Martel, at whose death 
he was elected Bishop of Metz. 
Belg. and Metz Marts., Molanus, 
Hermann Greven. 

St. Chrodingus. See 
St. Roding 

(Sept. 17). 

St. Chromatins 

C. Companion of St. Tiburtius 
(Aug. II), q.v. 

St. Chronides 

M. Companion of St. Philetus 
(Mar. 27), q.v. 

St. Chronion 

M. Companion of St. Julian 
(Feb. 27), q.v. 

SS. Chrysanthus and 
Daria of Rome 

MM. c. 250 (Oct. 25). (The 
following emblems apply to 
St. Chrysanthus only.) Stoned. 
(Callot.) Buried alive. (Old 
etching.) Pit near him with mud. 
(Ikon.) Buried alive, stones on 
him. (Passionel.) Axe and 
torch. (Attrib. der Heil.) Sewn 
up in the skin of an ox. (Cahier.) 
Mod. Rom. Mart., Gk. Men., 
Wandelbert, Usuardus. 

St. Chrysogonus of 
Rome 

M. 304 (Nov. 24). Fishes hold- 
ing up his body in the water. 
(Hulme.) Carried to heaven by 
angels, who bear a sword and 
palm. (Guercino.) Beheaded and 
thrown into the sea. (Hmenbeth.) 
Rom. Mart., Usuardm, Ado, 
Carthaginian Kalendar. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Chrysolius of 
Comines 

B.M. 302(Feb.7). An Armenian, 
he accompanied SS. Piatus and 
Quentin in their mission to 
France and Belgium, and is said 
to have founded the first sanc- 
tuary of the B.V. Mary in 
Flanders. Molanus, Ferrarius. 

St. Chrysostom. See 
St. John Chrysostom 

(Jan. 27). 

St. Chrysteta 

M. Companion of St. Vincent 
(Oct. 27), q.v. 

St. Chudd. See 
St. Carthagh 

(May 14). 

St. Chuniald. See 
St. Conald 

(Sept. 24). 

St. Cianan. See 
St. Kenan 

(Nov. 24). 

St. Cilinia of Laon 

5th cent. (Oct. 21). Mother of 
St. Remigius. 

St. Cineria. See 
St. Kennera 

(Oct. 29). 

St. Cisellus 

Ch. M. Companion of St. 
Luxorius (Aug. 21), q.v. 

St. Citha. See St Sitha 

(Apr. 27). 

St. Cittinus 

M. (July 17). One of the 
Scillitan martyrs and a com- 
panion of St. Speratus, q.v. 

St. Clair, or Clarus, of 
Le Yexin 

P.M. c. 894 (Nov. 4). In monas- 
tic habit, head in his hands. 
(St. Maclou, Rouen.) Butler, 
Usuardus, Gall and Rom. Marts. 

St. Clara, or Clare, of 

Assisi 

V. Abs. 1253 (Aug. 12). Tall 
cross fixed in a turban on ground 
and trampling on scimitar. 
{French engraving.) Blessed 
Sacrament in hand. {Molanus.) 
Cross with crosslets like asperges. 
{Old painting, Assisi.) Mon- 
strance in hand. {Roodscreen, 
Trimingham, and many other 
instances.) Presenting her heart 
to the B.V. Mary. {Palais Com., 
Lyons.) Lily in her hand. {M. 
d'Arezzio, P. Capanna.) Butler, 
Franciscan Annals. 

St. Clara of Monte 
Falco 

V. 1308 (Aug. 18). Three balls 
in her right hand, Uly in her 
left, instruments of the Passion 



on her breast. {Acta Sand.) 
As above, but with a crosier in 
right hand. {C allot.) Holding 
three nails. (Weyen.) Holding 
scales, one with one globe, one 
with two, yet evenly balancing. 
{Cahier.) Butter, Rom. Mart. 

St. Clara of Rimini 

Matr. 1346 (Feb. 10). After her 
second widowhood she devoted 
■herself to a life of renunciation 
and austerity. Rom. Mart. 

St. Clare. See St. Clara 

(Aug. 12). 

St. Clarius. See 
St. Clair 

(Nov. 4). 

St. Clarus of Lectoure 

B.M. (June i). Bishop of 
Lectoure. 

St. Clarus of the Loire 

c. 320 (Oct. 10). Bishop of 
Nantes. 

St. Clarus of Vienne 

Ab. 733 (Apr. 26 or Jan i ?) 
Appeasing the flooded waters 
of the Rhone. (Cahier.) {N.B. 
The Bollandists suggest that 
several saints of this name have 
been confounded, so that aJl 
lives under this name — ^as also 
St. Clair (Nov. 4) — are very 
confused and unreliable.) 

St. Clateus of 
Lombardy 

M. 1st cent. (June 4). Bishop 
of Brescia. 

St. Claude. See 
St. Claudius 

(June 6). 

St. Claudia of Umbria 

Matr. c. no (Aug. 7). Of 
British nationality and said to 
be daughter to Caractacus, she 
married the senator Aulus 
Pudens, and died at Sabinum 
in Umbria. Wilson's, Anglican 
Mart. 

St. Claudia 

M. Companion of St. Alexandra 
(Mar. 20), q.v. 

St. Claudian 

M. Companion of St. Victorinus 
(Feb. 25), q.v. 

St. Claudius of 
BesanQon 

Abp. 696 (June 6). Doffing his 
episcopal vestments. {Callot.) 
Holding a taper. (Cahier.) 
Blessing a kneeling boy or 
raising him to life. (Tab. de la 
Croix, Solitaire.) Bowels wound 
round windlass (possibly in 
error for St. Erasmus). (Jehan 
de Brie, 1521.) Prisoners near 
him, their chains falling off. 
(Cahier.) Raising a dead monk 
to life : horseman near him. 
(Stained glass, XVI. cent.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Mabillon. 

27 



St. Claudius and Com- 
panions, of Aegea 

MM. 285 (Aug. 23). Nailed to 
stakes. (Cahier.) Butler, Mart. 
of St. Jerome, Acts of SS. 
Claudius and Aster ius. 

St. Claudius of Rome, 
and Companions 

c. 300 (July 7). Nicostratus, 
gaoler to St. Sebastian, was 
converted by the healing of his 
dumb wife, Zoe. With him were 
baptized his brother Castor, 
Claudius, his brother Victorinus, 
and his sons FeUcissimus and 
Victorian. The bodies of Zoe 
and TranquilUnus being thrown 
into the Tiber after their mar- 
tyrdom, the above, with St. 
Symphorian, searched for and 
buried them, afterwards being 
racked and thrown into the sea 
by Fabian, Governor of Ostia. 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus. 

St. Claudius 

M. Companion of St. Julia 
(July 21), q.v. 

St. Claudius 

M. Brother of St. Maximus 
(Feb. 18), q.v. 

St. Claunus. See 
St. Mochua 

(Jan. I). 

St. Cledog of Wales 

K.M. c. 482 (Aug. 19). Grand- 
son of Brychan of Brecknock 
and a brother of St. Pedita. 
Murdered by a jealous rival 
at Clodock in Herefordshire. 
Wilson, Capgrave, Whitford. 

St. Cleer of Cornwall 

C. (n.d.) In episcopal vest- 
ments. (Window, St. Noets.) 

St. Clement 

Pope M. c. 100 (Nov. 23). 
Mitre, triple cross, anchor in 
hand. {Roodscreen, Westhall.) 
Tiara, triple cross, anchor at 
feet (Denton Ch.) Kneeling at 
altar, acolyte with tiara on book. 
(Ch. St. Cunebert, Cologne.) 
Holding an anchor. (XII. cent, 
mosaic, St. Clement's, Rome. 
{XV. cent window, Ludlow.) As 
above, lamb over fotmtain near 
him. (Cahier.) Thrown from 
a ship, anchor round his neck. 
(Fresco by Bonafratellis, 1572.) 
With double cross. (Roodscreen, 
Houghton le Dale.) Floating with 
anchor round his neck. (Callot.) 
Praying before a fountain. 
(Aitrib. der Heil.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men., Bede, Ado, 
Notker. 

St. Clement, Patriarch 
of Alexandria 

217 (Dec. 4). A native of Athens, 
he studied under Pantoenus 
in the catechetical school of 
Alexandria, afterwards succeed- 
ing him. He was tutor to 



Saints and their Emblems 



Origen and St. Alexander, and 
died at Alexandria in the reign 
of Caraculea. Butler, Usuardus, 
Potter, Eusebius, Jerome. 

St. Clement, B., and 
Companions, of Ancyra 

MM. d. c. 300 (Jan. 23). Mar- 
tyred in the Diocletian persecu- 
tion with great brutality, being 
torn with hooks and St. 
Clement's teeth and jaw broken 
with a large stone. Butler, 
Chatelain. 

St. Clement 

B. c. 60. Companion of St. 
Appelles (Apr. 22), q,v. 

St. Clement 

C. Companion of St. Justus 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Cleonicus 

M. Companion of St. Basiliscus 
(Mar. 3), q.v. 

St. Cleophas 

Disciple, ist cent. (Sept. 25). 
Girded habit and pilgrim's staff. 
Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon., 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker. 

St. Clethus of the 
Abruzzi 

c. 600 (Jime 13). Bishop of 
Aquila. 

St. Cletus. See 
St. Anacletus 

(Apr. 26). 

St. Cliutauc. See 
St. Cledog 

(Aug. 19). 

St. Clodoaldus. See 
St. Chlodulf 

(June 8). 

St. Clothilda, or 
Clotildis, of Tours 

Q. c. 540 (June 3). Causing a 
foimtain. {Cahier.) Church in 
hand. (Ibid.) Battle in the 
distance. (Ibid.) In royal robes, 
angel with shield charged with 
fleurs-de-lis at her side. 
(Jameson.) Butler, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts., Gregory of Tours. 

St. Clotsendis of 
Marchienne 

V. Abs. c. 700 (June 30). 
Daughter of St. Rictrudis and 
St. Adalbert and sister to SS. 
Eusebia, Adalsendis and 
Mauvontius, she succeeded her 
mother as abbess of Marcliiennes. 
Belg. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Cloud. See 
St. Chlodulf 

(June 8). 

St. Clydog. See 
St. Cledog 

(Aug. 19). 



St. Cocovatus. See 
St. Cucuphas 
(July 25). 

St. Codratus and Com- 
panions, of Corinth 

MM. c. 258 (Mar. 10). Bom 
whilst his mother was a fugitive 
from the Decian persecution, he 
grew up in the desert and was 
there joined by other young 
fugitive Christians. They were 
taken by the governor, Jason, 
and executed at Corinth. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Coelestius of 
Lorraine 

c. 320 (Oct. 14). Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Coelfrith. See 
St. Ceolfrid 

(Sept. 25). 

St. Coemgall. See 
St. Comgall 

(May 10). 

St. Coemgen of 
Glendalough 

B. 618 (June 3). Of good Irish 
family, he was baptized by St. 
Cronan and studied under St. 
Petrocus. Having founded the 
monastery of Glendalough, he 
was later consecrated bishop of 
the cathedral which was built 
near the abbey church. Butler, 
Celt. Mart. 

St. Coemgen. See 
St. Congan 

(Oct. 13). 

St. Cointha 

V.M. 249 (Feb. 8). Dragged by 
her feet and stoned. (Christ. 
Kunst.) 

St. Colette of Ghent 

V. Abs. 1447 (Mar. 6). Holding 
crucifix and hook. (Engraving.) 
Dead Christ placed in her arms 
by B.V. Marv. (Cahier.) SS. 
Francis and Clare appearing to 
her. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Colman of Cloyne 

B. An associate of St. Brendon 
of Clonfert, and pupil of St. 
Jarlath of Tuam. He was the 
first bishop of Cloyne. 

St. Colman of Dromore 

B. c. 650 (June 7). Son of Daire, 
of the royal blood of Cashd, 
and founder of a monastery at 
Doire-Mor in Munster. Aberdeen 
Breviary, Celt. Mart. 

St. Colman of 
Killruadh 

B. (Oct. 16). A disciple of St. 
Aelbhe of Emly, he founded a 
church at Kilroot. Celt. Mart., 
Scottish Menology, Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

28 



St. Colman of Stockerau 

M. 1612 (Oct. 13). Hung on a 
gibbet. (Bavaria Pia.) Hung 
on a gibbet, man cutting thigh 
off. (Das Passiowe/.) As pilgrim, 
with rope in hand. (Attrib, der 
Heil.) Butler, Colgan, Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Colman of Temple 
Hanborough 

c. 632 (Oct. 27). Of the family 
of Fiachra, he was abbot of 
Seuboth-foly, in the diocese of 
Ferns, and a friend of St. Maidoc. 
Celt, and Tallaght Marts. 

St. Colman of Wicklow 

659 (Dec. 12). Abbot of Glen- 
dalough. Butler, Colgan, Irish 
Kalendar. 

St. Colman Elo. of Land 
Elo. 

Ab. C. 610 (Sept. 26). Monastic 
habit ; pilgrim's cap, staff, 
gourd and wallet ; a rope around 
his neck, and gibbet near him. 
(Engraving.) (Possibly an error 
for St. Colman of Stockerau.) 
Butler, Usher. 

St. Colman MacDuach 
of Connaught 

B. c. 630 (Oct. 29). A relative 
of St. Cohnan of Temple Han- 
borough, both being descended 
from Eochaidh Breac. Colgan, 
Celt. Mart. 

St. Colman 

P.M. Companion of St. Kilian 
(July 8), q.v. (N.B.— There are 
ninety-six St. Cohnans in the 
Martyrology of Donegal alone, 
besides many others dsewhere. 
Moreover, most of the Acts and 
Lives are fuU of fables of the 
most monstrous description, so 
that much confusion exists as 
to the identity of many of the 
saints of this name.) 

St. Colme. See 
St. Columba 

(June 9). 

St. Colmoc of Scotland 

c. 1000 (June 6). Bishop of 
Orkney. 

St. Colodoc. See 
St. Kenan 

(Nov. 5.) 

St, Columba of Cordova 

M. 853 (Sept. 17). Sister to 
Abbot Martin of Cordova, she 
entered the convent of Tabanos 
and was beheaded by the Moors 
and her body thrown into the 
Guadalquivir. Butler, Suysken 
the Bollandist, Mod. Rom. and 
Spn. Marts. 

St. Columba of 
Cornwall 

V.M. N.D. (Mar. 16). Believed 
to have been one of the company 
of St. Ursula. Anglican Mart. 



PLAfE I 





ST. (ll'J'XIOHY. Pope. 



ST. C'r.l':.\rRNT Carrlinnl. 



I\ood>oreen. .'^(. Mary Steps Cliurch, Exeter- 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Columba of lona 

^- 597 (June 9). Devils fijdng 
from him. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Usmrdus, N other, 
Bede, etc. 

St. Columba of Munster 

Ab. 548 (Dec. 12). A native of 
Leinster, he was founder and 
first abbot of Tyrdaglas Mon- 
astery. 

BL Columba of Reati 

V. 1501 (May 20). Dove, lily 
and book. {Ch. St. Dominic, 
Perugia.) 

St. Columba of 

St. Columb (Cornwall) 

V.M. (Nov. 13). Described by 
Camden as "a very pious 
woman and a martyr." Accord- 
ing to Whittaker, she was put 
to death by a heathen king at 
Trekyning, near St. Columb. 
Challoner's Memorial of British 
Piety or British Marfyrology, 
London, 1761 (Oct. 23.) 

St. Columba of Sens 

V.M. 274 (Sept. 17.) Palm in 
right hand, bear led by chain in 
left. (Ch. St. Columba, Cologne.) 
Bear approaching one side, man 
struck down on the other. 
(Ibid.) In chains. (C allot.) 
With crucifix. (Tab. de la 
Croix.) On funeral pUe, angel 
above, doud quenching ilames. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Crown 
brought by angel. (Cahier.) 
Bear devouring man at her feet. 
(Das Passionel.) Crowned, hold- 
ing hook. (XV. cent, window, 
Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.) 
Butler, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Usuardus, Ado, etc. 

St. Columba of Sens 

V.M. 273 (Dec. 31). Of Spanish 
birth, she came to Gaul with 
SS. Beatus, Sanctianua and 
Augustine, where she was bap- 
tized at Vierme, and was be- 
headed by order of Aurelian at 
Sens. Butler, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., Usuardus, Ado, etc. 

St. Columban, or 
Columbanus, of Bobbio 

Ab. C. 615 (Nov. 21). Taming 
a wild beast. (Icon. Sanct.) 
In bear's den, foimtain near 
him. (Attrib. der Heil.) Sun- 
beams above him. (Die Heil.) 
Kneeling among wolves. Strik- 
ing water from rock. (Cahier.) 
Crucifix, ends bearing leaves 
and flowers. (Ibid.) Butler, 
Usuardus, Ado, Roman and 
Cistercian Marts., etc. 

St. Columkille. See 
St. Columba 

(June 9). 

St. Comgall of Banchor 

Ab. 601 (May 10). Red-hot 
stone in his hand. (Ikon.) 
Angel bringing him fruit. 



(Attrib der Heil.) Butler, Celt.. 
Mart., Aberdeen Breviary, Col- 
gan, etc. 

St. Comgan. See 
St. Congan 

(Oct. 13). 

St. Commodus of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Conald of Salzburg 

C. (Sept. 24). A Scottish mis- 
sionary to Germany and com- 
panion of St. Rupert, Bishop of 
Salzburg. Butler, Colgan. 

St. Conall of Ireland 

(May 22). Abbot of Ennis- 
Chavil in Tyrconnel. Butler, 
Colgan. 

St. Concord of Spoleto 

P.M. 178 (Jan. 2). Fed by angel 
in dimgeon. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Bollandus, Tillemont. 

St. Concordia 

V.M. c. 255. A servant and 
companion of St. HippoljH;us 
(Aug. 13), q.v. ; beaten to death 
with leaded whips. Scourged 
at stake with leaden scorpions. 
(Callot.) 

St. Concordius 

M. Companion of St. Zeno 
(Sept. 2), q.v. 

St. Congall of Ireland 

(July27). Abbot of labhnallivin, 
on Lough Erne, of which parish 
he is the patron saint. Butler, 
Colgan. 

St. Congan of Scotland 

Ab. c. 750 (Oct. 13). Brother 
to St. Kentigema and uncle to 
St. FiUan, who buried him in 
lona. Aberdeen Breviary, 
Tamlacht and Donegal Marts. 
(Aug. 2). 

St. Conogan of Brittany 

6th cent. (Oct. 13). Bishop of 
Quimper. 

St. Conon of Iconia 

M. c. 275 (May 29). Drawing 
a chariot with horses. (Callot.) 
Butler, Tillemont, etc. 

St. Conon of Iconium 

Dn. M. 275 (May 29). Suffered 
by fire, with his twelve-year-old 
son, by Domitian. Rom. Mart., 
Ado, Usuardus. 

St. Conon of the Isle of 
Man 

B. 648 (Jan. 26). First Bishop 
of Sodor and Man and tutor to 
St. Fiacre. Butler, Leslie. 

St. Conon of Sicily 

1236 (Mar. 28). A monk at Nesi. 

St. Conrad of Constance 

B.C. 976 (Nov. 26). Chalice 
with spider over it. (XVII. cent, 
stained glass.) Castiag out 



devils. (Callot.) Giving the 
asperges attended by angels. 
(Bavaria Pia.) Curing a lunatic. 
(Das Passionel.) Walking upon 
a lake. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
and Ger. Marts., etc. 

St. Conrad. See 
St. Cuno 

(June I). 

Bl. Conrad of Placenza 

C. 1351 (Feb. 19). Small birds 
fluttering around him. (Ikon.) 
Cross with birds upon it. 
(Menologium St. Francisci.) 
Stags and animals around him. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Conran of Kirkwall 

7th cent. (Feb. 14). Bishop of 
Orkney. Butler, Lesley. 

St. Constabilus, or Con- 
stablis, of Cavia 

Ab. (Feb. 17). Driving off a 
fleet of pirates. (Cahier.) 

S. Constans 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct, 4), q.v. 

St. Constant of Ireland 

yyy (Nov. 13). A priest and 
anchorite near Lough Erne. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Constantia of Rome 

c. 300 (Feb. 18). Daughter of 
Constantine the Great, she was 
healed of scrofula at the tomb 
of St. Agnes. Acts of St. Agnes. 

St. Constantine 

Emp. c. 335 (May 21). In 
imperial robes, holding lance 
surmounted with the Labanun. 
(Statue, Later an.) Gk. Men. 

St. Constantine 

M. (July 27). One of the seven 
sleepers of Ephesus, q.v. A 
club. (Musaeum Victorium, 
Rome.) 

St. Constantine of 
Govan, Protomartyr of 
Scotland 

c. 576 (Mar. II). Of Royal 
British blood, he took part 
in St. Columba's mission to the 
Picts, and was murdered by in- 
fidels. Butler, Colgan, Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

St. Constantine of 
Languedoc 

6th cent. (Apr. 12). Bishop of 
Gap. 

St. Constantine II. of 
Scotland 

K.M .c. 874 (Apr. 2). Was slain 
by Hinguar, a Danish barbarian, 
and buried in lona. Butler, 
Lesley. 

St. Constantius of 
Perugia 

B.M. c. 170 (Jan. 29). Cast in 
a fire and decapitated. (Cahier.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Constantius 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), n.v. 

St. Convoyonof Rhedon 

Ab. c. 868 (Dec. 28). Bom at 
Comblessac, near St. Malo, he 
was ordained by Reginald, 
Bishop of Vannes, as Abbot of 
Rhedon. He died at Plelan. 
Gall, and Bene. Marts., Mabillon. 

St. Conyn 

C. Knight in armour with a 
shield : or, nine torteaux, three, 
three and three. [Crypt, Ghent 
Cath.) 

St. Copres 

H. 5th cent. A companion of 
St. Patermuth (July 9), q.v. 
With garden tools. (Cahier.) 

St. Corbican of 
Flanders 

C. 8th cent. (June 26). An 
Irish immigrant to the Low 
Countries, where he lived and 
died a solitary. Belg. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Corbinian of 
Treisingen 

B. c. 730 (Sept. 8). Bear forced 
to carry his baggage after hav- 
ing devoured his mule. (Bilder 
Legende, Iron.) Butler, Rom. 
and Ger. Marts., Surius, 
Mabillon. 

St. Cordula of Cologne 

V.M. 451 (Oct. 22). An apocry- 
phal saint. She is reputed to 
have been a companion of St. 
Ursula, but to have fled the 
massacre, only to be killed next 
day when leaving her place of 
concealment. Rom. and Lubeck- 
Cologne Marts. 

St. Corentin, or Coren- 
tinus, of Devon 

H. 401 (Dec. 12). Honoured, 
according to Butler, in Devon 
and Cornwall. He lived a 
hermit at the foot of Mt. 
Menehent (sic) in Devon. Butler, 
Borlase. 

St. Corentin of Quimper 

B. c. 460 (Dec. X2). Striking 
water from a rock. (Weyen.) 
At a fountain, bucket with 
fish at his side. (Baring-Gould.) 
Gall. Mart., Butler, Mabillon, 
Lobineau. 

St. Cormac of Cashel 

908 (Sept. 14). A King of 
Munster, he was killed fighting 
against Flan, King of Meath. 
Butler, Colgan, Ware. 

St. Cormac of Ireland 

Ab. (Dec. 12). Described as an 
abbot of great sanctity, his 
tomb is shown in his chapel on 
Eilean Mor off the coast of 
Argyllshire. Btitler, Usher. 



St. Cormac II. of 
Scotland 

1122 (Aug. 15). Bishop of 
Murtlach. 

St. Cornelius the 
Centurion 

B. of Caesaria. ist cent. (Feb. 
2). Baptized by St. Peter, he 
was later consecrated Bishop 
of Caesaria. Rom. Mart., Acts, 
c. 10. 

St. Cornelius of Civita 
Vecchia 

Po. M. 252 (Sept. 14). Cows 
around him. {Cahier.) Holding 
a horn. {Ch. St. Mary, Cologne.) 
Horn of unction and tall cross. 
(Wilhelm.) Horn of unction and 
triple cross. {Window, Cossey 
Hall. Roods creen, Portlemouth.) 
Holding a sword. (Ikon.) 
Horn mounted on stand with 
foot. Baptizing. (Cahier.) 
Butler (on Sept. 16), Rom. Mart., 
York and Sarum Breviaries, 
Eusebius. 

St. Cornelius of Ghent 

M. (Feb. 16). His reUcs, dis- 
covered in the catacombs of 
Rome, were given to the Jesuit 
Church, Ghent, by Pope Inno- 
cent X. 

St. Corona of Egypt 

M. c. 177 (May 14). Hands and 
feet fastened to four trees. 
(C allot.) Tom asunder between 
two trees. (Old Engraving.) 

St. Coronatus 

M. N.D. Lance in hand. (Chris. 
Kunst.) 

St. Cosmas of Gaza 

B. c. 780 (Oct. 14). Foster 
brother to St. John Damascene 
and consideredto hold thesecond 
place among the poets of the 
Greek Church. Gk. Mencea and 
Menology. 

SS. Cosmas and Damian 
of Cilicia 

MM. c. 297 (Sept. 27). Red 
gowns, surgical instruments in 
their hands. (Lorenzo, Florence 
Gal.) With rods of Aesculapius. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Each holding 
an arrow. (Weyen.) Crucified, 
stoned and shot with arrows. 
(Passionel.) Cosmas, a palm, 
Damian, a pestle and mortar. 
(Tintoretto, Venice Acad.) 
Attending man in bed with 
black leg. (Northwick Gal., 
A. da Fiesoli.) Holding vases. 
(Nat. Gal., M. von Liesborn.) 
Holding caskets. (British 
Museum.) Holding vases and 
darts. (Callot.) Holding gold 
caskets with small compart- 
ments. (Predella, A. da Fiesoli.) 
Hung on a beam and tom with 
hooks. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Butler, 
Ado, St. Gregory of Tours, 
Bede, Usuardus, etc. 

30 



St. Cosmas 

Mk. M'. (Mar. 20). Companion 
of St. John, q.v. 

St. Cougat or Covat. 
See St. Cucuphas 
(July 25). 

St. Crapard. See 
St. Erasmus 

(June 2). 

St. Crementius 

C. Companion of St. Caius 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Crescens of Galatia 

c. 100 (June 27). A disciple of St. 
Paul, mentioned in the Second 
Epistle to Timothy. Probably 
owing to Galatia being mis- 
spelt Gallia, he is sometimes 
confused with Crescens, first 
bishop of Mainz, and St. Cres- 
cens of Vienne. Rom. Mart. 

St. Crescens of Vienna 

B. ist cent. (Dec. 29). Holding 
the model of a church. (Cahier.) 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Crescentia 

M. Nurse of St. Vitus (June 15), 
q.v., and wife of St. Modestus. 

St. Crescentianus and 
Companions, of 
Carthage 

MM. 258 (Sept. 14). Martyred 
in the Valerian persecution, with 
three companions, on the same 
day as St. Cjrprian. Ado, 
Notker, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Crescentius of 
Florence 

C. 424 (Apr. 19). Attending the 
sick. (Ikon.) 

St. Crescentius of Rome 

M. c. 320 (Sept. 14). Flying to 
Perugia, with his father and 
mother, from the Diocletian 
persecution, he was arrested, 
beaten with rods and sent in 
chains to Rome, where he was 
decapitated. Rom. Mart. 

St. Crescentius 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Crescentius 

M. Companion of St. Romulus 
(jTily 6), q.v. 

St. Crewenna 

Companion of St. la (Oct. 27), 
q.v. 

St. Crispin of Andalusia 

M. c. 302 (Nov. 19). Bishop 
of Ecija. 

SS. Crispin and 
Crispinian, of Soissons 

MM. 287 (Oct. 25). Tied to a 
tree and flayed alive. (Das 
Passional.) Two shoemakers 
at work. (Callot.) Holding 



Saints and their Emblems 



strips cut from a hide. {A ttrih. ) 
der Heil.) Shoemakers' tools 
near them. {Ikon.) Thrown 
from a bridge with millstones 
round their necks, {Solitaire.) 
All Martyrologies. 

St. Crispinaof Thebeste 

M. 304 (Dec. 5). Martyred with 
the sword by Anulinus, Pro- 
consul of Northern Africa. 
Butler, Rom. Mart., Carthaginian 
Kalendar, Mabillon, Usuardus, 
Ado, etc. 

SS. Crispus and Cains 
of Corinth 

ist cent. (Oct. 4). They were 
baptized by St. Paul, and St. 
Caius is mentioned in three of 
his Epistles (Acts xviii., i Cor. 
i. 14 and Rom. xvi. 23). St. 
Crispus, a tower at his side. 
{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.) 
Ado, N other, Rom. and other 
Latin Martyrologies. 

St. Cronan of Ireland 

Ab. c. 640 (Apr. 28). A native 
of Munster and founder of the 
monastery of Roscrea. Celt. 
Marts. 

St. Cronan of Balla. 
See St. Mochua 

(Jan. i). 

St. Ctesiphon 

B. (Apr. i). Companion of St. 
Torquatus (May 15), q.v. 

St. Cuan. See 
St. Mochua 

(Jan. I). 

St. Cuby of Cornwall 

B. 6th cent. (Nov. 8). Of noble 
British family, he took part in 
a mission to Wales, where three 
churches are dedicated to him, 
besides the better known one 
in Cornwall. He also founded 
the great monastery at Holy- 
head. {Baring-Gould.) A Memoir 
by the Rev. J. Adams, in No. 8 
of the Journal of the Royal 
Institution of Cornwall, 1867. 

St. Cucuphas, or 
Cucubas, of Barcelona 

M. c. 303 (July 25). An African 
by birth, he came with St. Felix 
(Aug. i), q.v., to Caesarea in 
Mauretania. Trading with Bar- 
celona, he was arrested there, 
racked and decapitated. Butler 
and all Latin and Spanish Maris. 

St. Cumin of Ireland 

B. 682 (Aug. 19). Son of 
Fiachna, King of West Munster, 
he was Abbot of Keltra, in 
Lough Derg, later being ad- 
vanced to a bishopric. He died 
at Bobbio, in Italy. Butler, 
Usher, Cave, Ceillier, Mabillon, 
etc. 

St. Cumine of lona 

Ab. 669 (Oct. 6, Feb. 24). A 
nephew of St. Cumin, he was 



elected to succeed Abbot Suibne 
of lona in 657. Dempster (on 
Oct. 16), Fitz-Simon, Irish 
Kalendars. 

St. Cummian Fada of 
Kilcummin 

Ab. 662 (Nov. 12). A monk 
of Columba, he was probably 
educated in the monastery of 
Durrogh, which he left to 
found and become first abbot at 
Disert-Chuimin, nowKUcummin 
in King's County. Celt. Mart. 

St. Cunera of Rhenen 

V.M. 5th cent. (June 12). 
Strangled by her executioners. 
{Lambrecht.) Molanus, Cologne 
and Lubeck Marts. 

St. Cunegundes 

Empress. 1040 (Mar. 3). Walking 
over hot ploughshares. {Callot^ 
Walking over hot ploughshares 
and carrying one m her hand. 
{Hans Burgmaier.) Holding the 
same lily with St. Henry. {Pitti 
Gal., Mancini.) Holding model 
of the Church of St. Stephen or 
of the Cathedral at Bamberg. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Hanging her 
gloves on sunbeam. {Cahier.) 

St. Cuniald. See 
St. Conald 

(Sept. 24). 

St. Cunibert of Cologne 

Abp. 663 (Nov. 12). Church in 
hand. {Munich Gal., B. de 
Brujn.) Dove at his ear. {XV. 
cent, window, Kaiser Friedrich 
Museum, Berlin.) Dove on his 
head. {Church of St. Cunibert, 
Cologne.) Rom. and Ger. Marts., 
Ado, Usuardus, Wandelbert. 

St Cunine Fioun. See 
St. Cumine 

(Oct. 6). 

St. Cuno of Treves 

Abp. M. 1066 (June i). Ap- 
pointed by his uncle, Abp. Anus 
of Cologne, to the archbishopric 
of Treves against the popular 
desire, he was waylaid at Bide- 
burg by Count Dietrich, bound 
with chains, thrown from a 
rock, and finally stabbed to 
death. Treves Mart., Usuardus, 
Molanus, Canisius, etc. 

St. Cury. See 
St. Corentin 

Pec. 13). 

St. Cuthbert of 
Lindisfarne 

B. 687 (Mar. 20). Bearing the 
head of St. Oswald. {Statue, 
Durham Cath. Windows, Oxford 
Cath. and Wintringham.) Swans 
by his side. {Ikon.) Otters 
serving him. {Christ. Kunst.) 
Table. with three loaves, angel 
near it. {Cahier.) Pillars of 
hght above him. (ibid.) Butler, 

81 



Bede, Usuardus, Ado, Hrabanus, 
Maurus and almost all Mar- 
tyrologies. 

St. Cuthburga of 
Wimborne 

V. Q. Abs. 720 (Aug. 31). 
Sisterto St. Cyneburga and King 
Jua of Wessex, she was married 
to Alfred, K. of Northumbria, 
but entered the conventual Uf e 
at^ Barking, afterwards found- 
ing the monastery of Wimborne. 
Butler, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Sarum Breviary. 

St. Cuthman of 
Steyning 

C. c. 750 (Feb. 8). A shepherd 
bom in Devonshire or Cornwall, 
he founded and built the church 
of his name at Steyning in 
Sussex. Bearded, holding a 
church in both hands. {Engrav- 
ing.) Butler, Bollandus, an 
ancient Anglo-Saxon Kalendar 
in the Abbey at Fecamp. 

St. Cutias 

M. Son of SS. Maximus and 
Praepedigua (Feb. 18), q.v. 

St. Cybar, or Cybard, of 
Perigord. See 
St. Eparchius 

(July I). 

St. Cyby. See St. Cuby 

(Nov. 9). 

St. Cyndeus of 
Pamphylia 

P.M. c. 250 (July 11). A priest 
of Sida, tortured and burnt to 
death in the Diocletian per- 
secution. Gk. Mencea and 
Menology, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

SS. Cyprian and Justina 
of Antioch 

MM. 304 (Sept. 26). {Cyprian.) 
Burning books of magic. 
{Callot.) Devil flying away with 
him. {Cahier.) Gridiron and 
sword. {Attrib. der Heil.) Burnt 
in cauldron with St. Justina. 
{Das Passionel.) As a Greek 
bishop, holding palm and sword, 
books underfoot. {Jameson.) 
Butler, Baronius, Ceillier, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Cyprian of Carthage 

B.M. 258 (Sept. 16). Holdmg 
paJm, mitre at his feet. (P. 
Veronese, Brera. Milan.) De- 
capitated. Butler, Rom. Mart. 
{Statuary, Charires Cath.) 

SS. Cyprian and Felix 
of Carthage 

BB. MM. c. 482 (Oct. 12), 
St Cyprian, Bishop of Uniziba, 
and St. Felix, of Abbirita, were 
massacred, with nearly five 
thousand other African Chris- 
tians, by Moors in the Vandal 
persecution under Huneric. 
Rom. and Latin Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Cyprian of 
Dordogne 

c. 581 (Dec. 9). He was abbot 
of Perigueux. 

St. Cyprian of Toulon 

c- 565 (Oct. 3). Sword and 
crosier ; a tower near him. 
(XF/. cent, stained, glass.) 

St. Cyprian 

M. Companion of St. Codratus 
(Mar. 10), q.v. 

St. Cyr 

M. 292 (Jan. 31). Holding a 
bunch of herbs. (Cahier.) 

St. Cyr, or Cyriacus, of 
Tarsus 

Ch.M. 304 (June 16). Standing 
with his mother, St. Julitta, 
both holding pahns. (Sea^ of 
the Convent of St. Quiricus.) 
Dashed by judge against steps 
of tribunal. (Callot.) Riding a 
wild boar. {Der Heyl. Liber.) 
Butler, Ruinart, all Rom. Marts. 

St. Cyra. See St. Kiara 

(Oct. 16). 

St. Cyra 

Companion of St. Marana (Aug. 

3). q--"- 
St. Cyrenia. See 
St. Cyriacus 

(June 16). 

St. Cyriac 

M. c. 250. Companion of St. 
Antiochus (July 15), q.v. 

St. Cyriacus of Jeru- 
salem 

B.M. 284 (May 4). Plunged into 
a cauldron. (Callot.) Collecting 
money in dish for poor pilgrims. 
(Ch. of the Benedictines, Liessies.) 
Palm in hand, holding a chained 
devil. (Bonn. Cath.) Cross or 
three crosses in hand. (Cahier.) 
Dragon or devil under his feet 
or chained near him. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Crown near a girl, 
freed by him from the devil. 
(Ibid.) 

St. Cyriacus 

H. (Sept. 29.) Drawing water 
from well. (Peres des Deserts.) 

St. Cyriacus, Dn., and 
Companions, of Rome 

MM. c. 303 (Aug. 8.) Tied to a 
stake with hot pitch poured on 
his head. (Callot.) Si. Jerome, 
Rom. Mart., Sarum and York 
Breviaries, etc. 

St. Cyriacus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Cyriacus 

M. Companion of St. Satyrus 
(Jan. 12), q.v. 



St. Cyril 

C 1224 (n.d.) Angel handing 
him two tablets from a cloud. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Cyril of Alexandria 

Patr. d. June 444 (Jan. 28). 
The B.V. Mary appearing to 
him. (Callot.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., Tillemont, Ceillier, etc. 

St. Cyril of Caesarea 
(Cappadocia) 

Ch.M. (May 29). A child, he 
was put to the sword in either 
the Decian or Valerian persecu- 
tion. Butler, St Jerome, Florus, 
Ruinart, Henschenius. 

St. Cyril of Crete 

B.M. c. 304 (July g). Brought 
before the governor, Agrianus, 
during the Maximinian persecu- 
tion, he was drawn in a cart by 
buUocks to the place of execu- 
tion and burnt to death. Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Cyril of Jerusalem 

B. d. 389 (Mar. 18). Purse in 
hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men., Sozomen, 
Theodoret, etc. 

SS. Cyril (Abp.) and 
Methodius of Moravia 

CC. c. 880 (Dec. 22). St. Cyril 
with Bulgarian converts round 
him. (Ikon.) St. Cyril bearded, 
in philosopher's long habit. 
(Baring-Gould.) St. Methodius 
in archiepiscopal vestments, 
holding a pictvure of the Last 
Judgment. (Baring-Gould.) 

Both saints holding a church. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Henschenius, 
Kohlius, Rom. and Slav. Marts., 
etc. 

St. Cyril 

M. Companion of St. Mark 
(Mar. 29), q.v. 

St. Cyrilla of Rome 

V.M. c. 258 (Oct. 28). Holding 
hot coals in her hand. (Weyen^ 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus, 
Wandelbert. 

St. Cyrillus 

M. Companion of St. Anastasia 
(Oct. 28), q.v. 

St. Cyrina 

V.M. Companion of St. Juliana 

(Nov. 1), q.v. 

St. Cyrinus 

M. Companion of St. Alphius 
(May 10), q.v. 

St. Cyrinus 

M. Companion of St. Basilides 
(June 12), q.v. 

St. Cyrinus 

M. Companion of St. Theogius 
(Jan. 3), q.v. 

St. Cyrus of Carthage 

B. N.D. (June 14). This name is 
said to have been inserted in the 
82 



Modern Roman Martyrology by 
Baronius on account of its being 
mentioned on one occasion by 
St. Augustine. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Cyrus of Piedmont 

c. 334 (June 29). Bishop of 
Genoa. 

SS. Cyrus and John of 
Egypt 

MM. 250 (Jan. 31). St Cyrus, 
a physician of Alexandria, and 
St. John, an Arabian, with four 
women, were tortured and be- 
headed at Canope. Butler, 
Bollandus, Ancient Greek Acts. 

St. Dabius, See 
St. Davius 

(July 22). 

St. Dadas 

M. Companion of St. Maximus 
(Apr. 13), q.v. 

St. Dadon. See 
St. Oven 

(Aug. 24). 

St. Dafrosa 

W. 361 (Jan. 4). Wife of Flavian 
the Martyr and afterwards of 
one Faustus, who also suffered 
for the faith in the reign of 
Julian the Apostate. Rom. 
Mart., Bede, Ado, Notker, 
Maurolycus. 

St. Dagaeus 

587 (Aug. 18). Bishop of 
Iniscaoin-Deghadh in Ireland. 

St. Dairchilla. See 
St. Moling 

(June 17). 

St. Dalmatius of Con- 
stantinople 

Ab. c. 440 (Aug. 3). Formerly 
in the Theodosian Guards, he 
was persuaded by St. Isaac, 
an abbot of Constantinople, to 
enter his monastery, where he 
succeeded St. Isaac as abbot on 
his death. Menology of the 
Emperor Basil, Syriac and 
Armenian Kalendars. 

St. Dalmatius of 
Lombardy 

M. 304 (Dec. 5). Bishop of 
Pavia. 

St. Damasus of Rome 

Po. C. 384 pec. II). Holding 
a ring. (Weyen.) Holding a 
screen with " Gloria Patri," etc., 
on it. (Cahier.) Church door 
behind him. (Ibid.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart., St. Ambrose, 
Rufines, Theodoret. 

St. Damian 

M. Companion of St. Cosmas 
(Sept. 27). 

St. Damien 

H. Companion of St. Zebinas 
(Feb. 23), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Damhnade of 
Ireland \ 

V. (Jtme 13). Titular saint of 
the counties of Fermanagh and 
Cavan. 

St. Daniel 

M. (Oct. 13). One of the seven 
Franciscan Martyrs, q.v. 

St. Daniel Stylites of 
Constantinople 

H. c. 489 (Dec. 11). Living on 
a pillar. {Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
Man., Gk. Men., Thedorus 
Lector, Evagrius, Theophanes, etc. 

St. Daniel of Gerona 
(Spain) 

H.M. (Apr. 24). Beheaded at 
Aries. Spn. Marts. 

St. Daniel of Lodi 

M. Church in his hand. (Cahier.) 

SS. Daniel, P., and 
Verda, Y., of Persia 

MM. 344 (Feb. 21). Tortured 
and decapitated in the province 
of the Razicheans during the 
reign of K. Sapor II. Butler, 
Syriac Acts by St. Maruthas. 

St. Daniel of Venice 

C. 1411 (Mar. 31). A German 
merchant who lived in the 
cloisters of the convent of St. 
Matthias at Venice. He was 
assassinated by robbers. Mar- 
tyrology of Camaldoli, Bucelinus. 

St. Daniel of Wales 

545 (Nov. 23). Ordained first 
Bishop of Bangor by St. 
Dubricius. Butler, Usher. 

St. Daniel. See 
St. Deiniol 

(Dec. 10). 

St. Daniel 

M. Companion of St. Elias (Feb. 
16), q.v. 

St. Daria 

M. (Oct. 25) Companion of St. 
Chrysanthus, q.v. 

St. Darlugdach of 
Ireland 

V. 526 (Feb. i). A friend of St. 
Bridget and an inmate of that 
saint's monastery at KUdare. 

St. Dathy. See 
St. Nathy 

(Aug. 9). 

St. Datius of Milan 

B. c. 552 (Jan. 14). Bishop of 
Milan. After the capture of that 
city by the Goths he escaped to 
Constantinople. Rom. and Latin 
Marts. 

St. Dativa 

M. Sister and Companion of St. 
Dionysia (Dec. 6), q.v. 

St. Dativus 

M. Companion of St. Neme- 
sianus (Sept. 10), q.v. 



St. Datus of Ravenna 

B. c. 185 "(July 3). Said to have 
been the seventh bishop of 
Ravenna, after St. Apollinaris, 
and the successor to St. Probus. 
Rom. Mart, only since 1608. 
No ancient authority. 

St. David of Munkdorp 

Ab. c. 1060 (July 15). Hanging 
gloves on sunbeam. [Cahier^ 

St. David. See 
St. Nathy 

(Aug. 9). 

Bl. David, K. of 
Scotland 

1153 (n.d.) Banner charged 
with a harp. {Cahier.) Church 
in his hand. (Ibid.) 

St. David of Thessa- 
lonica 

H. c. 650 (June 26). A hermit, 
celebrated for his virtues and 
eloquence. Rom. Mart., Gk. 
Men. 

St. David of Wales 

Abp. c. 544 (Mar. i). Preaching 
on a Ml, dove on his shoulder. 
(Callot.) Butler, Giraldus Cam- 
brensis, Rom., Celt., Scot, and 
Eng. Marts. 

St. David 

M. Companion of St. Romanus 
(July 24J, q.v. 

St. Davinus or Davius 

C. 1651 (June 3). Bearing a 
cross on his shoulder. (Cahier.) 
Vine growing on his grave, 
(Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Davius of 
Scotland 

N.D. (July 22). Of Irish birth, 
he preached in Scotland and is 
patron of the parish of Domnach 
Cluanna, co. Down, and of 
Movean, in the Highlsinds. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Declan of Ireland 

450 (July 24). Baptized by St. 
Colman, he preached before the 
arrival of St. Patrick, who ap- 
pointed hitn first Bishop of 
Ardmore. Butler, Colgan, Usher 
and Bosch. 

St. Decuman, or Dege- 
man, of Somersetshire 

H.M. c. 706 (Aug. 27). Of noble 
parentage, tradition states that 
he floated across the Severn Sea 
on a faggot of rushes. A church 
is dedicated to him at Watchet. 
Wilson, Wyon, Ferrarius, Bol- 
landists. 

St. I)eicolus of 
Burgundy 

Ab. c. 600 (Jan. 18). A native 
of Ireland, he left that cotmtry 
with St. Columban and lived 
with him in East Anglia and 
at Luxen (France). He was 

88 



the founder of the Abbey of 
Lure. Butler, Rom. Mart., Eng. 
Kalendar. 

St. Deiniol of Wales 

c. 545 Pec. 10 or Nov. 23). Son 
of Dunawd Fyr, he assisted his 
father in the establishment of 
a monastery at Bangor, being 
made first Bishop when Bangor 
was raised to a see. Butter, 
Geo-ffrey of Monmouth, Usher, etc. 

St. Dell. See 
St. Deicolus 

(Jan. 18). 

St. Delphine of Apt 

W. 1369 (Nov. 26). Wife of St. 
Elzear (Sept. 27) , q.v. Franciscan 
Mart. 

St. Delphinus of 
Bordeaux 

B. c. 380 (Dec. 24). Holding a 
church. (Weyen.) Rom. and 
Gall. Marts., St. Ambrose. 

St. Demetrius of Egypt 

231 (Oct. 9). Bishop of Alex- 
andria. 

St. Demetrius of 
Spoleto 

C. (n.d.). Golden rays around 
head. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Demetrius of 
Thessalonica 

M. c. 300 (Aug. 14 or Oct. 8). 
Holding a lance and arrow. 
(Ikon.) Devil appearing as 
scorpion in prison. (icon. 
Sancf.) Bede, Ado, Notker, 
Hrabanus, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Denain. See 
St. Deuthlin 

(July 14). 

St. Denick. See 
St. Devinic 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Denis. See 
St. Dionysius 

(Oct. 9). 

St. Dentlin of Hainault 

Ch. 7th cent. (July 14). Boy 
with a hawk on his wrist. 
(Shrine of^St. Vincent Madelgar, 
Soignies ; Roodscreen, Holne.) 
Belg. and Cologne Marts. 

St. Denysa. See 
St. Dionysia 

(May 15). 

St. Denyw. See 
St. Thenew 

(July i8)- 
St. Deocharus 

Ab. N.D. Open tomb exhaling 
a sweet odom:. (Bavaria Pia.) 

St. Deodatus of Italy 

473 (June 27). Bishop of Nola. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Deodatus of Nevers 

B.C. 679 (June 19). Healing a 
madwoman. {Ikon.) Reaching 
his hand towards thunder- 
clouds. (Aitrib. der Heil.) 
Church in hand. (Cahier.) Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Deodatus of Orleans 

6th cent. (Apr. 24). Abbot of 
Blois. 

St. Deogratias of 
Carthage 

B. d. C.456 (Mar. 22). Renowned 
for his acts of mercy towards 
Genseric's Roman captives sold 
into slavery in Africa. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Deruvian. See 
St. Decuman 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Deseri. See 
St. Desiderius 

(May 23). 

St. Desideratus of Berri 

6th cent. (May 8). Bishop of 
Bourges. 

St. Desideratus of the 
Jura 

4th cent. (July 27). A Bishop 
of Besangon. 

St. Desiderius of 
Champagne 

c. 621 (Oct. 27). Bishop of 
Auxerre. 

St. Desiderius of 
Gruienne 

634 (Nov. 15). Was Bishop of 
Cahors. 

St. Desiderius of 
Langres 

B.M. c. 407 (May 23). A native 
of Genoa martjrred during the 
Vandal conquest of Champagne. 
Usuardus, Ado, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Desiderius of Yienne 

B.M. 612 (May 23). Strangled. 
(Callot.) Rope in hand. [Ikon.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

Bl, Desiderius 

c. 1150 (n.d.). Keeping the 
cattle of his monastery. {Cahier.) 

St. Desir. See 
St. Desiderius 

(May 23). 

St. Deusdedit 

C. 6th cent. (Aug. 10). Celestial 
palace appearing to him. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Deusdedit. See 
St. Adeodatus 

(July 15). 
St. Deusdedit of Italy 

834 (Oct. 9). An abbot of 
Monte Casino. 



St. Deusdedit of 
Rome 

618 (Nov. 8). Successor to 
Boniface IV. in the papal chair. 
Rom. Mart., Anastasius the 
Librarian. 

St. Devinic of Scotland 

B. c. 580 (Nov. 13). Was 
missionary to Caithness. Demp- 
ster, Adam King, David Oamer- 
arius, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Devota of Monaco 

V.M. 3rd cent. (Jan. 27^. Dove 
flying from her mouth. {Cahier.) 
Dove guiding the vessel with 
her relics. {Ibid.) And her Acts. 

St. Dewi. See 
St. David 

(Mar. I). 

St. Dichul. See 
St. Deicolus 

(Jan. 18). 

St. Didacus, or Diego, 
of Alcala 

C. 1463 (Nov. 13). Infant 
Jesus in his arms. {Cahier.) 
Cross in hand. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Cross brought by angel. 
{Hueberus.) Cross on his shoul- 
ders, tunic full of roses. {Louvre, 
Murillo.) Angels cooking for 
him, the saint in an ecstasy. 
{Jameson.) Drawing a child 
from oven imhurt. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Mark of Lisbon, Sedulius, 

St. Didier. See 
St. Desiderius 

(May 23). 

St. Didymus 

M. Companion of St. Theodora 
(Apr. 28), q.v. Crucified, with 
flesh torn. {Ikon.) Treading on 
serpents. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Die. See 
St. Deodatus 

(June 19). 

St. Diego. See 
St. Didacus 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Diey. See 
St. Deicolus 

(Jan. 18). 

St. Digna 

V.M. c. 256 (June 14). Tom 
with iron hooks. {Cahier.) 

SS. Digna and Emerita 
of Rome 

VV. MM. 3rd cent. (Sept. 22). 
Tortured to death by the judge, 
Gaine, in the Valerian persecu- 
tion. Rom. Mart., The Saints' 
Acts. 

St. Digna 

M. Servant and companion of 
St. Afra (Aug. 5), q.v. 

34 



St. Digna 

M. Servant of St. Hilaria (Aug. 
12), q.v. 

St. Dimas, See 
St. Dismas 

(Mar. 25). 

St. Diodorus 

M. (Feb. 25). Companion of St. 
Victorinus, q.v. He was burned 
alive during the Decian per- 
secution. 

St. Diogenes of 
Flanders 

B.M. 407. Bishop of the joint 
diocese of Cambray and Arras, 
he was martyred by the Vandals. 

St. Diomede of Nicaea 

M. c. 304 (Aug. 16). A physician 
of Cflicia, who was arrested 
during the Diocletian persecu- 
tion and died on the way to 
trial. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Dionysia and Com- 
panions, of Africa 

MM. 484 pec. 6). Victims of 
the Vandal persecution under 
Huneric. Rom. Mart., Usuardus. 

St. Dionysia 

M. Companion of St. Epimar- 
chus (Dec. 12), q.v. 

St. Dionysia 

V.M. Companion of St. Peter 
(May 15), q.v. 

St. Dionysius the Great, 
of Alexandria 

B.C. 264 (Nov. 17). Converted 
to Christianity in the school of 
Origen, he succeeded Heraclas 
as head of the catechetical 
school, later becoming elected 
to the bishopric of Alexandria. 
Butler, Rom. Mart., Ado, 
Usuardus, Eusebius, Tillemont, 
Bie, etc. 

St. Dionysius the 
Areopagite of Athens 

B.M. 1st cent. (Oct. 3). A grid- 
iron. {Antechapel. Mag. Coll., 
Oxon.) Butler, Tillemont, Cave, 
Bede, Ado and all Martyrologies. 

St. Dionysius of 
Augsburg 

BM. 303 (Feb. 26). Brother 
to St. Hilaria (Aug. 12) and 
father to St. Afra (Aug. 7), he 
was converted, with them and 
others, by St. Narcissus, by 
whom he was ordained their 
priest or bishop. Ger. Mart. 

St. Dionysius of Corinth 

B.C. c. 180 (Apr. 8). His writ- 
ings are referred to by Eusebius, 
who cites him as his authority 
for the statement that SS. 
Peter and Paul suffered at the 
same time in Italy. Gk. Men. 
(on Nov. 29), Rom. Mart., 
Usuardus, Molanus, etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Dionysius of Kieff 

1180 (June 26). Was Archbishop 
of Sugdaea in Bulgaria, whence 
he was expelled, and going to 
Nijni Novgorod, there founded 
the Peischericon monastery. 
Russ. Kalendar and the Bol- 
landists. 

St. Dionysius of 
Lombardy 

Early 4th cent. (May 25). 
Bishop of Milan. 

St. Dionysius of Paris 

B.M. 272 (Oct. 9). Beheaded. 
{Pantheon, Paris.) Our Saviour 
communicating him in prison. 
{Window, St. Pierre, Chartres.) 
Carrying his mitred head in 
his hands. {Arbor Past, and 
Tab. de la Croix.) Caxiying a 
tonsured head, his own head 
on and mitred. {Formerly at 
Hempstead Ch.) Bareheaded, 
canying another bare head. 
{E. window, St. Mark's, Bristol.) 
In white chasuble, canying a 
head with mitre and halo. 
{Window, Methley, Yorks.) 
With his head, mitred, on a 
book. {Ch. of St. Catherine, 
Esslingen.) Carrying his head, 
mitred ; two angels holding a 
crown above him. {Rheims 
Cath.) Canying mitre with 
upper part of his head in it, 
lower part on his shoulders, 
bleeding. {Isabella Breviary, 
Brit. Mus.) Tied to a cross- 
shaped tree, mitre on his head, 
two maUets on ground. (S. 
aisle, Si. Denis, Paris.) Mitred 
head in hand, an angel guiding 
him. {Window, St. Pierre, 
Chartres.) Butler and all 
Western Marts. 

St. Dionysius of Rome 

269 (Dec. 26). Successor to St. 
Sixtus in the Papal Chair, he 
accused St. Dionysius of Alex- 
andria of heresy. Rom. Mart., 
Eusebius. 

St. Dionysius 

M. (July 27). One of the seven 
sleepers of Ephesus, q.v. A 
large nail. {Museum Victorium, 
Rome.) 

SS. Dionysius, Aemilian 
and Sebastian of Lesser 
Armenia 

MM. N.D. (Feb. 8). Of these 
saints nothing is known, though 
they figure in many Martyr- 
ologies. BoUandus substitutes 
for their last acts the acts of SS. 
" Aemilian, Hermippus and 
Dionysius." Rom. Mart., Jerome, 
Bede,N other. Ado, Usuardus,etc. 

St. Dionysius 

M. Companion of St. Codratus 
(Mar. 10), q.v. 

St. Dionysius 

M. Companion of St. Hilary 
(Mar. 16), q.v. 



St. Dionysius of Tripolis 

M. Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. 

St. Dionysius 

M. Another companion of St. 
Timolaus (Mar. 24). q.v. 

St. Dioscorus 

M. N.D. (Feb. 15). Sides burnt 
with torches. {Callot.) 

St. Disen, or Disibod-us, 
of Maintz 

B.C. 674 (Sept. 8 or July 8). 
In abbot's vestments, holding 
the model of a church. {Engrav- 
ing.) Butler, Surius, Hrabanus, 
Maurus, Solier, etc. 

St. Dismas, the peni- 
tent thief 

33 (Mar. 25). Angel receiving 
his soul. {Cahier.) TaU cross 
by his side. {Aitrib. der Heil.) 
Baronius, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Dizier. See 
St. Desiderius 

(May 23). 

St. Dochonna. See 
St. Machar 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Docmael of 
Pembroke 

H. 6th cent. (Jime 14). Under 
the name of St. Toel, a titular 
saint of the church of Pomerit 
Jandy near Trequier. Butler, 
Chatelain. 

St. Doda 

V. Companion of St. Bova 
(Apr. 24), q.v. 

St. Dodolin 

7th cent. (Apr. i). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Domangart of Slieve 
Dohart 

B. Early 6th cent. (Mar. 24). 
Son of Euchodius, K. of Ulster, 
and founder of a monastery 
on the promontory of Slieve 
Slainge. Irish Marts. 

St. Dominic of Bologna 

C. 1221 (Aug. 4). Lily in hand, 
star over his head. {Pitti Gal., 
B. Angelico.) Lily in hand, star 
on his head. {A. Baldovinetti.) 
Lily in hand, star on his breast. 
{Public Gal., Siena.) LUy in 
hand, star on his forehead. 
{Vienna Gal., D. Feti.) Dog 
setting fire to a globe with a 
torch. {Tab. de la Croix.) Lily 
in one hand, monastery in the 
other. {Miss, Praedicatorum, 
Venice, 1504.) Lily and book. 
{Buffalmacco.) Cross and rosary. 
{Chorographia Sacra Brabantice.) 
Lily in right hand, statue of 
B.V. Mary on book in left, 
{Lovabo dish, Cossey Hall.) 
Angel bringing bread for him 
and his community. {Cahier.) 

35 



Book and pilgrim's staff. {MS. 
Hours.) Rosaries in hand, star 
on forehead. {Vienna Gal., 
Caravaggio.) TaU staff with 
crucifix, dog firing a globe. 
{Lucas V. Ley den.) Receiving 
the keys from St. Peter. {Fresco, 
St. Maria, St. Minerva, Rome.) 
Holding scroll with the words : 
" Timete Deum, quia veniet hora 
judicii ejus." {Juan de Joanes.) 
Facing the devil to hold a candle 
for him to write. {Lubleyras.) 
Receiving commission to preach 
from SS. Paul and Peter. {Nic- 
colo Pisano.) Walking with a 
bishop over thorns. {Gueffier.) 
Spanow near him. {Ikon.) 
Kneeling before B.V.M. and SS. 
Catherine and Cecilia. {Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Sword in hand, 
books burning. {Fra Angelica, 
fresco L. Spada, Bologna.) Tak- 
ing part in battle. {Cahier.) 
All Mariyrologies. 

St. Dominic of 
Campania 

1031 (Jan. 22). An abbot of 
Sora. 

St. Dominic de Calzada 
of Castile 

H.C. 1109 (May 12). Cock 
perched on his hand. {Cahier.) 
A bridge and fortified town. 
{Old seal, Cahier.) 

St. Dominic of 
Lombardy 

c. 600 (Dec. 20). Bishop of 
Brescia. 

St. Dominic Loricatus 
of San Severino 

C. 1060 (Oct. 14). Scourging 
himself in the cold, his coat of 
mail lying on ground. {Soli- 
tudo.) Butler, A Life by St. 
Peter Damian. 

St. Dominica of 
Tropea 

V.M. 4th cent. (July 6). A 
Campanian by birth, martyred 
in the Diocletian or Maximian 
persecution. Baronius. 

St. Dominica 

M. Sister and companion of St. 
Indract (Feb. 5), q.v. 

St. Dominick. See 
St. Modomnoc 

(Feb. 13). 

St. Domitian of 
Armenia 

B.C. c. 600 (Jan. 10). A friend 
of the Emperor Maurice, he 
became Bishop of Melitene and 
died at Constantinople. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Domitian of the 
Jura 

4th or 5th cent. (July i). 
Abbot of St. Rembert. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Domitian of 
Maestrict 

B. c. 560 (May 7). Bom in 
France, hewas Bishop of Tongres 
before his election to the see 
of Maestrict. He is patron of 
Huy on the Meuse, where his 
body hes buried. Belg. Marts. 

St. Dommoc. Bee 
St. Modomnoc 

(Feb. 13). 

St. Domnan of Ross- 
shire 

M. c. 600 (Apr. 17). An Irish 
missionary to Scotland, mur- 
dered at Loch Ewe by pirates. 
Tallaght and Donegal Marts., 
Cashel Kalendar. 

St. Domnina of Cilicia 

M. c. 304 (Oct. 12). A native 
of Anazarbus tortured in the 
Diocletian persecution till she 
died of exhaustion. Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Domnina of Syria 

V.H. c. 460 (Mar. i). Recorded 
by the Bishop Theodoret as 
renowned for her austerity and 
good Works. Gk. Menologium. 

St. Domnina, and Com- 
panions, of Syria 

MM. 305 (Oct. 4). Captured 
when flying from the Diocletian 
persecution, they drowned them- 
selves. Gk. Men., Eusebius, 
St. Ambrose. 

St. Domninus of 
Languedoc 

300 (Feb. 13). Bishop of Digne. 

St. Domninus of the 
Lyonnais 

c. 536 (Nov. 3). Was Bishop 
of Vienne. 

St. Domninus of Parma 

M. 304 (Oct. 9). An ofi&cer of the 
Court of Maximian Herculeus 
at Milan, murdered during his 
flight to Rome. Butler, Tille- 
mont, the Saint's Acts. 

St. Domnohus, or 
Domnolus, of Le Mans 

B. 581 (May 16). Holding the 
plan of a monastery. {Gueffier.) 

St. Donald of Scotland 

C. c. 716 (July 15). Led a 
religious hfe with his nine 
daughters in the Glen of Ogilvy, 
Forfarshire. Aberdeen Breviary, 
Scottish Kalendar. 

St. Donata 

(July 17). One of the Scillitan 
Martyrs, companion of St. 
Speratus, q.v. 

St. Donatella of Africa 

M. c. 305 (July 30). Burnt on a 
gridiron. [Callot.) 



SS. Donatian and 
Rogatian of Nantes 

MM. c. 286 (May 24). Two 
brothers of noble birth mar- 
tyred by being racked, their 
heads pierced with lances and 
decapitated. Butler, Ruinart, 
Tillemont and Ceillier. 

St. Donatian of 
Rheims 

B. c. 380 (Oct. 14). Sword and 
lance. {Ikon.) Holding wheel 
set with tapers. {Cahier, Crypt, 
Ghent Cath.) Butler, Flodoard 
and Molanus. 

St. Donatian 

M. Companion of St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

St. Donatianus, and 
Companions, of Africa 

BB. CC. c. 483 (Sept. 6). Bishops 
of the province of Byzacene, 
banished by Huneric to Corsica. 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus. 

St. Donatus of Arezzo 

B.M. 362 (Aug. 7). Holding 
sword and palm. (Ikon.) Tree 
struck by Ughtning behind him. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Freeing a 
well from a dragon. [Der Heyl. 
Leb.) In armour, weU near, 
holding crosier. [Window, Ket- 
teringham.) Reading in cave. 
(Callot.) On horseback, threaten- 
ing dragon with crosier. (Cahier.) 
Butler. 

St. Donatus of Evroea 

B. c. 387 (Apr. 30). Was 
Bishop of Chamaezephyra and 
a contemporary of St. Donatus 
of Arezzo, with whom he has 
sometimes been confused. Gk. 
Men. and Rom. Mart., Sozomen. 

St. Donatus, or 
Donatian, of Fiesole 

B.C. c. 874 (Oct. 22). Irish 
wolfhound at foot. (Altar 
Cath., Fiesole.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., Colgan. 

St. Donatus of 
Munstereifel 

M. (June 30). Venerated in the 
diocese of Cologne. Holding a 
palm branch ; church struck 
by lightning near him. (Baring- 
Gould.) 

St. Donatus 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Donatus 

M. Companion of St. Placidus 
(Oct. 5), q.v. 

St. Donevaldus. See 
St. Donald 

(July 15)- 
St. Donulus 

M. One of the Seven Franciscan 
Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

36 



St. Dorbhene Fada 

713 (Oct. 28). Abbot of lona, 
he was descended from Loam, 
uncle of St. Columba. Celt, 
and Scot. Marts. 

St. Dorotheus the 
Theban of Egypt 

H. c. 380 (June 5). Living as a 
recluse on the road from Nitria 
to Alexandria, he was noted 
for his austerity. Butler, Pal- 
ladius, Sozomen, Gk. Men. 

St. Dorotheus of Tyre 

B.M. 362 (Junes). Beaten with 
clubs. (An old Greek Menology 
at the Vatican.) Scourge in his 
hand. (Ikon.) Butler, Gk. Men., 
Rom. and Russ. Marts. 

SS. Dorotheus and 
Gorgonius of JSTicomedia 

MM. 303 (Sept. 9 and Mar. 12). 
Two of&cials in the palace of 
Diocletian, who, with one Peter, 
a woman named Maxima, and 
Migdo, a priest, were tortured 
and strangled for the faith. 
Butler, Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuar- 
dus, Eusebius. 

St. Dorothy of 
Cappadocia 

M. c. 303 (Feb. 6). Roses in 
her lap, posy in hand. (Siena 
Acad.) Crown of roses, basket 
of roses before her. ^(/. Melem. 
Boisseree Gal.) Holding paJm, 
roses and apples from Paradise. 
(Vandyck.) With fruit and 
flowers. (Roodscreen, N. Elm- 
ham.) Tail bunch of flowers. 
(Roodscreen, Trimingham.) An- 
gel bringing her fruit. (Darm- 
stadt Gal. ) Floral wreath in one 
hand, palm in other. (Solitaire.) 
Child presenting basket of three 
apples and three roses. (Primer, 
1516.) Tied to a stake, side 
burned with a torch. (Callot.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Dositheus of 
Palestine 

Mk. c. 530 (Feb. 23). Page to 
an officer in the army, he was 
converted and entered the mon- 
astery of St. Serides. Peter 
Calesinus and Ferrarius. 

St. Dotto of Orkney 

Ab. 6th cent. (Apr. 9). Founder 
and first abbot of a great mon- 
astery in the Orkney Islands. 
Butler, Donald Monroe. 

St. Drausius, or 
Drausinus, of Soissons 

B. Late 7th cent. (Mar. 5). 
Pupil and successor to St. 
Anseric, Bishop of Soissons. 

St. Droctoveus of 
St. Germain 

Ab. c. 576 (Mar. 10). Of Bur- 
gundian birth, he was a pupil 
of St. Germain at Autun, suc- 
ceeding him as abbot of the 



PLATE [I, 





ST. T.ATIRF^NCR. D.M. 



ST. Dr'NSTAN. Ah p. 



XV, Century Window, Trullchurch, 
Somerset, 



XV Century Window, Ludlo\ 



Saints and their Emblems 



monastery of SS. Cross and 
Vincent, afterwards St. Ger- 
main des Prds. Butler, Rom. 
and Gall Maris., Usuardus, 
Maurolycus and MabiUon. 

St. Drogo, or Druon, of 
Yalenciennes 

H. 1186 (Apr. 16). Tending 
sheep. [Attrib. der Heil) 
Butler, Rom. Mari., Molanus, 
Papebroke. 

St. Droseri. See 
St. Desiderius 

(May 23). 

St. Drostau of Scotland 

Ab. C. c. 809 (July 11). A 
nephew and pupil of St. 
Columba, he foimded chiirches 
in Glen esk and at Kildrostan, 
near El-gin. Butler, Dempster, 
Wilson, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Drotte. See 
St. Droctoveus 

(Mar 10). 

St. Drugo. See 
St. Drogo 

(Apr. 16). 

St. Dubricius of Wales 

Abp. C. 524 (Nov. 14). Holding 
in his left hand two crosiers 
and an archiepiscopal cross. 
(Dugd. G. II., Ash. Mus., 
Oxford.) Butler, Alford, Leland, 
A Life by Benedict of Gloucester. 

St. Dubtach of Ireland 

513 (Oct. 7). Archbishop of 
Armagh. 

St. Dula of Nicomedia 

V.M. n.d] (Mar. 25). Servant 
to a soldier, who murdered her. 
Rom. and most ancient Western 
Marts. 

St. Dulas of Cilicia 

M. Early 4th cent. (June 15). 
A native of Zephsninum, tor- 
tured to death by the prefect, 
Maximus. Gk. Men. and Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Dulcissimus 

M. Companion of St. Romulus 
(July 6), q.v. 

St. Dumhade of 
Ireland 

Ab. 717 (May 25). Abbot of St. 
Columbkai's great monastery, 
he is the titular saint of Kill- 
clocair, co. Armagh. 

St. Dunstan of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 988 (May 19). Seizing 
devil with pincers. (Window, 
Bodleian Lib., Oxford; Rood- 
screen, Gt. Plumstead.) Kneeling 
before Christ. {Picture in Bod- 
leian Oxford Hist. Angl. Serif t., 
1647. ) Dove hovering near mm. 
{Saxon, MS., Claud Brit. Mus.) 
At an altar, dove at his ear. 
{Old engraving.) Troop of angels 



before him. {Ikon.) Pla3dng on 
harp. {Lives of Saints by F. 
Porter.) Crucifix speaking to 
him. (Ibid.) All Martyrologies. 

St. Duthac of Scotland 

d. 1253 (Mar. 8). Of illustrious 
Scottish family, he became 
bishop of Ross. Butler, Aberdeen 
Breviary, Leslie, Dempster. 

St. Duvian. See 
St. Decuman 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Duynwen. See 
St. Thenew 

(July 18). 
St. Dwywan. See 
St. Decuman 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Dyfrig. See 
St. Dubricius 

(Nov. 14). 

SS. Dymphna, or 
Genebern, of Grheel 

V.P. MM. c. 650 (May 15). 
St. Dymphna beheaded by tiie 
King, her father. {Callot.) 
Sword in hand, piercing the 
devil. {Old engraving.) Leading 
the devil boimd. {Atirib. der 
Heil.) At Mass, her father 
denouncing the priest. {Soli- 
tudo.) Praying in a cloud sur- 
rounded by a group of lunatics, 
bound with golden chains. 
{Altar-piece at Gheel.) Butler, 
Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Eadbert of Lindis- 
farne 

B. 698 (May 6). Successor to 
St. Cuthbert in the see of Lin- 
disfame. He is sometimes con- 
fused with St. Egbert of lona 
(Apr. 24), q.v. Rom. and Eng. 
Marts., Bede. 

St. Eadburge of Kent 

Abs. 751 (Dec. 12). Foimdress 
of a church in honour of SS. 
Peter and Paul at Menstrey 
in the Isle of Thanet, into which 
she caused to be translated 
the body of her predecessor, St. 
Mildred (Feb. 20), q.v. Butter, 
Capgrave, Thorne. 

St. Eadgithe. See 
St. Editha 

(Sept. 16). 

St. Eanswide of 
Folkestone 

V. Abs. c. 650 (Aug. 31 and 
Sept. 12). Two fishes on a half 
hoop. {Corp. seal, Folkestone.) 
Crown, crosier and book, a fish 
on either side of her. {Mayor- 
alty seal, Folkestone.) Standing 
on a fish ; holding staff and 
palm. {Ivory Panel. British 
Mus.) Butler, Capgrave, Harps- 
field, Alford, Wilson (on Sept. 
12), Wyon, Menardus and the 
BoUandists (on Aug. 31). 

87 



St. Earcongotha of 
Faremoutier 

V. Abs. c. 670 (Feb. 23). 
Daughter of Ercombert, King of 
Kent and a nun in the French 
community at Faremoutier. 
Bede, Bene. Mart. 

St. Easterwin of 
Wearmouth 

Ab. 785 (Mar. 7). Nephew and 
coadjutor of St. Benedict Biscop 
(Jan. 12), q.v. Montalembert s 
Life of St. Benedict Biscop. 

St. Eata of Hexham 

B. 685 (Oct. 26). First abbot 
of Mehose, he was consecrated 
first bishop of Hexham, when 
the see was divided from that 
of York. Dempster (on May 7), 
Menardus, Bede. 

St. Ebba, first Abbess of 
Coldingham 

V. 683 (Aug. 25). Holding a 
knife. {Cahier.) Butler, Wilson, 
Whitford, Bede. 

St. Ebba of Coldingham, 
Abs., and Companions 

MM. c. 874 (Apr. 2). Attacked 
in her abbey by Danes, she and 
hermmsmutilated their features 
before falling into the hands of 
the pirates. She is not to be 
confused with St. Ebba, foun- 
dress of Coldiagham Abbey 
(Aug. 25), q.v. Butler, Matthew 
of Westminster, Baronius. 

St. Eberhardt of Austria 

1164 (June 22). Archbishop of 
Salzburg. 

Bl. Eberhardt of 
Schaflfhausen 

Mk. nth cent. (Apr. 7). Son 
of Eppo, Count of Nelburg and 
grandson of St. Stephen, King 
of Hungary, he founded the 
Benedictine abbey at Schaff- 
hausen. 

St. Eberhardus. See 
St. Erhard 

(Feb. 9). 

St. Ebrulfus of 
Normandy 

Ab. C. 596 pec. 29). Bom at 
Bayeux of good family, he 
founded the monastery of 
Ouche, endowed by King 
Cluldebert. Butler, Bulteau, 
Mabillon, Guillaume of Gem- 
blours, Rom., Gall and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Ecian, or Echenus, 
of Ireland 

B.C. c. 577 (Feb. II). Plough 
drawn by stags. {Ikon.) 

St. Edana, orSt. Edaene, 
of Ireland 

V. (July 5). Titular saint of 
the parish of New Tuamia in 



Saints and their Rmblems 



the diocese of Elphin and of 
another in that of Tuam. But- 
ler, Colgan. 

St. Edanus. See 
St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Edburge of 
Winchester 

V. c. 680 Pec. 21). Daughter 
of Kiag Edward the Elder, she 
died a nun, and was buried at 
St. Mary's, Winchester. Butler, 
Leland, Willium of Malmesbury. 

St. Edburge. See 
St. Idaberga 

(June 20). 

St. Edelburga. See 
St. Ethelburga 

(July 7)- 
St. Edelburge 

V. Abs. 625 (July 7). Holding 
instruments of the Passion. 
[C allot.) 

St. Edelwald. See 
Ethelwold 

(Mar. 23). 

St. Edesius of 
Alexandria 

M. 304 (Apr. 8). Her legs and 
feet Wrapped in burning cloths. 
(Gueffier.) Butler, Eusebius. 

St. Edgar, K. of 
England 

975 (July 8). King of Mercia, 
he was chosen King of all 
England on the death of his 
brother Edwy, in 959. Bede, 
Wm. of Malmesbury, Anglican 
Marts, (on May 24 and June 8). 

St. Edimund. See 
St. Osmund 

(Dec. 4). 

St. Edith of Aylesbury 

(Sept. 16). Daughter to Earl 
Fewald, she died a nun at 
Aylesbury. Butler. 

St. Edith of Polesworth 

Abs. c. 964 .(Sept. 16 or July 15). 
She was probably a sister of 
Athelstan, who married her to 
Sithric, the Danish King of 
Northumbria. After her 
husband's death she is said to 
have become abbess of Poles- 
worth in Warwickshire. She 
is sometimes confused with SS. 
Edith of Wilton and Aylesbury, 
q.v. Baring-Gould, Matthew 
of Westminster, Florence of 
Worcester. 

St. Edith of Wilton 

V. 984 (Sept. 16). Nun with 
royal insignia washing beggar's 
feet. {Ikon.) Butler, Capgrave, 
Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom, 
Mart., Sarum Kalendar and 
Breviary. 



St. Edmund of Bury 
St. Edmunds 

870 (Nov. 20). Pierced with 
arrows. {Roodscreen, N. Wal- 
sham; Diptych in poss. Earl of 
Pembroke.) Arrows in hand. 
(Roodscreen, Ludham ; Rood- 
screen and font, Stalham; Pulpit, 
Hempstead; Window, N. Tttd- 
denham.) Kneeling, holding up 
a quiver of arrows to heaven. 
{Window, Saxlingham Ch.) 
Arrow and globe. (Chest, Denton 
Ch.) Arrow and sceptre. 
(Screen, Barton ; Roodscreen, 
Rackheath ; Roodscreen, Trim- 
ingham.) Two arrows and 
sceptre. (Fresco, Whaddon 
Church ; Font, Taverham.) 
Arrows and cord. (Brooke.) 
Wolf guarding his body. (C allot. ) 
Bound to tree pierced with 
arrows. (Font, Conley.) Bear 
seated by him. (Burgmaier.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart., N other, 
Wandelbert, Surius. 

St. Edmund of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. C. 1242 (Nov. 16). Mak- 
ing a vow before an image of the 
B.V.M. (Callot.) The Infant 
Christ appearing to him. (Ibid.) 
St. Thomas of Canterbury 
appearing to him. (Gueffier.) 
Child Ij^g at his feet. (Cahier.) 
B.V.M. giving him a ring, or 
the saint placing a ring on her 
hand. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St.Edus. iS^ee St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Edwald. See 
St. Ewald 

(Oct. 3). 

St. Edward of England 

K.M. 979 (Mar. 18). In royal 
robes, holding a cup. (Rood- 
screen, Burlingham St. Andrew.) 
Stabbed on horseback. (Callot 
and F. Porter.) Between two 
men with swords, one stabbing 
him in the shoulder. (Old 
engraving.) Holding dagger 
and cup. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Dagger and sceptre. Dagger 
and falcon. (Roodscreen, Trim- 
ingham.) Short sword. (Chest, 
Denton; Font, St. James, Nor- 
wich; Font, All Saints, Nor- 
wich.) Cup and serpent. (Burg- 
maier.) Butler, Eng. Kalendar, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Edward the Con- 
fessor of Westminster 

K.C. 1066 (Jan. 5 and Oct. 13). 
Giving a sealed scroU to a 
kneeling cleric. (Window, Great 
Malvern.) Giving his ring to St. 
John, disguised as a beggar. 
(XV. cent, window, Ludlow.) 
As a king, holding sceptre and 
ring. (XV. cent, window, Win- 
tringham and many other in- 

88 



stances.) Sceptre, ring and 
purse. (Roodscreen, Burlingham 
St. Andrew.) Giving ring to two 
pilgrims. (Window, St. Laur- 
ence, Ludlow.) Carrying a sick 
man. (Attrib. der Heil.) Hold- 
ing St. John's Gospel. Crowned 
by two bishops. (Passionael.) 
Butler, Florence of Worcester, 
Wm. of Malmesbury, Matthew 
of Westminster, Rom. Mart. 

St. Edwin, K. of 
Northumbria 

M. 633 (Oct. 4). Son of Alia, 
King of Deira, converted and 
baptized at York in 627, he was 
killed in battle against Penda, 
K. of Mercia, and CadWallo of 
Wales. Butler, Wilson, Bede, 
Alford, Wm. of Malmesbury. 

Bl. Eelko Liaukaman of 
Holland 

Ab. 1332 (Mar. 22). Shaking 
roses out of his vestments. 
(Baring - Gould. ) Norbertine 

Mart. 

St. Efeso. See 
St. Ephesus 

(Jan. 15). 

St. Efflam of Plestin in 
Brittany 

C. 6th cent. (Nov. 6). In royal 
robes, treading on a dragon. 
(Baring-GouldJ) Lobinean Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Egbert of lona 

P. Mk. C. 729 (Apr. 24). With 
chalice and Host. (Cahier.) 
Preaching to monks. (Ibid.) 
Ang. Mart. Bede. 

St. Egbin. See 
St. Ethbin 

(Oct. 19). 

St. Egwin of Worcester 

B.C. 717 (Jan. 11). Fish with 
key in its mouth. (Cahier, and 
on an ampulla found in the 
Ribble.) Butler, St. Britwald, 
Matthew of Westminster, F. of 
Worcester, Ang. Mart. 

St. Ehrenfried 

1025 (May 21). Count Palatine 
and father of Queen Richeza of 
Poland. 

St. Einbetta, and Com- 
panions, of Strasburg 

VV. (Sept. 16). Companions of 
St. Ursula of Cologne (Oct. 21), 
left behind her at Strasburg. 

St. Eingan. See 
St. Eneon 

(Apr. 21). 

St. Einne. See 
St. Enda 

(Mar. 21). 

St. Elchut. See 
St. Iltutus 

(Nov. 6). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Eldad. See 
St. Aldate 

(June 14). 

St. Eldrad of Italy 

871 (Mar. 13). An abbot of 
Novalese. 

St. Elaphius of Chalons- 
sur-Marne 

B. 580. Son of a noble named 
Leo, of Limoges, he was sum- 
moned by Sigebert, K. of 
Austrasia, to occupy the see of 
Chalons. St. Gregory of Tours. 

St. Elesbaan of 
Abyssinia 

K.C. c. 530 (Oct. 27). As King 
of Ethiopia gaining a victory. 
{Icon. Sand.) Praying before 
a cross, his crown on the ground. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Baring-Gould, 
Mod. Rom. and Abyssinian 
Marts. 

St. Elesmo. See 
St. Adelelm 

(Jan. 30). 

St. Eleucodius of 
Emilia 

112 (Feb. 14). Bishop of 
Raveima. 

St. Eleusippus 

M. Brother and companion of 
St. Spensippus (Jan. 17), q.v. 

St. Eleutherius of 
Nicomedia 

M. 303 (Oct. 2). A Christian 
soldier accused of firing Domi- 
tian's palace and executed. Rom. 
Mart., Ado, Notker, Usuardus. 

SS. Eleutherius, B., and 
Antia, Matr. of Reati 

MM. c. 135 (Apr. 18). The so- 
caUed Acts of St. Eleutherius 
and St. Anti his mother are a 
forgery, and the very existence 
of the saints is problematical. 
L'Abbe Guerin and Pere Giry, 
however, give their martjrrdom 
in detail. St. Jerome and Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Eleutherius of Rome 

Po. M. c. 192 (May 26). A 
Grecian by birth and deacon of 
the Church of Rome under St. 
Anicetus, he succeeded St. Soter 
in the pontificate. Butler, 
Eusebius, Tillemont. 

St. Eleutherius of 
Spoleto 

Ab. c. 585 (Sept. 6). Possessed 
boy brought to him. {Callot.) 
Raising boy to life. [Icon. 
Sana.) Praying over possessed 
boy. {Gueffier.) Butler. 

St. Eleutherius of 
Tarsica 

M. c. 308 (Aug. 4). A chamber- 
lain to the Emperor Maximilian, 
beheaded for the faith. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 



St. Eleutherius of 
Tournai 

B.M. 531 (Feb. 20). Holding 
a scourge. {Cahier.) Heated 
oven. {Ikon.) Angel freeing 
him from stripes. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Holding model of church. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Mart., 
Usuardus, Molanus. 

St. Eleutherius 

M. Companion of St. Dionysius 
(Oct. 9), q.v. 

St. Elfgyva of Shaftes- 
bury 

Q. of England. 971 (May 3 and 
18). Queen to Edmund the 
Magnificent and mother of Edwy 
and St. Edgar, she retired to 
the convent of Shaftesbury after 
K. Edmund's death. Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Florence of Wor- 
cester, Roger of Horedon, Ang. 
Mart. 

St. Elfleda of Glaston- 
bury 

W. loth cent. (Oct. 23). A 
kinswoman of K. Athelstan and 
friend of St. Dunstan. Usuardus, 
Alford (on April 13 and 14). 

St. Elfleda of Romsey 

V. Abs. c. 1030 (Oct. 29). A 
daughter of Ethelwold, a friend 
of K. Edgar, by whom she was 
sent to Romsey Abbey after 
her father's death. She suc- 
ceeded Elwina as abbess of 
Romsey. Capgrave, Mayhew, 
Menardus and Challoner, 
Wilson (on Jan. 20 and Oct. 
28). 

St. Elfleda of Whitby 

V. Abs. 716 (Feb. 8). Daughter 
of Oswy, K. of Northumbria, 
she succeeded St. Hilda as 
Abbess of Whitby. Holding 
church and abbess' staff. (£w- 
graving.) Menardus, Ferrarius, 
Bede and Wm. of Malmesbury. 

St. Elias, and Com- 
panions, of Caesarea 

MM. 309 (Feb. 16). Egyptians 
tortured and martyred by the 
governor, Firmihan. Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Eusebius. 

St. Elias of Jerusalem 

B. Companion of St. Flavian 
(July 4), q.v. 

St. Elias 

P.M. Companion of St. Peleus 
(Sept. 19), q.v. 

St. Elier. See 
St. Helerus 

(July 16). 

St. Eligius, or Eloi, of 
Noyon 

B.C. 659 or 665 Pec. 1). 
Horseshoe in right hand. {Hen. 
VII. Chap., Westminster.) 
Hammer and crosier in hands. 

89 



{Roodscreen, Potter Heigham.) As 
bishop, hammer in one hand, 
shod horse's leg in other. 
{Roodscreen, Hempstead.) Fetters 
on his legs. {Cahier.) Fountain 
procured by him. {Ibid.) Work- 
ing as a goldsmith. {Callot.) 
Bishop with chaUce and hammer. 
{Molanus.) Bishop with saddle 
near him. {Der Heyl. Leb.) 
In armour with plumed cap, 
holding sword, hammer and 
anvil, lion at feet. {Window, 
Stoke Pogis.) Forging a horse- 
shoe. {Attrib. der Heil.) Anvil, 
hammer and crown on it. {De 
Leuens der Heyl.) Standing 
at anvil. {Florence Acad., Botti- 
celli.) Angel bringing him gold. 
{Pilgrim's token.) Mitred, crosier 
in left hand, hammer in right. 
{Seal of Paris Goldsmiths.) Pre- 
senting a shrine to King Dago- 
bert. {Belli Arti, Florence.) 
Butler, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Surius, Fleury, Rivett, etc. 

StElin. >S'ee St. Helena 

(July 31). 

St. Elizabeth 

1st cent. (Nov. 5). Holding 
infant St. John. {Roodscreen, 
Houghton le Dale.) Saluting 
B.V.M. {Roodscreen, Gately.) 
'Dying in desert, angels feeding 
her child. {Solitude.) 

St. Elizabeth of 
Hungary 

W.Q. 1231 (Nov. 19). Crowned, 
holding two crowns. {XVI. cent, 
window, Antwerp Cath.) Giving 
clothing to crippled child. 
{Munich Gal. , Holbein. ) Double 
crown in her hand. {MS. Hours. ) 
Double crown on a book, giving 
alms. {Tab. de la Croix.) 
Triple crown in her hand. 
{Roodscreen, Torbryan.) With 
three crowns. {Molanus.) 

Crowned, holding a church. 
{Statue, Marburg Cath.) Basket 
of bread, flagon of wine. {Ikon.) 
Holding basket of roses, three 
in her hand. {Window, Vincent 
Collection.) Roses in her robe. 
{Fra Angelico.) Rose and 
sceptre. {XV. cent, window, 
Ludlow.) Crowned, holding two 
crowns, giving alms to a beggar 
kneeling at her feet. {XVI. cent, 
window.) All Mariyrologies. 

Bl. Elizabeth of 
Hungary 

V. 1338 (May 6). Daughter of 
Andrew of Venice, who became 
King of Hungary in 1297, and 
grandniece of St. Elizabeth of 
Hungary, she died in the mon- 
astery of Toss. 

St. Elizabeth of 
Portugal 

Q- 1336 (July 8). Carrying roses 
in her lap in winter. {Callot.) 
As a nun of the third order of St. 
Francis. {Attrib. der Heil.) A 



Saints and their Emblems 



beggar near her. (JfeM.) A 
rose in her hand. Large jug 
in her hand. (Cahier.) Butler, 
fanning the Bollandist, etc. 

St. Elizabeth of 
Schonau 

V. Abs. 1165 (June 18). Tramp- 
ling on a dragon. Butler, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Elmo. See 
St. Adelelm 

(Jan. 30). 

St. Elmo. See St Peter 
Gonzales 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Elmo. See 
St. Erasmus 

(June 2). 

St. Eloy. See 
St. Eligius 

Pec. I). 

St. Elphege. See 
St. Alphege 

(Apr. 19). 

St. Elpidius of Ancona 

Ab. c. 450 (Sept. 2). Vine in 
leaf, in winter. {Icon. Sanct.) 

St. Elpidius and Com- 
panions 

MM. c. 362 (Nov. 16). Of 
senatorial rank, they are said 
to have been dragged at the 
tails of wild horses. The place 
of martyrdom is not known and 
the accounts do not agree as to 
date. 

SS. Elvan, B., and Myd- 
wyn, C, of Glastonbury 

c. 198 (Jan. i). Dispatched by 
King Lucius of Britain on an 
embassy to Pope Eleutherius 
in 179, St. Elvan was con- 
secrated bishop and Mydwyn 
teacher. St. Elvan later became 
first Archbishop of London, and 
both saints were buried at 
Avalon. Ferrarius, Matthew of 
Westminster, Geoffrey of Mon- 
mouth, Ang. Mart. 

St. Elwyn 

Companion of St. la (Oct. 27), 
q.v. 

St. Elyned. See 
St. Almedha 

(Aug. I). 

St, Elzear of Apt, 
Count of Ariano 

1323 (Sept. 27). Knotted cord 
and lily ; coronet at his feet. 
(Callof.) Small cross in hand. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Surius, Rom., 
Gall, and Franciscan Marts. 

St. Embert of Hainault 

c. 700 (Jan. 15). Bishop of 
Cambrai. 



St. Emerentiana of 
Rome 

V.M. 304 (Jan. 23). Foster- 
sister of St. Agnes. Stones in 
her lap. {Tab. de la Croix.) 
Butler, St. Jerome, Bede, etc. 

St. Emeric of Alba 
Regia (Hungary) 

C. 1032 (Nov. 4). B.V.M. and 
Infant appearing to him. {Burg- 
maier.) 

St. Emerita 

V.M. c. 256. Companion of 
St. Digna (Sept. 22), q.v. Torch 
and sceptre. {Lib. Cronicarum.) 
Tom with iron hooks. (Cahier.) 

SS. Emetherius and 
Chelidonius of Navarre 

MM. (Mar. 3). Roman soldiers 
put to the sword at Calahorra 
on the Ebro. Butler, the 
Mozarabic, Evora and Toledo 
Breviaries, all Rom. Marts. 

St. Emidian 

Ab. c. 560 Minding cattle. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Emidius 

B.C. Baptizing St. Polisia. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Emilian of 
S. Emilion 

H. 767 (Nov. 16). A boar near 
him. (Ikon.) Gall. Marts. 

St. Emilian of Spain 

Ab. C. 574 (Nov. 12). In armour 
on horseback. (Cahier.) 

SS. Emilian, B., and 
Hilarion, Mk., of Trevi 
in Umbria 

MM. 303 (Jan. 28). St. EmiUan 
with sword, beam near him. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) St. Emilian 
thrown into a cauldron of 
boiling lead. (Cahier.) 

St. Emiliana 

V. Companion of St. Tarssilla 
Pec. 24), q.v., and aimt of St. 
Gregory the Great. 

SS. Emilias, D., and 
Jeremias of Cordova 

MM. 852 (Sept. 15). Pupils in 
the Basilica of St. Cjrprian, put 
to the sword by Moslems. Rom. 
and Spn. Marts. 

St. Emilius 

M. Companion of St. Castus 
(May 22), q.v. 

St. Emillian 

M. Companion of St. Antonia 
(Apr. 29), q.v. 

St. Emma of Carinthia 

W. 1043 (June 29 and 30). 
Daughter of Count Engelbert 
of Peillenstein, she founded a 
doubtle monastery of Bene- 
dictines at Gurk. Butler, Pape- 
broke. 

40 



St. Emmelia 

Wife of St. Basil (May 30), q.v. 

St. Emmeran of 
Ratisbon 

M. c. 652 (Sept. 22). Wounded 
on the back with lance. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Wounded with lance 
and beheaded. (Der Heyl. 
Leb.) With a ladder. (German 
MS. book, 1530.) His hands and 
feet chopped off. (Passionael.) 
Butler, Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Emygdius of Ascoli 

B.M. 303 (Aug. 5). Holding 
model of the town of Ascoli. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Encratia, or 
Encratida, of Sargossa 

V.M. 304 (Apr. 16). Tied to a 
wheel ; breasts cut off ; heart 
torn out. (Gueffi^.) Nailed 
through the forehead to a stake. 
(Cahier.) Crowned by an angel 
after martyrdom. (Ibid.) Ado, 
Notker, Rom., Spn. and Port. 
Marts. 

St. Enda, or Endeus, 
of Aran-More 

Ab. c. 540 (Mar. 21). Only son 
of Conall, King of ErgaU, and 
brother of SS. Libens and 
Fanchia, he founded ten monas- 
teries on Irish More in the Arran 
Islands. Butler, Colgan and 
Celt. Marts. 

St. Eneon of Wales 

H.C. c. 590 (Apr. 21). A Scot- 
tish chieftain who retired into 
North Wales and built a church 
at Lh3m, near Bangor. Butler, 
Power s History of Wales, Brown- 
Willis' Survey of Bangor. 

St. Engbracht. See 
St. Engelbert 

(Nov. 7). 

St. Engelbert of 
Cologne 

Abp. M. 1225 (Nov. 7). In 
archiepiscopaJ vestments (his 
tomb in the Chapel of the Three 
Kings at Cologne). Crosier in 
his right hand, upraised sword 
transfixing a crescent moon in 
his left. (Stained glass, Grosvenor 
Thomas Collection.) Rom. and 
Ger. Marts. 

St. Engelmund of 
Velsen (Holland) 

p. 8th cent. (June 21). Causing 
a fountain to spring up. (Cahier.) 
The Haarlem Breviary. 

St. Engelram of 
Lorraine 

1291 (Oct. 28). A bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Englat of Tarves 

Ab. 966 (Nov. 3). No details 
of this saint's life are known. 



Besides references given by 
the authorities below, a well 
and ford in his native village 
bear his local name of St. 
Tanglan. Adam King, Aberdeen 
Breviary, Dempster. 

St. Eugratia. See 
St. Encratia 

(Apr. i6). 

St. Enoch. See 
St. Thenew 

(Jtdy i8). 

St. Enna. See St. Enda 

(Mar. 2i). 

St. Ennodius of Pavia 

B. 521 (July 17). Married, and 
of illustrious family in Gaul, he 
embraced celibacy and took 
deacon's orders under St. 
Epiphanius of Pavia, whom he 
succeeded in the see. Butler, 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Enrichus de Suso 

C. 1365 (Sept. 5). Dominican ; 
a large gold cross, crowned, on 
his breast. {Predella, Angelico 
da Fiesoli.) 

St. Eogain of Ardstraw 

B. c. 558 (Aug. 23). Of Irish 
birth, he was captured by 
pirates in childhood and taken 
to Britain with St. Tigemach. 
Released there, he was again 
captured and sold into slavery 
in Brittany. Later, returning 
to Ireland, he founded the 
monastery of Ardstraw and 
became bishop. Celt. Marts. 

St. Eogain. See 
St. Eugenius 

(Aug. 23). 

St. Epaenetus 

c. 60 (July 15J. A disciple of 
St. Paul, who, it is claimed, was 
Bishop of Saximumum in Spain. 

St. Epaphras of Phrygia 

B.MT 1st cent. (July 19). A 
fellow-labourer with St. Paul, 
said to have been Bishop of 
ColossEe. Rom. Mart., Col. i. 7 

St. Eparchius of 
Angoul^me 

P. Mk. 581 (July i). Bom at 
Perigord, of noble parents, he 
entered the monastery of 
Sedaciae, later founding the 
Abbey of St. Cybard, near 
Angouleme. Usuardus, Mod. 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Eparcus. See 
St. Cybar 

(July I)- 
St. Ephesus of Pisa 

M. c. 350 (Jan. 15). In blue 
robe embroidered with stars, 
kneeling unharmed in a fiery 
furnace, from which flames 
destroy his executioners. {Fresco, 
Campo Santo, Pisa.} As a 



Saints and their Emblems 



warrior, receiving from St. 
Michael a white standard with 
red cross. {Fresco, Spinello 
Aretino, Campo Santo, Pisa.) 
Mrs Jameson. 

St. Ephrem the Syrian 
of Edessa 

Dr.C. c. 378 (Feb. i and July 9). 
Pillar of hght before him. (Soli- 
tudo.) Laid out for burial. 
{Gk. painting, Vatican.) Writ- 
ing in book, rosary over wrist, 
scomrge at feet. {Print by 
Romney, Butler.) Rom. Mart. 
(on Feb. i), Butler, Bede, 
Palladius, Theodoret, Sozomen, 
etc. (on July 9). 

St. Ephysius of Cagliari 

M. 3rd cent. (Jan. 15). Cross 
appearing to him. (Cahier.) 
Appearing in sky over a fleet 
threatening Caghari. {Ibid.) 

St. Epimachus 

M. Companion of St. Gordian 
(May 10), q.v. Holding a nail. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

SS. Epimarchus and 
Alexander of 
Alexandria 

MM. c. 250 (Dec. 12). Burnt 
to death. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Cut with razors. {Gueffier.) 
Chains in hand, flames behind 
him. {Aniechap., Mag. Coll., 
Oxon.) Rom. Mart., Eusebius. 

St. Epiphanius of 
Salamis 

Abp. C. c. 403 (May 12). Bom 
at Eleutheropolis, he became 
a disciple of St. Hilarion, and 
died, on his return, from a dis- 
pute with St. Chiysostom re- 
specting Origenism. Butler, Gk. 
Men., Russ. Kalendar, Rom. 
Mart., Ado, Bede, Usuardus, etc. 

St. Epiphanus of 
Pavia 

B. 497 (Jan. 21). Exorcising 
a woman. {Callot.) Butler, 
Ennodius, Bollandus and 
Marroni. 

SS. Epipodius and 
Alexander of Lyons 

MM. 177 (Apr. 22). Two 
students of good family tor- 
tured to death at Lyons. St. 
Epipodius was racked and be- 
headed. Butler, St. Gregory of 
Tours, Ruinart, etc. 

St. Epistime 

M. Companion of St. Galactic 
(Nov. 5), q.v. 1 

St. Eppalets. See 
St. Hippolytus 

(Feb. 3). 

St. Equitius of 
Abruzzo 

Ab. 540 (Aug. 11). When a 
layman, his austerity and sanc- 
tity gained him a dispensation 

41 



from the Pope to preach in the 
province of Valeria. He after- 
wards founded and ruled the 
convents of nuns, and his relics 
are in the Church of St. Laurence 
in Aquila. Butler, St. Gregory 
of Tours. 

St. Erasma 

V.M. Companion of St. Serapia 
(Sept. 3), q.v. 

St. Erasmus, or Eramo, 
of Gaeta 

B.M. c. 303 (June 2). Windlass 
in his hand, bowel wound round 
it. {Roodscreen, Hempstead.) 
Windlass, as above, at his feet. 
{St. Michael's at Plea, Norwich.) 
Windlass in hand. {Font, 
Buckenham ; Window, Sand- 
ringham.) Executioners winding 
his bowel round a windlass. 
{Sculpture, Norwich Museum.) 
As the last, but naked and tied 
to a tree ; two executioners. 
{Sculpture at Leffe, nearDinant.) 
Bowels roimd a windlass, before 
a statue of Hercules. {Pietro 
Valentini, Vatican.) Bowels on 
a gridiron. {Bonn Cathedral.) 
Hung up by the hands and torn 
with a three-pronged hook. 
{Caspar Crayer.) Crown brought 
him by a bird whilst in prison. 
{Gueffier.) Hot cuirass put upon 
him. {Callot.) Windlass near 
him. {Ibid.) Melted lead poured 
over him. {Old etching.) Boiling 
cauldron behind him. {Old 
engraving.) Raven bringing him 
bread. {Cahier.) Ado, Notker, 
Hrabanus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Erasmus, or Elme, of 
Syria 

B.M. 4th cent. (Nov. 25). A 
fugitive on Mt. Libanus, prob- 
ably martyred in the licinian 
persecution. Butler, Rom. and 
Russ. Marts. 

St. Erastus 

1st cent. (July 26). Possibly a 
deacon with St. Paul at Ephesus. 
{Acts xix. 22 and 2 Tim. Hi. 20.) 
Or possibly one of the early con- 
verts who was pubUc treasurer 
at Corinth. {Rom. xvi. 23 and 
Acts xviii. 2). Rom. Mart., 
Ado and Usuardus. 

St. Ere of Slane 

B. 513 (Nov. 2). A friend of 
SS. Patrick and Bridget, con- 
secrated Bishop of Slane c. 465. 
Celt. Marts, (also on Oct. 2). 

St. Erembert of 
Gascony 

c. 690 (May 14). A bishop of 
Toulouse, who went into retire- 
ment as a monk at Fontenelle. 

St. Erembert of 
Hanover 

c. 800 (July 9). Bishop of 
Minden. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Erentrude of 
Salzburg 

V. Abs. c. 718 (June 30). Cruci- 
fix and inflamed heart appear- 
ing to her. {Burgmaier.) Church 
in her hand. (Cahier.) 

St. Ergoule. See 
St. Gudule 

(Jan. 8). 

St. Erhard 

B.M. (Jan. 8). Baptizing St. 
Odila at font. (Bilder Legende.) 
With an axe. (Ikon.) Sur- 
rounded by cripples. {Cahier.) 

St. Erhard of Ratisbou 

Ab. C. d. 753 (Feb. 9). KneeUng 
amongst sheep. (Cahier.) But- 
ler, Merssaeus. 

St. Eric of Sweden 

K.M. 1151 (May 18). Fountain 
where his blood fell. (Cahier.) 
King in armour, holding a 
banner charged with three 
crowns, two and one. (Pas- 
sionael.) Butler, Scheffer, Hen- 
scheniusyRom. and Scand. Marts. 

St. Erkembode 

742 (Apr. 12). Bishop of 
Therouanne. 

St. Erkonwold of 
London 

B. 693 (Apr. 30). Brother of 
St. Ethelburga, for whom he 
founded the convent of Barkiag. 
Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom. 
Mart., Salisbury Missal. 

St. Erlulph of Yerdun 

B.M. 830 (Feb. 10). A Scottish 
missionary to Germany, slain 
by infidels at Eppokstorp. 
Butler, Krantzius. 

St. Ermelind of Brabant 

V. c. 580 (Oct. 29 or Feb. 3). 
Angels round her corpse. 
(Cahier.) Expelling a devU from 
a man's mouth. (Baring-Gould.) 
Belg. Maris. 

St. Ermengold of Spain 

1035 (Nov. 3). Bishop of Urgel. 

St. Ermenilda of Ely 

Q. Abs. c. 700 (Feb. 13). 
Daughter of Sexburga, Q. of 
Kent and mother of St. Were- 
burga. Abbess' staff and book, 
crown at feet. (Engraving.) 
Wytford, Maurolycus, Ferrarius, 
Canisius, etc. 

St. Ermine of Hainault 

B. Ab. 737 (Apr. 25). Bom at 
Erclie, near Laon, he succeeded 
St. Ursmar as Abbot of Lobbes. 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Erminold of 
Ratisbon 

Ab. M. c. 1121 (Jan. 6). The 
first Abbot of Prufening, near 
Ratisbon, where he was stabbed 
by one of his monks. Ger. Mart. 



St. Ermo. See 
St. Erasmus 

(June 2). 

St. Ernan of Drumhome 

Mk. 640 (Dec. 22). A nephew 
of St. Colomba, whom he joined 
in his mission to the Picts and 
Scots. On his return he retired 
to the monastery of Drum- 
holme in Donegal. Dempster, 
King, Aberdeen Breviary (on 
above date) ; Celt. Marts, (on 
Jan. I. 

St. Ernan of Rathmew 

634 (Aug. 18). A serving-boy 
in the monastery of Clonmac- 
nois. Life of St. Columba. 

St. Ernest 

M. 1148 (N.D.). His bowels 
fastened to a stake. (Cahier.) 

St. Errew. See 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Erthad. See 
St. Yarcard 

(Aug. 24). 

St. Eskill of Strengnas 
(Sweden) 

B.M. nth cent. (June 12). 
Chaplain to St. Sigfried of York 
on Ms mission to the Swedes, he 
was stoned to death beside Lake 
Malar. Swedish Kalendar. 

St. Ethbin of Ireland 

C. c. 625 (Oct. 19). Carrying 
Our Lord disguised as a poor 
leper. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
and Gall. Marts. 

St. Ethelbert of 
E. Anglia 

K.M. 793 (May 20). Son of 
Ethelred, K. of the East Angles, 
he was murdered by order of 
K. Ofta. Butler, Cologne, Lubeck 
and Anglican Marts., Matthew 
of Westminster, Florence of Wor- 
cester, Wm. of Malmesbury, etc. 

St. Ethelbert of Kent 

K. d. 616 (Feb. 24). Our Lord 
appearing to him with angels 
bearing instruments of the Pas- 
sion. (Burgmaier.) Butler, Rom. 
Ang. and Ger. Marts., Bede, etc. 

St. Ethelbert 

M. (Oct. 17). Mother and com- 
panion of St. Ethelred. 

St. Ethelburga of 
Barking 

V. Abs. 7th cent. (Oct. 11). 
Daughter of K. Ofta and sister 
of St. Earconwald of London, 
she became first Abbess of 
Barking Abbey. Butter, Bede, 
Leland. 

St. Ethelburga of 
Faremontier 

V. Abs. c. 695 (July 7). Half 
sister to SS. Sethrida, Sexburga, 
42 



Etheldreda and Wilburga, she 
succeeded the first named as 
Abbess of Faremontier. Butler, 
Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts., 
Bede. 

St. Etheldreda of Ely 

V. Q. Abs. 679 (June 23 and 
Oct. 17). Holding Ely Cathedral. 
(XV. cent, window, Ludlow.) 
Crowned, holding crosier. (XV. 
cent, window, Langport; Rood- 
screen, Upton,Norfolk; Oxburgh; 
Window, Norbury, Derbyshire.) 
Crowned, holding crosier and 
book. (Roodscreen, Burlingham 
St. Andrew.) Crowned, with 
crosier and budding staff. 
Crowned, with crosier and book. 
(Roodscreen, Westhall.) Asleep, 
tree blossoming over her. (Lan- 
tern, Ely Cath.) Standing before 
an open chest. (Burgmaier.) 
Book in right hand, lily in left. 
(Benedictional of St. Ethelwold.) 
DevU flying before her. (Old 
engraving.) A ten-leaved sun- 
flower. Black habit under a 
royal mantle of light piirple 
lined and edged WiSi ermine; 
book in right hand, crosier in 
left. (MS. Hours.) Salisbury, 
Hereford, York, Sarum and Ref. 
Ang. Kalendar s, Butler, Bede, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Etheldritha of 
Croyland 

V.'R. c. 834 (Aug. 7). Kissing a 
crucifix held in her arms. (Print, 
Butler.) May hew, John of 
Brompton. 

SS. Ethelred and 
Ethelbert, of Kent 

MM. 670 (Oct. 17). Sons of 
Ermenred, brother of Ercom- 
bert, murdered by Thunor, an 
officer of K. Egbert. Whitford, 
Wilson, Winchester Mart. Wm. 
of Malmesbury, Matthew of 
Winchester, etc. 

St. Ethelwold of Fame 

P.H. 699 (Mar. 23). Was twelve 
years in retirement at Fame, 
where he died, but was buried 
at Lindisfame and his remains 
translated to Durham in 995. 
Butter, Menardus, Mayhem, 
Bede, etc. 

St. Ethelwold of Lindis- 
fame 

Ab. B. 740 (Feb. 12). Minister 
to St. Cuthbert in Fame, he 
was afterwards made Abbot of 
Mailros and later Bishop of 
Lindisfame. Wilson, Simeon of 
Durham, Wm. of Malmesbury. 

St. Ethelwold of 
Winchester 

B.C. 984 (Aug. i). A companion 
of St. Dunstan, when he Was 
consecrated by St. Alphege of 
Winchester and later Abbot of 
Abingdon and Bishop of Win- 
chester. Butter, Wilson, Menar- 
dus, Wyon, Greven, Molanus, etc. 



Saints 

St. Etherman. See 
St. Ernan 

(Dec. 22). 

St Etto of Dompierre 

B.C. c. 670 (Jioly 10). Oxen and 
cows about him. Touching a 
dumb man with his staff. 
{f2,dhier.) 

St. Eubulus of Oaesarea 

M. 308 (Mar. 7). A native of 
Mangansea and companion to 
St. Adrian (Mar. 5). Eusebius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Eubulus. See 
St. Methodius 

(Sept. 18). 

St. Eubulus 

Companion of St. Nymphas 
(Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Eucherius of Lyons 

B.C. c. 450 (Nov, 16). After 
St. Irenaeus, probably the 
greatest light of the Church of 
Lyons. He was a monk at 
Lerins before his election to the 
see. Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Usuardus, Wandelbert, Ado. 

St, Eucherius of Orleans 

B.C. 743 (Feb. 20). Watching 
Charles Martel in the flames of 
Hell. (Baring-Gould.) In his 
sepulchre ; a serpent marked 
with the arms of France writh- 
ing beneath it. (Ibid.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Bede, Notker, 
Hrabanus, Henschenius. 

St. Eucherius of Treves 

B. 450 (Dec. 8). Standing over 
an open tomb ; devil issioing 
from it. (Callot.) Presenting the 
model of a church to Our Lord. 
(Gateway, Treves.) 

St. Eudeo, Eudes, or 
Odo, ofUrgel 

1122 (July 7). Hanging 



and their Emblems 



B.C. 

his mantle 

(Cakier.) 



on a sunbeam. 



St. Eudocia,orEudoxia, 
of Heliopolis 

M. 2nd cent. (Mar. i). Con- 
verted by the monlc Germanus, 
she was baptized by the bishop, 
Theodotus, entered the mon- 
astic life and Was martjnred by 
the sWord under the governor, 
Valerius. Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Eudoxius of 
Melitene 

M. c. 311 (Sept. 5). Entertaining 
soldiers who have come to seize 
him. (Icon. Sanct.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Euermodus. See 
St. Evermod 

(Feb. 17). Breaking prisoners' 
chains by sprinkling them with 
Holy Water. (Cahier.) 



St. Eugendus of the 
Jura 

Ab. c. 510 (Jan. i). Abbot of 
Condate, he rebuilt the mon- 
astery in stone, and erected a 
handsome church dedicated to 
SS. Peter, Paul and Andrew. 
Butler, Chifflet. 

St. Eugenia of Egypt 

V.M. 258 Pec. 23). Mentioned 
by St. Avitus as having suffered 
in the Valerian persecution. 
Butler, Lives of SS. Proius and 
Hyacinthus (Sept. 11). 

St. Eugenius 

B.M. 275 (Mar. 4). Pushed into 
the sea. (Callot.) With club. 
(Ikon.) Ox near him. (Cahier.) 

St. Eugenius 

Dr.C. c. 401 (Nov. 17). Raising 
a dead man to life by sprinkling 
him with Holy Water. (Cahier.) 

St. Eugenius of 
Carthage 

B. 505 (July 13). After suffer- 
ing under Antony, Bishop of 
Tripolis, in the Arian persecu- 
tion, he died in exile near Albi. 
Butler, Tillemont, Ceillier, Mod. 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Eugenius of 
Ireland 

B. 618 or 570 (Aug. 23). First 
Bishop of Ardfrath, earlier seat 
of the see of Derry. Butler, 
Usher, Ware. 

St. Eugenius of 
Lombardy 

N.D. (Dec. 30). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Eugenius of Paris 

M. 275 (Nov. 15). A disciple 
of St. Dionysius, who suffered 
martyrdom at Paris soon after 
his master. His rehcs were 
translated to Toledo in 1148, 
which has sometimes caused 
confusion between him and 
Eugenius, Archbishop of Toledo, 
who died in 637. Butler. 

St. Eugraphus 

M. Companion of St. Menas 
(Dec. 10), q.v. 

St. Eulalia of Barcelona 

V.M. 303 (Feb. 12). Dove issu- 
ing from her mouth. (Baring- 
Gould.) Ljdng covered with 
snow before a rack. (Ihid.) 
(N.B. — This saint is often con- 
foimded with St. Eulalia of 
Merida (Dec. 10), 5'.?;. The above 
representations would apply 
equally Well to the legendary 
martjnrdom of either.) Butler, 
Rom. Mart., Usuardus. 

St. Eulalia of Merida 

V.M. 303 (Dec. 10). Burnt to 
death. (Icon. Sanct.) Crucified. 
(Callot.) Crucified over a fire. 
(Old engraving.) Cross. (Ikon.) 

48 



Dove. (Chris. Kunst.) Flames. 
(Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.) 
Butler, Usuardus, Rom. and 
Spn. Marts., etc. 

St. Eulalia 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

SS. Eulampius and 
Eulampia, of Nicomedia 

MM. c. 350 (Oct. 10). Burnt 
together at stake. (Weyen.) 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Eulogius of 
Alexandria 

Patr. B. c. 606 (Sept. 13). Head 
of a monastery and church 
dedicated to the Blessed Virgin 
at Antioch, he was elected 
Patriarch after the death of St. 
John IV. in 579. Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Eulogius of 
Constantinople 

M. (July 3). Beyond references 
in Usuardus and the Roman 
Martyxology under this date, 
nothing is known of this saint. 
(Baring-Gould.) 

St. Eulogius of Cordova 

P.M. 859 ^ar. 11). With sword 
and lance. (Ikon.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Eulogius 

Dn. M. Companion of St. 
Fructuosus (Jan. 21), q.v. 

St. Eumenia 

M. Servant of St. Hilaria 
(Aug. 12), q.v. 

St. Eumenia. See 
St. Eunomia 

(Aug. 5.) 

St. Eunan of Ireland 

(Sept. 7). The monastery of 
Raphoe, founded by St. 
Columb and restored by St. 
Adamnan, being raised to an 
episcopal see, St. Eunan was 
its first bishop. Butler. 

St. Eunathas of 
Scythopolis 

V.M. c. 308 (Nov. 13). A com- 
panion of St. Antoninus, q.v., 
she was scourged and burnt 
aMve. 

St. Eunomia 

M. Companion of St. Afra 
(Aug. 5), q.v. 

St. Eunomius of Lesina 

B. Companion of St. Sabine 
(Feb. 9), q.v. 

St. Eunurchus (Query, 
Evurtius of Aries ?) 

C. 340 (Sept. 7). Dove on his 
head. (Husenbeth.) 

St. Euphebius of Italy 

c. 280 (May 23). Bishop of 
Naples. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Euphemia of 
Chalcedonia' 

V.M. 303 (Sept. 16). A book. 
(Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.) 
Crowned, lily in right hand, 
paJm in left ; lion at her side, 
her wrist in its mouth. {Cre- 
mona and Manfegna.) Burnt 
alive, angels coming to her. 
(Ca^foif.) Wheel near her. {Ikon.) 
A bear. {Chris. Kunst.) Wild 
beasts round her. {AUrib. der 
Heil.) Transfixed by sword. 
{Passionael ; Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Surrounded by serpents. 
{Cahier.) Cross over her head. 
{Ibid.) Between two serpents. 
{Husenbeth.) Putting the devil 
to flight. {Cahier.) Held by 
soldiers and beaten on the 
mouth with a mallet. {Butler.) 
Russ. Kalendar, Usuardus, Noi- 
ker, Wandelbert, Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Euphrasia of Egypt 

V. c. 410 (Mar. 13). Trampling 
on the devil. {C allot.) DevU 
throwing her into a well. {Soli- 
tudo.) A nun, canying a stone. 
{Gueffier.) Rom. Mart., [Gk. 
Men., Bollandus. 

St. Euphrasia of 
Nicomedia 

V.M. 303 (May 18). Soldier 
with sword near. {Ikon.) 

St. Euphrasius 

B. (Jan. 14). Companion of 
St. Torquatus (May 15), q.v. 

St. Euphrosyne of 
Alexandria 

V. c. 470 (Jan i). In the habit 
of a monk. {Ikon.) Rom, Mart. 

St. Euplius of Catania 

Dn. M. 304 (Aug. 12). A deacon 
of Sicily racked and decapit- 
ated in the Diocletian persecu- 
tion. Butler, Baronius, Tille- 
mont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Euprepia 

M. Servant of St. Hilaria (Aug. 
12), q.v. 

St. Euprepia. See 
St. Eutropia 

(Aug. 5). 

St. Euprepius of Venice 

2nd cent. {kag. 21). Bishop of 
Verona. 

St. Eupropius 

M. Companion of St. Basiliscus 
(Max. 3), q.v. 

St. Eupsychius I. of 
Caesarea 

M. 2nd cent. (Sept. 7). Said to 
have suffered under Hadrian 
by being torn with iron hooks 
and transfixed with a sword. 
He is sometimes confused with 
the following saint. Gk. Men., 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 



St. Eupychius II. of 
Caesarea 

M. 362 (Apr. 9). Martyred 
under Julian the Apostate for 
taking part in the destruction 
of the temple of Fortune. Butler, 
Sozomen, Mod. Rom. Mart., Gk. 
Men. 

St. Eusanias of Fuscone 

M. c. 305 (July 9). A native 
of Apulia and a hermit, mar- 
tyred with his brother and sister. 
Ferrarius, Bollandists. 

St. Eusebia of Bergamo 

V.M. (Oct. 29). Relics, with an 
inscription? discovered in 1401 
in the Church of St. Andrew at 
Bergamo, and since included 
by Baronius in the Roman 
Martyrology. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Eusebia of Hamage 
(Belgium) 

Abs. c. 680 (Mar. 16). Daughter 
of St. Adalbald of Douai (Feb. 2) 
and St. Richtrudis, sent on the 
death of her father to the con- 
vent of Hamage, where she 
succeeded her grandmother, St. 
Gertrude, as Abbess. Molanus, 
Wyon, Menardus, Gall. Mart, of 
Saussaye. 

St. Eusebius of Aschia 
(Syria) 

H. c. 400 (Feb. 15). Mentioned 
by Theodoret in his Philothens 
as a hermit whom he had 
visited. Gk. Men., Theodoret. 

St. Eusebius of 
Caesarea 

B.M. 370 (June 21). Elected 
Bishop of Caesarea whilst yet 
unbaptized, he submitted him- 
self to the instruction of St. 
Basil, who succeeded him. 
Usuardus, Notker and Sozomen. 

St. Eusebius and Com- 
panions, of Gaza 

MM. c. 362 (Sept. 8). Three 
brothers and their cousin mar- 
tyred by the mob at Gaza for 
participating in the destruction 
of the Mamon temple. Sozomen, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Eusebius of 
Palestine 

M. c. 304 (Aug. 14). A priest 
racked and beheaded by Maxen- 
tius in the Maximian persecu- 
tion. Butler, Mart, of St. Jerome, 
Acts of the Saint. 

St. Eusebius of Rome 

M. Late 3rd cent. (Aug. 14). 
Speaking without his tongue. 
{Ikon.) Leaden club. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Butler, Membritius, 
Usuardus. 

St. Eusebius of 
Samosata 

B. 379 (June 21). Tile in his 
hand. {Ikon.) Tile thrown on 

44 



his head by a woman from 
window. {Callot.) Stoned. {Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Butler, Theodoret, 
Ceillier, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Eusebius of Sicily 

Po.C. 310 (Sept. 26). Successor 
to St. MarceUus in the Papal 
Chair, he was banished by 
Maxentius into Sicily, where he 
died. Butler. 

St. Eusebius of Syria 

Ab. Late 4th cent. (Jan. 23). 
Wearing a heavy chain. {Vies 
de SS. Peres des Deserts.) Butler, 
Theodoret. 

St. Eusebius of 
Vercelli 

B. c. 374 (Dec. 15). Of Sardi- 
nian parentage, he was ordained 
by St. Sylvester and banished 
by Constantine in the Arian 
persecution. Butler, Tillemont, 
Ceillier, Baronius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Eusebius 

M. Companion of St. Aphro- 
disius (Apr. 28), q.v. 

St. Eusebius of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censarinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Euseus 

H. 14th cent. (n.d.). Shoe- 
maker's tools about him. {Ikon.) 

St. Eusoye. See 
St. Eusebia 

(Mar. 16). 

St. Eustachius, or 
St. Eustace, and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. 119 (Sept. 20 and Nov. 3). 
Stag with cross between his 
horns. {XVI. cent, window, St. 
Patrice, Rouen.) As huntsman 
kneeUng before a stag. {Baring- 
Gould.) Wading a ford, wild 
beastsgoingbefore him on bank.) 
{MS., St. Wulfran's, Abbeville.) 
Wading a ford, children on the 
bank carried ofl[ by wild beasts. 
{Bodleian, Oxford.) Warrior with 
his two sons. {Pitti Palace, N. 
Soggi.) Burnt in a buU of brass. 
{XVI. cent, window, St. Patrice, 
Rouen ; Statuary, Chartres Cath.) 
Blowing a bugle horn. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Wading river, two 
children in his arms. {Statuary, 
Wells Cath.) Butler, Baring- 
Gould, all Marts, (but some- 
times on Sept. II and 15). 

St. Eustachius 

M. 1342 Companion of St. 
Anthony (Apr. 14), q.v. 

St. Eustatia of Saintes 

V.M. 3rd cent. (May 21). Said 
to have been converted by St. 
Eutropius (Apr. 30), whom she 
buried after his martjrrdom, 
subsequently being murdered 
by her own brother. Baring- 
Gould. 



St. Eustasius of Luxeuil 

Ab. 625 (Mar. 29). Apostle of 
North Gaul. Canying a young 
blind woman, St. Salaberga 
(Sept. 22). (Cahier.) Butler, Ado, 
N other, Rom., Gall, and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Eustasius. See 
St. Eustace 

(Mar. 29). 

St. Eustathius of 
Antioch 

Patr. c. 336 (July 16). Present 
at the Council of Nicaea, but 
afterwards deprived of his 
bishopric and banished by the 
Arian Council. Baring-Gould, 
Rom. Mart., Ado, Usuardus, 
Theodoret, Sozomen, etc. 

St. Eustella. See 
St. Eustalia 

(May 21). 

St. Eustochium of 
Bethlehem 

V.M. 419 (Sept. 28 and Nov. 2). 
Holding a lily ; a gold-fringed 
veil on her head. {Nat. Gal.) 
Seated in a cave ; a roUed 
palliasse beside her ; crucifix 
and rosaty in her lap. {Engrav- 
ing.) Butler, Molanus, Mod. 
Rom. Mart., Greven, Canisius 
and Ferrarius (on Feb. 20I, 
Carmelite Kalendar (on Mar. 2). 

St. Eustochius of Tours 

B. 461 (Sept. 19). Successor to 
St. Brice in the see of Tours, he 
built the church of SS. Gervasius 
and Protasius in that city. 
Butler, St. Gregory of 'Tours, 
Baillei, etc. 

St. Eustochius 

M. Companion of St. Elpidius 
(Nov. 16), q.v. 

St. Eustorgius I. of 
Lombardy 

4th cent. (Sept. 18). Tenth 
bishop of Milan, he is mentioned 
by St. Athanasius for his re- 
sistance to Arianism. Rom. and 
Milanese Marts. 

St. Eustorgius II. of 
Lombardy 

518 (June 6). Bishop of Milan. 

SS. Eustratius and 
Orestes of Armenia 

MM. 305 pec. 13). St. 
Eustratius burnt on gridiron. 
{Vat. Lib., Cat. Sanct.) 

St. Euthymius the 
Great of Palestine 

Ab. 473 (Jan. 20). An Armenian 
of Mditene, he was made 
bishop of the wandering tribes 
by Juvenel, Patriarch of Jeru- 
salem, lived sixty-eight years 
in the deserts, and died superior 
of a Laura between Jerusalem 
and Jericho. Greek, Latin and 
Syriac Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Euthymius, Bishop 
of Sardis 

M. c. 827 (Mar. 11). Exiled to 
Patalarea by the Emperor 
Nicephorus, and beaten to death 
with cow-hide scourges by 
Michael the Stammerer. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men., Leo the Gram- 
marian, Cedrenus, Zonaras, etc. 

St. Eutropia 

V.M. Sister of St. Nicasius 
pec. 14), q.v. Torch in hand. 
[Ikon.) 

St. Eutropia. See 
St. Wilgefortis 

(July 20). 

St. Eutropia 

M. Companion of St. Afra 
(Aug. 5), q.v. 

St. Eutropius 

B. M. 308 (Mar. 3). Metal shoes 
with nails through them. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Green tree near him. 
{Chris. Kunst.) SkioU cloven 
with sword. {Ikon.) 

St. Eutropius of 
Saintes 

M.B. 3rd cent. (Apr. 30). Youth 
taking leave of an aged king, 
his father. {Window.SensCath., 
and Tab. des Peintres Prim.) 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. , Usuardus, 
Ado, Notker, etc. 

St. Eutropius of 
Vaucluse 

c. 488 (May 27). Bishop of 
Orange. 

St. Eutyches or 
Eutychius 

c. 80 (Aug. 24 and May 28). 
A disciple of St. John the Divine 
and St. Paul. The May festival 
given in the Greek Menology 
may possibly commemorate 
another saint, a martyr, of the 
same name. Gk. Menaa and 
Menology, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Eutyches 

M. Companion of St. Maro 
(Apr. 15), q.v. 

St. Eutychianus 

Po. 283 (Dec. 8). A Tuscan by 
birth, he succeeded St. Felix 
in the Papal Chair. Rom. Mart., 
Usuardus. 

St. Eutychius 

M. Companion of St. Placidus 
(Oct. 5), q.v. 

St. Evantius of Isere 

586 (Feb. 3). Bishop of Vienna. 

St. Evaristus of Rome 

B.M. 108 (Oct. 26). Manger 
near him. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Ado, Eusebius, Tillemont, 
Mabillon, Rom. Mart. 

St. Eve. See St. la 

(Oct. 27). 

45 



St. Evelasius 

M. Companion of St. Fausta 
(Sept. 20), q.v. Sawed in a chest. 
(Callot.) 

St. Evellius of Rome 

M. c. 65 (May 11). Was con- 
verted at sight of martyrdom 
of St. Torpes of Pisa (May 17), 
q.v. 

St. Eventius. See 
St. Juventius 

(Feb. 8). 

St. Everard 

C. Church in his hand. {Cahier.) 

St. Evergislus, or 
Evergisl, of Cologne 

B.M. c. 425 (Oct. 24). Pierced 
with an arrow, or javelin, by 
robbers. {Cahier.) 

St. Everildis 

B. In episcopal vestments. 
{Window, St. Everildis' Church, 
Nether Poppleton, Yorks.) 

St. Everildis of England 

V. c. 650 (July 9). Seeking to 
enter a nimneiy with two other 
virgins, Bega and Wiildreda, she 
was sheltered by St. Wilfred. 
Butler, Solier {the BoUandist). 

St. Evermar of Belgium 

M. c. 700 (May i). A native of 
Friesland, murdered on pilgrim- 
age to the shrine of St. Servais 
at Maestricht. Belg. Marts. 

St. Evermod of 
Prussia 

1178 (Feb. 17). Bishop of 
Ratzeburg. Breaking prisoners' 
chains by sprinkling them with 
Holy Water. {Cahier.) 

St. Evermund of 
Normandy 

Ab. Fdr. 6th cent. (June 10). 
Bom at Bqi^eux, he founded and 
became first Abbot of the Abbey 
of Fontenay. Gall, and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Evertius of Aries 

B. c. 390 (Sept. 7). Vide St. 
Eunvurchus. Proclaimed Bishop 
by the appearance of a dove. 
{Icon. Sane'.) As a cook, wear- 
ing an apron. {Painting, St. 
Peter, Touraine.) 

St. Evodius of Antioch 

B. c. 66. (May 6). First Bishop 
of Antioch after St. Peter. Has 
been described as a martyr, but 
there is no evidence as to the 
manner of his death. Philippians 
iv. 2, all Western Marts. 

St. Evodius of Toulouse 

c. 400 (Nov. 12). Was Bishop 
of Le Puy. 

St. Evotiusof Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Companion to St. 
Optatus, q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Evre. See St. Aper 

(Sept. 15.) 

St. Evronie. See 
St. Apronia 

(July 15). 
St. Evroul. See 
St. Ebrulgus 

(Dec. 29). 

St. Evurtius. See 
St. Evertius 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Ewald the Black of 
Westphalia 

P.M. c. 693 (Oct. 3). Sword and 
chalice. {Fresco, Cologne.) 
Sword and palm. {Fresco, Si. 
Cuniberi, Cologne.) Lamb on 
book. {Cahier.) Light shining 
down from heaven upon him 
and his brother, St. EwaJd the 
White. {Attrib. der Heil, and 
Cahier.) Butler, Bede, Rom. and 
Ger. Marts. 

St. Ewald the White of 
Westphalia 

P.M. c. 693 (Oct. 3). Beaten 
with clubs. {Bart, de Bruyn of 
Cologne.) Exorcising possessed 
woman. (Ibid.) Chalice and book. 
{Frescoes, Cologne.) A large club. 
{St. Cunibert, Cologne.) Butler, 
Bede, Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Ewe. See St. la 

(Oct. 27). 

St. Expeditus of 
Melitena (Armenia) 

M. (Apr. 19). Treading on a 
crow. {Cahier.) Costumed as a 
Roman legionary holding palm 
and small cross inscribed 
" Hodie " ; under his foot a 
raven, on a scroU issuing from 
its mouth the words " Cras, 
Cras. ' ' {Engraving. ) 

St. Exuperantius of 
Emilia 

418 (May 30). A Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. Exuperantius 

D.M. Companion of St. Sab- 
rinus (Dec. 30), q.v. Canying 
his head in his hand. {Window, 
Vincent Collection.) Naked, 
boimd to a tree. {Ibid.) Boiled 
in a cauldron. {Ibid.) 

St. Exuperius of 
Toulouse 

B. c. 415 (Sept. 28). Holding an 
asperge. QVindow, Toulouse 
Cath.) Holding a plough. 
{Husenbeth.) Butler, Usuardus, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Fabian of Rome 

Po.M. 250 (Jan. 20). Dove by 
his side. {Molanus.) With 
sword. {Attrib. der Heil.) With 
club. Kneeling at a block. 
Tiara and dove. {Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Eusebius, St. Jerome, 
Rom. Mart. 



St. Fachnan of Ireland 

B. c. 590 (Aug. 14). Abbot of 
Darinis Moelanfaidh (co. Water- 
ford), he became Bishop of 
Rosscarberry. Celt. Marts. 

St. Facundo. See 
St. John of Sagahun 

(June 12). 

SS. Facundus and 
Primitivus of Galicia 

MM. 304 (Nov. 27). Sons of 
St. Marcellus, tortured and de- 
capitated by the praetor Atticus. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Failbhe of Scotland 

Ab. (Oct. 6). According to 
Baring-Gould, there were five 
Scottish abbots of this name. 
St. Failbhe, son of Pipan, suc- 
ceeded St. Cumine the White 
as Abbot of lona, c. 669, being 
himself succeeded by St. 
Adamnan. St. Failbhe the 
Little, also an Abbot of lona, 
succeeded St. KiQen in 748. 
Another St. Failbhe the Little 
was Abbot of Clonmacnois and 
died in 711. A fourth St. 
Failbhe was successor to St. 
Maelrubha of Apurcrossan in 
722 and perished by shipwreck 
in 732. Failbhe, Abbot of Er- 
dairs, died in 766. Dempster, 
Ferrarius. 

St. Faine. See 
St. Fanchea 

(Jan. i). 

St. Faith of Agen 

V.M. c. 287 (Oct. 6). Holding 
a gridiron. {French stained glass, 
Grosvenor Thomas Collection.) 
Sword and gridiron. {Brass, 
Newton, Northants.) One arm on 
iron bed. {Window, Winchester 
Cath.) Seated, crowned, on iron 
bed with book. {St. Lawrence, 
Norwich.) Bundle of rods in 
her hand. Butler, Rom. Mart., 
Sarum, York and Hereford 
Breviaries. 

SS. Faith, Hope and 
Charity 

VV. M:M. 120 (Aug. i). Three 
children holding swords. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Fanchea of Ireland 

V. 6th cent. (Jan. i). Possibly 
an abbess, she is venerated at 
Rosairthir in the diocese of 
Clogher and at KiUiaine on the 
borders of Meath. Butler, 
Chatelain. 

St. Fara of Meaux 

V. Abs. c. 650 Pec. 7). An 
ear or ears of com in her hand. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Fargean. See 
St. Ferreolus 

(June 16). 

46 



St. Faro of Meaux 

B.C. c. 672 (Oct. 28.) Brother 
to SS. CagnoaJd (Sept. 6), q.v., 
and Fara pec. 7), q.v., he suc- 
ceeded Gundoald as Bishop of 
Meaux. Butler, Mabillon, Du 
Plessis, Usuardus, Wandelbert, 
Gall, and Rom. Marts. 

St. Fausta of Oyzicum 

M. c. 305 (Sept. 20). In cauldron 
of melted lead. {Callot.) Being 
cast into a cauldron of melted 
lead. {Combs Church.) Hungup, 
hands and feet sawed off, in- 
structing Evdasius (Sept. 20). 
{Gueffier.) Holdiag nails. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Faustian of 
Emilia 

c. 300 (Feb. 26). Bishop of 
Bologna. 

SS. Faustinus, P., and 
Jovita, Dn., of Brescia 

MM. c. 120 (Feb. 15). Brothers. 
Habited as deacons. {Brescia 
churches.) Angel drawing them 
out of water. {Callot.) Butter, 
Bede, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Faustinus 

M. Companion of St. Beatrix 
(July 29), q.v. Shield bearing 
three lilies. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Faustus 

304 (Sept. 8). With bunch of 
arrows. {Attrib. der Heil.) De- 
fending the city of Brescia 
besieged. {Grazio Cossale, 
Brescia.) 

St. Faustus of 
Alexandria 

Dn.M. 304 (Nov. 19). A com- 
panion of St. Dionysius the 
Archbishop in his exile. When 
an old man he was beheaded 
in the Diocletian persecution. 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Faustus and Com- 
panions, of Cordova 

MM. c. 310 (Oct. 13). Tortured 
and burnt before the governor, 
Eulogius. Butler, Ruinart, Pru- 
dentius. Ado, Usuardus, Mod. 
Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Faustus of Riez 

B. c. 490 (Sept. 28). A native 
of Britain or of Armorica, he 
succeeded St. Maximus as Abbot 
of Lerins,and was elected Bishop 
of Riez, c. 452. Baring-Gould 
(on above date), Maurolycus, 
Ferrarius, Greven and Saussaye 
(on Jan. 16). 

St. Faustus 

Companion of St. Dion3rsius of 
Alexandria (Oct. 3), q.v. 

St. Faustus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 



T.ATi: III 




ST. FAETH. V.M. 



XV Century Window. 

In a private collection. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Febroma of Syria 

V.M. c. 304 (June 25). Crown 
and sword. (Ikon.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Mmeea and Men- 
ology. 

St. Fechin. See 
St. Fiachna 

(Apr. 29). 

St. Fechin of Foure 
(Ireland) 

d. 664 of the plague (Jan. 20). 
Raising horses to Uf e. [Cahier.) 
Butler, Bollandus and Colgan. 

St. Fedlimid of Kilmore 

B.C. c. 550 (Aug. 9). Venerated 
in the diocese of Kilmore, he is 
said to have been brother to St. 
Dermot, and Bishop of Clunes, 
near Lough Erne. Colgan, Ware, 
Celt. Mart. 

St. Felan. See St. Filan 

(Jan. 9). 

St. Felician of Fologni 

B.M. 287 (Jan. 24). Hands and 
feet bored through. (Chris. 
Kunst.) Tongs and hook. 
(Attrib. der Hetl.) Offering to 
God a model of the town of 
Foligni. (Cahier.) 

St. Felician of Minden 

B.M. c. 250 (Oct. 20). Probably 
identical with St. FeUcian of 
Foligni (Jan. 24), Whose reUcs 
were translated to Minden in 
Westphalia, c. 965. Rom. Mart. 

St. Felicianus 

M. A brother of St. Primus 
(June 9), q.v., he was martyred 
with St. Caprasius (Oct. 20), q.v. 

St. Felicissimus 

C. Companion of St. Rogationus 
(Oct. 26), q.v. 

St. Felicitas, W., and 
her seven sons of Rome 

MM. c. 164 (Nov. 23 and July 
10). Holding book and palm, 
smrounded by her seven sons. 
(St. Felicita, Florence.) In 
cauldron of boiling oil. (Villa 
Magliana, Raphael.) Sword 
with seven heads on blade, 
(MS. Hours.) Beheaded With 
her seven sons. (Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Sword and seven 
children. (Chris. Kunst.) Butler, 
Ruinart, Tillemont and Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Felicitas 

M. Companion of St. Perpetua 
(Mar. 7), q.v. 

St. Felicula of Rome 

V.M. 81 (June 13). Foster- 
sister of St. PetroniUa (May 31), 
racked and suffocated in a sewer 
byoneFlaccus. Bede,Usuardus, 
Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Felinus 

M. Companion of St. Gratian 
(June i), q.v. 



St. Felix of Aquitaine 

584 (July 8). Bishop of Nantes. 

St. Felix Cantalicio 

O.M.C. 1587 (May 21). Carry- 
ing the Infant Christ. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Jesus as a child 
putting a loaf into his wallet. 
(Murillo.) Wallet on his shoul- 
der. (Cahier.) Sack over his 
shotdderinscribed"Deog>'a^/as." 
(Baring-Gould.) Leading an ass 
laden with a sack. (Ihid.) 
Giving St. Philip Neri to drink 
from a bottle in the street. 
(Ibid.) Butler, Pafebroke. 

St. Felix of Dunwich 

B. 646 (Mar. 8). Episcopal 
vestments, three rings on right 
hand. (Roodscreen, Ranworth.) 
Butler, Bede, Wm. of Malmes- 
bury, Rom. and Gail. Marts., 
Sarum Breviary. 

St. Felix of Gerona 

M. c. 303 (Aug. i). Trading 
with St. Cucuphas (July 25) to 
Barcelona, he was arrested there 
during the Diocletian persecu- 
tion, taken to Gerona and there 
tortured and executed for re- 
fusing to adore idols. Butler 
and all Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Felix of Emilia 

429 (Dec. 4). Bishop of Bologna. 

St. Felix of Lombardy 

C. c. 380 (Oct. 8). A Bishop of 
Como. 

St. Felix II. of Lorraine 

731 Pec. 22). Bishop of Metz. 

St. Felix the Confessor 
of Nola 

p. 266 (Jan. 14). In cave closed 
by cobweb. (Ikon.) Carrying 
Bishop Maximus out of prison. 
(Cahier.) With broken earthen 
vessel, or potsherds. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) An angel striking off his 
chains. (Baring-Gould^ With 
abimchof grapes. (Ibid.) With 
a spider. (Ibid.) Butler, Tille- 
mont and Bede. 

St. Felix the Martyr of 
Nola 

3rd cent. (Jan. 14). Fastened 
to a bed of sea-sheUs; angel 
bringing him a crown. (Callot.) 

St. Felix of Pincis 

B.M. N.D. SchoolbojTS stabbing 
him with iron styles and strik- 
ing him with their tablets. 
(Das Passionael.) 

St. Felix I. of Rome 

Po.M. c. 274 (May 30). An 
anchor. (Huesnbeth.) 

St. Felix II. of Rome 

Po. 365 (July 29). Was made 
Pope in 355 by Constantius on 
the expulsion of Liberius for 
resistance to Arianism, he was 
himself expelled on liberius' 
return in 357 and died in retire- 
ment. Ado, Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 

47 



St. Felix of Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optattis 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Felix of Spalato 

B. c. 304 (May 18). Tortured 
by and executed with the sword 
by Diocletian on his retirement 
to Spalato. Usuardus, Notker, 
Ado and Rom. Mart. 

St. Felix of Sutri 

P.M. 257 (June 23). Martyred 
under the Prefect Turcius by 
having his face beaten in with 
a boulder. Baronius, Bollandus 
and Rom. Mart. 

St. Felix of Trier 

c. 426 (Mar. 26). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Felix of Tunis 

M. (Nov. 6). Died in prison 
the night after his trial. Ado, 
Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Fehx of Valois 

C. 1212 (Nov. 20). White stag, 
cross between its horns. (Col. 
milit. Eccl.) Broken chain in his 
hand. (Ibid.) B. Trinity giving 
him a scapular with a cross 
upon the breast. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) B.V. Mary and angels 
singing in choir. (Cahier.) Red 
and blue cross on scapular and 
cloak. (Attrib. der Hetl.) Sitting 
by a fountain, stag drinking. 
(Jameson.) 

St. Felix of Venossa 

B.M. 303 (Oct. 24). Bishop of 
Tubzacene in Africa, he was 
brought to Italy and martyred 
in the Diocletian persecution. 
Butler, Ado, Bede, Hrabanus, 
Baronius, Ruinart, Neapolitan 
and Rom Marts, and Gk. Men. 

SS. Felix, P., and 
Adauctus of Ostia, or 
Rome 

MM. c. 304 (Aug. 30). The priest 
Felix, being led to execution in 
the Diocletian persecution, was 
joined by a stranger, who also 
confessed himself a Christian, 
and the two were beheaded 
together. His real name never 
having been discovered, he has 
been called Adauctus from his 
joining St. FeUx. Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Felix and Fortun- 
atus of Aquileia 

MM. 296 (June 11). Two 
brothers tortured and beheaded 
by the prefect, Euphemius, 
for refusing to sacrifice to 
Jupiter. Greven, Molanus, 
Maurolycus and Canisius (on 
May 14) ; Usuardus, Notker, 
Ado and Rom. Mart, (on above 
date). 

SS. Felix and Regula 
of Zurich 

MM. Late 3rd cent. (Sept. 11). 
Brother and sister. Carrying 



Saints and their Emblems 



their heads in their hands. 
(Window, Vincent Collection.) 
Naked, bound to a tree. {Ibid.) 
Boiled in a cauldron. {Ibid.) 

St. Felix, P., and Com- 
panions, of Valence 

MM. c. 212 (Apr. 23). The priest 
FeUx and two deacons being 
sent into Gaul by St. Irenaeus 
of Lyons were denounced to the 
governor Comehusand beheaded 
for breaking an amber statue 
in the Temple of Jupiter at 
Valence. Ado, Notker, Rom. 
and Gall. Marts. 

SS. Felix 

MM. Two of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Felix 

M. c. 169. Companion of St. 
Andochius (Sept. 24), q.v. 

St. Felix 

M. Companion of St. Caleposius 
(May 10), q.v. 

St. Felix of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Felix 

B.M. Companion of St. Cyprian 
(Oct. 12), q.v. 

St. Felix 

M. Companion of St. Hilaiy 
(Mar. 16), q.v. 

St. Felix 

M. Companion of St. Januarius 
(July 10), q.v. 

St. Felix 

Ch. Companion of St. Maurus 
(June 16), q.v. 

St. Felix of Milan 

M. Companion of St. Nabor 
(July 12), q.v. 

St. Felix 

Dn.M. Companion of St. 
Narcissus (Mar. 18), q.v. 

St. Felix 

M. Companion of St. Neme- 
sianus (Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. Ferannan. See 
St. Forannan 

(Apr. 30). 

St. Ferdinand III. of 
Castile 

K. 1252 (May 30). Armed 
knight with a greyhound. 
{Window, Chartres Cath.) As a 
king, with a cross on his breast. 
{Ikon.) Key in hand. {Cahier.) 
On horseback, a Moorish prince 
kneeUng to him. {Seville Cath.) 
Butler, Papebroke, Rom. and 
Spn. Marts., etc. 

St. Fergus of Grlamis 

B. c. 750 (Nov. 17). An Irish 
bishop who crossed over to the 
West of Scotland, founded 
churches at Wick, Halkirk 



Limgley and elsewhere, and 
died at Glamis. He is possibly 
identical with St. Fergus Cruith- 
neach of the Donegal and 
TaHaght Martyrologies xmder 
Sept. 8. Dempster, King, Aber- 
deen Breviary. 

St. Ferreolus of 
Limousin 

c. 595 (Sept. 18). Bishop of 
Limoges. 

St. Ferreolus. See 
St. Ernan 

(Dec. 22). 

St. Ferreolus of Vienne 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 18). Loaded 
with heavy chains. {C allot.) 
Chains faUing oft. [Icon. Sand.) 
Gibbet near him. {Ikon.) 
Broken chain in hand. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Passing the Rhone 
supported by two angels. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Ruinart, Ceil- 
lier, Tillemont, Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. and Gall. Mart. 

SS. Ferreolus, P., and 
Ferrutius of Besancon 

MM. c. 212 (Jime 16). St. 
Ferreolus holding needles and 
a scourge of chains. (Burgmaier.) 

St. Fiachna of Ireland 

C. c. 650 (Apr. 29). A native 
of Desies, in Munster, and a 
monk of Lismore, he is titular 
saint of the parish of KiU- 
Fiachna in the diocese of Ard- 
fert. Butler, Colgan. 

S. Fiacre of Breuil 

H.C. c. 650 (Aug. 30). Diggmg 
in a garden. {Callot.) Hermit 
kneehng with beads. {Ikon.) 
Spade and open book. XVI. 
cent, window, St. Patrice, Rouen.) 
Hind at his feet. On a stone 
seat. Spade in one hand, 
woman accusing him of sorcery. 
{Cahier.) Monk preaching to 
birds. {XVI. cent, window, St. 
Patrice, Rouen.) An old man 
with spade before a bishop. 
{Ibid.) Butler, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Fiari. See 
St. Phaebadus 

(Apr. 23). 

St. Fidelis of Como 

M. c. 285 (Oct. 28). A native 
of Milan, baptized by St. Mater- 
nus, beaten and beheaded in 
the Maximinian persecution. 
Milan Kalendar, Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Fidelis of Sigmar- 
ingen 

M. Fr. 1622 (Apr. 24). With 
club set with spikes. {Ikon.) 
A whirlbat. {Christ. Kunst.) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Fidelis of Spain 

c. 570 (Feb. 7). Bishop of 
Merida. 

48 



St. Fidelis 

M. (Mar. 23). Beaten with rods. 
{Husenbeth.) 

St. Fidentius of Venice 

(Nov. 16). Bishop of Padua. 

St. Fides 

V.M. (Aug. i). Legendary 
daughter of St. Sapientia, q.v. 
As a child, holding a sword. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Fidharleus of 
Ireland 

762 (Oct. i). An abbot of 
Raithen. Butler, Colgan, Celtic 
Kalendars. 

St. Fidolus of Troyes 

c. 540 (May 16). A slave of 
noble birth, he was taken into 
the Abbey of Celle, where he suc- 
ceeded St. Aventine as Abbot. 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Fiech of Ireland 

Early 6th cent. (Oct. 12). A 
disciple of Dabtach, the bard, 
baptized and made Bishop of 
Sletty by St. Patrick. Celt. 
Marts. 

St. Filan of Scotland 

Ab. 7th cent. (Jan. 9). Suc- 
ceeded his teacher, St. Mimgo, 
as Abbot of Fife. Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

St. Filomena. See 
St. Philomena 

(Aug. 10). 

St. Fina of Tuscany 

V. 253 (Mar. 12). Poor, and a 
paralytic, she is said tahave been 
warned of her death by a vision 
of St. Gregory. She is speci- 
ally venerated at Geminiani. 
A Life by John de Geminiani. 

St. Finan, or Finian, the 
Leper of Ireland 

Ab. c. 610 (Mar. 16). A disciple 
of St. Brendan and founder of 
the Abbey of Inisfallen (co. 
Kerry.) Butler, Usher, Colgan. 

St. Finan of Lindisfarne 

B. 661 (Feb. 17). Successor to 
St. Aidan in the Northumbrian 
mission from lona. Baptizing 
a kneeling king. {Engraving.) 
Colgan, Bede, Eng. Mart. 

St. Finan of Munster 

p. (Apr. 7). A disciple of St. 
Brendan and founder of the 
monastery of Ceanethich. But- 
ler, Colgan. 

St. Finbar of Cork 

B. 623 (Sept. 25). A native of 
Connaught, said to have accom- 
panied St. Madoc to Britain 
and St. David to Rome. Demp- 
ster, Celt. Marts., Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

St. Finbar of Leinster 

Ab. (July 4). Founder of 
Crimlen Monastery between 
Kinselech and Desies. Butler, 
Colgan, 



SS. Fingar and Piala, of 
Cornwall or Brittany 

MM. c. 430 (Mar. 23). A brother 
and sister of Irish nationality 
taken and sold into slavery by 
Caractacus. Wilson's Anglican 
Mart, (on above date), Colgan 
(on Feb. 23). 

St. Finian of Ulster 

B.C. c. 560 (Sept. 10). At his 
prayers, rocksfallingoninvaders. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Colgan, Usher. 

St. Finnian of Clonard 

B.C. c. 552 pec. 12). A native 
of Leinster, celebrated for his 
many foundations of churches 
in Wales. Usher, Colgan, Celt. 
Marts. 

St. Finnian. See 
St. Frigidian 

(Mar. 18.) 

St. Fintan of Colenagh 

Ab. 6th or 7th cent. (Feb. 17). 
Crossing the sea on his cloak. 
(Cahier.) Sprinkling harvesters 
and fields with Holy Water. 
(Ibid.) Bede, Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Fintan of Ireland 

Ab. 634 (Oct. 21). Founder of 
the monastery of Teach-munnu 
in Leinster. Butler, Usher, 
Colgan, Scot. Breviary (as St. 
Mundus). 

St. Firmilian of 
Caesarea 

B. c. 269 (Oct. 28). A native 
of Cappadocia and student of 
philosophy under Origen, he be- 
came Bishop of Caesarea c. 232. 
Gk. Menma and Menology, St. 
Jerome, Bede, Florus, Ado and 
Hrabanus. 

St. Firminus I of 
Amiens 

B.M. 287 (Sept. 25). Carrying 
his head mitred. (MS. Hours.) 
Mitred head on ground, sword 
near it. (Burgmaier.) Trees and 
flowers blooming as his relics 
pass. (Cahier.) Butler, Tille- 
mont, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Sarum, York and Hereford 
Breviaries, 

St. Firminus II. of 
Amiens 

B.C. (Sept. i). Son of Faus- 
tinian, Prefect of Gaul, who was 
baptized by St. Firminus I., he 
became third Bishop of Amiens. 
Butler. 

St. Firminus of 
Languedoc 

453 (Oct. 11). Bishop of Uzes. 

St. Firminus of 
Lorraine 

496 (Aug. 18). Bishop of Metz. 
o 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Firmus and 
Rusticus of Verona 

MM. c. 304 (Aug. 9). Angel 
bringing them food in prison. 
ifluserKieth.) 

St. Flannen of Killaloe 

B. Late 7th cent. (Aug. 28 or 
Dec. 18). Son of K. Turlough of 
Thomond and first Bishop of 
Killaloe, the see being endowed 
by his father. Celt. Marts. 

St. Flavia Domitilla 

V.M. (May 12). Companion of 
St. Nereus, q.v. Standing be- 
tween her chamberlains, SS. 
Nereus and Achilleus. (Rubens, 
S.M. delta Vallicella, Rome.) 

St. Flavia 

M. Sister and companion of St. 
Placidus (Oct. 5), q.v. Stand- 
ing with a heavy weight tied to 
her feet. (C allot.) In Benedic- 
tine habit, with palm and crown. 
(Perugino, Perugia.) 

St. Flavian of Aquapen- 
dente 

M. 380 (Dec. 22). Branded on 
the forehead. (Cahier.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Flavian of Con- 
stantinople 

Abp. M. 449 (Feb. 18). Suc- 
cessor to St. Proclus, he was 
fatally bruised and kicked at 
a church council held at 
Ephesus. Rom. Mart. 

SS. Flavian and Elias of 
Antioch 

BB. 518 (July 4). Patriarchs, 
respectively, of Antioch and 
Jerusalem, banished by the 
Emperor Anastasius during the 
Eutychian controversy. Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Flavian 

M. Companion of St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

St. Flisca. See 

St. Catherine Flisca 

(Sept. 15). 

St. Flora of Cordova 

V.M. 851 (Nov. 24). Holding 
her head cut off in her hand, 
flowers growing from her neck. 
(Fosbrooke'sMonachism.) Butler, 
Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Florebert of 
Flanders 

746 (Apr. 25). Bishop of Liege. 

St. Floregius of Ehodes 

N.D. (July I or 5). Described as 
Bishop of Estaing, he is said to 
have died at Vercelli on his 
return from a papal council at 
Rome. The date of his death is 
unknown and his very existence 
problematical. Gall. Mart. 

49 



St. Florence of Ireland 

Pec. 15). Was an abbot of Ben- 
chor. Butler, Colgan, Celt. Marts. 

St. Florentia of Poitiers 

V. 367 pec. i). Said to have 
been baptized by St. Hilary, she 
died in retirement at CombM. 
Gall. Mart. 

St. Florentia of Seville 

V. c. 630 (June 20). Bom at 
Carthagena, she was sister to 
SS. Leander and Isidore, both 
of whom addressed treatises to 
her. Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Florentine of Trier 

c. 250 (Oct. 17). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Florentinus of 
Vindemialis 

B.C. 5th cent. Killing a dragon 
with a cross. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Florentius of 
Glonne 

Ab. C. 415 (n.d.). In a boat 
steered by an angel. (Cahier.) 

St. Florentius of Isere 

B.M. 258 (Jan. 3). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Florentius of 
Strasburg 

B.C. 675 (Nov. 7). WUd beasts 
about him, or coming to his hut. 
(Callot.) Curing a blmd princess. 
(Icon. Sanct.) Bear keeping 
Ids sheep. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Hanging his mantle on sun- 
beam. (Cahier.) Church in his 
hand. (Ibid.) 

St. Florentius of 
Thessalonica 

M. 4th cent. (Oct. 13). Burnt 
to death in a brazier. (Cahier.) 
Gk. and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Florentius 

M. Companion of St. Gereon 
(Oct. 10), q.v. 

St. Florentius 

Dn.M. Companion of St. Nica- 
sius Pec. 14), q.v. 

St. Florian of Lorch 

M. c. 250 (May 4). Right hand 
resting on millstone. (Murillo, 
Hermitage, D. Petersburg.) 
Pouring water on a burning 
house or city. (Mon. St. Florian; 
Bilder Legende.) Stone about 
his neck and thrown into a 
river. (Attrib. der Heil.) His 
body guarded by an eagle. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Florus of Lodeve 
(Languedoc) 

B.C. c. 480 (Nov. 3). Causing 
a stream to rise out of the 
ground. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Saussaye. 



Saints 

St. Flosculus of 
Aquitaine 

c. 500 (Feb. 2). Bishop of 
Orleans. 

St. Foelan. See 
St. Filan 

(Jan. 9). 

St. Foillan of Fosses, in 
Hainault 

M. 655 (Oct. 31). Brother to 
SS. Ultan and Fursey, he be- 
came instructor to the Abbey 
of St. Gertrude of Nivelle and 
was murdered by infidels in 
the forest of Sonec, Hainault. 
Builer, Bede, Menardus, Mol- 
anus, Usher, Rom., Belg. and 
Gall. Marts., etc. 

St. Foix. See 
St. Paternus 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Forannan of 
Waulsor 

Ab. 982 (Apr. 30). Standing on 
a cross on water. {Old engrav- 
ing.) Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Forgel 

M. N.D. Chains broken miracu- 
lously and himself delivered 
from prison. (Gueffier.) 

St. Fortchern of Trim 

B. A companion of St. Loman 
(Feb. 17), q.v. He is said to 
have been the son of Tigridia, 
sister of St. Patrick. 

St, Fortunatus 

M. 250 (n.d.). a pair of shears. 
(Ikon.) 

St. Fortunatus of Rome 

M. (Feb. 3). His body was dis- 
covered in the cemetery of St. 
Calixtus at Rome in 1606 and 
translated to the Jesuit Church 
at Antwerp in 1622. Rom. Mart. 

St. Fortunatus of 
Umbria 

537 (Oct. 14). Bishop of Todi. 

St. Fortunatus 

M. One of the Twelve Brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Fortunatus 

M. Brother of St. Felix (June 
II), q.v. 

St. Fortunatus 

Dn.M. Companion of St. Felix 
(Apr. 23), q.v. 

St. Foster. See 
St. Yedast 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Frances of Rome 

W. 1440 (Mar. 9). Foundress of 
the Order of the Collatines (or 
Oblates). Basket of bread, angel 
by her side. {Vatican, F. Bar- 
bteri.) Angel by her side in 
dalmatic. (Ikon.) Angel kneel- 
ing, open basket of bread at her 



and their Emblems 



feet. {Turin Gal., Guercino.) 
Infant Jesus placed in her arms 
by B.V. Mary. (Cahier.) Con- 
templating Hell. {Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Francis of Assisi 

C. 1226 (Oct. 4). Founder of 
the Franciscan Order. Crowned 
with thorns, stigmas on hands, 
feet and side, bearing the cross. 
{Roodscreen, Stalham.) Ibid. 
Preaching from wagon, dis- 
playing stigmas in Ms hands. 
{Old seal.) Friar, carrying a 
cross. {Turin Gal., Procaccini.) 
Winged crucifix appearing 
to him. {Roodscreen, Kenn.) 
Infant Jesus in manger appear- 
ing to him. {Cahier.) Cross in 
right hand, lighted lamp in 
left, trampling on a serpent with 
an apple in its mouth, an in- 
flamed heart above him. {Etch- 
ing, -private coll.) Globe at his 
feet. {Attrib. der Heil. (Lily 
in hand. {Ikon.) Kneeling in 
Franciscan habit, receiving the 
stigmata from a winged cherub. 
{XVI. cent, window, Seville 
Cath.) Propping up the Lateran 
Basilica. {Gueffier.) Ascending 
in fiery chariot. {Christ. Kunst^ 
Preaching to a sultan. {Upper 
Church, Assisi.) Preaching to 
birds. {Louvre, Giotto.) With 
a lamb. (Ibid.) Receiving Holy 
Infant from B.V. Mary. (L. 
Caracci.) Roses springing from 
his blood. {Florence, Ghirlan- 
dajo.) Causing water to issue 
from a rock. {Upper Church, 
Assisi.) Rays of red light (or 
streams of blood) from wounds 
in a crucifix to the saint's 
hands, feet and side. {Window, 
St. Gudule, Brussels ; Roodscreen, 
Bradninch.) Butler, Rom. and 
Frans. Marts., etc. 

St. Francis of Girolamo 

S.J. 1716 (May 11). Bom at 
Grottaglia, he was ordained 
priest in 1666 and spent his life 
in mission work among the 
poor of Naples. Rom. Mart. 

St. Francis Borgia of 
Rome 

C.S.J. 1572 (Oct. 10). Kneeling 
before B. Sacrament. {Vienna 
Gal. , A rtois. ) Baptizing Indians 
or Japanese. {Cahier.) Car- 
dinal's hat near him. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Francis Caracciolo 
of Naples 

C. 1608 (June 4). Founder of 
the Order of Regular Clerks 
Minors. Bom at Villa Santa 
Maria, he was smitten with 
leprosy at the age of twenty- 
two, but was cured on entering 
the priesthood. He died at 
Agnone, whence his relics were 
translated to Naples. Rom. 
Mart. 

50 



St. Francis of Paula 

C. 1508 (Apr. 2). Founder of 
the Order of Minims. The word 
Charitas appearing to him in 
letters of light. {Callot.) Stand- 
ing on his cloai on the sea. 
{Louvre.) Staff, cracifix and 
rosary. {Chorographia Sancta 
Brabantice.) Holding a skull. 
{Print after Guido.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Francis de Sales 

Bishop of Geneva. 1622 (Jan. 
29). Sacred Heart crowned with 
thorns in a glory above him. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Heart in 
hand. {Ibid.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Francis Solano of 
Lima 

C. 1610 (July 24). Indians 
round him. {Ikon.) Butler, 
Rom. and Fran. Marts. 

St. Francis Xavier of 
Pampeluna 

S.J. 1552 (Dec. 3). Pilgrim's 
staff and beads. {Pitti Gal., 
C. Dolce.) Holding lily, ex- 
claiming " Satis est Domine, 
satis est." {Callot.) Dying on a 
mat in a shed, angels bringing 
a crown. {His Life, DrydenTj 
Carrjdng an Indian on his 
shoulders. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Dryden, Turselin, Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Francisca Ambrosia 
of Brittany 

V. N.D. Wearing ducal coronet 
and holding cnicifix {Print, 
Carmelite Friary, Bruges.) 

Franciscans (7) of 
Morocco 

MM. I22I (Oct. 13). St. Daniel, 
Franciscan Provincial of Cala- 
bria, with six companions, mis- 
sionaries to Morocco, was set 
upon in Centa by the mob, 
dragged before the King Maho- 
met, and mart3rred by his orders. 
Butler, Chalippe's Life of St. 
Francis, F. Wadding's Annals 
of the Franciscan Order. 

St. Frannan. See 
St. Forannan •' 

(Apr. 30). 

Bl. Frederic of Lifege 

B. 1121 (May 27). Elected by 
the chapter of LiSge to succeed 
Bishop Obert in opposition to 
Alexander, invested by the 
Emperor Henry V. He is said 
to have been poisoned by the 
Count of Louvain, and is vener- 
ated as a saint in the diocese of 
Liege. Greven, Rom.] Mart, of 
1624. 

St. Frederick of Utrecht 

B.M. 833 (July 18). Stabbed 
by two assassins. {Callot.) 
Pierced with two swords. {Ikon.) 
Mabillon, Utrecht, Belg., Gall, 
and Rom. Marts. 



Saints 

St. Frediano. See 
St. Frigidian 

(Mar. i8). 

St. Fremund of England 

K.M. c. 796 (May II). Said to 
have been the son of Offa, K. 
of Mercia, and to have been 
murdered by one Oswy. C7sm- 
ardus, Eng. Mart. 

St. Friardus 

H. 590 (Aug.i). Watering small 
tree. (Cahier.) 

St. Frideswide of 
Oxford 

V. c. 750 (Oct. 19). Crowned, 
holding book and sceptre. 
{Window, Oxford Cath.) Crosier 
and book, ox lying near her. 
{Magdalen Coll., Oxford.) But- 
ler, Wm. of Malmesbury, Leland, 
Mahillon, Sarum and Hereford 
Kalendars, Rom. and Ang. 
Marts. 

St. Fridian 

B.C. 578 (Mar. 18). Rowed 
over a flooded river. {Cahier.) 

St. Fridolin of 
Sickingen 

Ab. d. 538 (Mar. 6). Pilgrim 
with staff and book {Coins of 
Glarus.) Dead man rising from 
a grave. {Burgmaier.) Butler, 
Molanus, Greven, Canisius, 
Ang. and later Scot, and Irish 
Marts. 

St. Frigidian, or 
Fridianus, of Lucca 

B. 578 (Mar. 18). As an Augus- 
tine monk with a mitre. {Ikon.) 
Butler, Rom. and Celt. Marts. 

St. Frithom. See 
St. Adeodatus 

(July 15). 
St. Frobert 

Ab. Late 7th cent. pec. 31). 
Infant in his mother's lap. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Frodobert of Troyes 

Ab. 7th cent. (Jan. 8). Founder 
of the monastery of La Celle, 
near Troyes, and of the church 
of St. Peter. Ger. and Gall. 
Marts., a Life by his disciple 
Lupellus. 

St. Froilan of Spain 

1006 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Leon. 

St. Fronto of Egypt 

Ab. 2nd cent. (Apr. 14). A 
recluse living in the deserts of 
Nitria with his brethren. He 
has been confused with St. 
Fronto of Perigueux, perhaps 
owing to the antedating of that 
saint's life.. Usuardus, Ado, 
Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Fronto of Perigueux 

B. 4th cent. (?) (Oct. 25). The 
Life of St. Fronto is so full 
of anachronisms and impossi- 



and their Emblems 



bilities that very little reliance 
can be placed upon its details. 
Thus, he is said to have been a 
contemporary of St. Peter and 
to have been dispatched by 
that apostle on a mission to 
Aquitaine. It seems probable 
that he actually was Bishop of 
Perigueux shortly before the 
Arian, Patermus, who was de- 
posed in 362. Ado, Usuardus, 
Hrabanus, Gall, and Rom. Marts. 

St. Fronto of Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Companion of St. 
Optatus, q.v. 

St. Fronto 

M. Companion of St. Theo- 
dotus (May 18), q.v. 

St. Fructuosus of 
Portugal 

Abp. C. 665 (Apr. 16). Doe 
following him. {Husenheth.) 
Butler, Rom. and Sfn. Marts. 

St. Fructuosus of Spain 

B.M. (Jan. 21). Singing on his 
fimeral pile. {Cahier.) 

St. Frumentius of 
Ethiopia 

B.C. Ap. c. 360 (Oct. 27), 
Elevating the Host. {Weyen.) 
Butler, St. Athanasius, Sozomen, 
Tillemont, Rom. and Abyssinian 
Marts. 

St. Fulbert of Orleans 

1028 (Apr. 10). Bishop of 
Chartres. 

St. Fulcran of Lodeve 

B. 1006 (Feb. 13). A pupil and 
successor to Theorodic, Bishop 
of Lodeve, by whom he was 
ordained. Bollandus, Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Fulgentius of Africa 

B.C. 533 (Jan. i). Church in 
his hand, trampling on heretics. 
{Old engraving.) Butler, Latin 
Mart. 

St. Fulk of Toulouse 

B. 1231 pec. 25). Bom of 
wealthy parents at Marseilles, 
he spent his youth in the 
southern Courts. On the death 
of his patrons he retired from 
the world, and entered the 
Cistercian Order, being elected 
Abbot in 1200. Gall. Mart. 

St. Fulguinus of 
Flanders 

B. c. 855 (Dec. 14). A blood 
relation, on his father's side, to 
Charlemagne, he was elected 
Bishop of Tarvenna, now 
Therouanne, in French Flanders. 
Mabillon, Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Fursey of Peronne 

Ab. C. d. 650 (Jan. 16). Angel 
defending him against the devil. 
{Passionael.) Oxen at his feet. 
{Baring-Gould.) Causing foun- 
tain to spring up by a blow from 

51 



his staff. {Ibid.) Beholding a 
vision of angels. {Ibid.) Be- 
holding a vision of Hell or 
Purgatory, {Ibid.) Butler, 
Bede, Rom. Mart., Eng. 
Kalendar. 

SS. Fusca, v., and 
Maura of Kavenna 

MM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 13). Trans- 
fixed with swords. {Callot.) 
Holding a spear. {Baring- 
Gould.) Baronius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Fuscianus 

M. Companion of St. Victorius 
Pec. 11), q.v. 

St. Fusculus 

B. (Sept. 6). Companion of St. 
Donatianus, q.v. 

SS. Fyncara and 
Findocha, of Scotland 

VV. c. 730 (Oct. 13). Two of the 
Nine Maidens who lived with 
their father, St. Donald, in the 
Glen of OgUvy. Aberdeen Brevi- 
ary, David Camerarius. (St. 
Fyncara, on Aug. 21 ; St. Fin- 
docha on May 31). 

St. Gabinius of Rome 

P.M. 296 (Feb. 19). In prison 
with doors open. (Callot.) Two 
oxen crouching near him. 
{Cahier.) Fountain rising imder 
his staff. {Ibid.) Beholding a 
vision of the world in flames. 
{Ibid.) Usuardus, Bede, Notker, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Gaetan. See 
St. Cajetan 

(Aug. 7). 

St. Gaiane 

V.M. Companion of St. Rhip- 
sime (Sept. 29), q.v. 

SS. Galaction and 
Episteme, of Phoenicia 

MM. 285 (Nov. 5). St. Galac- 
tion with tongue plucked out. 
{Icon. Sanct.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Galactorius of 
Beam 

M. 507 (July 27). Bishop of 
Lescar. 

St. Galatas 

Companion of St. Expeditus 
(Apr. 19), q.v. 

St. Galdin. See 
St. Gaudinus 

(Apr. 18). 

St. Galdus. See 
St. Gaud 

(Jan. 31). 

St. Galla of Rome 

W. c. 346 (Oct. 5). Woman 
with long beard. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Butler, St. Gregory, 
Baronius, Sirmond, Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Gallicanus of Egypt 

M. c. 362 (June 25). Washing 
poor men's feet, ipici engraving.) 
Hanging his armour on a cross. 
\pires des Deserts.) 

St. Gallus of Auvergne 

B.C. c. 553 (July i). Angel 
bringing him an alb or white 
chasuble. (Cahier.) DeUvering 
the city of Clermont from plague 
by his prayers. [Gueffier.) 
Butler, Menardus, Bucelinus, 
Saussaye, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Gallus of Switzer- 
land 

Ab.C. 646 (Oct. 16). In cave, 
wild beasts running away. 
{Icon. Sand.) Bear carrying 
wood for him. (Das Passionael. ) 
Hand on bear's head. [Weyen.) 
Hermit with loaf and staff. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Giving gold 
vessels to the poor. {Gueffier.) 
Seated, holding a cambutta, 
bear with log or staff at his side. 
{Cath. St. Gall.) Asleep in cell, 
bear eating his food. {Peres 
des Deserts.) Giving bread to a 
bear standing on its hind legs. 
{Ivory carving.) Butler, Ado, 
Notker, Usuardus, Mabillon, 
Rom., Ger. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Galmier of Lyons 

Dn.C. d. c. 650 (Feb. 27). 
Pincers or locksmith's tools. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Anvil near 
him. {Cahier.) Butler. 

St. Gamaliel 

C. istcent. (Aug. 3). Appearing 
to Lucian in a dream. (Callot.) 
Butler. 

St. Gamelbert of 
Bavaria 

P.C. 787 (Jan. 27). Baptizing a 
child. (Cahier.) In an oratory 
surroimded by sheep. {Ibid.) 

St. Gaston. See 
St. Yedast 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Gatian of Tours 

B.C. c. 301 (Dec. 18). Sowing 
seed. {Weyen.) In a cell saying 
Mass. (Gueffier.) Leading a flock 
of sheep. (Window, Evreux.) 
Butler, St. Gregory of Tours, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Garibald of Bavaria 

c. 1252 (Jan. 8). Bishop of 
Ratisbon. 

St. Gaspar, one of the 
Magi 

ist cent. (Jan. i). Offering a 
gold cup to the Holy Infant. 
(L. V. Leyden, Antwerp Mus.) 

St. Gaucher. See 
St. Goucher 

(Apr. 9). 

St. Gaud of Evreux 

B. d. 491 (Jan. 31). For forty 
years Bishop of Evreux, he 



retired to and died at Scicy, 
near Coutances. 

St. Gaudentius of 
Lombardy 

B.C. c. 410 (Oct. 25). Chosen 
and ordained Bishop of Brescia 
against his will, as successor to 
St. Philastrius, by St. Ambrose 
of Milan. Butler, Ceillier, Cave, 
Labbe, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Gaudentius of 
Novara 

B. d. 418 (Jan. 22). Holding 
the model of a church. (Cahier. ) 

St. Gaudentius of 
Rimini 

B.M. 359 (Oct. 14). Administer- 
ing the Holy Communion. 
(Husenbeth.) 

St. Gaudentius of 
Tuscany 

M. c. 370 (June 19). Bishop of 
Arezzo. 

St. Gaudentius 

M. 8th cent. Shepherd with 
crook, a sheep at his feet. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Gaudinus of Milan 

Card. Abp. 1176 (Apr. 18). 
Successor to Archbishop Hubert 
of Milan in 1176, he held the 
archbishopric through the Em- 
peror Barbarossa's ten years' 
campaign against it, and died 
in the pulpit at Mass. Butler, 
Henschenius, Breviary of Milan, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Gaudiosus of 
Campania 

7th cent. (Oct. 26). Bishop of 
Salerno. 

St. Gaudiosus of Lom- 
bardy 

c. 445 (Mar. 7). A Bishop of 
Brescia. 

St. Gaugeric of Flanders 

B.C. c. 619 (Aug. 11). Ordained 
deacon by St. Magneric of 
Triers, and later elected Bishop 
of the united see of Cambrai 
and Arras. Butler, Chatillon, 
Bosch, etc. 

St. Gautier. See 
St. Walter 

(Apr. 8). 

St. Gebhard 

B.C. 995 (n.d.) Curing and 
giving a staff to a lame man. 
(Cahier.) B.V.M. and Holy 
Infant appearing to him. (Burg- 
maier.) Church in his hand. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Gelasinus of 
Phoenicia 

M. 297 (Aug. 26 or Feb. 27). 
A comedian of Heliopolis who, 
having been baptized in jest in 
a warm bath on the stage, pro- 

52 



fessed himself a Christian and 
was stoned to death by the mob. 
Butler, Theodoret, Gk. Men. 

St. Gelasius of 
Piacenza 

C. Early 5th cent. (Feb. 4). 
A yoimger brother of St. 
Olympius, who died as a chUd. 
Breviary of Piacenza. 

St. Gelasius of Rome 

Po.C. 496 (Nov. 21). An African 
by descent, he succeeded Pope 
Felix II. in 492. Butter, Florus, 
Usuardus, Ado, Anastasius the 
Librarian, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Gemellus, or Genel- 
lus, of Ancyra 

M. c. 362 (Dec. 10). Crucified. 
(Cahier.) Nails driven into his 
head. (Ibid.) 

St. GeminianofModena 

B.C. c. 450 (Jan. 31). Receiving 
model of the city of Modena 
from an angel, to present to 
Christ. (Dresden Gal., Correggio.) 
Model of city in his hand. (Coins 
of Leo X. and Clement VII.) 
Model of city in right hand, stafi 
with baU at top in left. (Coins 
of D'Este.) Holding mirror 
before his breast in which is 
reflected the B. V. Mary. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) DevU cast out, stand- 
ing near him. (Chris. Kunst.) 
Cross appearing in the air. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Geminianus 

M. Companion of St. Lucia 
(Sept. 16), q.v. 

St. Gemma of Saintes 

V.M. N.D. (June 20 and Aug. 
16). Reputed to be the daughter 
of a heathen noble named Catul- 
lus, beaten to death by her 
father. Gall. Mart., Saintes 
Breviary. 

St. Gemreta 

B. In episcopal vestments. 
(XIV. cent, window. New Coll., 
Oxon.) 

St. Gendulph. See 
St. Gundulf 

(June 17). 

St. Genebald of Laon 

B. c. 555 (Sept. 5). Husband 
of the niece of St. Remigius, by 
whom he was persuaded to leave 
her for the life of a recluse. 
Saussaye, Greven, Hincmar of 
Rheims, Parisian and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Genebern or 
Genebrard 

M. Manservant and companion 
of St. Dymphna (May 15), q.v. 

St. Generosa 

One of the Scillitan Mart5n:s. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17). i-1'- 




CO 
g- o 



CO ra 



a 

< 
.J 
an 




o 





t; 


^ 




ra 


F 


^ 


^C 


o 




a 


o 




W 


c/1 


w 


14-, 


T3 


r') 


c 


-o 


K 


_^ 


O 


O 


a 


U 


W 


c: 




c 


cn 


{/T 




r-i 


[/I 


s 


S 


5 

•a 
c 

(U 

O 




o 

a 

CO 



St. Genes, or Grenesius, 
of Auvergne 

C. c. 657 (June 3). Was Bishop 
of Clermont. 

St. Genesius of Aries 

M. c. 320 (Aug. 25). A secretary 
throwing down his tablets. 
(Cahier.) Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
Acts of St. PauHnus of Nola. 

St. Genesius of Rome 

M. 303 (Aug. 26). A player 
baptized on the stage, angels 
near him. {Callot.) Playing a 
violin on the stage. {Ibid.) 
Player holding a sword. (Ikon.) 
With clown's cap and beUs. 
{Combe-in-Teignhead Church, 
Devon.) Butler. Ruinart, Tille- 
mont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Genesius 

M. Companion of St Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Genevieve, Duchess 
of Brabant 

C. N.D. In a cave, a hind near 
her. {Ikon.) 

St. Genevieve of 
Nanterre 

V. 512 (Jan. 3). Shepherdess 
spinning. {Guerin.) Holding a 
candle, devil on her shoulders 
with a pair of bellows. {Gothic 
sculpture, Paris.) As above, but 
with keys hung on her arm. 
{Tabl. de la Croix.) Holding a 
candle lighted by an angel, devil 
trying to extinguish it. {Callot.) 
Keys, lighted candle and palm. 
{Bilder Legende.) Angel lighting 
a candle in her hand. {MS. 
Hours, 1508.) Devil at her feet 
with bellows. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Restoring sight to her mother. 
{Ch. of St. Gervais, Paris.) A 
medal hung from her neck. 
{^omb of Childeric, Cochet.) 
Bread in her lap. {Baring- 
Gould.) The weU of Nanterre 
at her side. {Ibid.) Butler, 
Bollandus, Tillemont, all Latin 
Marts. 

St. Gengulf, or Gengaul, 
of Varennes 

M. c. 760 (May 11) A Bur- 
gundian nobleman in the Court 
of Pepin the Short, who was 
murdered by his wife's lover. 
Rom., Liige and Prague Marts. 
(on above date), Cologne Mart. 
(on May 13), Brussels, Tournai 
and Bruges Breviaries (on 
Oct. 12). 

St. Gentianus 

M. Companion of St. Victoricus, 
pec. 11), q.v. 

St. Genuine of Italy 

c. 640 (Feb. 5). Bishop of Savio. 

St. Genulph, or Gengulf, 
of Cahors (?) 

760 (Jan. 17 and June 17). A 
fountain. {Callot.) Shield with 



Saints and their Emblems 



cross. {Ibid.) Lance or javelin. 
{Attrib. der\Heil.) A spit. {IbidI) 
Sword in his hand, Well before 
him. {BurgmMier.) Bollandus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Geoffroi. See 
St. Godfrid 

(Nov. 8). 

St. George of Auvergne 

(Nov. 10). Bishop of Le Puy. 

St. George of Cap- 
padocia 

M. c. 303 (Apr. 23). In armour 
on horseback, with sword and 
spear, dragon at feet. {XV. cent, 
window, Doddiscombsleigh.) In 
armour, with sword and shield, 
dragon at feet. {XV. cent, win- 
dow, Wintringham.) Holding 
a poison cup {San Giorgio, 
Rome.) White banner with red 
cross. {Mabuse.) Standing in 
armour, spear piercing a dragon, 
cross and white banner on top. 
{Roodscreen, Hempstead.) Stand- 
ing in armour, piercing dragon 
with spear handle. {St. John, 
Norwich.) Standing in armour, 
cross on armour and shield, 
striking dragon with sword. 
{Parclose, Ranworth.) As above, 
but with spear cross topped. 
{Roodscreen, Filby.) Standing, 
dragon at side. {Arbor Past. 
Idol of Apollo falling before 
him. {Gueffier.) Mounted with 
sword, broken spear and 
dragon at foot, princess in back- 
ground. {Raphael, Louvre.) All 
Marts. 

St. George of Languedoc 

c. 880 (Nov. 9). Bishop of 
Lodeve. 

St. George of Lesbos 

c. 816 (Apr. 7). A Bishop of 
Mitylene. 

St. George of Lvcaonia 

6th cent (Apr. 4). A hermit on 
Mt. Malceus. 

St. George of Paph- 
lagonia 

B.C Early gth cent. (Feb. 21). 
Bom at Amastris, he embraced 
the life of a recluse, and when 
elected Bishop of Amastris re- 
fused the office and was taken 
by force to Constantinople, 
where he was consecrated by 
St. Tarasius. Late Greek Men- 
ologies. 

St. George of Pisidia 

gth cent. (Apr. 19). Bishop of 
Antioch. 

St. George of Toulouse 

c. 650 (Nov. 2). A Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Georgia of Clermont 

V. c. 490 (Feb. 15). Flight of 
doves accompan3dng her corpse. 
{Cahier.) St. Gregory of Tours, 
GaU. Mart. 

53 



St. Gerald of Auvergne 

C. c. 909 (Oct. 13). Coimt of 
Aurillac. 

St. Gerald of Oezinac, 
Count of Aurillac 

929 (Oct. 13). Church in his 
hand. {Cahier.) Butler, Surius. 

St. Gerald of Beziers 

B. 1123 (Nov. 5). Entering the 
monastery of Sta. Maria de 
Cassiano, he was elected Prior 
and later succeeded Arnold as 
Bishop of Beziers. Montpellier 
Breviary, Gall. Mart. 

St. Gerald of Creon 

Ab. 1095 (Apr. 5). A monk 
from the abbey of Corbie, near 
Amiens, who founded and be- 
came Abbot of Sauve Majeure, 
near Creon. Butler, Papebroke. 

St. Gerald of Mayo 

Ab. B. 732 (Mar. 13). Of Eng- 
lish birth, he became a moiik 
in the Irish monastery of Mayo, 
later being elected Abbot and 
Bishop. He founded the see of 
Mayo and the abbey of Tempul- 
Gerald in Connaught. Butler, 
Colgan. 

St. Gerald of Portugal 

1109 (Dec. 5). Archbishop of 
Braga. 

St. Gerana. See 
St. Gerald 

(Nov. 5). 

St. Gerard of Brogne 

Ab. 959 (Oct. 3). St. Peter 
consecrating his church by night. 
{Icon. Sanct.) St. Peter or St. 
Eugenius appearing to him. 
(Cahier.) Church in his hand. 
(Ibid.) Butler, Mabillion, Rom. 
and Belg. Marts. 

Bl. Gerard of Clairvaux 

Mk. 1 138 (June 13). Second 
brother of St. Bernard and 
cellarer of Clairvaux. Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Gerard of Hungary 

B.M. 1046 (Sept. 24). With a 
lance. (Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Surius, Mabillon. 

St. Gerard of Italy 

1119 (Oct. 30). Bishop of 
Potenza. 

St. Gerard of Monza 

C. 1207 (N.D.) Forked stick 
bearing a bvmch of cherries in 
his hand, wooden bowl and 
spoon at his feet. (Acta Sanct.) 
Saying Mass. (CaUot.) Giving 
food to the poor. {Cahier^ 
Directing builders. (Ibid.) 
Branch with ripe cherries. 
(lUd.) 

St. Gerard of Toul 

B.C. d. 994 (Apr. 23). Thurible 
in hand. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Henschenius. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Geresimus of 
Palestine 

Ab. 475 (Mar. 5). Lion with 
basket in mouth near him. 
(Ikon.) Lives of St. Euthymius 
and St. Quiriacus. Rom. Mart. 

St. Gerebald of 
Normandy 

c. 620 (Dec. 7). Bishop of 
Bayeux. 

St. Geremar of Beauvais 

Ab. c. 658 (Sept. 24). Of a noble 
family in Beauvais, he lived 
as a recluse for some years on 
the banks of the Seine, near 
Rouen, but later founded and 
became Abbot of the monastery 
of Flay. Butler, MaUllon, 
Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Gereon and Com- 
panions, of Cologne 

MM. c. 286 (Oct. 10). Thrown 
into well. {Icon. Sanct.) War- 
rior in armour with sword. 
[Ikon.) Warrior in armour with 
spear, shield and pabn. {Old 
convent seal.) Holding an arrow, 
and clad in red surcoat, charged 
with " a cross humetie between 
four cross crosslets or," shield of 
the same. {Northwick Gal., hy 
Wm. of Cologne.) Shield with 
a cross charged with " nine 
roundels between four eagles 
displayed." {Husenbeth.) Ado, 
Usuardus, Sarum, York and 
Hereford Breviaries, Ger. and 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Gerhardt of 
Switzerland 

1195 (Aug. 27). Bishop of 
Constance. 

St. Gerlach 

H. d. c. 1170 (Jan. 5). In 
hollow tree. {Ikon.) Thorn in 
his foot. {Die Heiligenbild.) 
Ass near him. {Attrib. der Heil. ) 
Cologne, Ger. and Gallo-Belgic 
Marts. 

St. Gerlandus of Sicily 

iioi (Feb. 25). Bishop of 
Girgenti. 

St. Germain of Con- 
stantinople 

Patr. c. 732 (May 12). Son of 
the senator Justinian, Bishop 
of Cyzicus and successor to 
John, Patriarch of Constan- 
tinople. Gk. Men., Gall, and 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Germain of the Isle 
of Man 

B. c. 450 (Julys). First Bishop 
of Man and founder of the 
Church of Kirk-Jarman, near 
Peel, where he lies buried. 
Joscelin's Life of St. Patrick. 

Bl. Germaine Cousin of 
Pibrac 

V. 1601 (June 15). Minding 
sheep. {Cahier.) Flowers in her 



apron. {Many pictures.) Plant- 
ing her distaff to keep her sheep 
while she went to Mass. {Cahier.) 
With distaff and spindle, sheep 
at her side. {Baring-Gould.) 
Mod. Gall. Marts. 

St. German. See 
St. Germanus 

(Feb. 21). 

St. Germana. See 
St. Grimonia 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Germanicus of 
Smyrna 

M. c. 168 (Jan. 19). Lion fawn- 
ing upon lum in amphitheatre. 
(Callot.) Going before wild 
beasts to the amphitheatre. 
{Cahier.) In armour, with spear 
and shield tramphng on an evil 
spirit. {Sculp., Xanten Cath.) 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Bede, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Germanus of 
Auxerre 

B. 448 (July 31). As a hunter. 
{Ikon.) Raising an ass to hfe. 
{Der Heyl. Leb.) Trampling 
on tyrant Maximus, wild beasts 
killed about him. {Old carved 
stalls.) Dragon with seven heads 
led bound by him. {MS. Hours.) 
Bede, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Germanus of Capua 

B.C. c. 540 (Oct. 30). Sent by 
the Pope Hormisdas on a 
mission to the Eastern Empire, 
he suffered persecution from 
the heretics. Butler, Baronius, 
St. Gregory the Great. 

St. Germanus of the 
Doubs 

407 (Oct. 11). Bishop of Besan- 
gon. 

St. Germanus of Paris 

B.C. 576 (May 28). St. Peter, 
with keys, appearing at his bed- 
side. {Callot.) Extinguishing 
fire by his prayers. {Ikon.) Key 
in hand, Hght falHng from 
heaven. {Solitaire.) Chains in 
his hand. {Cahier.) Lying on a 
bed. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Bouillart, Lobineau, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Germanus of 
Picardy 

B.M. (May 2). Bishop of 
Amiens. 

SS. Germanus, Ab., and 
Randoald, Po., of 
Munsterthal 

MM. c. 666 (Feb. 21). Germanus 
carrying a lance. {Burgmaier.) 
Butler, Bollandus, Basle 
Kalendar. 

St. Germanus 

M. c. 308. Companion of St. 
Antoninus (Nov. 13), q.v. 

54 



St. Germanus 

B. Companion of St. Dona- 
tianus (Sept. 6), q.v. 

St. Germanus 

M. Companion of St. Peregrinus 
(July 7). i-^- 

St. Germar. See 
St. Geremar 

(Sept. 24). 

St. Germerius of 
Languedoc 

c. 560 (May 16). A Bishop of 
Toulouse. 

St. Germoc, or Germoe 

K. Companion of St. Breacha 
(June 4), q.v. 

St. Gernad of Elgin 

C. c. 934 (Nov. 8). Of Irish 
nationaJity, he settled as a 
recluse in Elgin. Adam King 
alone describes him as Bishop 
of Moray. Adam King, Demp- 
ster, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Geroisme. See 
St. Jerome 

(Sept. 30). 

St. Gerold of the Tyrol 

H. c. 970 (Apr. 19). Wearing 
a crown. {Cahier.) 

St. Geronimo. See 
St. Jerome 

(Sept. 30). 

St. Gerontius of Lom- 
bardy 

5th cent. (May 5). Bishop of 
MUan. 

St. Gertrude of Hamage 

W. Abs. c. 655 Pec. 6). 
Daughter of Theobald, Lord of 
Douai, mother of Sigebert, hus- 
band of St. Bertha, and foimd- 
ress of the convent of Hamage. 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Gertrude of Nivelles 

V. Abs. c. 664 (Mar. 17). Hold- 
ing a loaf. {Roodscreen, Wol- 
borough.) Two mice climbing 
her crosier. {XVI. cent, window.) 
Kneeling by sea, holding a lily. 
(Callot.) Mice or rats about her. 
{Chorographia Sancta Braban- 
tice.) Two mice at feet, devil at 
her side. {DeLevensderHeylige.) 
Fiery tongues over her head. 
{Biider Legende.) Crown brought 
her by an angd. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Spinning, mice running 
up and down her distafi. 
{Primer 1516). Butler, Bede, 
Usuardus, Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Gertrude of 
Rodalsdorf 

V. Abs. 1292 (Nov. 15). Seven 
rings on right hand, heart with 
figure of Christ in left. {Revue 
de I' Art ChrHien.) Butler, Rom, 
and Bene. Marts. 



St Gerulf of Dronghen 

M. c. 748 (Sept. 21). Son of 
Luitgild, Lord of Merendre, he 
was stabbed by his uncle. Belg. 
Maris. 

SS. Gervasius, or 
Gervase, and Protasius, 
Protomartyrs of Milan 

ist cent. (June 19). The first, 
kneeling, executioners scourg- 
ing him. {XII. cent, window, 
LeMans.) The second, kneeling, 
an executioner decapitating him 
with sword. [lUd.) One with 
scourge loaded with lead, the 
other with a sword. {CalloL) 
Standing each side of tree 
growing in a tub, each in a 
dalmatic, holding book and 
palm. (Solitaire.) Butler, Tille- 
mont, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Getulius and Com- 
panions 

MM. Decap. at Rome c. 124 
(June 10). A Christian living 
at Gabu during Hadrian's 
persecution. The vice-consul, 
Cerealis, was sent to arrest him, 
but was himself converted. 
With two companions, they were 
sentenced to be burnt, but 
Getulius' pile, being wet, would 
not light, and his executioners 
beat him to death with vine- 
poles. Butler, Tillemont, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Ghislain of Hainault 

C. c. 681 (Oct. 9). Founder of 
the monastery of Ursidongus, 
now St. Ghislain, he also per- 
suaded St. Waldetrude to found 
the nunnery of SS. Peter and 
Paul at Mons. Butler, Fleury, 
Rom. Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Gibrian of Rheims 

P.C. 6th cent. (?) (May 8). He 
is said to have been a brother 
of St. Tressian (Feb. 7), and to 
have settled as a recluse near 
the River Cole, a tributary of 
the Mame. Flodoard, Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Gilbert of Caithness 

B. d. 1240 (Apr. i). Archdeacon 
of his native district of Moray, 
he was appointed Bishop of 
Caithness on the murder of 
Bishop Ardan. Aberdeen 
Breviary, Hector Boece and David 
Camerarius. 

St. Gilbert of Lemp- 
ringham 

Ab. 1189 (Feb. 4). Church in 
his hand. (Cahier.) Rom.,Ang., 
Belg., Bene, and Cist. Marts. 

St. Gilbert the Pilgrim 

N.D. Dying on his knees, sheep 
Ijang around him. [Cahier.) 

St. Gildard of 
Normandy 

C. c. 526 (June 8). Was Bishop 
of Rouen for fifteen years, and 



Saints and their Emblems 



assisted at the Council of 
Orleans in 511. Butler, Pom- 
meraye, etc. With St. Medard in 
the Rom. Mart, and Paris and 
Sarum Breviaries. 

St. Gildas ("the Scot") 
of Glastonbury 

C. d. 512 (Jan. 29). Son of 
Caunus, King of a province 
in North Britain, he lived in 
retirement in the Hebrides, 
whence he was driven by 
Orcadian pirates, escaping by 
way of the Isles of Ronech and 
Ecni to Glastonbury. Butler, 
Alford, Lobineau, Wm. of 
Malmesbury. 

St. Gildas. See 
St. Aneurin 

(Oct. 26). 

St. Gildas the Wise of 
Brittany 

Ab. c. 570 (Jan. 29). A bell 
near him. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Fleury, Bollandus, Mahillon, etc. 

St. Gildwin of Brittany 

1077 (Jan. 27). A canon of Dol. 

St. Giles of St. Omer's, 
Ghent 

O.P. N.D. Regarding tomb- 
stone on his brother's grave. 
(Lib. SSM. Belgii.) 

St. Giles of Provence 

Ab. c. 712 (Sept. i). Hind 
lying at his feet. (Roodscreen, 
Lessingham and elsewhere.) Hind 
with forefeet on his knee, the 
other knee pierced with an 
arrow. (Roodscreen formerly at 
Gt. Plumstead.) Wounded hind 
leaping up to him. (Font, Nor- 
wich Cath. : Window, Sand- 
ringham.) Shot with an arrow, 
hind Ijdng by him. (Cat. Sanct.) 
Seated, arrow m his breast ; 
hind with her forefeet on his 
knees. (MS. Hours.) Standing, 
a book in his right hand, his 
left Wounded by an arrow when 
protecting the hind. (Brit. Mus., 
A . Durer.) Imposing his hands 
over King Charles Martel. 
(Molanus.) Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., York and Sarum Brevi- 
aries. 

St. Gingue. See 
St. Gengulf 

(May 11). 

St. Girolamo. See 
St. Jerome 

(Sept. 30). 

St. Gisela. See 
St. Isberga 

(May 21). 

St. Gisella 

Q. 1095 (N.D.) Broom in hand. 
(Cahier.) 

55 



St. Gislbert of the 
Marne 

nth cent. (Feb. 13). Bishop 
of Meaux. 

St. Gislerius 

C. N.D. As a bishop, with a 
king, holding up model of a 
church between them. (MS. 
Hours.) 

Bl. Gizur of Iceland 

1118 (May 28). Son and 
successor to Isleif, first Bishop 
of Skalholt, the metropolitan 
seat of Iceland. Necrologium 
Islandicum, Kristin. Saga., St. 
John of Holar. 

St. Glastian of Scotland 

B.C. d. 830 (Jan. 28). A native 
of Fife, distinguished for his 
virtues and charities during the 
last war between the Picts and 
Scots. He died at Kinglace in 
Fifeshire. Butler, Adam King, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Gleb. See St. David 

(Sept. 5). 

St. Glodesind of Metz 

V. c. 608 (July 25). Daughter 
of Wintrio, Duke of Austrasia, 
her bridegroom was arrested 
on her wedding day and cast 
into prison, where he died, and 
she entered a convent at Metz. 
Usuardus,Bene. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Glyceria of Heraclea 

V.M. c. 177 (May 13). A maiden 
of Thrace, tortured by order 
of the governor, Sabinus, being 
hung up by her hair and beaten 
for refusing to Worship idols. 
She was martyred at Heraclea. 
Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Goar 

B.C. N.D. His mitre supported 
in air. (Icon. Sanct.) 

St. Goar of Triers 

P-C. c. 575 (July 6). Three 
hinds near him. (Ikon.) Hat 
or mantle on a sunbeam. (Ibid.) 
An earthen vessel or jug. 
(Atirib. der Heil.) Devil on his 
shoulder. (Gueffier.) Devil on 
his shoulder, earthen vessel in 
his hand. (Reginald Scot.) Caus- 
ing an infant to speak. (Gueffier.) 
Butler, TJsuardus, Ado, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Goban, or Gobain, of 
Picardy 

P.M. c. 650 (June 20). An 
Irishman ordained priest by 
St. Fursey. He founded the 
Church of St. Peter at Mont 
d'Hermitage, now St. Gobain, 
where he was murdered by 
German barbarians. Butler, 
Papebroke, Gall. Mart. 



St. Gobrian. 

St. Gibrian 

(May 8). 



See 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Gobrian of Vannes 

B. 725 (Nov. 3, 10 or 16). A 
Breton by birth, he entered the 
abbey of St. Gildas the Wise at 
Rhuys, later being consecrated 
by Genevius II., Archbishop 
of Dol, as successor to Morvan, 
Bishop of Vannes. Gall. Mart. 

St. Godard. See 
St. Gildard 

(June 8). 

St. Godard of Rouen 

Abp. In archiepiscopaJ vest- 
ments, holding a cross, ij^aiy 
Chapel windows, Rouen Cath.) 

St. Godebertha of 
Noyon 

V. 670 (Apr. 11). Holding a 
ring or receiving one from 
St. EHgius. (Cahier.) Gall, and 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Godefroi, See 
St. Godfrid 

(Nov. 8.) 

St. Godelieva of 
Ghistelles 

V.M. 1070 (July 6). Rope round 
her neck or m her hand. {Ikon.) 
Strangled with a cloth. [Acad., 
Bruges.) With two crowns. 
[Cahier.) Belg. Mart. 

St. Godfrey, or Godfrid, 
of Amiens 

B.C. 1118 (Nov. 8). Servmg 
the sick. [Callot.) A dead dog 
lying near him. (Gueffler.) Em- 
bracing a poor man. [Weyen.) 
Butler, Surius, Gall. Mart. 

Bl. Godfrey of Kappen- 
berg 

C. 1127 (Jan. 13). Dish of 
loaves in his hand. [Cahier.) 
Church in his hand. [Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Godrick of Durham 

H. ii79(May2i). A hermit and 
pilgrim who settled finally at 
Finkley in Eskdale, where his 
hermitage eventually became 
the site of a large priory. Butler, 
Molanus, Bollandus, Eng. and 
Monastic Marts. 

St. Goelen. See 
St. Gudule 

(Jan. 8). 

St. Goeric, or Goery, of 
Metz 

B. 642 (Sept. 19). His eyes 
lying before him on a book on 
the ground. [Cahier.) Angel 
holding his eyes before him on 
a cloth. [Burgmaier.) 

St. Goeznou of Brittany 

B. c. 675 (Oct. 25). Of Cornish 
descent, and possibly a son of 
St. Tudy and brother of St. 
Maughan, he built a monastery 
and church near Brest, and was 



■ killed by a mason's hammer 
faUing from a scaffold at Quim- 
perle. Breviaries of Leon, Dol 
and St. Brieuc. 

St. Gohard 

BM. 843 (n.d.) Beheaded at 
her altar. [Cahier.) 

St. Golf See 
St. Gengulf 

(May 11). 

St. Golinduc of Syria 

M. Early 7th cent. (July 13). 
Wife of a native of HierapoUs, 
tortured and martyred by the 
PersianMagiforher Christianity. 
Gk. and Russ. Mencms. Her 
Life by Stephen of HierapoUs. 

St. Golwen of Brittany 

B. 6th cent. (July i). A bishop 
of St. Pol-de-Leon, who resigned 
his see to hve as a hermit near 
St. Didier. Gall. Marts. Vener- 
ated at St. Pol de Leon. 

St. Gomer 

c. 774 (Oct. 11). Angel pointing 
outasohtudeforhim. [Gueffler.) 

St. Gondebert, or 
Gombert, of Sens 

B. 676 (Feb. 21). Our Lord 
telling him to dedicate his 
church to the B.V. Mary. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Gonerius 

H. c. 6th cent, (n.d.) Saying 
Mass before a falling altar. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Gonsalvo of 
Amaranto 

P.C. c. 13th cent. (Jan. 10). 
Beggar at his feet. [Flos. Sanct.) 
A bridge in his hand. [Baring- 
Gould.) His Life, by Didacus 
de Rosario. Venerated at Ama- 
ranti. 

St. Gontran or Guntram 

K.C. 593 (Mar. 28). In a cave 
full of money. [Cahier.) 

SS. Gordian and 
Epimachus 

MM. 362 (May 10). St. Gordian, 
a magistrate, was beheaded at 
Rome, and buried in the same 
tomb as St. Epimachus, whose 
body had been brought from 
Alexandria, Where he suffered 
martyrdom by being burnt in 
lime. All Western Martyrologies 
since 6th cent. 

St. Gordian 

M. Companion of St. Macrobius 
(Sept. 13), q.v. 

St. Gordiana 

V. Companion of St. Tarsilla 
(Dec. 24), q.v., and aunt of St. 
Gregory the Great. 

St. Gordius of Caesarea 

M. c. 310 (Jan. 3). A centurion 
who reigned during the Dio- 

66 



cletian persecution. On his re- 
entering Caesarea hewas tortured 
with leaden scourges and fire, 
and finally decapitated. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Gorgo of Tours 

M. N.D. (Mar. 11). His body, 
discovered near that of St. 
Cecilia, Was translated to Tours 
in 847. The Roman Mart, names 
on this date another Gorgo, 
martyred at Antioch, of whom 
no more is known. Bollandus, 
Gall. Mart. 

St. Gorgonia 

Matr. c. 371 (Dec. 9). Only 
daughter of St. Gregory Nazian- 
zen and his wife St. Nonna. 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on 
Feb. 23). 

St. Gorgonius 

M. Companion of St. Doro- 
theus (Sept. 9 and Mar. 12), q.v. 

St. Gorius 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Goslin of Lombardy 

1061 (Feb. 12). An abbot at 
Turin. 

St. Gothard of Hildes- 
heim 

B.C. 1038 (May 4). Standing 
before a bishop. [DerHeyl. Leb.) 
Dead rising from tombs in his 
church. [Cahier.) His cloak 
hung on a sunbeam. [Husen- 
beth.) Ger. Kalendar. 

St. Gotteschalk of 
Mecklenburg 

Prince. M. 1066 (June 7). 
A prince of the Sclaves Who, 
calling on Adalbert, Archbishop 
of Bremen, to aid him in con- 
verting his people, was stabbed 
at the foot of the altar atLenzen. 
Butler, Adam of Bremen, Hel- 
mold, Cologne Breviary. 

St. Goucher of Limousin 

Ab. 1130 (Apr. 9). Abbot 
of Aureil (?), he was the friend 
and colleague of St. Stephen 
of Grandmont. Butler, Hen- 
schenius. 

St. Goule. See 
St. Gudule 

(Jan. 8). 

St. Gower. See St. Goar 

(July 6). 

St. Gracian 

B.C. N.D. As Bishop, holding 
his crosier with crook turned 
inwards hke that of an abbot. 
[MS. Horce.) 

St. Grata of Bergamo 

V. c. 300 (Sept. 4). Companion 
of SS. Lupo and Adelaide, q.v. 
Carrying the head of St. Alex- 
ander of the Theban legion. 
[Salmeggia Brera, Milan.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Gratia 

M. Companion and sister of St. 
Bernard of Alzira (Aug. 21), q.v. 

SS. Grratian and Felinus, 
of Arona 

MM. (June i). Relics at Arona, 
but the Acts of SS. Gratian and 
Felinus.in the Arona Pcissionale, 
are said to be extracted from 
those of SS. Florentinus and 
Companions, of Perugia (also 
June i). These Acts themselves 
being of doubtfid origin, the 
very existence of SS. Gratian 
and Felinus is a matter of con- 
jecture. Baronius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Gratus of Beam 

c- 550 (Oct. 19). Bishop of 
Cleron. 



St. Gratus of Bun 

7th cent. (Oct. 8). A I 
Chalons-smr-Saone. 

St. Gregory of 
Champagne 

530 (Dec. 19). 



jundy 

lishop of 



c. 
Auxerre. 



Bishop of 



St. Gregory and Com- 
panions, of Constanti- 
nople 

MM. 726 (Aug. 9). St. Gregory, 
head of the Imperial bodyguard, 
with others implicated in the 
killing of an image-breaker, was 
beaten and dec^itated by the 
Emperor Leo. Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Gregory of Langres 

B.C. d. 541 (Jan 4). Angel 
opening church door for him at 
midnight. (Gueffier.) Chains in 
his hand. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Gregory of Nyssa 

B.C. c. 390 (Mar. 9). Episcopal 
vestments, holding book (Ante- 
chap., Mag. CoU.,Oxon.) Butler, 
Theodoret, his own Works, Letters 
of St. Gregory Nazianzen and all 
Marts. 

St. Gregory the Great 
of Rome 

Po. Dr. 604 (Mar. 12). Red 
cope, tiara and patriarchal staff. 
\XV. cent, window, Riom, Puy 
de Dome.) In papal vestments, 
holding patriarchal cross. (XV. 
cent, window, Wintringham.) 
Tall cross and book. (Rood- 
screen, Ludham.) Double-barred 
cross, writing at lectern, dove 
at liis ear. (Roodscreen, 
HougUon-le-Dale.) Triple cross 
and tiara. (Roodscreen, Lessing- 
ham.) Eagle. (Liber Cron.) 
Our Saviour appearing to him 
at Mass. (Chapel of St. Gregory, 
Rome.) Ibid. Our Saviour 
scourged, supported by two 
angels with scourge and rod. 
(Heures, par J. Callot, 1522.) 
Ibid., with instruments of His 

H 



Passion. (Lambrecht.) Dove at 
his ear, or on his forehead, or 
hovering over his shoulder. 
(Many instances.) Chained to a 
rock. (Attrib. der Heil.) All 
Western Martyrologies. 

St. Gregory II. of Rome 

Po.C. 731 (Feb. 13). Ordained 
sub-deacon by Pope Sergius I., 
he i acted as treasurer and 
Ubrarian underf our Popes before 
being himself elected to the 
Holy see. Rom. and other 
Western Martyrologies. 

St. Gregory III. of 
Rome 

Po. 741 (Nov. 28). Statues of 
emperors thrown down by an 
earthquake ; holy images set 
up by his orders. (Icon. Sanct.) 
Anastasius the Librarian, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Gregory X. of Rome 

Po.C. d. 1276 (Feb. 16). Bom 
at Placentia, he Was archdeacon 
of Liege when elected to the 
Papal Chair, which had been 
vacant for three years, since 
the death of Clement IV. But- 
ler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Gregory YII. of 
Salerno 

Po. C. D. 1085 (May 25). 
Dove on his shoulder. (Cahier.) 

St. Gregory of Spain 

(Apr. 24). Bishop of Elvira. 

St. Gregory of Spoleto 

P.M. c. 303 pec. 24). Called 
to heaven by an angel. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Butler, Surius, Baronius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Gregory of 
Switzerland 

Ab. ,996 (Nov. 8). Of English 
descent, and said to have been 
brother to King Athelstan. 
When Abbot of Einsiedeln he 
received St. Wolfgang on his 
retirement. Bene. Marts. 

St. Gregory of Tours 

B.C. 596 (Nov. 17). A fish 
in his hand, or near him. 
(Gueffier.) Shrine or reliquary 
in his hand. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Surius, Rom., Gall, and Bene. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Gregory of Utrecht 

B.C. 776 (Aug. 25). Giving 
alms. (Cahier.) Butler, Mabil- 
lon, Fleury, Stilting the Bol- 
landist, etc. 

St. Gregory the Illu- 
minator of Armenia 

B. Ap. c. 331 (Sept. 30). Suc- 
cessor to the Apostles Thaddeus, 
Bartholomew and Jude in 
Armenia. He suffered great 
tortures under K. Tiridates, 
whom afterwards he converted. 
Butler, Surius, Stilting, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

67 



Bl. Louis Barbadigo 
Gregory of Venice 

1697 (June 15). Sent by the 
Republic of Venice to the Con- 
gress of Munster, where he 
came into favom: with the Papal 
Nuncio, he was made Bishop of 
Bergamo, Cardinal and then 
Bishop of Padua. Butler, a Life 
by Austin Riccheni. 

St. Gregory Nazianzen, 
or Theologas, of Con- 
stantinople 

CD. Abp. 389 (May 9). Read- 
ing, Wisdom and Chastity 
appearing before him. (Callot.) 
Butler, Hermant, Tillemont, 
Ceillier, etc., and all Martyr- 
ologies. 

St. Gregory the Thau- 
maturgus of Caesarea 

B.C. c. 270 (Nov. 17). Driving 
devils out of heathen temple. 
(Callot.) Planting his staff on 
the bank of a river. (Cahier.) 
Usuardus. Ado, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Grimbald of 
Winchester 

Ab. c. 903 (July 8). A monk 
of St. Bertin, who, entertaining 
K. Alfred on his way to Rome, 
was invited to England in 885 
and ofiered, but declined, the 
see of Canterbury. He became 
abbot of the secular canons 
of Newminster at Winchester. 
Capgrave, Saussaye, Wyon, Men- 
ardus, etc., Rom. and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Grimoald 

Sdn. M. Companion of St. 
Reyiuldis (July 16), q.v. 

St. Grimonia of 
Chapelles 

V.M. (Sept. 7). An Irish maiden 
martyred in her retreat in 
Picardy. Venerated, with her 
feUow-martyr, St. Proba, at 
Henin Lietard, near Douay. 
Butter, Stilting. 

St. Grisante. See 
St. Chrysanthus 

(Oct. 25). 

St. Gualbourg. See 
St. Walburgis 

V. (Feb. 25). 

St. Gualfard of Yerona 

H. 1127 (Apr. 30). Stone cof&n 
by him. (Ikon^ 

St. Gudelia 

V.M. N.D. (Sept. 29). Her head 
flayed. (Icon. Sanct.) 

St. Gudula of Brussels 

V. 712 (Jan. 8). Holding a 
lantern. (Roodscreen, Walpole 
St. Peter.) Lantern, devil trying 
to extinguish it. (Munich Gal. , 
Jan Schoreel.) Angel lighting 



Saints and their Emblems 



her lantern and driving away 
the devil. (7. Zurich.) Angel 
lighting her lantern, devil trying 
to blow it out with bellows. 
{Choro. Sancta Brabantics.) A 
twisted taper, devil blowing at 
it with bellows. (Burgmaier.) 
Weaving at a loom. (Chris. 
Kunst.) Butler, Hubert of 
Brabant, Gallo-Belg. and Col. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Grudwall of Brittany 

B.C. 7th cent. (June 6). Abbot 
of Plecit in Wales, he journeyed 
via Cornwall and Devonshire 
(where he is said to have founded 
a monastery) to Brittany, where 
he succeeded St. Malo as Bishop 
of Aleth. His relics were trans- 
lated to Ghent. Butler, Wyi- 
ford, Henschenius, Lobineau, 
Bollandists, etc. 

St. Gruennoleus. See 
St. Winwaloe 

(Mar. 3). 

St. Guichard. See 
St. Gohard 

N.D. 

St. Guido of Anderlecht 

C. c. 1012 (Sept. 12). Angels 
driving his oxen whilst he prays. 
(Cahier.) An ox or horse lying 
down near him. [Statue, Ander- 
lecht Ch.) In pilgrim's habit, 
with horse, ox and harrow 
near him ; in his hand two 
paJms. [Baring-Gould.) Butler, 
Surius, Belg. and Mod. Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Guido of Spires 

Ab. C. 1046 (Mar. 31). Forty 
years Abbot of Pomposa. His 
relics were translated to Spires 
by the Emperor Henry III. 
Butler, Henschenius. 

St. Guignole. See 
St. Winwaloe 

(Mar. 3). 

St. Guigo. See 
St. Gengulf 

(May II). 

Bl. Guinandus 

O.P. N.D. Cask of wine at his 
feet. [Liber Sand. Belgii O.P., 
Woodchester.) 

St. Guinefort. See 
St. Cucuphas 
(July 25). 

St. Guinger. See 
St. Fingar 

(Mar. 23). 

St. Guinoch. See 
St. Winnock 

(Apr. 13). 

St. Guirald. See 
St. Gerald 

(Nov. 5). 



St. Gulwall. See 
St. Gudwall 

(June 6). 

St. Gummar of Lierre 

C. c. 774 (Oct. II). Obtaining 
water from rock. [Icon. Sand.) 
Replanting a felled tree. 
[Cahier.) Butler, Surius, Rom., 
Belg. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Gumtramnus of 
Burgundy 

K.C. c. 593 (Mar. 28). Finding 
a treasure and giving it to the 
poor. [C allot.) Three chests of 
treasure open before him, globe 
and cross on one of them. [Burg- 
maier.) Butler, St. Gregory of 
Tours, Baillet, Fredegarius. 

St. Gundebert, or 
Gumbert, of Rheims 

M. 8th cent. (Apr. 29). Brother 
to St. Nivard, Archbishop of 
Rheims (Sept. i), he founded 
the convent of St. Peter at 
Rheims and a monastery at 
Avesnes. Rheims Breviary. 

St. Gundleus of Wales 

K.H. c. 529 (Mar. 29). A prince 
of S. Wales, father of St. Cadoc 
(Jan. 24) and St. Keyne (Oct. 8). 
Butler, Usher, Capgrave, Hen- 
schenius. 

St. Gundulf of Berri 

c- 560 (Jime 17). A Bishop of 
Bourges. 

St. Gundulf of Limburg 

c. 680 (July 16). Bishop of 
Maestricht. 

St. Gundulf 

M. Companion of St. Reyneldis 
(July 16), q.v. 

St. Gunifortis of Pavia 

M. N.D. (Aug. 22). Of noble 
Scottish descent, when bound 
on a mission to Italy he was 
shot with arrows at Milan and 
left for dead, but recovered 
sufficiently to get to Pavia, 
where he died. Dempster's 
Scottish Menology, Rom. Mart. 

St. Gunther 

B.C. 938 (N.D.) Presenting a 
slipper to the Emperor Otho. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Gunther 

H. 1045 (N.D.). Communicated 
by a bishop on his deathbed. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Gunthiern of 
Brittany 

Ab. 6th cent. (July 3). Of noble 
Welsh blood, he crossed to 
Brittany and went into retire- 
ment on the Isle de Groie, after- 
Wards founding a monastery at 
Quimperle, where he died. 
Butter, Lobineau. 

58 



St. Guntilda 

c. nth cent. Scythe in hand ; 
cows and fountain near her. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Guntramnus. See 
St. Guntran 

(Mar. 28). 

St. Gurias and Com- 
panions, of Edessa 

MM. 299 (Nov. 15). Christians 
of Edessa, tortured and de- 
capitated by the governor, 
Antoninus, in the Diocletian 
persecution. Mod. Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Gurvall. See 
St. Gudwall 

(Jime 6). 

St. Guthagon of 
Oostkerke 

H. (July 3). Said to have been 
the son of a Scottish king who 
died a recluse at Oostkerke. 
His relics were enshrined by 
Gerard, Bishop of Toumai, in 
1059. Butler, Colgan, Molanus, 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Guthlac of Croyland 

P.H. 714 (Apr. II). Putting 
devils to flight. [Lives of 
the Saints, F. Porter.) Devils 
molesting, an angel consoling 
him. [Solitudo.) Scourge in 
his hand. [Cahier.) Wmp in 
his hand, serpent at his feet. 
[Sculpture, Croyland Abbey.) 
St. Bartholomew appearing to 
him. [Cahier.) Wyon, Menardus, 
Eng. and Rom. Marts., etc. 

St. Guy. See St. Guido 

(Mar. 31). 

St. Guy. See St. Vitus 

(June 15). 

St. Gwenael of 
Landevenec 

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 3). Son 
of Runelin, a noble of Quimper, 
he entered themonasteryof Lan- 
devenec, under St. Winwaloe, 
whom he eventually succeeded. 
Menardus, Vannes, St. Pol-de- 
Leon and Quimper Breviaries, 
Gall. Mart. 

St. Gwendoline 

Abs. Companion of St. Brothen 
(Oct. 18), q.v. 

St. Gwerir of Liskeard 

9th cent. (Apr. 4). A hermit 
at Ham-Stoke, near Liskeard. 
K. Alfred is said to have been 
healed of a painful disorder by 
praymg at his tomb, erected 
by St. Neot. Ferrarius, An 
English Mart, of 1608. 

St. Gwymer 

Companion of St. la (Oct. 27), 
q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Gwynlliw 

K.C. of Wales. 6th cent. (Mar. 
29). A church (St. Woolo's) is 
dedicated to him at Newport, 
Mon. 

SS. Gwynoc and 
Aneurin, of Wales 

CC. c. 6th cent. (Oct. 26). 
St. Aneurin, or Gildaswas, son 
of Caw, prince of Strathclyde, 
who was driven from Scotland 
by the Picts and settled in 
Anglesea. St Gwynoc was a son 
of St. Aneurin. Baring-Gould. 

St. Gwythian 

M. Companion of St. la (Oct. 
27), q.v. 

St. Gybrian, See 
St. Gibrian 

(May 8). 

St. Habbakuk. See 
St. Abachum 

(Jan. 19). 

St. Habentius 

Mk. M. Companion of St. Peter 
(June 7), q.v. 

St. Hadelin of Cellos, 
Belgium 

p. c. 690 (Feb. 3). A disciple 
of St. Remaclus (Sept. 3), who 
accompanied his master into 
the monastery of Stavelo on 
his resignation of the bishopric 
of Tongres. Ado, Wyon, Men- 
ardus, Liege and Cologne Maris. 

St. Hallward of Norway 

M. c. 1050 (May 14). A halbert. 
{Baring-Gould.) Scand. and 
Utrecht Maris. 

St. Hansewin. See 
St. Ansovinus 

(Max. 13). 

St. Harold of Denmark 

K.M. 986 (Nov. i). In his reign 
and by his assistance Adalbag, 
Archbishop of Bremen, founded 
three bishoprics in Jutland and 
built a great number of churches. 
Langebeck, Adam of Bremen. 

St. Hebedjesus. See 
St. Abdjesus 

(May 16). 

St. HeddaoftheWest 
Saxons 

B. 705 (July 7). A monk of 
Whitby, consecrated Bishop of 
the West Saxons by Theodore 
of Canterbury in 676. Builer, 
Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Solier, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Hedwig of Silesia 

W. Duchess. 1243 (Oct. 17). 
Church and statue of B.V. 
Mary in her hands. {Lib. 
Cronicarum) Washing the feet 
of the poor. {Calloi.) Cross in 
hand. {Lib. Pastoralis.) Bare- 



footed, shoes in herhand. {Ikon.) 
Carrying picture of B.V. Mary 
and Child. {Ibid.) Christ cruci- 
fied blessing her. {Aifrib. der 
Heil.) In a religious habit, 
crown and mantle of princess 
near her. {Ibid.) Crowned and 
veiled, her shoes in her hand. 
{Baring-Gould.) Builer, Surius, 
D'Andilly, Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Hegesippus of 
Jerusalem 

C. c. 180 (Apr. 7). A Jew by 
birth, he wrote a history of the 
Church in five volimies, from 
the death of Christ to his 
own day, which history is now 
lost. Usuardus, Ado, Noiker, 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Heimerad of 
Bavaria 

p. 10 19 (June 28). Bom a serf 
in Swabia, he became ordained 
priest, made a pilgrimage to 
Rome and Jerusalem, after- 
Wards quartering himself on 
the abbey of Herzfeld. Refus- 
ing to join the order or obey 
its regulations, he was beaten 
and ejected, meeting with the 
same treatment at the Court 
of the Empress Cunegunda and 
from Bishop Meinwerk of Pader- 
bom. He died at Hasungen, 
and is popularly canonised, but 
is not included in the Roman 
Martyrology. Ger. Mart., a Life 
by Egbert of Herzfeld. 

St. Helena of Constanti- 
nople 

Empress, c. 328 (Aug. 18). 
Crowned, holding an open book. 
{XV. cent. Flemish window, 
Shrewsbury.) Crowned, holding 
book and supporting a large 
cross. {XVI. cent, window, St. 
Mary's, Cologne.) Crowned, 
embracing a large cross. {Col- 
chester seal.) Double-barred or 
Jerusalem cross. {Formerly in 
St. James's, Norwich.) Holding 
a nail over a cup, hammer below. 
{Coestveldt Gal., Domenichino.) 
Cross, stafE and book. {Fresco, 
Eaton Ch.) Church of Jerusalem 
in her hand. {Aiirib. der Heil.) 
Butler, Usher, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Helena of Sweden 

W.M. c. 1150 (July 31). Con- 
verted by St. Sigfrid, apostle 
of West Gothland, she made a 
pilgrimage to Rome and was 
murdered by her relations on her 
return. Butler, Bollandisis, 
Swedish Mart. 

St. Helena 

Companion of St. la (Oct. 27), 
q.v. 

St. Helenus 

B.C. c. 350 (n.d.) Mounted on 
a crocodile, or killing one by 
the sign of the cross. {Cahier.) 

59 



St. Helerius, or Helier, 
of Jersey 

H.M. 6th cent. (July2i6). Con- 
verted by St. Marculf (May i), 
he became a recluse in the Isle 
of Jersey, where he was mur- 
dered by infidels. Butler, Bol- 
landisis, Rennes and Coniances 
Breviaries, Evreux Mart. 

St. Heli 

M. Companion of St. Macro- 
bius (Sept. 13), q.v. 

St. Heliconis of Corinth 

M. 244 (May 28). She is said 
to have suffered under the 
consuls Gordian and PhiUp, but 
her Acts being a forgery, her 
very existence is doubtful. 
Menology of the Emperor Basil, 
Gk. Men. 

St. Heliodorus of Altino 

B. 4th cent. (July 3). A friend 
and companion of St. Jerome 
in his journey through Thrace, 
Bithynia and Pontus. As Bishop 
of Altino, he attended thecouncil 
of Aquileja, speaking against 
Arianism. Rom. Mart. 

St. Helladius of Toledo 

B. 632 (Jan. 8). Canying 
faggots or straw to an oven. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Hemma. See 
St. Emma 

(June 29). 

St. Henrick. See 
St. Eric 

(Mar. 13). 

St. Henry of Bavaria 

Armour and mantle, sceptre, 
sword and mitre-shaped crown. 
{Stained glass, Grosvenor Thomas 
Collection.) Armour, mantle 
and orb. {XVI. cent, window, 
Vyne Oratory, Basingstoke.) 

St. Henry II. of 
Germany 

Emp. 1024 (July 15). Holding 
a lily with St. Cunegundes. 
{Piiti Gal., Mancini.) Holding 
a globe with dove upon it. 
{Burgmaier.) Holding a church 
and palm ; devils in the air. 
{Calloi.) Asleep, St. Wolf- 
gang appearing to him. {Der 
Hey I. Leb.) Church and sword. 
{Bart, de Bruijn.) Holding 
cathedral of Bamberg and a 
sword. {Altar-piece by Wohlge- 
muth.) Lajdng down sceptre 
and crown before an abbot. 
{Cloisters, Si. Vanne, Verdun.) 
Rom. and Ger. Marts., etc. 

St. Henry the Dane of 
Northumbria 

H. 1127 (Jan. 16). Pilgrims 
praying round his tomb. 
{Bavaria Pia.) In his hermitage, 
wearing a coat of mail. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Capgrave, Bollandus, 
Eng. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bl. Henry of Treviso 

1315 (Jime 10). A native of 
Bolsano, he worked as a day- 
labourer at Treviso, where he 
became renowned for his holy 
life and is popularly canonised 
as St. Rigo. Butler, Fleury, 
Bollandists, a Life by Dominic, 
Bishop of Treviso. 

St. Henry of XJpsala 

Abp. M. 1151 (Jan. 19). An 
Englishman by birth, he went 
to Norway with his kinsman, 
Nicholas Brakspear (the apostle 
of Norway, afterwards Pope 
Adrian I V. ) , and , going to preach 
in Finland, was stoned to death 
by barbarians. Butler, John 
and Olaus Magnus, Bollandus. 

Bl. Henry a Calistris 

O.P. N.D. B.V.Mary appearing, 
angel offering him a pyx. [Lib. 
SS. Belgii O.P., Woodchester.) 

Bl. Henry Zdek of 
Moravia 

1151 (June 25). Bishop of 
Olmutz. 

St. Heraclides 

M. (June 28). A catechumen, 
mart5n:ed with the sword, and 
a companion of St. Plutarch, 
q.v. 

St. Heraclius of 
Champagne 

c. 522 (June 8). Bishop of Sens. 

St. Herbland. See 
St. Hermeland 

(Nov. 25). 

St. Herculanus of 
Perugia 

B.M. 549 (Mar. i). Temple 
of ApoUo falling before him. 
{Icon. Sanct.) Benedictine 
wearing mitre. {Ikon.) A knife. 
{Cahier.) Usuardus, Ado, N other, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Herculanus of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Hercules 

M. A Roman soldier and |'com- 
panion of St. Alexander (Oct. 
22), q.v. 

St. Heribert of Cologne 

Abp. C. 1022 (Mar. 16). Ob- 
taining rain by his prayers. 
{Attrib. der Hetl.) St. Henry, 
Emp., kneehng before him. 
{Old engraving.) Church in his 
hand. {Cahier.) A Life by 
Lambert of Deutz. Ger. Marts. 

St. Herlembald 

M. Companion of St. Ariald 
(June 27), q.v. 

SS. Herlinda and 
Reinilda, of Maeseyck 

VV. Abs. 9th cent. (Mar. 22). 
Churches in their hands. 
{Cahier.) 



St. Hermagoras of 
Aquileja 

B.M. 1st cent. (July 12). Chosen 
pastof of Istria by St. Mark ; 
ordained first Bishop of all Italy 
by St. Peter, and beheaded in 
prison, at Aquileja, with his 
archdeacon, Fortunatus. Ado, 
Notker, Usuardus, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

Bl. Herman Joseph of 
Cologne 

B.C. 1226 (Apr. 7). Infant 
Jesus in his arms. {Cahier.) 
Christ appearing to him with 
an ox. {Ikon.) Presenting an 
apple to a picture of the B. V.M. 
{Sculp., St. Mary Cap., Cologne.) 
Presented by an angel to B. V.M. 
{Vienna Gal., Vandyke.) Pen, 
red cross and rosebud in his 
right hand ; two rings in his 
left, painting materials before 
him. {Quentin Matsys.) Ink- 
horn, pen-case and writing-book. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Bollandus. 

St. Hermas of Philippi 

M. 1st cent. (May 9). A com- 
panion of St. Herodion (Apr. 8), 
he is mentioned by St. Paul in 
his Epistle to the Romans 
(xvi. 14), and is said to have 
been Bishop of Philippi and 
brother to Pope Pius I. Butler, 
Usuardus, Menology of the 
Emperor Basil, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Hermeland of 
Aindre, Brittany 

Ab. c. 750 (Mar. 25 or Nov. 23). 
Driving away caterpillars from 
trees. {Cahier.) Vessel full of 
wine. {Ibid.) 

St. Hermengild of 
Seville 

K.M. 586 (Apr. 13). King 
bearing an axe. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Beheaded in prison. 
{Burgmaier.) Butler, Ado, 
Notker, Rom. and Spn. Maris. 

St. Hermes of Rome 

M. c. 132 (Aug. 28). On horse- 
back, casting a devil out of a 
woman led by a man with a 
rope. {MS. Hours.) Devil 
issuing from a child's mouth. 
{Ibid.) Butler, Ancient Western 
Marts. 

St. Hermes of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Hermes 

Dn.M. Companion of jSt. 
Philip (Oct. 22), q.v. 

St. Hermias of Cap- 
padocia 

M. c. 166 (May 31). A soldier 
tortured and beheaded at 
Com ana in the reign of Marcus 
Aurelius Antoninus. Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

60 



St. Hermione of 
Ephesus 

V.M. c. X-L7 (Sept. 4). A 
daughter of St. Philip (probably 
St. Philip the Deacon), rnar- 
t3n:ed at Ephesus under Trajan. 
Gk. Men. 

St. Hermogenes 

M. Companion of St. Expeditus 
(Apr. 19), q.v. 

St. Hermogenes 

M. Companion of St. Menas 
(Dec. 10), q.v. 

SS. Hermylus, D., and 
Stratonicus, of Belgrade 

MM. 313 (Jan. 13). A deacon 
and his converted gaoler 
scourged with knotted willow 
rods and drowned in the Danube 
by order of Licinius. Gk. Men. 

St. Hero of Antioch 

B.M. c. 128 (Oct. 17). A deacon, 
who succeeded his master, St. 
Ignatius, after his martyrdom. 
Usuardus, Ado, Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Herodian and Com- 
panions, of Thessaly 

BB. MM. ist cent. (Apr. 8). 
A kinsman of St. Paul and first 
Bishop of Thessaly, martyred 
by his face being crushed with 
stones and finally stabbed with 
a sword. His companions were 
Asjmcritus, Phlegon and Hermas 
(May 9). Rom. xvi. 14, Gk. Men. 
and Rom. Mart. 

St. Herundina 

V. Companion of St. Romula 
(July 23), q.v. 

St. Herve, or Hervaeus, 
of Brittany 

H. c. 373 (June 17). Blind. 
{A ttrib. der Heil. ) A wolf leading 
him. {Baring-Gould.) Frogs 
near him. {Ikon.) Gall. Marts. 

SS. Hesperus and Zoe, 
of Pamphylia 

MM. 2nd cent. (May 2). Two 
slaves, husband and wife, at 
Attalia, converted by their sons, 
Cyriac and Theodulus, with 
whom they were racked and 
burnt alive by their master, 
Catulus. Gk. Men. 

St. Hesychius of 
Majama 

Mk. c. 380 (Oct. 3). Disciple 
and heir to St. HUarion, with 
whom he was expeUed from 
Gaza. Life of St. Hilarion, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Hesychius of 
Toulouse 

3th cent. (Mar. 16). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Hesychius 

M. Companion of St. Peregrinus 
(July 7), q.v. 



Pr.ATE V. 




ST. HEYDROP. B.C. 



XVI. Century Stained Glass Medallion. 
In a private collection. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Hesychius 

B. (Mar. i). Companion of St. 
Torquatus (May 15), q.v. 

St. Hewald. See 
St. Ewald 

(Oct. 3). 

St. Heydrop 

B.C. N.D. Three cruets on a 
book. {Crypt, Ghent Cath.) As 
bishop, with cope, holding three 
cruets on a book. {XVI. cent, 
stained glass medallion.) 

St. Hidulphus. See 
St. Hildulfus 

(July II). 

St. Hiersetha of 
Chittlehampton, Devon 

N.D. (July 8). Holding a church 
tower. {Modern window, Exeter.) 
In abbess' robes, holding a plan, 
men at work erecting building 
behind her. {Ibid.) In abbess' 
robes. {Painting formerly at 
Chittlehampton Ch.) 

St. Hierome, or 
Hieronymus. See 
St. Jerome 

(Sept. 30). 

St. Hilaria, and Com- 
panions, of Augsburg 

MM. 301 (Aug. 12). Burnt to 
death by pagans. {Cahier.) 
Acts of St. Afra (Aug. 5). Ado, 
Usuardus, Hrabanus, Maurus, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Hilaria 

M. Mother and companion of 
St. Afra (Aug. 5), q.v. 

St. Hilarion of Con- 
stantinople 

C. Ab. 845 (June 6). In monas- 
tic habit, with long hair, one 
leg bare to the thigh ; shrine 
near him. {XVI. cent, window.) 

St. Hilarion of Cj^prus 

H. 371 (Oct. 21). Riding an 
ass, exorcising a devil. {Fresco, 
Campo Santo, Pisa.) Clothed 
in skins. {Ikon.) Pile of wood or 
fimeral pUe. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Holding an hour glass. ( Weyen.) 
Vanquishing dragon by sign 
of the cross. {Fresco, Campo 
Santo, Pisa.) Butler, Ado, 
Hrabanus, Maurus, Sozomen, 
Fleury, Rom., Gk. and Russ. 
Marts. 

St. Hilarion 

Mk. Companion of St. Emilian 
(Jan. 28), q.v. 

St. Hilary 

Po. 468 (Sept. 10). In blue 
robe, with tiara. {Window, 
Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Usuardus, 
Ado, Anastasius the Librarian, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 



St. Hilary, B., and Com- 
panions, of Aquileja 

MM. 285 (Mar. 16). Hilary, 
Bishop of Aquileja, Tatian, Jus 
deacon, with Felix, Largus and 
Dionysius, three Christian 
fellow-prisoners, were tortured 
and put to the sword by order 
of the governor, Beronius. 
Usuardus, Bede, Rom. Mart. 

St. Hilary of Aries 

Abp. C. 449 (May 5). Conse- 
crating a virgin to God ; dove 
at his ear. {Callot.) Dove over 
his head. {Gueffier.) Tillemont, 
Hrabanus, Maurus, Notker, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Hilary of Poitiers 

B.C. 368 (Jan. 13). Holding 
open book of the Gospel. (G. 
Campi, St. Ilario, Cremona.) 
On an island, driving away 
serpents. {Callot.) Bishop with 
three books. {Gueffier.) Child 
in a cradle at his feet raised to 
life by him. {Passionael.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Ceillier. 

St. Hilda of Whitby 

V. Abs. 680 (Nov. 17). Abbess 
with crosier, a priest elevating 
at an altar on each side, and 
a bird near the Host. {Seal of 
Hartlepool.) Holding a model 
of her abbey. {Engraving.) 
Bede, Durham Missal and Gall. 
Mart, (on this day). York 
Kalendar (on Aug. 25). 

St. Hildebert 

B.C. 686 (n.d.) Hanging his 
gloves on sunbeam. {Cahier.). 

St. Hildegard of France 

Q. 783 (Apr. 30). Of Swabian 
descent, she was wife of the 
Emperor Charlemagne and 
mother of Charles, Pepin and 
Louis. She is venerated at St. 
Gall. A Life by the Monk of 
Eginhardt of St. Gall. 

St. Hildegardis of 
Bingen 

V. Abs. 1179 (Sept. 17). Angel 
driving away evil spirits. 
{Weyen.) Church in her hand. 
{Cahier.) Cross appearing at 
her death. {Ibid.) Surrounded 
by beggars. {Ibid.) Butler, 
Cave, Stilting, Rom. and Ger. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Hildegund of 
Schonau 

V. 1188 (Apr. 20). As a pilgrim, 
in man's clothing. {Ikon.) Angel 
on horseback attending her. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Canisius, 
Molanus, Wyon, etc. 

St. Hildelitha of 
Barking, Essex 

V. Abs. c. 720 (Mar. 24). 
Teacher and successor to St. 
Ethelburga, first Abbess of 
Barking. Bede, Ancient Ang. 
Marts, and Gall. Mart. 

61 



St. Hildulfus of Treves 

Abp. C. c. 707 (July 11). Exor- 
cising a boy. {Ikon.) Butler, 
Usuardus, Wyon, Greven, Treves, 
Lubeck-Cologne and Gall. Marts. 

St. Hillonius. See 
St. Tillo 

(Jan. 7). 

St. Hiltrudis of Liessies 

V. c. 780 (Sept. 27). Lamp and 
book, crown of roses. {Ch. of 
Benedictines, Liessies.) 

St. Hippolytus of Porto 

B.M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 22). 
Companion of St. Timothy 
(Aug. 22), q.v. Sitting in chair 
inscribed with his two Greek 
cycles of eight years each. 
{Statue, Vatican.) Usuardus, 
Menology of Basil (on Aug. 29), 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Hippolytus of Rome 

M. 252 (Aug. 13). In armour, 
bearing paJm. {Alessandro 
Bonvicino.) Bearing a lance. 
{St. Laurence without the Walls, 
Rome.) Holding a sieve. {Ibid.) 
Tied to a tree and torn 
with hooks. {Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Dragged and torn by horses. 
{Bruges Cath.) Holding two 
keys, as a gaoler. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Burying body of St. 
Laurence. D. {Window, N.D. 
de Lorette, Paris.) Holding an 
instrument resembling a curry- 
comb. {Florence Acad.) Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men., etc. 

Bl. Hippolytus 
Galantini of Florence 

1619 (Mar. 20). Founder of the 
Institute of Christian Brothers. 

St. Holofius. See 
St. Olaf 

(July 29). 

St. Homobonus of 
Cremona 

C. 1197 (Nov. 13). Distributing 
money and food, flasks of wine 
near him. {Pal. Reale, Venice, 
Bonifazio.) Prostrate and dead 
before altar. {Cahier.) Angels 
making garments for him. {Icon. 
Sanct.) Butler, Surius. 

St. Honestus of 
Pampeluna 

P.M. Ap. c. 270 (Feb. 16). 
A native of Nimes converted 
and ordained by St. Satuminus. 
St. Firminus I. (Sept. 25) was 
his pupil. Toulouse, Amiens and 
Pampeluna Breviaries, Wytford, 
Usuardus. 

St. Honoratus, or 
Honor6, of Amiens 

B.C. c. 660 (May 16). A native 
of Ponthieu and titular saint 
of the Carthusian monastery at 
Abbeville. Butler, Lefevre, 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Honoratus of Aries 

B.C. 435 (Jan. i6). Mitre and 
crosier brought him on an 
island. (Calloi.) Preaching in a 
pulpit. {Gueffier.) Commanding 
water to flow from a rock. 
(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Expelling 
serpents from an island with his 
staff. [Raring-Gould.) Butler, 
A Life by St. Hilarius of Aries. 

St. Honoratus of 
Lombardy 

570 (Feb. 8). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Honoratus 

M. One of the Twelve Brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Honorina of 
Conflans 

V.M. N.D. (Feb. 27). Relics 
translated to Conflans c. 912. 
Nothing more is known of this 
saint. Some Gall. Marts. 

St. Honorius of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. C. 653 (Sept. 30). Holding 
a baker's peel. {Roodscreen, 
Wolborough.) Baker's peel, with 
three loaves on it. {Solitaire.) 
Consecrating St. Birinus. (Early 
window, Dorchester Ch., Oxon.) 
Butler, Capgrave, Bede, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Honorius of 
Lombardy 

586 (Apr. 24). Bishop of 
Brescia. 

St. Hope 

V.M. Companion of St. Faith 
(Aug. i), q.v. 

St. Hormisdas 

Po. 523 (Aug. 6). A Campanian 
successor to St. Symmachus 
(July 19) in the Papal Chair. 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Hormisdas of Persia 

CM. c. 420 (Aug. 8). A camel 
near him. (Weyen.) Keeping 
camels. (Gueffier.) Butler, 
Theodoret, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Hormisdas 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St, Hospicius of Villa- 
franca 

H. 681 (Oct. 15). Voluntarily 
in prison, chained. (Cahier.) 

Bl. Hrabanus Maurus 
of Mainz 

Abp. 856 (Feb. 4). An illustri- 
ous writer of the 9th century, 
educated in the monastery of 
Fulda and later at Tours imder 
B. Alcuin (May 19). He was 
chosen Abbot of Fulda in 822 
and Archbishop of Mainz in 847. 
His Life by Rudolph of Fulda. 

St. Hrosnata of Topi 

M. 1217 (July 14). A Bohemian 
noble at the Court of Ottocar, 



founder of the Norbertine mon- 
astery of Topi, to which later 
he retired himself. Taken by 
enemies when inspecting the 
abbey property, he was thrown 
into a dungeon and murdered. 
Norbertine and Bohemian Marts. 

St. Hubert of Lifege 

Bp. 727 (Nov. 3). Stag on a 
book. (Coins of Dudry of 
Juliers.) Ibid., crucifix be- 
tween its horns. (Munich Gal., 
Wilhelm von Koln.) Stag with 
crucifix between its horns. 
(Callot.) /6j«?., bounding before 
ahimterkneeUng. (MS. Hours.) 
Stag, book and crosier. (National 
Gal.) Angel bringing him a 
stole. (Freude Miniature, c. 
1500 , Heures d'A nne de Bretaf;ne, 
and Burgmaier.) Butler, Mabil- 
lon, Le Cointe, Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker,] Sarum and York 
Breviaries, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Hubland. See 
St. Hermeland 

(Nov. 25). 

St. Hugh of Champagne 

1141 (Aug. 10). Bishop of 
Auxerre. 

St. Hugh of Cluny 

Ab. C. 1109 (Apr. 29). Suc- 
cessor to St. Odilo, Abbot of 
Cluny. Butler, Papebroke, Ceil- 
lier, Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Hugh of Grenoble 

B.C. 1132 (Apr. i). Raising an 
executed man to life. (Old 
engraving.) Holding a stem with 
seven stars. (Flemish window.*) 
Three flowers in his hand. (Ikon. ) 
A mitre. (Attrib. der Heil.) A 
lantern. (Husenbeth.) Angel 
protecting him from lightning. 
(Die Heiligenbid.) Wytford, 
Greven, Gall, and Rom. Marts., 
etc. 

St. Hugh, Bishop of 
Lincoln 

C. 120 (Nov. 17). Angel pro- 
tecting him from lightning. In 
error for St. Hugh of Grenoble (?) . 
(Cahier.) Infant Jesus appear- 
ing to him in the Sacred Host 
when saying Mass. (Ibid.) 
Swan beside him, chalice in 
hand, from which issues the 
Infant Jesus. (Flemish window, 
XV. cent.*) Butler, Surius, 
Rom. Mart., Sarum Breviary, etc. 

St. Hugh, the Martyr of 
Lincoln 

1255 (Aug. 27). A child, nailed 
upon cross. (Jameson.) Ibid., 
standing with palm and cross. 
(Ibid.) Butler, Hearne, Matthew 
Paris, Wilson, etc. 

St. Hugh of Normandy 

730 (Apr. 9). Bishop of Rouen. 
* See frontispiece. 
62 



Bl. Hugo of Vaucelles 

Mk. 1236 (Mar. 29). Dean of 
Cambrai, he retired to the 
monastery of Vaucelles to avoid 
preferment. Gall. Mart. 

St. Hugolin 

M. One of the seven Franciscan 
Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

St. Humbeline 

V. Abs. 1141 (N.D.) Standing 
behind her brother, St. Bernard 
of Clairvaux (Aug. 20). (Choir 
window, Lichfield Cath.) Life of 
St. Bernard. 

St. Humbert of 
Hainault 

C. Ab. 680 (Mar. 25). Angel 
marking a cross on his forehead. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Star on his 
forehead. (Chris. Kunst.) A 
bear. (Ibid.) Stag taking 
refuge under his mantle, which 
lies on the ground. (Cahier.) 
Obtaining a fountain by prayer. 
(Ibid.) Belg. Fran, and Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Humphrey of 
Picardy 

871 (Mar. 8). Bishop of The- 
rouanne. 

St. Hunna 

N.D. A piece of Unen in his 
hand. (Ikon.) 

St. Huvar. See 
St. Herve 

(June 17). 

St. Hyacinth of 
Caesarea 

M. Early 2nd cent. (July 3). 
Refusing to eat food that had 
been offered to idols, he died 
of starvation in prison. He is 
said to have been chamberlain 
to the Emperor Trajan. Russian 
Kalendar, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Hyacinth of 
Paphlagonia 

M. (July 17). A native of 
Amastris tortured for hewing 
down a sacred tree. He died 
in prison of his injuries. Gk. 
Men. and Russ. Kalendar (on 
July 18). Mod. Rom. Mart. 
(on above date). 

St. Hyacinth of Poland 

C. (O.P.) 1257 (Aug. 16). 
Sailing on the sea on his cloak. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Curing the 
bite of a scorpion. (Malosso of 
Cremona.) Restoring a drowned 
youth to life. (Bologna, Brizzio.) 
Ciborium, and image of B.V. 
Mary. (Mayence Museum.) 
Crossing the Dneister with 
ciborium and image of B.V. 
Mary. (Louvre, Leandro Bas- 
sano.) B.V. Mary with Holy 
Infant appearing to him. (L. 
Caracci.) Butler, Cuper the 
Bollandist, Rom. Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Hyacinth 

M. Companion of St. Protus 
(Sept. ii), q.v. 

St. Hyacintha of 
Viterbo 

V. 1640 (Jan. 30). Holding a 
scourge. {Engraving, Society 
St. Augustine.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Hyginus 

Po. M. d. 142 (Jan.; II). Suc- 
cessor to St. Telesphorus as 
Pope, A.D. 139, he is described 
as a martyr, probably on 
account of the persecution 
during his life rather than the 
manner of his death, which does 
not appear to have been a 
violent one. Butler, TiUemont. 

St. Hymelin of Yisse- 
naeken 

p.p. 8th cent. (Mar. 10). An 
Irishman and near relative of 
St. Rumbold, who died at Visse- 
naeken in Brabant whilst return- 
ing from a pilgrimage to Rome. 
Aberdeen Breviary, Rom. and 
Ang. Marts. 

St. Hymerius of Italy 

c. 560 (Jtme 17). Bishop of 
AureUa. 

St. Hypatius 

B.M. c. 350 (Aug. 29). Draggmg 
a dragon by his crosier into a 
great fire. (Cahier.) 

St. Hypatius of Paph- 
lagonia 

B.M. 325 (Nov. 14). As Bishop 
of Gangra he attended the 
Council of Nicaea, on his return 
from which he was stoned to 
death by the Novatians. Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Hypatius 

M. Companion of St. Leontius 
(Jime 18), q.v. 

St. Hypatius 

M. Companion of St. Theodulus 
(Jan. 14), q.v. 

St. Hyperechius 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

SS. la and Breacha, 
of Cornwall 

VV. 6th cent. (Oct. 27). la, 
the daughter of an Irish noble- 
man, and Breacha, educated in 
a monastery foimded by St. 
Bridget, were missionaries to 
Cornwall landing with others 
at Pendinas. Calloners' British 
Mart. 

St. la, and Companions, 
of Persia 

MM. c. 360 (Aug. 4). A Greek 
slave who, with her converts, 
was beaten to death with knotted 
apple boughs and wire scourges 
under King Sapor. Gk. Acts, 
Rom. Mart. 



St. laderus 

M. Companion of St. Neme- 
sianus (Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. lago. See St. James 

(July 25). 

St. Ibar of Leinster 

B. c. 500 (Apr. 23). Uncle to 
St. Abban of Magharhoide, he 
is said to have been consecrated 
bishop by St. Patrick and to 
have biult a monastery at 
Beg-erin on the coast of Leinstre. 
Butler, Usher, Colgan, Tallaght 
Mart. 

St. Iberga. See 
St. Isberga 

(May 21). 

St. Ida of Herzfeldt 

W. c. 813 (Sept. 4). FiUing a 
tomb with food for ^the poor. 
{Gueffier.) Dove over her head. 
{Burgmaier.) Carrying a church. 
(Husenbeth.) Butler, Uffing, 
Suysken the Bollandisi, Ger, 
Marts. 

St. Ida of JSTivelles 

1231 (n.d.) Our Saviour receiv- 
ing her tears. (Cahier.) 

St. Ida of Soissons 

c. 1250 (Mar. 25). An abbess 
of Argensolles. 

St. Ida, or Idda, of 
Toggenburg 

Cts. 1226 (Nov. 3). Raven with 
ring in its beak. (Ikon.) Stag 
with flames on its horns. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Ger. Maris. 

St. Idaberga of Caister 

V. c. 650 (June 20). Daughter 
of Penda, K. of Mercia, and 
sister to St. Cuneberga. Butler, 
Leland, Capgrave, Henschenius, 
Papebroke, etc. 

St. Iduberga, or Itta, of 
Nivelles 

Matr. 652 (May 8). Wife of 
St. Pepin of Louden (Feb. 21), 
and mother of St. Begga (Dec. 
17) and St. Gertrude (Mar 21). 
Gall., Belg. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Idus of Leinster 

c. 500 (July 14). A disciple 
of St. Patrick and Bishop of 
Athfadha. Butter, Colgan. 

St. Ignatius of 
Byzantium 

Patr. 878 (Oct. 23). Successor 
to St. Methodius as Patriarch 
of Constantinople, he was 
driven from his see by Bardas 
but restored by the Emperor 
Basil. Butler, Baronius. 

Bl. Ignatius Azeredo, 
and Companions, of 
Palma 

MM. 1570 (July 15). Superior 
of the Jesuit mission to Brazil, 
murdered aboard ship, off the 

68 



Canary Islands, with thirty- 
nine companions, by French 
Calvinists. Rom. Mart. 

St. Ignatius Loyola of 
Rome 

C. 1556 (July 31). Founder of 
the Society of Jesus. I H S on 
his breast or within rays in his 
hand. (Ikon.) His hand on the 
book of his constitutions, I H S 
above him in light. (Warwick 
Castle, Rubens.) Christ appear- 
ing to him, bearing His cross. 
(Cahier.) His Life by Gonsalvo, 
Pinius the Bollandist, Butler, 
Rom. , Bruges and Treves Marts. , 
etc. 

St. Ignatius Theo- 
phorus of Antioch 

B.M. 108 (Feb. i). Regarding 
a crucifix, hon at side. (Ante- 
chap. , Mag. Coll. , Oxon. ) Stand- 
ing between two Uons. (IX. 
cent. Greek MS.) In chains. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding a 
heart with I H S upon it. (Mola- 
nus.) Fiery globe in his hand. 
(Sandringham Ch.) Heart with 
I H S torn out by Uons. (Paint- 
ing, Ribera.) A red heart in 
hand, with I H S over it in gold 
letters. (Predella.Fra Angelica.) 
Eusebius, TiUemont, Ceillier, 
Butler, Rom, Mart., etc. 

St. Ignatius 

M. Companion of St. Celerinus 
(Feb. 3), q.v. 

St. Ildefonsus of 
Toledo 

Abp. 667 (Jan. 23). White 
cope or vestments brought him 
by the B.V. Mary. (Vienna 
Gal., Rubens and Madrid 
Gal., Murillo.) Butler, Mabillon, 
Fleury, Rom. Mart. 

St. lUidius of Clermont 

B.C. c. 380 (June 5). Raising 
the dead. (Weyen.) St. Gregory 
of Tours, Branche, Savaron, 
Butler. 

St, Iltutus, or Iltyd, of 
Wales 

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 6). A 
soldier in K. Arthur's army. 
Converted by St. Cadoc(Jan.24), 
and St. Dubricius (Nov. 14). 
He was founder and first Abbot 
of Lantwit monastery. Butler, 
Usher, Alford, Leland, etc. 

Bl. Imelda 

V. c. 1333 (n.d.) Sacred Host 
appearing to her. (Cahier.) 

St. Immilion. See 
St. Emilian 

(Nov. 16). 

Bl. Imnerius 

C. N.D. Dominican, dove breath- 
ing flames flying to his mouth, 
book in left hand. (Predella, 
Fra Angelica.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Ina, King of the W. 
S axons 

730 (Feb. 6). Founder of the 
bishopric of Sherborne, Wells 
Cathedral and Glastonbury 
Abbey. Ferrarius, Wm. of 
Malmeshury, Eng. Mart. 

St. Indalesius 

B. (May 15). Companion of St. 
Torquatus (Apr. 30) , q.v. 

SS. Indract and 
Dominica, of Glaston- 
bury 

MM. c. 700 (Feb. 5). Brother 
and sister of Royal Irish birth, 
they settled as hermits near 
Glastonbury, where they were 
murdered by robbers. Wm. of 
Malmeshury, Cafgrave, Ancient 
Eng. Marts. 

St. Ingenuinus 

B.C. Driven by soldiers into 
exile. [Bavaria Pia.) 

SS. Injuriosus, C, and 
Scholastica, of Auvergne 

c. 388 (May 25). A husbandand 
wife noted for their chastity 
and venerated in Auvergne 
as " Les Deux Amants." St. 
Gregory of Tours, Gall. Mart. 

SS. Inna, Rima and 
Pinna 

2nd cent, (n.d.) Fastened to 
stakes set in frozen water. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Innocent I. 

Po. 417 (July 28). Angel bring- 
ing him a crown. (Weyen.) 
Butler, Anastasius the Librarian, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Innocent of Maine 

542 (June 19). A native of Le 
Mans, he was baptized, educated 
and ordained by St. Victorius. 
He succeeded St. Principius as 
Bishop of Le Mans. Le Mans 
Breviary, GaU. Mart. 

St. Innocent of 
Piedmont 

c. 350 (Apr. 17). Bishop of 
Tortona. 

St. Innocent of Siberia 

1731. (Nov. 26). A Bishop of 
Irkutsk. 

St. Innocentia 

V. Daughter of SS. Severus and 
Vincentia (Feb. i), q.v. 

St. Iphigenia 

V. ist cent (Sept. 21). Bap- 
tized by St. Matthew [Callot.) 

St. Irchard. See 
St. Yarcard 

(Aug. 24). 

St. Irenaeus of 
Hungary 

B.M. 304 (Mar. 24). Bishop of 
Sirmium in Pannonia, he was 
racked and beheaded and his 



body thrown into the River 
Boswethe by order of the 
governor, Probus, in the Dio- 
cletian persecution. Butler, 
Henschenius, Ruinart. 

St. Irenaeus of Lyons 

B.M. 202 (June 28). Book or 
casket. {Antechap., Mag. Coll., 
Oxon.) A Ughted torch in his 
hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Tille- 
mont, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc. 

SS. Irenaeus, D., and 
Mustiola, of Tuscany 

MM. 275 (July 3). Irenaeus 
was tortured and died on the 
rack at Clusina. Mustiola, a 
wealthy Christian lady, was 
scourged to death for visiting 
him in prison. Usuardus, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Irenaeus 

M. Companion of St. Abundius 
(Aug. 26), q.v. 

St. Irene, Empress of 
Constantinople 

1124 (Aug. 13). Wife of John 
Commenus, Emperor of the 
East. She founded the mon- 
astery of the Saviour at Con- 
stantinople. Gk. Men. 

St. Irene of Santarem 

M. 653 (Oct. 20). Stabbed with 
a dagger. (Cahier.) As a Bene- 
dictine nun, pregnant, with 
a sword through her throat. 
(Baring-Gould.) Mod. Rom., 
Spn. and Port. Marts. 

St, Irene of Thessa- 
lonica 

V.M. 290 (Apr. 5). Sister and 
companion to St. Agape (Apr. 
3),^'.!:;. Idols at her feet. (Ikon.) 
Horse near her. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Holding a sword. (Ibid.) 

St. Irene 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Irene 

M. Companion of St Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

Bl. Irmgard of Cologne 

v. c. 1680 (Sept. 4). Daughter 
of the Count of Zutphen, she 
spent her Ufe in seclusion and 
pilgrimages, smd at death be- 
queathed all her lands to the 
churches of SS. Peter and Pan- 
taleon at Cologne. Greven, 
Molanus, Canisius, Acta Sanc- 
torum, Ger. Maris., etc. 

SS. Irmina and Adela, 
of Treves 

VV. 720 Pec. 24). St. Irmina 
with a church in her hand. 
(Cahier.) Gall, and Ger. Marts. 

St. Isaac of Cordova 

Mk. M. 851 (June 3). Angel 
leading him. (Old engraving.) 
Lying on doorstep, two keys 
in his hand ; man praying over 
him. (P&res des Deserts.) 

64 



St. Isaac of Beth 
Seleucia 

B. Companion of St. Sapor 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

St. Isaac 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Theodulus (Jan. 14), q.v. 

Bl. Isabel of France 

V. 1270 (Aug. 31). Daughter 
of Louis VIII. and Blanche of 
CastUe, she founded the nunnery 
of the Humihty of Our Lady 
at Longchamps. Holding lily, 
crown encircling left wrist. 
(Engraving.) Butler, Du Cange, 
Joinville, etc. 

St. Isaias 

H.M. Companion of St. Sabbas 
(Jan. 14), q.v. 

St. Isapostolos. See 
St. Constantine 

(May 21). 

St. Isberga, or Iberque, 
of Artois 

V. c. 800 (May 21). Daughter 
of Pepin the Short and sister 
of Charlemagne, she founded 
and retired into the nunnery of 
St. Peter at Aire or Yberghe, in 
Artois. Artois Breviary, Gall, 
and Belg. Marts. 

St. Ischyrion of 
Alexandria 

M. 250 pec. 22). Stake thrust 
into his bowels. (Gueffier.) 
Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Isiah 

M. Companion of St. Ehas 
(Feb. 16), q.v. 

St. Isidora of Egypt 

V. (May i) Servant to a 
nimnery at Tabenna in Upper 
Egypt. Gk. Men. 

St. Isidore of 
Alexandria 

P.Mk. c. 404 (Jan. 15). Made 
hospitaller by St. Athanasius, 
he suffered persecution from 
Lucius the Arian and from 
Theophilus. He died at Con- 
stantinople. Butler, Palladius, 
Socrates, Sozomen, Theodoref, 
etc. 

St. Isidore of Egypt 

p. Mk. c. 44.9 (Feb. 4). A monk 
from his childhood, he became 
Superior of a monastery in the 
vicinity of Pelusium. He was 
greatly venerated by St. Cyril 
and ms contemporary prelates. 
Butler, Photius, Tillemont, Bol- 
landus, etc. 

St. Isidore the 
Husbandman of Madrid 

C. 1170 (May 10). Praying 
before a cross, angel ploughing 
with white oxen near him. 
(Bilder Legende.) Hoe or rake 
in hand, {pitti Gal., St. de 
Pesaro.) Butler. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Isidore of Sc6t6 

P.H. c. 391 (Jan. 15). Plough- 
ing, or his plough hdd by an 
angel. [Cahier.) Obtaining a 
fountain with his spade. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Tiliemont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Isidore of Seville 

B. 636 (Apr 4). With a pen 
and hive of bees. {Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Usuardus, Rom. 
and Spn. Marts. 

St. Ismael 

M. Companion of St. Manuel 
(June 17), q.v. 

St. Isoie. See 
St. Eusebia 

(Mar. 16). 

St. Isychius of Toulouse 

494 (Nov. 12). Bishop of Vienne. 

St. Isychius II. of 
Toulouse 

c. 565 (Nov 12). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Ita. See St. Ytha 

(Jan. 15). 

St. Ithamar of Kent 

656 (June 10). A native of 
Kent, ordained Bishop of 
Rochester by Archbishop Hono- 
rius. His relics were translated 
by Bishop Gundulf of Rochester 
(1077-1107). Bede, Menardus, 
Bucelinus, Eng. Mart. 

St. Itisberge 

V N.D. iKlding a serpent. 
{Old engraving.) 

St. Itta. See St. Ida 

(Sept. 4). 

St. Ivan of Bohemia 

H. 910 (June 24). Crown near 
him. {Cahier.) Hind near him. 
{Ibid.) Horse near him. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Bohemian Kalendar, 
Prague Breviary. 

St. Ives. See St. la 

(Oct. 27). 

St. Ives of Chartres 

B.C. 1115 (Dec. 23). Preaching 
to clergy. {Cahier.) His own 
letters, Gall. Marts. 

St. Ives, Ivia or Ivo, of 
Huntingdon 

B.C. 7th cent. (Apr. 25). Foun- 
tain flowing from his tomb. 
{Cahier.) Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Butler, Camden, Harps field, Ang. 
Mart., etc. 

S. Ives of Bretagne 

C. 303 Deed with seaJ in his 
hand. {Cahier.) A dove flsang 
round him. (ibid.) Wearing 
furred robes, and lawyer's 
bonnet. {Emboli, Florence Gal.) 
Jameson. 

St. Jacob of Dijon 

8th cent. (June 23). Bishop 
of Toul, on his return from a 
pilgrimage to Rome he died. 



kneeling at the tomb of St. 
Benignus at Dijon. Langres 
Breviary, Gall. Marts. 

St. James the Great 

Apostle. 1st cent. (July 25). 
Holding a sword. {XV. cent, 
window, Wintringham.) Pil- 
grim's hat and staff, holding 
a book ; his robe embroidered 
with shells, both bivalve and 
univalve. {Window, Doddis- 
combsleigh.) Pilgrim with staff 
and shell. {Roodscreens at 
Worsted and Edingthorpe.) 
Staff, shell, hat and wallet. 
{Roodscreen, Blofield; window, 
N. Tuddenham.) Staff and 
wallet with shell upon it. 
{Roodscreen, Ringland.) As a 
child, with staff and wallet. 
{Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.) 
Staff and book. {Roodscreen, 
Ranworth.) Holding a large 
shell. {XV. cent, window, 
Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin ; 
Brass, St Albans.) On a white 
charger, conquering Saracens. 
{Carreno de Miranda.) Banner 
with cross sword of Calatrava. 
{Cahier.) Keys in his hand 
{Ibid.) A sword. {Molanus.) 
Beheaded with a sword. (Ch. 
of SS. Neres and Achilles, 
Rome.) Leaning on sword. 
{XV. cent, window, Kunstgewerbe 
Museum, Berlin.) With scroll : 
" Qui conceptus est de Spiritu 
Sancto natus ex Maria Virgine." 
{Window, Fairford.) TheGospels, 
and all Martyrologies. 

St. James the Less 

Apostle. 1st cent. (May i). A 
fuller's club in his hand. {Rood- 
screens at Ranworth, Lessingham, 
Blofield, Worstead, Ringland, 
Tunstead, etc. , and countless other 
instances.) Club at his feet. 
(Lambrecht.) Club and book. 
{XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Withahalbert. {Window, 
Ludlow.) Child with a toy mill 
in his hand. {Parclose screen, 
Ranworth.) Child with palm 
branch. {Roodscreen, Houghton. 
le-Dale. ) Brains beaten out with 
a fuller's club. {Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Saw in his hand. {West window, 
Melbury Bubb.) Scroll with : 
<' Ascendit ad Coelos, sedit ad 
dexteram Dei Patris omni- 
potentis." {Window, Fairford.) 
The Gospels andi all Martyr- 
ologies. 

St. James de la Marca 
of Ancona 

O.M. 1476 (Nov. 28). Cup with 
serpent by it. {Cahier.) Rom. 
and Frans. Marts. 

Bl. James of Mesania 

C. N.D. Dominican inscribing 
I H S on his breast with a stylus. 
{Predella, Fra Angelico.) 

St. James of Meso- 
potamia 

520 (Oct. 29). Bishop of Sarug. 
65 



St. James of Nisibis 

B. c. 350 (July 15). Standing 
on a wall invoking heaven 
against a host, ^ires des 
Deserts.) Butler, Theodoret, 
Genuadius, Tiliemont, Ceillier, 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. James the Penitent 
of Palestine 

6th cent. (Jan. 28). In or near 
a sepulchre. {Solitudo.) Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. James the Penitent 
(another) 

5th cent. On a mountain pray- 
ing in chains. (P^res des Deserts.) 

St. James Intercisus of 
Persia 

M. 421 (Nov. 27). Sawn in 
pieces. {Cat. Sanct.) Feet and 
hands chopped off. {Das Pas- 
sionael.) Rom. and Copt. Marts., 
Gk. Men. 

St. James of Sclavonia 

C. 1483 (Apr. 20). A native 
of Dalmatia and lay-brother in 
the Franciscan monastery of 
Bitecto. Butler, Papebroke. 

St. James of Tarantaise 

B.C 5th cent (Jan. 16). A 
bear drawing a plough. {Ikon.) 
Bollandus. 

St. James of York 

Dn.C. c. 650 (Aug. 17). A 
companion of St. Paulinus in 
the Northumbrian mission, he 
alone maintained the faith at 
York after the pagan mission 
which followed the battle of 
Hatfield in 633. Mayhem's Bene. 
Mart., Memorial of British 
Piety, 1761 (on Oct. 18). 

Bl. James of Ulm 

Mk. (Oct. 12). Pilgrim, soldier, 
monk and glasspainter, he was 
a son of Theodoric, a merchant 
of Ulm. He made a pilgrimage 
to Rome in 1432, afterwards 
serving under AJphonso of 
Aragon, and later entered the 
Dominican monastery of Bo- 
logna, where he died. Melloni's 
Acts of Bolognese Saints, Leandro 
Alberto. 

Bl. James (another) 

C. N.D. Dominican holding a 
blossoming lily in a gold pot. 
{Predella, Fra Angelico.) 

Bl. James (another) 

C. N.D. Dominican, red heart 
marked " J.H.V.S." in his ri^ht 
hand, scapular held back with 
left to show a red woimd in 
his right side. {Predella, Fra 
Angelico.) 

St. James 

Mk. N.D. Holding the instru- 
ments of the Passion. {Weyen.) 
Query : Is this Bl. James of 
Ulma? 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. James 

D. Companion of St. Marian 
(Apr. 30), q.v. 

St. Jane Frances de 
Chantal of Annecy 

W. Abs. 1641 (Aug. 21). Hold- 
ing a heart with I H S. (Cahier.) 
Lives by Beaufils, De Maupas 
and Morsollier, Rom. Mart. 

St. Jane. See 
St. Joanna 

(Feb. 4). 

St. Januaria 

One of the Scillitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17), q.v. 

St. Januarius, and Com- 
panions, of Africa 

N.D. (July 10). Said to have 
been decapitated in Africa. 
SS. Nabor and FeUx are vener- 
ated as Mauretanian soldiers 
at MUan and Cologne, both 
places claiming their relics. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Januarius, B., and 
Companions, of 
Benevento 

MM. 305 (Sept. 19). In ep»is- 
copal robes, holding palm, with 
Vesuvius behind him (Jame- 
son.) Thrown into a fiery fur- 
nace. [Spagnolette.) Tied to a 
tree. [Chris. Kunst.) Heated 
oven beside him. [Cahier.) 
Surrounded by wild beasts. 
[Ikon.) Vials with his blood on 
book of the Gospels. [Church 
in Spain.) Praying in the midst 
of flames. [Weyen.) Lighting 
a fire. [Husenbeth.) Holding 
sword and crosier. [Antechap., 
Mag. Coll., Oxon.) Bede, Butler, 
Tillemont, Stilting, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Januarius 

M. One of the Twelve Brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Januarius 

M. Companion of St. Faustus 
(Oct. 13), q.v. 

St. Jarlath of Tuam 

B. c. 560 (Dec. 26). A native 
of Connaught, educated and 
received into holy orders by 
Beguinus, Archbishop of 
Armagh, he founded and was 
first Bishop of the diocese of 
Tuam. Butler, Colgan, Ware, 
Usher, Celt. Mart. 

St. Jarman. See 
St. Germain 

(July 3)- 
St. Jason 

Companion of St. Sosipater 
(June 25), q.v. 

St. Jeremiah 

M. Companion of St, Elias 
(Feb. 16), q.v. 



St. Jeremias 

M. Companion of St. Emilias 
(Sept. 15), q.v. 

St. Jeremias 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Peter (June 7), q.v. 

St. Jerome the Great 

Dr. 419 (Sept. 30). A doctor, 
holding pen and book, Uon at 
his feet. [XV. cent, window, 
Wintringham.) Beating his 
breast with a stone. [Window, 
Montmorency.) Cardinal's hat 
and robes. [Roodscreens.Lessing- 
ham and Rusion, and countless 
other examples.) Ibid., with 
inkhom, scroll, cross, staff and 
lion at his feet. [Roodscreen, 
Houghton,-le-Dale.) Ibid., Hon 
leading up to him. [National 
Gallery.) Lion beside him. 
[Perugino.) With an ink bottle. 
[Roodscreen, Morston.) Carry- 
ing a church. [Vivarini.) Stone 
in his hand. [Raphael.) Trum- 
pet sounding in his ear. [Ribera. ) 
Crucifix-headed staff, Hon at 
his feet. (Massaccio.) Extract- 
ing thorn from Hon's foot. 
[Naples, Coll. Antonio da Fiore.) 
Writing, two angels by him, 
hour-glass, etc. [Pitti Pal.) 
Reproved in a vision by the 
words : " Ciceronianus es." 
[Domenichino.) Holding a skull. 
[B. Lanini, Turin Gal.) 
Kneeling on thorns, or wearing 
a garment woven with thorns. 
[Attrib. der Heil.) All Mar- 
tyrologies. 

St. Jerome Emiliani of 
Venice 

C. 1537 (July 20). Founder of 
the Congregation of the Regular 
Clergy at Somascha. Chain and 
ball near him. [Ikon.) DeHver- 
ing a possessed chQd, chain in 
his hand, B.V. Mary and Holy 
Infant appearing to him. [Col. 
Milit. Eccl.) In black habit 
and mantle, holding key and 
shackbolt. [Gal., Northwick.) 
Butler, Helyot, Rom. Mart. 

St. Jeron of Egmond- 
op-Zee 

M. 856 (Nov. 7). Priest with 
sword and hooded falcon on his 
hand. [Attrib. der Heil.) Priest's 
cassock over armour, falcon on 
his left hand ; right hand hold- 
ing up cassock to show right 
leg in armour. [Roodscreen, 
Suffield.) Priest's cassock, falcon 
on his left hand. [Roodscreen, 
N. Tuddendam.) 

St. Joachim, Father of 
the B.V. Marj^ 

(Mar. 20). Meeting St. Anne 
at the Golden Gate of Jerusalem. 
[Missale Sarisb., 1534.) Lead- 
ing the B.V. Mary as a child. 
[Ikon.) Basket with doves and 
a staff. [Attrib. der Heil.) Angel 
announcing the birth of the 
B.V. Mary. [Cahier.) 

66 



St. Joachim of Sienna 

C. 1305 (Apr. 16). Bom of the 
noble family of the Pelacani, 
he was received into the order 
of the Servites by St. PhiUp 
Beniti at the age of fourteen. 
Butler, a Life by Attavanti, 
Giani's Annals 

St. Joan of Arc 

M. 1430. Bareheaded, in 
armour, with long tunic or kilted 
skirt embroidered with fleurs- 
de-lis ; banner with Annuncia- 
tion or the words, Jesus, Marie. 
[Popular representations, Rouen. ) 

St. Joanna 

1st cent. (May 24). Ointment 
box. [Attrib. der Heil.) Lamb 
near her ; cross in her arms. 
[Ikon.) Carrying a pitcher in a 
basket. (Molanus.) Luke viii. 3 
and xxiv. 10. 

Bl. Joanna de Urbe 
Veteri 

V. Lily, discipHne and rosary. 
[St. Dominic, Orvieto.) Infant 
Jesus holding a ring on her 
hand. [Cahier.) 

St. Joanna of Valois, 
Q. of France 

1505 (Feb. 4). Foundress of the 
Order of the Annunciation, 1500. 
Crowned ; habit of the Armun- 
ciation * ; crucifix and rosary. 
[Ch. Bene., Liessies.) The same, 
holding the Infant Saviour by 
the hand, a basket on His arm. 
[Tabl. de la Croix.) Cup of wine 
and basket of bread. [Rood- 
screen, Upton.) In white veU, a 
covered vase in her right hand, 
three loaves in her left. [Fresco, 
Barnham Broom.) Holding up 
crown in left hand. [Fresco, 
Eaton Ch.) 

St. Joannicius of 
Bithynia 

Ab. 846 (Nov. 4). Bom at 
Maricat, he became a soldier, 
and in his youth Hved a profli- 
gate Hfe, but after his con- 
version retired to Mt. Olympus, 
and afterwards founded a mon- 
astery on Mt. Antides. Butler, 
Papebroke, Surius, Rom., Gk. 
and Russ. Marts. 

St. Joavan, or Joevin, 
of Brittany 

B.C. (Mar. 2). A disciple of St. 
Paul de Leon, whom he accom- 
panied into Armorica, where he 
afterwards became a hermit in 
the Islede Baz. Butler, Lobineau, 
a Life by Albert [le Grand. 

St. Jocundus II. of 
Piedmont 

860 (Dec. 30). Bishop of Aosta. 

* Black veil, white cloak, red 
scapular, and brown habit with a 
cross. A cord for' girdle. French 
Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Jodoc of Brittany 

H. 668 (Dec. 13). Two oratories, 
saint kneeling before one. {Soli- 
tudo.) Crown at his feet. {Christ. 
Kunst.) Striking a spring of 
water under his staff. {Das 
Pastoral.) Pilgiim with crucifix 
staff. (Burgmaier.) Pilgrim 
reading. {St. Marys, Cologne.) 
Boats arriving with provisions. 
(Cahier.) Staff with piece of 
string tied loosely about the 
top. {MS. Hours.) Hand from 
heaven blessing his chalice. 
{Cahier.) Two chapels near him. 
{Ibid.) Mabillon, Gall, and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. John the Divine 

Apostle, ist cent. (Dec. 27). 
Cup with serpent issuing from it. 
{Roodscreens at Ranworth and 
Worstead and countless other 
instances.) As a child with pjilm, 
cup and serpent. {Houghton-le- 
Dale.) /6i<?., and an eagle. {East 
Ruston.) Palm branch, scroll 
and eagle. {Exeter Cath.) Eagle 
on barrel or cauldron. {Rood- 
screen, Oxburgh.) Palm and an 
eagle on a clasped book. {Upper 
Hardres,Kent.) Blessing a child. 
{Pulpit, Boizen.) Mounted on 
an eagle. {Marseilles, Raphael.) 
Stepping into a grave. {Vatican, 
MS. Greek Menology.) Writing 
the Apocalypse in the Isle of 
Patmos. {Lucas van Leyden.) 
Ibid., devil upsetting his ink 
bottle. {MS. Hours.) Ibid., 
devil attacked by the saint's 
eagle. {MS. of Fragments.) 
An old man in Mass vestments, 
lifted up to heaven by our 
Blessed Saviour out of his grave 
at the foot of the altar of 
Ephesus. {National Gallery.) 
Holding a ship. {XV. cent, 
window, Malvern Priory.) Scroll 
with : " Passus est sub Pontio 
Pilato, crucifixus, mortuus et 
sepultus." (iVindow, Fairford.) 
All Martyrologies. 

St. John the Almoner 
of Alexandria 

Patr. 619 (Jan. 23). Wallet 
in hand. {Ikon.) Loaf and 
rosary. {Husenbeth.) Giving 
alms to a cripple, (ibid.) 

St. John Baptist 

(Jime 24). Staff; and book, on 
which rechnes a'nimbed lamb. 
{XV. cent, window. All Saints, 
York.) TrampUng on a serpent. 
{XV. cent, window, Malvern 
Priory.) Lambonabook ; small 
cross, close cap, tunic of camel's 
hair, cape feistened by two 
leather thongs crossed. {Par- 
close screen, Ransworth.) Lamb 
on book. {Screen, Worstead.) 
Lamb and cross on book. 
{Roodscreen, Burlingham St. 
Andrew.) Lamb and cross. 
{Roodscreen, Attleborough.) 
Lamb. {Window, Kimberley.) 
Lamb's trotters. {Pitti Pal.. 



Soggi.) Lamb and locust. 
{Tabl. de la Croix.) Lamb, cross 
and sword. {Tomb, Bamberg.) 
His head on a dish. {Husenbeth.) 
Leather girdle, mantle over, 
barefooted and with wings. 
{Baring-Gould.) Cross headed 
staff with streamer, " Ecce 
Agnus[Dei." {Ibid.) All Mar- 
tyrologies. 

St. John of Beth 
Seleucia 

M. Companion of St. Narses 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

St. John of Beverley 

B. 721 (May 7). Shrine at his 
side. {Arbor Past.) York and 
Sarum Kalendars, Rom. and 
Eng. Marts. 

St. John of Bridlington 

Pr. C. 1379 (Oct. 10). Monk in 
brown habit and blue cloak 
with crosier. {XV . cent, window , 
Morley, Derby.) Monk holding 
a fish. {Pulpit, Hempstead.) 
Butler, Surius. 

St. John of Burgundy 

Ab. c. 405 (Jan. 28). A native 
of Langres, he became a monk 
at Lerins and later founded 
the Abbey of Reomay, now 
Moutier St. Jean, tmder the 
rule of St. Macarius. Butler, 
Bollandus. 

St. John the Calybite of 
Constantinople 

H. c. 450 (Jan. 15). A beggar 
discovering himself to his 
parents on his death -bed. 
{Callot.) Loaded with chains. 
{Ptres des Deserts.) Butler, 
Baronius, Bollandus, Papebroke, 
Chatelain, etc. 

St. John of Campania 

(Apr. i). Bishop of Naples. 

St. John Cantius of 
Cracow 

P.C. c. 1473 (Oct. 20). j Giving 
his garments toj the poor. 
{Cahier.) Lives by Adam Opatoff 
and Peter Skarga, Rom. Mart. 

St. John Capistran of 
Villach 

C. 1456 (Oct. 23). Holding and 
pointing to a crucifix. {Lib. 
Cronic.) Banner in his hand 
with I H S heading troops. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Red cross 
on his breast. {Ibid.) Red cross 
on his breast and one foot on 
a turban. {Cahier.) Star's rays 
descending upon him. {Ibid.) 
Lives by Christopher of Variso 
and Gabriel of Verona ; Butler, 
Mod. Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John Cassian of 
Marseilles 

Ab. 5th cent. (July 23). A 
Scythian by birth, he made 
several pilgrimages to the Nile 
deserts, afterwards retiring to 

67 



Massilia, where he founded two 
monasteries, one dedicated to 
St. Victor. Gall. Mart., Gk. 
Men. (on Feb. 28.) 

St. John of Chinon in 
Touraine 

P.C. 6th cent. (June 27). A 
Breton, who went into retire- 
ment at Chinon after taking 
priest's orders. Butler, Tours 
Breviary, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. John Chrysostom of 
Constantinople 

Abp. Dr. 407 (Jan 27 and Sept. 
14). ChaHceandbookof Gospels. 
{Rubens.) Beehive. {Ikon.) 
Angel by him. {A ttrib. der Heil.) 
St. Paul near him. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Socrates, Theodoret, 
Tillemont, Stilting, etc., and all 
Martyrologies. 

St. John Chuzibita 
of Palestine 

6th cent. (Oct. 28). Bishop of 
Caesarea. 

St. John of Citta di 
Penna 

Ab. H. 6th cent. (Mar. 19). 
Pear-tree blossoming in winter. 
{Cahier.) Usuardus, Ado,Notker, 
Bede, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John Climachus of 
Mount Sinai 

Ab. 606 (Mar. 30). With a 
ladder. {Attrib. der Heil.) Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. John Colombina of 
Siena 

C. 1367 (July 31). Foimder 
of the Order of the Jesuati. 
A dove. {Cahier.) Butler, Cuper, 
Helyot, Rom. Mart. 

St. John of the Cross of 
Castile 

C. 1591 (Nov. 24). Picture of 
the B.V. Mary in his hand. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Carmelite, 
large cross on his shoulders. 
{Revue de I' Art Chritien.) Our 
Saviour appearing, bearing His 
cross. (Cahier.) CarmeUte, 
with pen and MS. looking at a 
crucifix {Spn. engraving.) Car- 
meUte, bearded, with book 
and pen. {R. Lenieux.) Lives 
by the monks Honoratus and 
Dositheus, Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. John Damascen of 
Palestine 

Mk.P. 780 (May 6). Holding 
a vase. {Arbor Past.) Asleep, 
B.V. Mary appearing to him. 
{Callot.) Carrying a basket. 
{Ikon.) Carrying several baskets. 
{Blaise.) Holding his hand, 
cut off. {Ikon.) B.V. Mary 
restoring his hand, an axe in 
his other. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Fleury, Papebroke, Ceillier, Gk. 
Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. John the Dwarf of 

Scet^ 

H. c. 450 (Sept. 15 or Nov. 9). 
Instructor to St. Arsenius 
(July 19) , who was tutor to the 
ImperiaJ brothers, Arcadius and 
Honorius. Butler, Tillemont, Gk. 
and Russ. Marts. 

St. John of Lycopolis 

H. 394 (Mar. 27). A native of 
the Lower Thebaid and a car- 
penter by trade, he retired to 
the deserts at the age of forty 
and became, after St. Antony, 
the most renowned of all the 
sohtaries. Lives by Ms con- 
temporaries, Evagrius and Pal- 
ladius, Rufinus, Butler, most 
Latin Marts. 

St. John of Emilia 

^- 495 (JaJi- 12). A Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. John of Ephesus 

M. (July 27). One of the seven 
sleepers, q.v. With a club. 
(Musaeum Victorium, Rome.) 

St. John of French 
Flanders 

B. 1130 (Jan. 27). Made Bishop 
against has wUl by Pope Urban, 
he was distinguished by the 
sanctity of his hfe. He died 
blessing a congregation who had 
assembled at his death-bed. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. John, or Facundo, of 
Salamanca 

C. 1479 (June 12). Chalice and 
Host in his hand. (Cahier.) 
Cup and serpent. [Ibid.) 
Tramphng on the world and the 
devil. (Ibid.) One or more 
swords at his feet. (Ibid.) His 
Life by B. John of Seville, Butler, 
Papebroke, etc. 

St. John Francis Regis 
of Toulouse 

C. 1640 (June 16) Bom at 
Font Couverte (Narbonne), he 
entered the Society of Jesus at 
the age of nineteen, becoming 
celebrated for his eloquence 
as a missionary. He died and 
was buried at Louvesc in the 
VUay. A Life by Ptre Daubenton, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. John of God of 
Granada 

C. 1550 (Mar 8). Founder of 
the Order of Charity. Pome- 
granate, cross at top, in his 
hand. (Statuary, St. Peter's, 
Rome.) Alms chest hung up. 
(Attrio. der Heil.) Alms chest 
hung from his neck. (Cahier.) 
Crown of thorns on his head. 
(Ikon.) Two cups hung round 
his neck. (Ibid.) Washing Our 
Saviour's feet as a pilgrim. 
(Cahier.) Carrying head in a 
wallet. (Ibid.) Carrying sick 
persons. (Ibid.) Butler, Baillet, 
Helyot, Rom. Mart., etc. 



St. John of the Goths 
of Kertch 

B.M. c. 800 (June 26). Lance 
in his hand. (Ikon.) 

St. John the Good of 
Mantua 

C. 1249 (Nov. 23). Our Saviour 
inviting him to kiss His wounds. 
(Cahier.) 

St. John of the Grate 

B. 1 163 (Feb. i). A Breton, 
educated imder Peter, Abbot 
of CeUe, and later consecrated 
as Bishop of St Malo. Losing 
a lawsuit with the monks of 
Marmontiers, he was deprived 
of his see for a time, and lived 
in retirement under the pro- 
tection of St. Bernard of Clair- 
vaux, but was restored on the 
death of Pope Lucius IL Gall. 
Mart. 

St. John Gualberto of 
Passignano 

Ab. 1073 (July 12). Founder 
of the Order of VaUombrosa. 
Clothing his monks at VaUom- 
brosa. (Dibdin's Decameron I. 
85.) Standing on the devil, 
cross and T-staf£ sent on devU's 
hand. (Missale Valles Umbrosce). 
Image on crucifix bending to- 
wards him. (Callot.) Picture 
of Our Saviour in his hand. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Church in 
his hand. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Cuper, Rom. Mart. 

St. John of Holar 

B. 1121 (Apr. 23). Son of one 
Ogmimd, a wealthy Icelander, 
he was educated by Bishop 
Isleif of Skalholt and was con- 
secrated by the Bishop of Lund 
as first Bishop of Holar. The 
Gunnlaugr Saga. 

St. John of Janina 

C. N.D. Chains and sword. 
(Cahier.) 

St. John-Joseph of the 
Cross of Naples 

C. 1734 (Mar. 5). Bom in the 
island of Ischia, he joined the 
Franciscans at Naples at the 
age of sixteen, became Superior 
of the monastery of Piedimonte 
d'Agula, and died in the con- 
vent of St. Lucia at Naples. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. John, and Com- 
panions, of Jerusalem 

MM. 797 (Mar 20). Twenty 
monks dwelling in the laura 
of St. Sabas, suffocated by fires 
Ughted at the entrance of the 
laura by Arabs from the desert. 
The Contemporary Acts by St. 
Stephen of St. Sabas. 

St. John of Lodesano 

1106 (Sept. 7). Bishop of 
Gubbio. 



St. John of Lombardy 

M. c. 683 (July 11). A Bishop 
of Bergamo. 

St. John Mark 

Dp. ist cent. (Sept. 27). A 
disciple of SS. Paul and Barna- 
bas. Acts xii. 12, 25; xiii. 
5, 13 ; XV. 36 

St. John of Matha 

Ab. C. 1213 (Feb. 8). Founder 
of the Order of Trinitarians. 

B. Trinity giving him a scapular, 
with a cross upon his breast. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Broken chain 
in his hand. (Ikon.) Fettered 
slaves near him. (Ibid.) A Life 
by Robert Gaguin, Butler, Helyot, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John of Mathera 

Ab. 1139 (n.d.). Driving away 
the devil with a wand. (Col. 
Milit. Eccl.) 

St. John Nepomucen 
of Prague 

P.M. c. 1393 (May 16). Stand- 
ing on a bridge. (Statue on the 
bridge, Prague.) Bridge and 
river near him. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Padlock, and finger 
on his lips. (Of frequent occur- 
rence in Bohemia and Austria.) 
Empress confessing to him, 
stars roimd his head. (Turin 
Gal., D. Cresfi.) His body 
surrounded with hght floating 
on a river under a bridge. 
(Cahier.) In prison, manacled 
hand on a Bible, two angels 
above with fingers on their hps. 
(Old painting.) In surphce 
and purple stole, canon's fur 
liripipit and doctor's fom:- 
homed biretta ; his finger on his 
hp, and seven stars around his 
head. (Baring-Gould.) Butler, 
Papebroke, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John of Nicomedia 

M. c. 284 (Jan. 31). Tearing 
a paper off a temple. (Callot.) 
Ado, Usuardus, Notker,Eusebius, 
Lactantius, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John Oldratus 

C. 1159 (n.d.). Angel giving 
him a purse. (Col. Milit. Eccl.) 

St. John de Prado of 
Spain 

P.M. 1636 (May 24). A native 
of Leon sent by the Order of the 
Barefooted Observantin Fran- 
ciscans as a missionary to 
Morocco, where he was tortured, 
scourged and burnt at the stake. 
Butler. 

St. John of E-heims 

C. c. 570 (n.d.) Holding a 
chained dragon. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) 

St. John Ribeira of 
Spain 

1611 (Jan. 6). Patriarch of 
Antioch and Archbishop of 
Valencia. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. John of Rome 

P.M 362 (June 23). A priest 
beheaded under the Emperor 
Julian. His head was pre- 
served in the Church of St. 
Sylvester at Rome, where, in 
course of time, it came to be 
known as the head of St. John 
the Baptist. Usuardus, Ado, 
N other, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. John I., Pope of 
Rome 

M. 526 (May 27). A Tuscan by 
birth and successor to St. 
Hormisdas in the Papal Chair, 
he was thrown by Theodoric 
into prison, where he died. Ado, 
Hrahanus, Rom. Mart. 

St. John (the Silent) of 
Armenia 

B.C. c. 558 (May 13). Finger 
upon his mouth. {Cahier.) 
Luminous cross appearing to 
him. {Gueffier.) Butler, Godeau, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. John the Thauma- 
turgus of Polybotum 

C. 8th cent. Pec. 5). Driving 
the devU out of people. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. John of Umbria 

M. 6th cent. (Sept. 19). Bishop 
of Spoleto. 

St. John of Urtica 

C. 1163 (n.d.) Nettles in his 
hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

SS. John and Paul, of 
Rome 

MM. 362 (Jime 26). As Roman 
soldiers, holding sword and 
palm. (Jameson.) Rom. Mart. 

Bl. John 

C N.D. Dominican church in 
his right hand, golden rays from 
his left. (Predella, Fra Angelico.) 

Bl. John Agni 

O.P. Walking on the sea. {Lib. 
Sanct. Belgii O.P., Wood- 
chester.) 

Bl. John de Britto of 
Portugal 

M. 1693 (Feb. 4). Bom at 
Lisbon, he became a page to 
Dom Pedro, heir to the throne 
of Portugal. Joining the Society 
of Jesus, he was sent to the 
Indian Mission and was tortured 
and beheaded at Marava. Rom. 
Mart. 

Bl. John Marinoni of 
Naples 

C. 1562 pec. 13). Bom at 
Venice, where he served in the 
Church of St. Pantaleon. He 
became a canon of St. Mark's, 
and later entered the Theatin 
Order, accompanying St. 
Cajetan to Naples to foimd the 
convent of St. Paul, where he 
died. A Life by Bonaglia, St. 
Andrew Avellino, Butler. 



Bl. John of Metz 

1162 (Feb. 27). An abbot of 
Gorze. 

Bl. John Sarcander of 
Silesia 

P.M. 1624 (Mar. 10). Bom at 
Skotsochan in 1576, he became 
a priest at Holleschan, where he 
was murdered for refusing to 
divulge the secrets of the Con- 
fessional. Rom. Mart. 

St. John Scholasticus. 
See St. John Climachus 

(Mar. 30). 

Bl. John Sterlinus 

O.P. Choir of angels playing to 
him. {Lib. Sanct. Belgii O.P., 
Woodchester.) 

Bl. John William of 
Belgium 

P.H. 1241 (Feb. 10). Founder 
of the Abbey of the Olive, near 
Binche in Hainault. Though 
imcanonised, he is venerated as 
a saint in Belgium. 

St. John 

M. Companion of St. Abundius. 
(Sept. 16), q.v. 

St. John 

M. Companion of St. Anthony 
(Apr. 14), q.v. 

St. John 

M. Companion of St. Cyms 
(Jan. 31), q.v. 

St. Johas of Russia 

1471 (Nov. 5). Archbishop of 
Novgorod. 

St. Jonas the Gardener 
of Egypt 

Mk. 4th cent. (Feb. 11). For 
eighty-five years a monk in the 
monastery of Muchon, where 
he served as gardener. The Life 
of St. Pachomius, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Jonas and 
Barachisius of Persia 

Mks. MM. 327 (Mar. 29). 
Under a screw press. {Callot.) 
Jonas plunged into frozen water. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Ruinart, Title- 
mont, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Jordan of Saxony 

C. 1237 ^^^- 13)- Kneehng 
with open book before a statue 
of B.V. Mary and Holy Child. 
{Window, Milan Cath.) Domini- 
can; skull in his hand. {Pre- 
della, Fra Angelico.) 

St. Joris. See 
St. George 

(Apr. 23). 

St. Josaphat Konce- 
vitch of Poland 

1623 (Nov. 12). Archbishop of 
Polotsk. 

69 



St. Josophat 

M. Companion of St. Barlaam 
(Nov. 27), q.v. An axe fixed in 
his hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Joseph 

1st cent. (Mar. 19). Husband 
of B.V. Mary. Bearing a rod 
with flowers at top. {PittiGal., 
Guercino.) The same, but lilies 
at top. {St. Maria, Florence ; 
Fresco, Ghirlandajo.) With a Uly. 
{Ikon.) Carpenter's square and 
tools. {Ibid.) Carrying the 
Holy Infant and bearing a 
staff in leaf at top. {Die Heil.) 
All Martyrologies. 

St. Joseph of 
Arimathaea 

C. ist cent. (Mar. 17). A linen 
cloth. {Lorenzetti. A cad. , Siena. ) 
With thorn and vase. {XV. cent, 
window at Ludlow.) Box of 
ointment and budding staff. 
{Window, St. Cove.) Budding 
staff. {Nat. Gal., A. BonvincinoT) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Joseph, or Joses, 
Barsabas the Just 

B.C. 1st cent. (July 20). One of 
the seventy- two disciples. Hold- 
ing a cup of poison. {Callot.) 
Cmld blowing soap bubbles. 
{Par close screen, Ranworth.) 
Child holding three stones or 
loaves. {Roodscreen, Houghton- 
le-Dale.) Butler, Eusebius, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Joseph Calasanctius 
of Rome 

C. 1648 (Aug. 27). Founder of 
the Poor Regulars of the pious 
schools of the Mother of God. 
Holding lily, mitre and car- 
dinal's hat before him, B.V. 
and Holy Infant appearing. 
{Col. Mint. Eccl.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Joseph of Cupertino 

C. 1663 (Sept. 18). Raised 
above the ground before an 
image of the B.V. Mary. 
{Cahier.) Rom. and Franciscan 
Marts. 

St. Joseph the Hymn- 
writer 

C. 833 (Apr. 3). Bom in Sicily, 
he entered the monastic hfe in 
Thessalonica, emigrating thence, 
via Constantinople, to Rome. 
Taken by pirates, he was for 
some years a slave in Crete, and 
his later years were devoted to 
the writing of hymns. A Life 
by Theofhanes, Neale's Hymns 
of the Christian Church. 

St. Joseph of Leonissa 

C. 1612 (Feb. 4). A Capuchin 
missionary to the Christian 
galley slaves at Pera, where he 
was tortured by the Moham- 
medans and banished. Butler, 
Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Joseph of Palestine 

C- c. 356 (July 22). A Jew of 
Tiberias, taken under the 
patronage of Constantine after 
his conversion. He founded 
churches at Discaesarea, Caper- 
naum and elsewhere. St. 
Epiphanius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Joseph of Beth- 
catuba 

P.M. (Mar. 14). Companion of 
St. Acepsimas, q.v. Was im- 
prisoned and scourged daily 
for three years, finally being 
racked to death. 

St. Josse. See St. Jodoc 

Pec. 13). 

St. Jovinus 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4). q.v. 

St. Jovita 

Dn.M. Companion of St. 
Faustinus. (Feb. 15), q.v. 

St. Jucundus 

Le. M. Companion of St. 
Nicasius (Dec. 14), q.v. 

St. Judas, or Quiriacus, 
of Ancona 

B.M. 133 (May 4). Greek ponti- 
fical habit. {Old coins of the 
city of Ancona.) [N.B. : — ^Much 
confusion exists between this 
saint and St. Cyriacus of Jeru- 
salem (also May 4), q.v.] Hra- 
banus, Notker, Mart, of St. 
Jerome. 

St. Jude or Thaddeus 

Ap. M. ist cent. (Oct. 28). A 
long cross. {XV. cent, window, 
Wintringham.) An oar. {Hulme.) 
A boat in his hand. {XV. cent, 
window, Blythborough, Suffolk ; 
Parclose screen, N. Walsham ; 
Roodscreens at Ringland, Lessing- 
ham,Belaugh, Worstead,Swafield, 
etc., and many other instances.) 
Child holding a boat. {Ran- 
worth and Houghton-le-Dale.) A 
boat hook. [Ed. Kinesman's 
Lives of Saints.) Bearded, hold- 
ing a closed book. {Window, 
Duomo, Milan.) Carpenter's 
square. {Tabl. de la Croix.) 
A fuller's bat. {Roodscreen, 
Aylsham.) A ship with sails in 
his hand. {Roodscreen, Blofield.) 
Canying loaves or fish. {Fair- 
ford Ch.) A club. {Brass, Lynn 
St. Margaret's, and window, 
Melbury Bubb.) An inverted 
cross. {Ikon.) MedalHon of Our 
Saviour in hand, or on his 
breast. {Attrib. der Heil.) A 
halbert. {Husenbeth.) Scroll 
with: " Carnis Resurrectionem." 
{Window, Fairford.) All Mar- 
tyrologies. 

St. Judith 

W. Companion of St. Salome 
(June 29), q.v. 

St. Julia of Corsica 

V.M. 443 (May 23). Richly 
dressed, holding a paJm. {A . del 



Sarto, Berlin Gal.) Hanging 
on a cross. {Callot and Gueffler.) 
Dove fljmig from her mouth. 
{Cahier.) Ado, Notker, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Julia, or Juliana, of 
Normandy 

V. Abs. 8th cent. (Oct. 11). 
A young servant girl, admitted 
under protest to the convent 
of Pavilly by the Abbess Bene- 
dicta, whom she succeeded. Her 
rehcs were translated to Mon- 
treuU, with those of St. Austre- 
bertha, predecessor of Bene- 
dicta. Gall, and Bene. Marts. 

SS. Julia and Claudius, 
of Troyes 

MM. 275 (July 21). St. Claudius 
is said to have commanded a 
Gothic inroad into Gaul, during 
which St. Jidia was carried 
off from Troyes. Having con- 
verted her captor and twenty 
other Germanic chieftains, she 
returned with them to Troyes, 
where the whole party were 
martyred by the Prefect Elidius. 
Compare the legend of SS. 
Luceja and Ancejas (June 25), 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Julia 

V.M. Maidservant and com- 
panion of St. Eulaha (Dec. 10), 

q.v. 

St. Julian and Com- 
panions, of Alexandria 

MM. 250 (Feb. 27). St. Juhan, 
aiaicted with gout and unable 
to walk, was placed with 
St. Chronion on two camels, 
scourged through the city and 
burnt during the D ecian persecu- 
tion. St. Besas, a soldier, was 
beheaded for endeavouring to 
protect them from the crowd 
on their way to execution. 
Butler, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Julian Anabarbus. 
See St. Julian of Cilicia 

(Mar. 16). 

St. Julian of Ancyra 

P.M. c. 323 (Sept. 13). Red- 
hot hebnet placed on his head. 
{Ikon.) Martyr before his judges. 
{Zurbaran.) 

St, Julian of Castile 

C. 690 (Mar. 8). A historian 
and Archbishop of Toledo. 
Butler, St.- Ildefonso of Toledo. 

St. Julian of Cilicia 

M. c. 250 (Mar. 16). Flowing 
hair, rich secular habit with 
sword, holding palm. {Jameson.) 
Led bound on a dromedary. 
{Callot.) Butler, Tillemoni, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Julian of Cuenca 

B.C. 1207 (Jan. 28). Making 
baskets. (Cahier.) 

70 



St. Julian of Emesa 

M. 312 (Jime 9). Nail in his 
head. {Ikon.) 

St. Julian Hospitator 

H. 9th cent. (N.D.). Stag near 
him. {Ikon.) Ferrying poor 
travellers over river. {Gallori 
Palazzo Pitti.) Receiving a 
young leper as he lands from 
a boat, (ibid.) A boatman in a 
barge carrying Our Lord as 
a poor man. {Cahier.) An oar. 
{Husenbeth.) A hawk. {Ibid.) 

St. Julian of Lombardy 

C. c. 324 (Oct. 12). Bishop 
of Lodi. 

St. Julian, first Bishop 
of Mans 

C. 3rd cent. (Jan. 27). Driving 
away a dragon. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) A foimtain {Christ. 
Kunst.) Temple of Jupiter over- 
thrown. {Ikon.) Banner and 
palm. {Attrib. der Heil.) In 
pontificals, foimtain sprin^g 
at the point of his crosier, 
woman with a pitcher at his 
feet. {Window, Abbaye du 
Pre-leMans.) Bollandus, Butler, 
Tillemont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Julian Sabas of 
Mesopotamia 

H. c. 378 (Oct. 18). Hearing 
a voice from heaven. {Gueffler.) 
Butler, Theodoret, Bulteau, 
Fleury, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Julian of Syria 

H. c. 370 (July 6). A sail- 
maker and pupil of St. Ephrem 
(Feb. I and July 9), q.v., re- 
nowned for his sanctity. Butler, 
Sozomen. 

St. Julian of Vienne 

M. c. 304 (Aug. 28). Crucified. 
{Gueffler.) In armour, helmet 
at his feet, Maltese cross hung 
about his neck, palm and sword. 
{Statue, Bourges Museum.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Si. Gregory of 
Tours. 

SS. Julian and Basilissa, 
of Egypt 

313 (Jan. 9). Angel pointing 
out their names in the Book of 
Life. {Gueffler.) Holding the 
same lily stem. {Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Canisius, Rom. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St, Julian 

M. Companion to St. Caesarius 
(Nov. i), q.v. 

St, Julian 

M. Companion to St. Gregory 
(Aug. 9), q.v. 

St. Julian 

M. Companion to St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

St. Julian 

Companion to St. Theodulus 
(Feb. 17), q.v. 



11, A I L V I 





ST LUCY. V.M. 



ST. JDSTINA. V.M. 



Rood.screen. JrJeavitree Church, Devon. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Juliana Falconieri 
of Florence 

V. 1341 (June 19). Sacred Host 
on her heart. {Acad. Florence.) 
Prajdng before the B. Sacra- 
ment. {Old engraving. A Life 
by Giani, Bonanni, Papebroke, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Juliana of Li^ge 

V. Abs. 1258 (Apr. 5). Holding 
a monstrance. {Vies des Sies. 
Femmes.) Angel showing her 
a half moon. (jCahier.) Baring- 
Gould, Belg. Marts. 

St. Juliana of 
Nicomedia 

V.M. c. 309 (Feb. 16). Dragon 
held in a chain. {Roodscreen, 
N. Elmham.) Scourging devil, 
rope round his neck. {Pulpit, 
Hempstead ; Roodscreen. Kenn.) 
Holding the devil in chains. 
{Arms of Santillana; windows 
at Martham and Wighton.) 
Hanging by her hair. iCahier.) 
Sword and palm. {Solitudo.) 
Breast being burnt. {Gueffler.) 
In a cauldron over a fire. 
{Cahier.) In a cauldron before 
a judge. {Callot.) Butler, Bede, 
Chaielian. 

SS. Juliana of Cyrina 

W. MM. (Nov. i). Burnt to 
death together. {Cahier.) 

St. Julitta, or Juliana, 
of Tarsus 

M. c. 303 (July 30). Oxen near 
her. {Ikon.) Fountain springing 
from her blood. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Standing with her son, 
St. CjT, each bearing a palm 
branch. {Seal, Conv. St. Quiricus, 
Asti.) Baring-Gould, Rom., Gk. 
and Russ. Marts. 

St. Julius I. 

Po.C. 332 (Apr. 12). A Ronian 
by birth, he received the Arian 
deputies sent to accuse St. 
Athanasius,' and in 341 called 
the councU at which St. 
Athanasius, Marcellus of 
Ancyra and other orthodox 
prelates were declared innocent. 
Butler, Baronius, Tillemont, 
Fleury, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Julius of Bulgaria 

M. c. 302 (May 27). Encouraged 
to martyrdom by Hesychius. 
{Callot.) Passing over a lake 
upon his cloak. Butler, Ruinart, 
Tillemont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Julius of Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Companion of 
St. Optatus, q.v. 

St. Julius of Rome 

M. 192 (Aug. 19). A senator con- 
verted by St. Eusebius, beaten 
to death with cudgels in the 
reign of Commodas. Mariyr- 
ologiumParvum, Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 



SS. Julius and Aaron, 
of Wales 

MM. 304 (June 22 and July i). 
Two citizens of Caerleon, said to 
have been torn to pieces in the 
Diocletian persecution. There 
were formerly — c. 1223 — two 
churches in Caerleon dedicated 
to saints bearing these names. 
Ado, Gildas, Butler, Geoffrey 
of Monmouth, Rom. Mart. 

St. Junian of Limoges 

H. c. 500 (Oct. 16). When a 
boy, ran away from home, to 
become a pupil of St. Amandus 
of Rheims. Paris Mart, (on 
Nov. 15), Limoges Directory and 
Gall. Marts, (on above date). 

SS. Justa and Rufina, 
of Seville 

W. MM. c. 304 (July 19). 
Destroying an image of Venus. 
{Icon. Sanct.) Kneeling, palm 
in hand, broken earthen vessels 
at their feet. {Murillo.) One 
carrying two earthen vessels. 
{F . Zurbaran.) Butler, Maldonat, 
Ado, Usuardus, etc. 

St. Justin the Apologist 
of Rome 

M. c. 167 (June i and Apr. 13). 
Presenting his Apology to the 
Emperor Marcus Aurelius. 
{Callot.) His Life by Marand, 
Butler, Eusebius, Ceillier, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Justin of Louvres 

Ch.M. (Oct. 18). Martyred under 
the Prefect Rictus Varus when 
on a journey to Amiens for 
refusing to betray his father 
and brother, who, travelling 
with him, had hidden them- 
selves. Butler, Bede, Tillemont, 
Fleury. 

St. Justina of 
Antioch 

M. (Sept. 26). Companion of St. 
Cyprian, q.v. Vanquishing the 
devil by the cross. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Lily in hand, setting 
a cross on the devil's head. 
{Callot) Burnt with St. Cyprian 
over a fire. {Husenbeth.) 

St. Justina of Padua 

V.M. 304 (Oct. 7). Palm ; uni- 
corn at her feet. {Vienna, 
Bordinico.) Crowned, sword 
in her breast, holding a palm. 
{Carpaccio ,Brera, Milan.) Sword 
through both breasts. {Rood- 
screen, Heavitree Ch., Devon.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Helyot, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Justina 

V.M. Companion of St. Aureus 
(June 16), q.v. 

St. Justina 

V.M. Companion of St. Maura 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

71 



St. Justinian of Wales 

H.M. c. 540 (Aug. 23). Of 
noble Breton family, he emi- 
grated to Wales after being 
oradined priest, and became 
afhermit under the patronage of 
St. David. Whitford, a Life 
by John of Tynemouth. 

St. Justinus 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Justus 

N.D. Secular habit, wearing 
chaplet of flowers, holding sword 
and palm. {XVI. cent, window, 
Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin.) 

St. Justus of Kent 

Abp. C. c. 627 (Nov. 10). A 
Roman monk sent by St. 
Gregory to the English mission 
in 601, consecrated Bishop of 
Rochester in 604, he succeeded 
St. Mellitus as Archbishop of 
Canterbury in 624. Butler, 
Bede, Rom. Mart. 

St. Justus. See 
St. Justin 

(Oct. 18). 

St. Justus of Limoges 

P.C. c. 370 (Nov. 27). Limoges, 
Perigueux and Poitiers Brevi- 
aries, Bollandus (on above date), 
Saussaye (on Nov. 26). 

St. Justus of Lyons 

Abp. c. 390 (Sept. 2). Believing 
himself accessory to the death 
of a man who had sought 
sanctuary, been delivered by 
him to custody, and murdered 
by the mob, St. Justus resigned 
his archbishopric and died in 
retirement in Egypt. Butler, 
Stilting, Tillemont, Fleury, etc. 

St. Justus of Spain 

6th cent. (May 28). Bishop 
of Urgel. 

St. Justus of Toulouse 

M. 178 (May 6). A Bishop of 
Vienne. 

SS. Justus and Pastor, 
of Alcala 

MM. 304 (Aug. 6). Scourged 
together. {Callot.) With swords. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Prints of 
their knees on a stone. {Ibid.) 
St. Justus drowned with lead 
to his neck. {Ikon.) Cross 
appearing to hun. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Prudentius, Flores, etc. 

St. Juthwara of 
Sherborne 

V. (Jan. 6). Sister of St. 
Sidwell of Exeter. Holding 
her decapitated head in her 
hands. {Roodscreen, Hennock.) 

Bl. Jutta of Belgium 

W. 1228 (Jan. 13). Nun holding 
a red-hot tripod. {Ikon.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Juvenal of Umbria 

B. 376 (May 3). {Styled a 
martyr by St. Gregory the Great.) 
Sword between his teeth. {Chris. 
Kunst.) Walking on water. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Rom. Breviary. 

SS. Juventinus, or 
Juventine, and 
Maximus of Antioch 

MM. 363 (Jan. 25). Officers in 
the foot guards of Juhan the 
Apostate scourged and be- 
headed in prison for refusing 
to sacrifice to idols. St. Chry- 
sosfom, Butler, Theodoret. 

St. Juventius of Pavia 

B.C. 2nd cent. (Feb. 8). His 
torturers killing each other 
in a tempest. {Icon. Sand.) 
Standing before shrine of SS. 
Gervasius and Protasius. 
{Gueffier.) Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Ke. 8ee St. Kenan 

(Nov. 5). 

St. Kebius 

B.C. 4th cent. (Apr. 25). A 
native of Cornwall who was 
ordained Bishop of St. Hilary of 
Poitiers and returned to preach 
penance in his native country. 
Butler, Borlase, Leland. 

St. Kellach of Ireland 

B.M. c. 650 (May i). Abdi- 
cating the throne of Connaught, 
he was ordained Priest and 
Bishop of Killala by St. Kieran. 
Expelled from his diocese by 
Guaire, his successor as King 
of Connaught, he retired to an 
islet in Lough Conn. Thence 
he was taken to the mainland 
and murdered. Irish Marts. 

St. Kenan, or Kea, of 
Cleder, in Brittany 

B. 6th cent. (Nov. 5). Bell in 
hand. {Cahier.) Lobineau, Gall. 
Mart. 

St. Kenan of Duleek, 
Ireland 

B.C. 489 (Nov. 24). Plough 
drawn by eight stags. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Usher. 

St. Kenelm of Mercia 

K.M. 826 pec. 13). King 
holding a lily. {Statuary, Wells 
Cath.) Butler, Higden, Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Sarum Breviary, 
Ang. Mart., etc. 

St. Kenerin. 8ee 
St. Kieran 

(Mar. 5). 

St. Keneth of the 
Gower 

H. c. 550 (Aug. i). Said to have 
been the illegitimate son of a 
Welsh prince set afloat in a 
coracle on the day of his birth. 
The legend says he was carried 
by seagulls to the Gower Penin- 



sula, where he spent his Ufa as 
a hermit. Wilson, Bollandus, 
Capgrave. 

St. Kennera of Gal way 

V. N.D. (Oct. 29). Frequently 
confounded with St. Cunera 
(June 12). She was probably 
a recluse. Kirk-Kinner, in Gal- 
way, takes her name. Aberdeen 
Breviary, Scottish Marts. 

St. Kennocha of 
Scotland 

V. c. 1007 (Mar. 13). Heiress 
to a noble family, she became a 
sohtary and hved a Uf e of great 
severity and is buried in the 
church of Kyle. Butler, Adam 
King, Scone Chronicle, Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

St. Kenny of Kilkenny 

Ab. 59^ (Oct. 11). Son of the 
bard Laidec, he studied in Wales 
under the abbot Docus and in 
Ireland under St. Finian, and 
later founded the monastery 
of Achad-bho. Butler, Usher, 
Adamnan, Ware, Aberdeen Brevi- 
ary, Celt, and Rom. Marts. 

St. Kentigerna 

W. d. 728 (Jan. 7). Daughter 
of KeUy, prince of Leinster, 
and mother to St. Filan (Jan. 
9), she died in retirement in 
the island of Inchelrock. 
Butter, Colgan, Aberdeen Brevi- 
ary. 

St, Kessoge, or 
Mackessoge of Scotland 

B.C. 560 (Mar. 10). Arrows 
and bent bow. {Acta Sanct.) 
Soldier with bent bow and 
arrow in it. {Butler.) Butler, 
Dempster, David Camerarius, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Kentigern of 
Glasgow 

B. 601 (Jan. 13). Of royal 
blood among the Picts, placed 
in Culross monastery rmder St. 
Servanus and, as Bishop, sent 
missionaries to Iceland. Hold- 
ing a salmon, a ring in its gills. 
{Acta Sanct.) Holdmg a plough 
drawn by two deer or a deer 
and a wolf. {Cahier.) Butter, 
Leland, Usher, Hector Boetius, 
Leslie, etc. 

St. Kerrian. See 
St. Kieran 

(Mar. 5). 

St. Kevin. See 
St. Coemgen 

(June 3). 

St. Keyne of Wales 

V. c. 490 (Oct. 8). Daughter 
of the Welsh prince, Breachan, 
she hved in retirement at 
Kejmsham, near Bristol, after- 
wards returning to Wales, where 
she died. Butter, Wilson, Wytford, 
C af grave, Alford, etc. 

72 



St. Kiara of Ireland 

V. 680 (Oct. 16). Daughter of 
an illustrious family in Munster, 
she was appointed by St. Fintan 
(Oct. 21) to estabhsh a nunnery 
at Tech-telle, in West Meath. 
Celt. Marts. 

St. Kieran of Cornwall 

B. c. 552 (Mar. 5). Bom in 
Cape Clear Island, he became 
founder and first Bishop of the 
see of Ossoiy, later retiring to 
Perranzabuloe, in Cornwall, 
where he died. Butler, Usher, 
Colgan, John of Tynemouih, 
Celt. Marts., etc. 

St. Kieran of Ireland 

Ab. 549 (Sept. 9). Son of a 
carpenter, he was bom in 
Connaught and educated by St. 
Finnian of Clonard. After a 
sojoum imder St. Nemi in 
Lough Ome and St. Enda of 
Aran-more, he founded the 
monastery of Clonmacnois, 
where he died. Butler, Usher, 
Ware, Suysken the Bollandist, 
Aberdeen Breviary, Rom. and 
Celt. Marts. 

St. Kilian of 
Aubigny 

P.C. 7th cent. (Nov. 13). An 
Irishman and kinsman of St. 
Fiacre, he was sent by St. Faxo 
of Meaux to preach in Artois. 
He died and is enshrined at 
Aubigny. Butler, Colgan, Le 
Cointe, Mabillon. 

St. Kilian and Com- 
panions, of Wurzburg 

MM. 688 (July 8). Apostle of 
Franconia. Sword and crosier. 
{Coins of Wurzburg.) Holding 
cross ;1 sword under his feet. 
{Bilder Legende.) Dagger and 
sword. {Attrib. der Heil.) Mar- 
tyred by sword ?and spear. 
{Der Heil. Leb.) "^ Ibid., two 
swords. {Lambrecht.) Butter, 
Mabillon, Bollandus, Rom. and 
Ger. Marts., etc. 

St. Kinga. See 
St. Cunegund 

(July 24). 

St, Kinnia, or Kinnea, 
of Ireland 

V. c. 400 (Feb. i). Nothing is 
known of this saint beyond a 
tradition that she was baptized 
and received the veil at the 
hands of St. Patrick. Her relics 
were venerated at Louth, in 
Ulster. Butler, Jocelin, Colgan, 
Bollandus. 

St, Knut. See 
St. Canute 

(Jan. 19). 

St. Kummermiss. See 
St, Wilgefortis 

(July 20). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Kuln. See 
St. Kilian 

(July 8). 

St. Kyle. See 
St. Kennocha 

(Mar. 13). 

SS. Kyneburge, W., 
Kyneswide and 
Kynedride, W., of 
Peterborough 

7th cent. (Mar. 6). Daughters 
of Penda, K. of Mercia. St. 
Kyneburge married Alfred, son 
of Oswy, K. of Bemicia, and 
on his death entered the nunnery 
of Dormundcaster with her 
sisters, whence their relics were 
translated to Peterborough. 
BuUer, Bede, Capgrave, Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Eng. Mart., etc. 

St. Kynederyn. See 
St. Kentigern 

(Jan. 13). 

St. Lactantius 

One of the ScUlitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17), q.v. 

St. Lactean of Clonfert 

Ab. 622 (Mar. 19). A friend of 
St. Mochoe-mog of Kilkenny, 
and foimder of the Abbey of 
Clonfert, where he died. Bol- 
landus, Celt. Marts. 

St. Lactean of Kerry 

c. 560 (n.d.) A contemporary 
of St. Senan of Iniscathy. The 
Church of Lis-lachtin, co. 
Kerry, perpetuates his name. 

St. Ladislas of 
Hungary 

K.C. 1095 (June 27). King 
holding an ensign before his 
army. (Callot.) Defended by 
two angels. {Gueffier.) Rosary 
and sword in hand. (Cahier.) 
Church in hand. (Ibid.) Bring- 
ing water out of a rock for his 
troops. (Ibid.) Holding an 
imperial globe marked with 
crosses, ^bid.) Butler, Pape- 
broke, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Laetus 

B.M. Companion of St. Dona- 
tianus (Sept. ,6), q.v. Was burnt 
aHve by Huneric in the Arian 
persecution. 

St. Laetus 

p. Companion of St. Vincent 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Lalo. See 
St. Ladislas 

(June 27). 

St. Lamalisse of Arran 

C. 7th cent. (Mar. 3). Lived 
in the Isle of Arran on the west 
of Scotland, where, according 
to Butler, a neighbouring islet 
bears his name. Butler. 



St. Lambert, or Laudus, 
of Maestricht 

B.M. c. 709 (Sept. 17). Epis- 
copal vestments, holding sword 
and open book. (Windovi), St. 
Mary's, Shrewsbury.) Stabbed 
with javelins. (Callot.) Refus- 
ing a cup at table of Pepin. 
(Icon. Sanct.) Abruptly leaving 
the same. (Gueffier.) Praying 
before a church ; city on fire. 
(Bavaria Pia.) Beaten with a 
club. (Der. Heyl. Leb.) A lance 
or dart. (Attrib. der Heil.)Cairy- 
ing hot coals in folds of his 
surplice for a thurible. (Ch. of St. 
Bavon, Ghent.) Luminous cross 
over his dead body. (Cahier.) 
Bede, Ado, Hrabanus, Usuardus, 
Wandelbert, Mod. Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Lambert the 
Husbandman, of 
Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Companion to St. 
Eucratia, q.v. His head in his 
hands. (Baring-Gould.) 

St. Landelin of Crespin 

Ab. 686 (Jtme 15). Dying in 
sackcloth and ashes, devil 
carrying away his former com- 
panion. (Old engraving.) Church 
in hand. (Cahier.) Fountain 
springing from his crosier. (Ibid. ) 
Butler, Mdbillon, Rom., Belg. 
and Gall. Marts. 

St. Landoald of Ghent, 
P.O., and Companions 

MM. 8th cent. (Mar. 19). Sent 
by Pope Martin to assist St. 
Amandus (Feb. 6) in his mission 
to the Low Countries, he founded 
the Church of St. Peter at 
Wintershoven, where he died, his 
rehcs being translated to St. 
Bavon's Church, Ghent, in 980. 
Belg., Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Landrada of 
Munster Bilsen 

V. Abs. c. 708 (July 8). Cross 
coming down to her. (Cahier.) 
Saussaye, Belg. Marts. 

St. Landric of Alsace 

c. 700 (Apr. 17). Bishop of 
Metz. Son of SS. Vincent Madel- 
gar and Waltrudis. 

St. Landric, or 
Landericus, of Paris 

B.C. c. 660 (June 10). Open 
razor on a book. (Burgmaier.) 
A cock near him. (Cahier.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Papebroke, 
Paris Breviary, etc. 

St. Lantbert of the 
Lyonnais 

c. 688 (Apr. 14). Bishop of 
Lyons. 

St. Largus 

M. Companion of St. Csoiacus 
(Aug. 8), q.v. 

73 



St. Largus 

Companion of St. Hilary (Mar. 
16), q.v. 

St. Laserian of Ireland 

B.Ab. 638 (Apr. 18). Educated 
by St. Muran (Mar. 12), he was 
ordained priest by St. Gregory 
the Great. Succeeding St. 
Goban as Abbot of LeighEn, he 
founded and became first Bishop 
of that see. Butler, Colgan, Celt. 
Mart. 

Bl. Latinus of Brescia 

B. 2nd cent. (Mar. 24). Domini- 
can wearing a cardinal's hat. 
(Predella, Fra Angelico.) 

St. Laudo or Laudebert. 
See St. Lambert 

(Sept. 17). 

St. Laudry. See 
St. Laudric 

(June 10). 

St. Laudus. See St. Lo 

(Sept. 21). 

St. Launomar, or 
Laumer, of Chartres 

Ab. 593 (Jan. 19). Counting 
money. (Cahier.) Boy keeping 
sheep. (Ibid.) Driving away 
wolves from pursuing a hind. 
(Ibid.) Barrel at his feet. (Statu- 
ary, Chartres Cath.) Butler, 
Bollandus, MabiUon, Chatelain, 
Gall. Mart. 

St. Laurence of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 619 (Feb. 2). Showing K. 
Edbald the stripes inflicted 
on him by St. Peter. (Porter's 
Lives of the Saints.) Butler, 
Bede, Wm. of Malmesbury, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Laurence O'Toole of 
Dublin 

Abp. 1180 (Nov. 14). Light 
over the Church of Eu, where he 
was buried. (Gueffier.) Butler, 
Surius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Laurence of 
Lombardy 

Abp. 512 (July 27). Archbishop 
of Milan. 

St. Laurence of Rome 

Dn. 258 (Aug. 10). Deacon 
holding gridiron. (Gand, 

Ferrari; Screens at Worstead, 
Ludham, Hempstead and Ran- 
worth; Window, N. Tuddenham.) 
Extended on gridiron. (St. 
Lawrence, Norwich.) Pahn and 
crucifix. (Nat. Gal.) Palm, hot 
gridiron near him. (Ikon.) 
Deacon with thurible, standing 
on a gridiron. (Vivarini.) 
Deacon with clasped book and 
gridiron. (Window, NetUe- 
stead.) Church and book ; long 
cross headed staff. (St. Lawrence 
Without the Walls, Rome.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Wearing dalmatic embroidered 
with flames, holding bag of 
money. (Fra Angelica , Chap. 
Nicholas F.) Distributing money 
from a bag in his hand. {Fra 
Angelica.) All Martyrolagies. 

St. Laurence of Spoleto 

B. c. 576 (Feb. 3). Sumamed 
the Illuminator, he is said to 
have come from Syria in the 
reign of Diocletian, when he was 
elected to be Bishop of Spoleto. 
Ballandus. 

St. Laurence Justinian 
of Venice 

Patr. 1455 (Sept. 5). Distribut- 
ing Church vessels in a famine. 
(7/ Prete Genavese, Venice.) 
Cross in hand. (Cahier.) Ram. 
Mart. 

St. Laurence 

M. Companion of St. Celerinus 
(Feb. 3), q.v. 

St. Laurence 

M. Brother of St. Pereginus 
(June 3), q.v. 

St. Laurian of Seville 

B.M. 6th cent. (July 4). Be- 
headed and giving his head to be 
sent to Seville. (Cahier.) 

St. Lazarus of Con- 
stantinople 

Mk. C. c. 870 (Feb. 23). Paint- 
ing pictures for churches with 
his hands burnt. [Zanaras.) 
Anastasius the Librarian, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Lazarus of Marseilles 

B.M. (Dec. 17). Sailing to 
Marseilles. (fVeyen.) Bishop 
with a small coffin on his right 
arm. (Saliiaire.) Ram. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Lazarus of Milan 

B. c. 449 (Feb. 11). Very little 
is known of this saint except 
that he was consecrated Bishop 
of Milan before 440, in the time 
of the Gothic invasion, and 
was the first bishop to order 
htanies to be used in the 
churches of Milan. Ballandus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Lea of Rome 

W. c. 384 (Mar. 22). A rich 
Roman matron distinguished 
by the austerity and humility 
of her life. Butler, St. Jerame, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Leander of Spain 

B.C. 596 (Feb. 27). Apostle 
to the Visigoths. Bl. Virgin 
and Holy Child appearing to 
him. [Old engraving) Holding 
enflamed heart. (Cahier.) With 
a pen. (Baring-Gould.) With a 
boy athis side. (Ibid.) Bede,Ada, 
Notker, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 



St. Lebbseus. 
St. Jude 

(Oct. 28). 



See 



St. Lebuinus of 
Deventer 

P.C. 773 (Nov. 12). Priest in 
chasuble, holding cross and 
book and treading on a spiked 
club. (Baring-Gould.) A Life 
by the Monk Hucbald, Butler, 
Mabillan, Surius, Gall., Ger. 
and Belg. Marts. 

St. Leger. See 
St. Leodegar 

(Oct. 2). 

St. Leo of Champagne 

c. 540 (Apr. 22). Bishop of Sens. 

St. Leo (the Great) 

Pope. 461 (Apr. 11). SS. Peter 
and Paul menacing Attila. 
(Callot.) On horseback, Attila 
and soldiers kneeling before 
him. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Praj^ng 
at the tomb of St. Peter. 
(Statuary, Chartres Cath.) Bede, 
Hrdbanus, Notker, Ram. Mart., 
Gk. Men. 

St. Leo II. 

Pope. 684 (June 28). Embracing 
a beggar. {(Cahier.) Ram. Mart. 

St. Leo III. 

Pope. 816 (June 12). Holding 
an asperge. (Cahier.) Men try- 
ing to pluck out his eyes and 
tongue. (Cahier.) St. Peter 
blessing him and giving him 
a pallium. (Mosaic, Lateran.) 
Cologne, Lubeck and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Leo IV. 

Pope. d. 855 (July 17). Driving 
away a dragon. (Cahier.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Leo IX. 

Pope. 1054 (Apr. 19). Visiting 
the sick. (Burgmaier.) Blessing 
a church from a distance. 
(Cahier.) Ram. Mart. 

St. Leo of Rouen 

Abp. c. 900 (Mar. i). Apostle 
of Bayonne. Bishop, holding 
his head in his hands (at 
Bayonne). Gall. Mart, (on above 
date) ; Saussaye and Ferrarius 
(on Mar. 3). 

St. Leo the Wonder- 
Worker of Sicily 

c. 780 (Feb. 20). Bishop of 
Catania. 

St. Leo 

M. One of the Seven Franciscan 
Mart3rrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

SS. Leo and Pare- 
gorius, of Patara 

MM. 3rd cent. (Feb. 18). St. 
Paregorius having been mar- 
tyred, St. Leo was arrested for 
praying at his tomb, scourged 
and executed, and his body 
thrown down a precipice. But- 
ler, Ruinart, Ballandus. 

74 



St. Leobard of 
Marmoutier 

H. c. 583 (Jan. 18). Of noble 
parentage in Auvergne, he lived 
a recluse at Marmoutier, where 
he was frequently visited by his 
friend, St. Gregory of Tours. 
St. Gregory of Tours, Gall. Mart. 

St. Leocadia of Toledo 

V.M. 303 (Dec. 9). Appearing 
to St. Ildefonsus from her 
tomb. (Hospital, Sta. Cruz.) 
Praying in prison. (Callat.) 
Tower and sword. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Usuardus, Notker, Ado, 
Rom. and S-pn. Marts. 

St. Leocritia of 
Cordova 

V.M. 859 (Mar. 15). A Moslem 
convert harboured by St. 
Eulogius (Mar. 11), but dis- 
covered in his house and put 
to death four days after the 
martyrdom of St. Eulogius. A 
Life of St. Eulogius by Alvar. 

St. Leodegar of Autun 

B.M. 678 (Oct. 2). Holding 
an augur. (Roodscreen,Ashton.) 
His eyes plucked out. (Callot.) 
Tongue cut out. (Icon. Sanct.) 
Tongue in his hand. (Revue de 
I' Art ChrStien.) Pickaxe in his 
hand. (Ikon.) Bodkin in his 
hand. (Weyen.) Hook with 
two prongs in his hand. (Coins 
of Lucerne.) Gimlets in his eyes. 
(Baring-Gould.) Pincers hold- 
ing his eyeballs. (Ibid.) Ada, 
Usuardus, Mabillan, Sarum 
Breviary, Rom., Gall, and Ger. 
Marts. 

St Leofe. See 
St. Lioba 

(Sept. 28). 

St. Leonard of Limoges 

H. c. 559 (Nov. 6). Ox lying 
near hun. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Releasing prisoners from stocks. 
(Cat. Sanct., Burgmaier.) Chains 
or manacles with lock. (Font, 
Taverham.) Chains and crosier. 
(Screen, Westhall.) Broken 
fetters, with a lock. (Liber 
Cranic.) In a cave, chains near 
him. (Icon. Sanct.) Fetters in 
his hand. (Roodscreen, Hemp- 
stead ; Window, Sparham. , And. 
del Sarto, Vienna Gal.) Obtain- 
ing a fountain by prayer. 
(Cahier.) Manacles and book. 
(MS. Hours.) Abbot holding 
fetters. (Formerly in St. John's, 
Maddermarket, Norwich.) 
Standing, with chain in hand, 
before Clovis and his queen on 
horseback. (Passianael) Youth 
mounting ladder, St. Leonard 
holding him by a chain. (Das 
Passianael.) A vane in his hand. 
Camden's Britain.) Surius, 
Butler, Baronius ; Sarum, York 
and Hereford Breviaries, Rom. 
and Gall. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Leonard of Port 
Maurice 

C.O.M. 1751 (Nov. 26). Entered 
the Minorites at the age of 
twenty-one, and became noted 
as a conductor of missions as 
well as for the austerity of his 
mode of hfe. Rom. and Fran- 
ciscan Maris. 

St. Leonard de Reresby 
of Tryberg, Yorks 

13th cent. (Nov. 6). Said to 
have been fonnerly venerated 
in Yorkshire. In chains and 
fetters. {Window formerly in 
Tryberg Church.) 17th cent. 
Memoirs of Sir John Reresby of 
Thryberg. 

St. Leonidas 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Leonides of 
Alexandria 

M. c. 202 (Apr. 22). A philo- 
sopher, and father of Origen the 
Great, imprisoned and beheaded 
by Laetus, Governor of Egypt. 
Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius, etc. 

St. Leonilla 

M. Grandmother and com- 
panion of St. Speucippus (Jan. 
17), q.v. 

St. Leonorius of 
Brittany 

B.C. c. 530 (July i). Hanging 
his mantle on a sunbeam. 
{Cahier.) Driving twelve stags 
in plough. {Ibid.) Bell in hand. 
{Ibid.) Butler, Usuardus, Lobi- 
neau, Leon Breviary, etc. 

St. Leontia 

M. Companion of St. Dionysia 
pec. 6),^.f. 

SS. Leontius 

c. 530 (Aug. 21) and Leontius 
II., 585 (Nov. 15), of Aquitaine. 
Bishops of Bordeaux. 

St. Leontius and Com- 
panions, of Phoenicia 

MM. c. 135 (June 18). Three 
soldiers at Tripolis, executed by 
the order of Hadrian for refus- 
ing to sacrifice to the gods. 
Theodoret, The Life of St. Euthy- 
mius (Jan. 20), Rom. Mart.,Gk. 
Men., Russ. Kalendar. 

St. Leontius of 
Saintonge 

626 (Mar. 19 or Nov. 17). Bishop 
of Saintes. 

St. Leontius 

M. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Angel 
near him, holding a bottle. 
{Cahier.) Scourged to death. 
{Ibid.) 

St. Leopold IV. of 
Austria 

C. 1136 (Nov. 15)- In Mar- 
grave's apparel, holding a 



^church. {Bilder Legende, Burg- 
maier.) Ibid.,c\mxcla. and banner. 
{Coins of Carinthia ; Hergott's 
House of Austria.) In armour, 
rosary in hand. {Vienna Gal.) 
Butler, Surius, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Lerconius of 
Champagne 

c. 665 (Apr. i). Bishop of 
Troyes. 

St. Lesin. See 
St. Licinius 

(Feb. 13). 

St. Lethard. See 
St. Liuthard 

(Feb. 24). 

St. Leu. See St. Lupus 

(July 29). 

St. Leucius of Apulia 

(Jan. 11). A Bishop ol Brindisi, 

St. Leucius 

M. Companion of St. Thyrsus 
(Jan. 28), q.v. 

St. Leudomer of 
Chalons-sur-Marne 

c. 583 (Oct. 2). Brother and 
successor to St. Elaphius, q.v. 
The Rev. S. Baring-Gould 
states that his emblem is an eye. 
Saussaye, Gall. Marts. 

St. Leutfried, Leu- 
fredus, or Leufroi, of 
Evreux 

Ab. 738 (June 21). A child or 
children near him. {Cahier.) 
Fountain springing imder his 
staff. {Ibid.) Butler, Usuardus, 
Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Leuthiern of 
Cornwall and Brittany 

6th cent. (Oct. 17). A disciple 
of St. Ruadan of Lothra (April 
15), said to have died at St. 
Ludgran, in Cornwall, whence 
his reUcs were translated to 
Brittany in the 6th century, and, 
with those of St. Levan, to Paris, 
in 965. Mabillon, Bollandists. 

St. Leutwin of Trier 

(Sept. 29). Archbishop of 
Treves. 

St. Levan, or Levian, 
of Treguier 

B.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 17). A 
native of Cornwall who emi- 
grated to Brittany, where he 
was consecrated Bishop. His 
cell was at Trezardac, near 
Treguier, and he is invoked in 
Brittany on behalf of deformed 
children. Bollandists (on above 
date) ; in The Memorials of 
British Piety (on Dec. 24) ; in 
Brittany (on Sept. 12). 

St. Levan 

M. (Oct. 27). A companion of 
St. la, q.v. Murdered by pagan 

75 



Saxons. A spring and baptistry 
are dedicated to him at Land's 
End. 

St. Lewinna, or Lewine, 

of Sussex 

V.M. 7th cent. (July 24). A 
British maiden martyred by the 
Saxons. Her relics were trans- 
lated, in 1058, from Seaford, 
in Sussex, to St. Winoc's Abbey 
at Berghe, in Flanders. Butler, 
Solier, Alford. 

St. Liafdag of 
Denmark 

M. c. 980 (Feb. 3). Bishop of 
Ripe. 

St. Liafwin. See 
St. Livinus 

(Nov. 12). 

St. Libentius of 
Oldenburg 

d. 1013 (Jan 4). An Archbishop 
of Bremen. 

St. Liberata. See 
St. Wilgefortis 

(July 20). 

St. Liberatus of Africa, 
Ab., and Companions 

MM. 483 (Aug. 17). The abbot 
and six monks of a monastery 
at Capsa in Byzacene martyred 
in the Arian persecution under 
Himeric. After imprisonment 
in chains they were set afloat 
in a fire-ship, but, the vessel 
failing to bum, were brought 
ashore and beaten to death with 
clubs. Ado, N other, Rom. Mart. 

St. Liberatus the 
Physician of Africa, and 
Companions 

MM. c. 484 (Mar. 23). A phy- 
sician of Carthage exiled with 
his wife during the Arian per- 
secution under Huneric. Victor 
of Utica, Rom. Mart. 

St. Liberius 

Pope. 366 (Sept. 23). Successor 
to Pope Justius I. Banished 
to Thrace for refusing to con- 
demn St. Athanasius at the 
request of the Arian Emperor, 
Constantius, he later lapsed 
into Arianism and was recalled 
to Rome. Wandelbert, Athana- 
sius, Theodoret, Sozomen, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Liberius of Ravenna 

B. c. 206 (Dec. 30). Successor 
to St. Datus as Bishop of 
Ravenna. Three bishops of 
this name are venerated at 
Raveima as saints. St. Liberius 

II. died in 351 and St. Liberius 

III. c. 37^. One or more of 
the three is commemorated at 
Ravenna on April 29. Rom, 
Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Liborius of Le 
Mans 

B. 397 (July 23). Small stones 
on a book. (Chris. Kunst.) 
A peacock. [Ibid.) Butler, 
Tillemont, Fleury. 

St. Licinius of Angers 

B.C. Count of Anjou. c. 618 
(Feb. 13). Cup with serpent 
above it. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Bollandus, Usuardus, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

Bl. Lidwyna of 
Schiedam 

V. 1433 (Apr. 14). Receiving a 
lily on a branch in blossom 
from an angel. (Old engraving ; 
Cahier.) Butler, Thomas d 
Kempis, Papebroke, Molanus, 
Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Liebert of Flanders 

M. 835 (July 14). Bom at 
Mechlin, he entered the mon- 
astery of St. Rumbold, of which 
he became Abbot. He was 
murdered in the Norman in- 
vasion, at the altar of St. Tron, 
whe^e his reUcs are preserved. 
Life of St. Rumbold, Belg. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Liefard, or Lifard, of 
Orleans 

Ab. 6th cent. (June 3). With 
hook and crutch-shaped stick 
piercing dragon at his feet. 
(XIV. cent, window, Chartres.) 

St. Lienus. See St. Leo 

(Nov. 12). 

St. Lietbert, or Liebert, 
of Cambrai 

B. 1076 (June 23). Succeeded 
his uncle, Gerard, as Bishop of 
Cambrai. A Life by Rudolph 
of Cambrai, Belg. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Lieu. See St. Lupus 

(July 29). 

St. Linus 

Pope. M. c. 67 (Sept. 23 
and Nov. 26). Accordmg to 
Irenaeus, was the first Bishop of 
Rome and direct successor to 
St. Peter. Usuardus, Bede, 
Wandelbert, Rom. Mart. 

St. Lioba of Germany 

Abs. c. 779 (Sept. 28). A con- 
nection by blood of St. Boni- 
face, she was bom at Wimbome, 
where she entered the mon- 
astery. On emigrating to 
Germany she was settled by St. 
Boniface in a monastery at Bis- 
choffsheim, where she was held 
in hi^h esteem by King Pepin 
and his son Charlemagne. But- 
ler, Hrabanus, Mabillon, Rom., 
Ger. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Litteus 

M. Companion of St. Nemesi- 
anus (Sept. 10), g.v. 



St. Liuthard of Senlis 

B.C. c. 680 (Feb. 24). Chaplain 
to Bertha, wife of St. Ethelbert, 
K. of Kent, he officiated at St. 
Martin's Church, Canterbury, 
where he died. Life of St. 
Ethelbert, Butler, Bede, Wm. of 
Malmesbury. 

St. Livinus, or Lieven, 
of Ghent 

B.M. 657 (Nov. 12). Holding 
his tongue in pincers. (Cope, 
Ghent Cath.) Holding pincers. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Hands 
and feet cut off. (Passionael.) 
Striking on a fountain with his 
crosier. (Cahier.) Children round 
him. (Ibid.) His tongue thrown 
to dogs. (Ibid.) Rom. and 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Livrade. See 
St. Wilffefortis 

(July 20). 

St. Lo, or Laudus, of 
Coutances (Normandy) 

B. c. 568 (Sept. 21 and 22). 
Fiery dove over his head at 
mass. (Cahier.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Lolan of Rome 

B.C. 5th cent. (Sept. 22). A 
nephew of St. Serf, bom in 
Palestine, he came to Rome 
and was appointed doorkeeper 
of the Roman Church. Aberdeen 
Breviary, Scot. Marts. 

St. Lolan of Scotland 

1039 (Sept. 22). A counsellor 
of K. Duncan, by whose advice 
the Danes were defeated at 
Kinghom and Culross. David 
Camerarius. 

SS. Loman and Fort- 
chem, of Ireland 

BB. 433 (Feb. 17 and Oct. 11). 
St. Loman is described as a 
nephew of St. Patrick. First 
Bishop of Trim, co. Meath, he 
baptized St. Fortchem, who 
succeeded him in the bishopric. 
Butler, Jocelin, Colgan, Usher. 

St. Lomer. See 
St. Launomar 

(Jan. 19). 

St. Longinus of 
Jerusalem 

M. ist cent. (Mar. 15). On 
horseback, helmeted, with long 
spear. (XV. cent, window. Fair- 
ford.) Soldier with spear. 
(Roodscreen, Suffield ; Mantua, 
And. Mantagua ; Statue, St. 
Peter's, Rome.) Spear in one 
hand ; pointing to his eye with 
the other. {Window, St. Peter's 
Mancroft, Norwich.) Dragon at 
his feet. (Ikon.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Loo. See St. Eligius 

(Dec. i), 

76 



St. Louis of France 

K.C. 1270 (Aug. 25). Holding 
crown of thorns and cross. 
(Font, Stalham.) Three nails 
in his right hand, standard of 
the cross in his left. (Callot.) 
Crown of thorns encircling three 
nails, and holding two sceptres. 
(Tab. de la Croix.) Dove over 
his head ; Ulies of France. 
(Roodscreen, Foxley.) Crown of 
thoms, nails and sword. 
(Madrid Gal., C. Coello.) Cross 
in right hand, cloth or veil in 
Mt.' (Roodscreen, Gately.) Royal 
mantle, green, ermine cape ; 
three nails and spear-head in 
right hand, pilgnm's staff in 
left. (Roodscreen, Suffield.) On 
horseback in armour ; shield 
and standard charged with 
fleurs-de-lis. (Window, Chartres 
Cath.) Crowned, bearing a 
sceptre with a lUy and giving 
alms. (Flos Sanctorum.) Pil- 
grim's staff. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Cross upon his sleeve. (Die 
Heiligenbild.) Entertaining poor 
at table. (Burgmaier.) Ibid., 
and washing their feet. (Der 
Heyl.Leb.) Holdingtwo sceptres, 
one terminating with a hand in 
attitude of benediction. (XV. 
cent. window, Kunstgewerbe 
Museum, Berlin.) In blue robe, 
seme e de Us. As the last , holding 
crown of thoms in right hand, 
hand-headed sceptre in left. 
(Window, St. Martin-es-Vignes, 
Troyes.) {Window, Le Mans.) 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Louis of Toulouse 

B. 1297 (Aug. 19). Friar hold- 
ing a chasuble, beggar kneeling 
before him. (Callot.) Washing 
the feet of the poor. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Franciscan bishop in 
cope with fleurs-de-lis, crown 
at his feet. (Louvre, C. Roselli, 
Turin Gal., M. d'Alladio.) 
Three crowns at his feet. (Ikon.) 
Holding a flower. (Weyen.) 
Holding a board with the letters 
I.N. R.I. (Burgmaier.) Francis- 
can^habit under a cope ; crosier 
and book. (Window, Aargau 
Ch.) Butler, Fleury, Pinius 
the Bollandist, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Louis Bertrand of 
Valencia 

C. 1581 (Oct. 9). Dominican, 
holding in one hand a cup with 
a serpent issuing from it and a 
crucifix in the other ; two angels 
standing before him, one with 
an open book, the other with 
three loaves on a dish. (Old 
engraving.) Holding a pistol 
with a crucifix instead of a 
barrel. (Cahier.) Butler, Ton- 
ron, Rom. Mart. 

St. Louis Gonzaga. See 
St. Aloysius 

(June 21). 



Bl. Louis Morbioli 

C. 1485 (n.d.) Banner with 
crucifix on it. (Cahier.) 

St. Loye. See 
St. Eligius 

(Dec. I). 

St. Luaid, or Luanus. 

See St. Molua 

(Aug. 4). 

St. Lubentius of Cobern 

P.C. 4th cent. (Oct. 13). Bap- 
tized and adopted, when a cliild, 
by St. Martin of Tours, and 
ordained priest by St. Maxi- 
minus. According to his Life 
in the Amstein Passionale he 
was sent by St. Paulinus to 
fetch the body of St. Maxi- 
minus from Aquitaine, and on 
his;,death his body, set afloat 
on the Rhine, ascended the river 
to Dietkirchen, where his rehcs 
are preserved. Venerated at 
Treves. Amstein Passionale. 

St. Lubin of Chartres 

B. 587 (Mar 14). Administering 
extreme unction to a saint. 
{Statuary, Chartres Cath,) As a 
shepherd. Drivinga cart through 
a ford. {Window, Chart.) 
Gall. Mart., his translation in 
the Rom. Mart, (on Sept. 15). 

St. Lucanus 

M. N.D. (Oct. 30). Holding his 
head cut off. {Weyen.) Hang- 
ing his mantle on a sunbeam. 
{Cahier.) 

SS. Luceja, V., and 
Aucejas, of Rome 

MM. 301 (June 25). St. Luceja, 
a Christian maiden, is said to 
have been carried away from 
Rome in one of the incursions 
of the Alemanni. She succeeded 
in converting her captor, 
Aucejas, who aiter twenty years 
returned with her to Rome, 
where both were arrested by 
order of the Prefect Aemilius 
and decapitated for their faith. 
Ado, Usuardus, Hrabanus, Rom. 
Mart. 

SS. Lucia, W., and 
Greminianus of Rome 

MM. c. 304 (Sept. 16). St. 
Lucia, a patrician widow, was 
denounced by her own son, 
Euprepius, during the Diocletian 
persecution. St. Geminianus, 
a pagan, converted by her con- 
stancy under torture, is com- 
memorated with her. Butler, 
Sticker the Bollandist, Sarum 
and York Kalendars, Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Lucian of Antioch 

B.M. 31a (Jan. 7). Consecrat- 
ing on his own breast, Ijang on 
potsherds in prison. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Lying on potsherds 
in prison. {Guefier.) His body, 
brought on shore by a dolphin. 



Saints and their Emblems 



{Cahier.) Chalice and Host. 
{Baring-Gould.) A dolphin at 
Ids side. {Ibid.) Butler, Eusebius, 
Rufinus, Tillemont, St. Jerome, 
Theodoret, Rom. Marts. 

St. Lucian of Beauvais 

B. 3rd cent. (Jan. 8). His head 
in his hands. {Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Bollandus, 
Bede, Ado, Notker, Rom. and 
Eng. Marts., etc. 

SS. Lucian and Marcian, 
of Nicomedia 

MM. 250 (Oct. 26). Two con- 
verts from idolatry racked, 
tortured and burnt to death 
under the proconsul Sabinus 
in the Decian persecution. But- 
ler, Ruinart,Tillemont, Usuardus, 
Hrabanus, Mod. Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Lucian 

M. Companion of St. Mac- 
robius (Sept. 13), q.v. 

St. Lucian 

M. Companion of St. Pere- 
grinus (July 7), q.v. 

St. Lucilla 

V.M. Companion and daughter 
of St. Nemesius (Oct. 31), q.v. 

St. Lucina of Rome 

Matr. 1st or 4th cent. (Jime 
30). Stated in the Rom. Mart, 
to have been a disciple of the 
apostles who ministered to them 
in prison and buried the martyrs, 
but another saint of the same 
name is mentioned in the Acts 
of SS. Sebastian and Marcellus 
as being baptized with the 
household of the prefect Nico- 
stratus and as finding and 
burjdng the body of St. 
Sebastian. Usuardus, Ado, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Lucius of Britain 

K.C. 2nd cent. (Dec. 3). Three 
sceptres tipped with crosses. 
{Lib. Cronicarum.) Idol falling 
from a broken column. {Burg- 
maier.) BuUer, Usher, A If or d, 
Baronius, Tillemont, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Lucius of Rome 

Pope. M. 253 (Mar. 4). Ban- 
ished by the Emperor Gullus 
immediately upon his succession 
to the Papal Chair, he later 
■ returned to Rome. The manner 
of his death is not stated, but 
his body, recovered from the 
catacombs, is now in the Church 
of St. Cecilia, at Rome. Butler, 
Eusebius, St. Cyprian, Tille- 
mont, Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Lucius 

M. Companion of St. Mon- 
tanus (Feb. 24), q.v. 

St. Lucius 

M. Companion of St. Nemesi- 
anus (Sept. 10), q.v. 

77 



St. Lucius 

M. Companion of St. Ptole- 
maeus (Oct. 19), q.v. 

St. Lucy of Bologna 

O.S.D. N.D. See St. Lucy 
of Syracuse, first emblem. 
{Husenbeth.) 

St. Lucy of Syracuse 

V.M. 303 Pec. 13). Her eyes 
in a dish or salver. {Bologna, 
Vitalis ; Titian; Dom Vene- 
ziano, Florence Gal.) This 
emblem is said to belong also 
to St. Lucy of Bologna. Eyes 
on a book. {Roodscreen, Eye.) 
Eyes on a shell. {Baring-Gould.) 
Presenting her eyes on a dish 
to the B.V. Mary ; a dagger 
in her hand. {Razzi, Turin Gal.) 
A skull with eyes. {Calendar 
of the Prayer Book.) Wound in 
her neck, poignard in hand. 
(C. Dolce, Florence Gal.) Rays 
of Ught issuing from wound in 
her neck. {Baring - Gould.) 
Standing in fire, a sword 
through her neck. {Lam-) 
brecht.) Sword through her 
neck. {Roodscreen, Heavitree.) 
Sword on her left shoulder. 
{Roodscreen, Eye.) In a caul- 
dron over a fire. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Cup and palm branch. 
{MS., Brit. Museum.) Holding 
a lamp. {Carotto.) Two oxen 
unable to drag her along. {Das 
Passionael.) Holding three 
crowns. (Weyen.) Tormented 
by devils. {Husenbeth.) With 
pincers. {Ibid.) Kneeling at 
the tomb of St. Agatha, who 
appears to her. {Cahier.) All 
Marts. 

St. Lucy of Verdun 

V. 1090 (Sept. 19). Holding a 
dagger. {Window, St. Stephen's, 
Norwich.) Butler, Dempster, 
Camerarius, Lahier, etc. 

St. Ludger of Miinster 

B. Apostle of Saxony. 805 
(Mar. 26). Sajdng his breviary. 
(Ikon.) A swan. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) A church in his hand. 
{Ibid.) Butler, Mabillon, Surius, 
Bollandus, Usuardus, Rom., 
Treves and Bene. Marts. 

St. Ludmilla of 
Bohemia 

W.M. 927 (Sept. 16). Veil in 
her hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Strangled with veil. {St. 
Laurence Ch., Nuremberg.) 
Ferrarius, Greven, Canisius. 

St. Ludolf of 
Mecklenburg 

M. 120 1 (Mar. 29). Bishop of 
Ratzeburg. 

St. Ludwig of Swabia 

Ch.M. 1429 (Apr. 30). A Swiss 
child said to have suffered ritual 
murder by Jews. His relics 
are in the Church of St. Vitus, 
Ravensburg. Chronicles of 
Oeningen and Ravensburg. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Lugidas. 8e,e 
St. Molua 

(Aug. 4). 

St. Luglian of 
Montdidier 

M. Companion of St. Luglius 
of Lillers (Oct. 23), q.v. 

St. Luglus of Lillers 

B.M. c. 800 (Oct. 23). Holding 
model of a house in flames. 
(Ca/sj'er.) 

St. Luican of Ireland 

C. (July 27). Titular saint of 
the parish of Kill-luicain. 
Butler. 

St. Luidhard. See 
St. Liuthard 

(Feb. 24). 

St. Luke the Evangelist 

ist cent. (Oct. 18). A winged 
ox beside him. An ox lying 
near him. (Roodscreen, East 
Ruston.) Painting a portrait 
of the B.V. Mary. (Raphael, 
Rome ; J. van Eyk, Munich ; 
Rizzi, Aguado Gal., etc.) By 
a sick man in bed. [Pulpit, 
Botzen.) Holding a picture of 
the B.V. Mary. [Attrih. der 
Heil.) With painting materials. 
[Ikon.) As a physician. [Mol- 
anus.) All Martyrologies. 

St. Luke of Demena 

Ab. 993 (Oct. 13). Expelhng 
an army of Arabs. (Cahier.) 

St. Luke 

Dn.M. Companion of St. 
Pauhnus (July 12), q.v. 

St. Lullus, or Lullon, of 
Mainz 

Abp. 786 (Oct. 16). Of EngUsh 
birth, and a cousin to St. Boni- 
face, he was educated at Mahnes- 
bury Abbey. On being made 
deacon he went to Germany to 
act as archdeacon to St. Boni- 
face, whom he succeeded on 
his resignation from the arch- 
bishopric. Butler, Mahillon, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Luman. See 
St. Loman 

(Feb. 17). 

St. Lunaire. See 
St. Leonorius 

(July I)- 
St. Luperculus, or 
Lupercus, of Tarbes 

3rd cent. (June 28). Popularly 
believed to have been a bishop 
at Eauze martyred in the 
Decian persecution, but it is 
difficult to separate him from 
the St. Luperculus who was 
decapitated, with eighteen com- 
panions, at Saragossa by Decian 
the Governor under Diocletian 
c. 304. It is possible that 



they are the same saints who 
may have preached at Eauze 
(anciently Elusa) and thence 
journeyed into Spain to his 
mart5T:dom. Gall. Marts. Com- 
memorated at Tarbes on Mar. 5. 

St. Lupercus of 
Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

SS. Luperius (6th cent.) 
and Luperius II. (c. 800) 
of Venetia 

(Dec. 2). Bishops of Verona. 

St. Lupicinus of 
Condate 

Ab. c. 480. Brother and com- 
panion of St. Romanus (Feb. 28) , 
q.v. 

St. Lupicinus of 
Venetia 

6th cent. (May 31). Bishop of 
Verona. 

St, Lupo of Bergamo, 
and Companions 

MM. c. 300 (Sept. 4) Wearing 
a royal crown. (Salmeggia.Brera, 
Milan.) 

St. Lupus of Chalons- 
sur-Saone 

B. c. 610 (Jan. 27). Canonised 
by Pope John VIII. in 890. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Lupus of Sens 

Abp. 623 (Sept. i). A diamond 
falling in his chahce at Mass. 
(C allot.) A writing from heaven 
falling near him at Mass. 
(Cahier.) Finding a buried 
treasure. (Ibid.) Church in hand. 
(Ibid.) At an altar, giving a dia- 
mond to K. Clotaire. (Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Extinguishing a fire by his 
prayers. (Gueffier^ A wagon 
at his door, laden with wine 
obtained by prayer. (Passionael.) 
Cup in hand containing a 
diamond. (Ikon.) Butler, Ado, 
Usuardus, Surius, Velde the 
Bollandisf, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Lupus of Toulouse 

6th cent. (Sept. 25). Bishop 
of Lyons. 

St. Lupus of Troves 

B- 479 (July 29). Protecting 
the city of Troyes against 
Attila. (Gueffier.) Bede, Hra- 
banus, Rom. and Gall Marts. 

St. Lutgardis of 
Flanders 

V. 1246 (June 16). Cistercian 
nun, blind. (Ikon.) Arm of a 
crucifix extended towards her. 
(Old engraving.) Our Saviour 
with woimd in His side appear- 
ing to her. (Gueffier.) Thurible 
near her. (Cahier.) 

78 



St. Luxorius ot 
Sardinia, and Com- 
panions 

MM. 303 (Aug. 21). A soldier 
and two boys scourged and 
beheaded at Forumtrajenois by 
order of the prefect Dahnatius 
in the Diocletian persecution. 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Lycerius of Lacerda 

6th cent. (Aug. 27). , Bishop of 
Conserans. 

St. LydiaofPhilippi 

ist cent. (Aug. 3). The first 
European convert of St. Paul. 
The Acts of the Apostles, xvi. 
and Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Lydia 

M. Wife of St. Philetus (Mar. 
27), q.v. 

St. Lydwid. See 
St. Lidwyna 

(Apr. 14). 

St. Mabena, or Mabyn, 
of Cornwall 

V. Abs. (n.d.) Sister of St. 
Morwenna. Crowned, holding 
palm and hook. (XV. cent, 
window, St. Neots.) 

St. Macarius of 
Alexandria 

M. 250 Pec. 8). A Libs^an 
burnt to death in the Decian 
persecution. Usuardus, St. 
Dionysius of Alexandria, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Macarius the 
Younger, of Alexandria 

394 (Jan. 2). A lamp or lantern 
near him. (Ikon.) Fhes sting- 
ing him in the desert. (Das 
Passional.) Driving away the 
devil with a cross. (Colum. 
milit. Eccl.) WaUet (of sand) 
on his shoulders. (Cahier.) 
Vial of oil at his girdle. (Ibid.) 
Naked but for a girdle of ivy 
leaves. (Predella , Fra A ngelico. ) 
Touching a skull with his stcifE. 
(Campo Santo, Pisa.) Hyena 
and young beside him. (Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Rufinus, Tille- 
mont, Bollandus, Life of St. 
Palladius, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Macarius (the 
Egyptian) of Alexandria 

Ab. 391 (Jan. 15). When a 
monk, being falsely accused 
by a woman who afterwards 
confessed him innocent, he 
became revered as a saint and 
became a recluse in the desert 
of Scet6 to escape from popular 
esteem. Here he became 
a friend of St. Macarius the 
Yoimger, with whom he was 
exiled by Lucian, the Arian 
bishop of Alexandria under the 
Emperor Valens. Rufinus, Sozo- 
men, Socrates, Cassian, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Macarius of Antioch 

B.C. I0I2 (Apr. lo). His 
mitre or crosier on the ground. 
{Gueffier.) Holding a heart 
surmounted by three nails, 
(Cahier.) Molanus, Raderius, 
Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Macarius of 
Jerusalem 

B. c. 335 (Mar. lo). Created 
Bishop of Jerusalem, a.d. 314, 
he attended the Nicene Council, 
where he opposed the Arian 
doctrine. Eusebius, Theodoret, 
Socrates, Rom. Mart. 

St. Macarius of Palestine 

B. c. 350 (Jime 20). Mentioned 
in a letter from St. Athanasius 
to the solitaries of Egypt. He 
was Bishop of Petra. Rom. Mart. 

St. Macarius of Rome 

H. N.D. Two Hons digging his 
grave. {Chris. Kunst.) In a 
lion's den. (T bosch der 
Eremyten.) 

St. Macarius 

M. Companion of St. Eudoxius 
(Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Macarius 

M. Companion of St. Sjmi- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Maccai of Scotland 

Ab. 5th cent (Apr. 11). A 
disciple of St. Patrick, who 
flourished in the Isle of Bute. 
Butler, Lesley. 

St. Maccail of Ireland 

B. 490 (Apr. 25). When at 
Usny Hill, Westmeath, he re- 
ceived the profession and gave 
the veil to St. Bridget and her 
companions. 

St. Maccald of the Isle 
of Man 

B. 498 (Apr. 25). An Irish 
freebooter converted by St. 
Patrick. He is said to have 
been represented in a cock- 
boat with a blazing star over 
his head, in the ancient arms 
of the see of Sodor and Man. 
Butler, Colgan, Celt. Mart. 

St. Maccallin of Namur 

Ab. 978 (Oct. 6). An Irishman 
who crossed over to Boulogne 
with St. Cadroe in 945. He 
first became Abbot of a St. 
Michael's Abbey in Hainault 
and later founded and became 
Abbot of Waulsort, between 
Dinant and Givet. Colgan, 
Frodoard, Life of St. Cadroe. 

St. Maccallin of 
Scotland 

c. 497 (Sept. 6). Bishop of Lusk. 
Donegal Mart., MS. Acts, Trin. 
Coll., Dublin. 

St. Maccarthen of 
Ireland 

C. 506 (Mar. 24 and Aug. 15). 
An early disciple of St. Patrick, 



by whom he was made Bishop 
of Clogher. Butler, Colgan, 
Usher, Ware, Kalendar of 
Cashel, Donegal, TaUaght and 
other Celt. Marts. 

St. Macedo 

M. Son of SS. Philetus and 
Lydia (Mar. 27), q.v. 

SS. Macedonius, Theo- 
dulus and Companions, 
of Phrygia 

MM. 363 (Sept. 12). Burnt 
on a gridiron. (Callot.) Soc- 
rates, Sozomen, Gk. Men., Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Macedonius of Syria 

H. Early 5th cent. (Jan. 24). 
A hermit noted for his austerty. 
By his representations, through 
Eleutherius, Chamberlain to the 
Emperor Theodosius, the city 
of Antioch was spared, after 
the Emperor had condemned it 
to be burnt and laid waste. But- 
ler, St. Chrysostom, Theodoret, 
Gk. Men. 

St. Machar, or Macker, 
of Scotland 

B. 6th cent. (Nov. 13). Son 
of Fiachna, prince of Ulster, 
he was baptized by St. Colman. 
and ordained Bishop by St. 
Colimiba, who sent him on a 
mission to the Picts, and whom 
he afterwards accompanied, 
when exiled from Ireland, by the 
Synod of Teilte. David Camer- 
arius, Dempster, Adam King, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Machutus. See 
St. Maclovius 

(Nov. 15). 

St. Mackessoge. See 
St. Kessoge 

(Mar. 10). 

St. Maclovius, or Maclu, 
of Brittany 

B.C. c. 627 (Nov. 15). Child 
at his feet. {Old Sarum Missal.) 
Curing a blind nobleman. 
{Cahier.) Child floating on a 
sod on the water. {Ibid.) Butler, 
Colgan, Usher; Sarum, York 
and Hereford Kalendar s ; Rom., 
Bene, and Gall. Marts. 

St. Macnisius, or 
Macniss, of Ireland 

513 (Sept. 3). A disciple of 
St. Olcan (Feb. 20) and first 
Bishop of Connor. Butler, 
Colgan, Ware, Welde the Bol- 
landist ,' Celt. Maris. 

St. Macra 

V.M. 303 (Jan. 6). Pincers or 
shears. {Ikon.) Holding her 
excised breast on a book. 
{Baring-Gould.) Breasts on a 
plate. {Ibid.) Bollandus, 
Rheims Breviary ; Rom. and 
Ger. Marts. 

79 



St. Macrina the 
Elder 

c. 312 (Jan. 14). Grandmother 
of St. Gregory Nyssen and St. 
Basil the Great. Two stags 
near her. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
St. Gregory Nazianzen's Life of 
St. Basil. 

St. Macrina the 
Younger 

V. 379 (July 19). Eldest child 
of St. Basil the Elder and St. 
Emmeha, the sister of St. Basil 
the Great. St. Gregory Nyssen, 
Bosch the Bollandist ; Gk. Men., 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Macrobius and 
Companions, of Pontus 

MM. c. 323 (Sept. 13). Were 
probably soldiers banished by 
Licinius to Tomi, in Pontus, 
where they sufiered by the 
sword, except St. Gordian, who 
was burnt, and St. Valerian, 
who was murdered whilst pray- 
ing over the bodies of his com- 
panions. Jerome, Hrabanus, 
Greek Menologies, Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Madelberta of 
Maubeuge 

V. Abs. c. 705 (Sept. 7). Devil 
tempting her at her prayers. 
{Burgmaier.) Belg. and Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Madelgisilus. See 
St. Maguil 

(May 30). 

St. Madern, Maden or 
Madron, of Cornwall 

H. N.D. (May 17). Patron of 
one or possibly two parishes in 
the diocese of St. Malo and of a 
chapel and well near the Land's 
End, this last famous for the 
cures wrought upon cripples, 
one of which Bishop HaU of 
Exeter attests in his last visita- 
tion, in 1641. Butler, Lobineau. 

St. Madir. See 
St. Emeterius 

(Mar. 3). 

St. Mael and Com- 
panions, of Ireland 

BB. 5th cent. (Feb. 6). Four 
brothers, said to have been 
nephews of St. Patrick. St. 
Mael was Bishop of Ardagh ; 
St. Melchus, his coadjutor ; St. 
Munis founded the church of 
Forgney, Longford, and St. 
Rioch a monastery on the island 
of Inishbojin in Lough Ree. 
Colgan, Jocelyn's Life of St. 
Patrick, Sarum Mart, and Irish 
Kalendar. 

St. Maelor. See 
St. Maglorious 

(Oct. 24). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Maelrubha, or 
Mulrew, of Abercrossan 

Mk. M. 722 (Apr. 21 and Aug. 
27). Of Irish royal blood, he 
entered the monastery of 
Bauchor under St. Comgall, 
and later founded Apurcrossan, 
in Meams, where, according to 
the Irish accounts he died a 
natural death. The Scottish 
narrative, however, describes 
him as being murdered by the 
Northmen. Colgan, Aberdeen 
Breviary ; Celt, and Scot. Marts. 

St. Maen of Brittany 

Ab. c. 550 (June 21). A nephew 
of St. Sampson of Dol and abbot 
of a monastery at Gael, where 
he received the Armorican 
prince, Juthael, when he was 
sent prisoner to K. Childebert, 
Menardus, Saussaye, Lohineau, 
Dol and St. Malo Kalendars. 

The Magi 

SS. Balthazar, Gaspar and 
Melchior, q.v. 

St. Maglorius of Dol 

B.C. c. 575 (Oct. 24). Giving 
the Holy Communion to an 
angel. (Weyen.) Mitre resigned. 
{Gueffier.) Communicated by an 
angel. (Cahier.) Butler, Lobin- 
eau, Baillet, New Paris Breviary, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Magneric of Trier 

c. 596 (July 25). A disciple of 
St Nicetius (Dec. 5), whom he 
succeeded as Archbishop of 
Treves. 

St. Maguil of Picardy 

H. c. 685 (May 30). An Irish 
companion of St. Fursey, with 
whom he journeyed into France. 
He Uved and died a recluse in 
the district of Monstrelet, and 
his remans were translated into 
the church bearing his name 
near St. Riquier. Butler, 
Henschenius, Mabillon, Pape- 
broke. 

St. Magnoald, or 
Magnus, of Suabia 

Ab. c. 655 (Sept. 6). Transfixing 
a dragon with his pastoral staff. 
{Baring-Gould.) Notker, Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Magnobod of Angers 

B. c. 670 (Oct. 16). Son of a 
noble at the Court oi^Clothair II., 
he was educated under St. 
Licinius, who sent him to Rome 
to fetch some reUcs of St. John 
the Baptist. Shortly after his 
return he was elected Bishop, 
on the death of St. Licinius. 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Magnus of Italy 

B.M. 666 (Jan. i). Crosier, 
reptiles and monsters at his 
feet. {Bavaria Pia.) Martyred 
by sword and club. {Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Surroimded by serpents 
and wild beasts. {Ikon.) Boy 



keeping sheep. {Die Heili- 
genbild.) Angel giving him gold. 
{Ibid.) 

St. Magnus of Milan 

B. 660 (Nov. 5). Building 
churches. {Cat. Sand.) Hold- 
ing model of a church. {Cahier.) 

St. Magnus of the 
Orkneys 

B.M. 1104 (Apr. 16). Son of 
Erlendr, Earl of Orkney, and 
Thora, his wife. He was slain 
by pagan Norwegians under 
Hakon, in the reign of Duncan, 
K. of Scotland. Butler, Lesley, 
Hunter, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Magnus of Venetia 

c. 960 (Oct. 6). Bishop of 
Oderzo. 

St. Mahanes 

M. Companion of St. Sapor 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

St. Maharsapor 

M. 421 (Nov. 27). A Persian 
prince tortured, imprisoned and 
starved to death in the persecu- 
tion of Isdegerdes. Butler. 

St. Maidoc. See 
St. Aidan 

(Jan. 31). 

St. Maidoc of Ireland 

B. d. 632 (Jan. 31). Bom in 
Connaught, he passed into 
Wales, where he lived imder 
the direction of St. David. Later, 
returning to Ireland, he founded 
a number of monasteries and 
churches, and died Bishop of 
Ferns. Butler, Usher, Colgan, 
Chatelain. 

St. Maidocus, or 
Maidoes. See St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Maieul, or Majolus, 
of Cluny 

Ab. 994 (May 11). Hand from 
heaven bringing him gold coins. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon, Rom. 
and Bene. Marts. 

St. Main 

Ab. N.D. (Jan. 15). A British 
bishop, founder of an abbey 
in Brittany, where he] died. 
Butler. 

St. Mainboeuf. See 
St. Magnobod 

(Oct. 16). 

St. Maire. See 
St. Marius 

(Jan. 27). 

St. Maixent. See 
St. Maxentius 

(June 26). 

St. Majoricus 

M. Son and companion of St, 
Dionysia (Dec. 6), q.v. 

SO 



St. Malachy of Armagh 

Abp. 1 148 (Nov. 3). Presenting 
an apple to a king, thereby re- 
storing his sight. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Instructing a king in a cell. 
{Gueffier.) Rom. Bene, and Celt. 
Marts. 

St. Malchion of Antioch 

p. c. 280 (Oct. 28). Chosen to 
conduct the discussion with 
Paul of Samosata at the coimcil 
called to consider his heresies. 
EusAius, St. Jerome, Gk. Men. 

St. Malchus 

M. 250 (July 27). One of the 
Seven Sleepers of Ephesus. 
An axe. {Musaeum Victorium, 
Rome.) Keeping flocks in the 
desert. {Cahier.) Butler, St. 
Gregory of Tours, Cuper, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Malchus of Lismore 

B. c. 1130 (Aug. 10 or Oct. 6). 
A monk of Winchester raised 
to the see of Lismore. St. 
Malachy was one of his disciples. 
Celt. Marts. 

St. Malchus of Syria 

Mk. Late 4th cent. (Oct. 21). 
A native of Maronia, taken 
prisoner by the Saracens, who 
deserted him in the desert. 
St. Jerome, Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Malchus 

M. Companion of St. Priscus 
(Mar. 28), q.v. 

St. Malkallin. See 
St. Maccallin 

(Oct. 6). 

St. Malo. See 
St. Maclovius 

(Nov. 15). 

St. Mamertinus 

C. 5th cent. Exhorting monks ; 
lying on a mat in his ceU. {Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Kneeling before St. 
Germanus. {Passionael.) 

St. Mamilian of Sicily 

B. 5th cent. (Sept. 15). Bishop 
of Palermo. 

St. Mammaea 

M. Companion of St. Marcellus 
(Aug. 27). q.v. 

St. Mammas of Caesarea 

M. c. 275 (Aug. 17). Wild 
beast licking Mm. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Doe near him. {Cahier.) Hold- 
ing his bowels in his hands. 
{Ibid.) Trident in his hand. 
(Ibid.) Butler, Sozomen, St. 
Gregory Nazianzen, Gk. Men., 
Russ. Mart. 

St. Mammertus of 
Vienne 

Abp. C. 477 (May 11). With 
lighted taper in a procession. 
{Old engraving.) Butler, Ceillier, 
Gall, and Rom. Marts, 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Manaccus or 
Mancus 

C. (Aug. 3). In episcopal vest- 
ments. {XV. cent, window, 
Si. Neois.) 

St. Manaen of Antioch 

Pt. c. 70 (May 24). Mentioned 
as a prophet or teacher with 
SS. Barnabas and Simeon. 
Acts xiii. 1, Rom. Mart. 

St. Mang or Magnus 

C. 660 Under a creib-tree, for- 
bidding a bear to touch the 
fruit. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Curing 
thebhnd. {Cahier. Passionael.) 

St. Mans. See 
St. Magnus 

(Apr. 16). 

St. Mansuetus of 
Lombardy 

Late 7th cent. (Feb. 19). Bishop 
of Milan. He was present at the 
Roman Sjmod held under St. 
Agatho in 680, and his reUcs 
are preserved in the Church of 
St. Stephen at Milan. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Mansuetus, or 
Mansuy, of Lorraine 

B.C. c. 375 (Sept. 3). Raising 
a young noble to life. (Bavaria 
Pia.) Bishop preaching to 
people. (Callot.) Trampling 
on a pagan figure, a young 
noble at his side. {His own 
tomb.) Calmet, Butler, Bollandus, 
Dempster, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Mansuetus 

B. Companion of St. Dona- 
tianus (Sept. 6), q.v. 

St. Mantius of Portugal 

M. 6th cent. (May 15). Said 
to have been murdered by the 
Jews at Evora for refusing to 
worship " false gods." The 
Acts are fabulous. Commemo- 
rated at Evora on May 21. 

St. Manuel, B., and 
Companions, of 
Chalcedon 

MM. 362 (June 17). Sword 
across his breast. (Arbor Past.) 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Manvaeus of 
Normandy 

c. 480 (May 28). Bishop of 
Bayeux. 

St. Maodhog. See 
St. Maidoc 

(Jan. 31). 

SS. Marana and Cyra, 
of Beraea 

RR. 5th cent. (Aug. 3)- In 
majitles and caputia, heavy 
chains on their shoulders. 
('Tbosch der Erem.) Theodoret, 
Menology of Basil, Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 



St. Marcella of 
Alexandria 

M. 202 Companion of St. 
Potamiana (June 28), q.v. 

St. Marcella of Rome 

W. 410 (Jan. 31). Styled 
by St. Jerome " the glory of 
the Roman ladies." She was 
scourged by the Goths under 
Alaric, and died in the arms of 
St. Principia. Butler, Baronius, 
Bollandus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Marcellianus 

M. Twin brother of St. Marcus 
(June 18), q.v. 

St. Marcellina of Milan 

V. 397 (July 17). Sister of St. 
Ambrose the Great. Small 
cross in her hand. (Cahier.) 
Butler, St. Ambrose, Cuper the 
Bollandist, Rom. Mart. 

St. Marcellinus of 
Auvergne 

(June 7). Bishop of Puy. 

St. Marcellinus of 
Carthage 

M. 413 (Apr. 6). A tribune, 
Secretary of State, and friend 
of St. Augustine, he was im- 
prisoned by the IDonatists and 
taken from prison by night 
and slain by the General 
Marinus. SS. Augustine and 
Jerome, Mart, of Salazar, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Marcellinus of 
Emilia 

346 (Oct. 5). Bishop of Ravenna. 

St. Marcellinus of Gaul 

B. 4th cent. (Apr. 20). Bishop 
of Embrun, he is said to have 
converted the last pagan in the 
city by a miracle. St. Gregory of 
Tours, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Marcellinus of Italy 

(Jan. 9). A Bishop of Ancona. 

St. Marcellinus of 
Picardy 

(Jan. 9). Episcopal vestments, 
crosier in his left hand. (Lady 
Chapel, Rouen Cath.) 

St. Marcellinus of Rome 

Pope. M. 304 (Apr. 26). Suc- 
ceeded St. Caius as Pope in 296, 
during the Diocletian persecu- 
tion. Though styled a martyr, 
the Tiberian Calendar puts him 
among those Popes who were 
not put to death for the faith. 
He is celebrated jointly with 
St. Anacletus, q.v. Butler, 
Usuardus, Hrabanus, Bede, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

SS. Marcellinus, P., and 
Peter, of Rome 

MM. c. 304 (June 2). In priestly 
habits, baptizing St. Paulina. 
(G. Gatti. Cremona.) Butler, 
Papebroke, Hrabanus, Maurus, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 
81 



St. Marcellus of the 
Acoemetes 

Ab. C. 488 (Dec. 29). A native 
of Apanaea, he became third 
abbot of the Acoemetan monas- 
tery at Constantinople founded 
by Alexander the Syrian. Butler, 
Surius, Bulteau, Helyot. 

St. Marcellus of 
Chalons-sur-Saone 

M. 179 (Sept. 4). Buried alive 
up to his waist. (Icon. Sanct.) 
Overturning a statue of Jupiter. 
(Weyen.) Butler, Wandelbert. 
Hrabanus, Ado, Notker, Gall, 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Marcellus of Leon 

M. c. 298 (Oct. 30). Taking 
off his centurion's belt. (Cahier/) 
Tom between two trees. (Ibid.) 
Butler, Usuardus, Baronius, 
Surius, Ruinart, Tillemont, Rom. 
and Spn. Marts. 

St. Marcellus of Paris 

B. 436 (Nov. i). Holding a 
dragon captive by his stole 
aroimd its neck. (Statuary, 
Chartres.) Window, St. Ouen, 
Rouen.) Butler, Surius, Usuar- 
dus, Gall, and Rom. Marts., etc. 

St. Marcellus of Rome 

Pope. M. d. 310 (Jan. 16). 
KneeKng in a stable. (Callot.) 
Ass and crib near him. (Ikon.) 
Butler, Bede, Ado, Notker, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Marcellus of Syria 

B.M. c. 389 (Aug. 14). Bishop 
of Apamoea, he was foremost 
in enforcing the edicts of Theo- 
dosius against paganism, and 
was burnt to death whilst 
destro3dng the temple of Aulone. 
Theodoret, Sozomen, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Marcellus of Yosges 

Late 6th cent. (Apr. 9). Bishop 
of St. Die. 

St. Marcellus and 
Apuleius, of Placentia 

MM. 1st cent. (Oct. 7). Possibly 
identical with Nicetas and 
Aquila, disciples of Simon 
Magas. till their conversion by 
St. Peter. But they' are prob- 
ably apocryphal. Sarum, York, 
Hereford and Durham Kalen- 
dars, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Marcellus, 
Mammaia and Com- 
panions, of Egypt 

MM. 303 (Aug. 27). A tribune, 
his wife and their two sons, 
martyred with thirteen com- 
panions by the governor Culei- 
anus in the Diocletian persecu- 
tion. After being ineffectually 
exposed to wild bears and fire, 
they were beheaded. St. Jerome, 
Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Marcellus 

M. Companion of St. Elpidus 
(Nov. i6), q.v. 

St. Marcellus 

Dn.M. Companion of St. 
Sabinus (Dec. 30), q.v. 

St. Marciaii of Con- 
stantinople 

P.C. c. 476 (Jan. 10). Bom at 
Constantinople of a Roman 
family, and related to the Im- 
perial house. In spite of his 
desire to live in humble retire- 
ment, he was ordained priest 
by AnatoUus the Archbishop, 
and later became treasurer to 
the Church of Constantinople. 
Butler, Sozomen, Tillemont, 
Surius, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Marcian and Com- 
panions, of Egypt 

MM. Early 4th cent. (June 5). 
Ten martyrs in the Diocletian 
persecution, exposed in a waUed 
pound tin they died of thirst. 
St. Jerome, Ado, Usuardus, 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Marcian of Emilia 

c. 127 (May 22). Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. Marcian of Sicily 

M. 3rd cent. (June 14). &shop 
of Syracuse. 

St. Marcian of Syria 

H.C. c. 387 (Nov. 2). With 
cattle, at his monastery. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Theodoret, 
Rom. Mart. 

St, Marcian 

M. Companion of St. Abundius 
(Sept. 16), q.v. 

St. Marcian 

M. Companion of St. Lucian 
(Oct. 26), q.v. 

St. Marcian 

M. Companion of St. Marcus 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Marcian 

M. Companion of St Nicander 
(June 17), q.v. 

St. Marciana of Tortosa 

V.M. c. 300 (Jan. 9). Tom by 
a wild bi^. {C allot.) Leopards 
and lions round her. (Ikon.) 
A leopard and an ox near her. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Bol- 
landus, Rom., Spn. and Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Marculf, or Marcou, 
of Normandy 

538 (May i). Touching the 
chin of a sick person afflicted 
with scrofula. (Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Usuardus, Marts, of 
Coutances and Evreux and other 
Gall. Marts. 

SS. Marcus and 
Marcellianus, of Rome 

MM. 286 (June 18). Twin 
brothers of noble Roman family, 



imprisoned and condemned to 
be beheaded by Chromatius, 
lieutenant of the Prefect of 
Rome. They escaped but were 
retaken, bound and nailed to 
a wooden post for a day, and 
then thrust through with lances. 
Butler, Tillemont, Baronius, all 
Latin Marts. 

SS. Marcus and Marcian, 
of Egypt 

MM. c. 304 (Oct. 4). Two 
brothers tortured to death in 
the Thebaid with a multitude 
of other Christians. Fleury, 
Eusebius, etc. 

St. Mard. 8ee 
St. Medard 

(June 8). 

St. Margaret of Antioch 

V.M. 4th cent. (July 20). 
Cross and book. QCV. cent, 
window, Wintringham.) Issuing 
from a dragon. [Lucas v. 
Ley den, Munich Gal.) A girdle 
in her hand or near her. 
[Cahier.) Piercing a dragon. 
[Roodscreens at Ranworth, N. 
Walsham, Filby, Lessingham / 
Font at Taverham and many 
other instances.) Trampling on 
a dragon. [East window, Exeter 
Cath.) Piercing a dragon with a 
long cross. [Roodscreen, West- 
hall.) As the last, and trampling 
on him. [Corporation seal, 
Lynn.) Dragon behind, lamb 
before her. [Arbor Past.) 
Dragon at her feet ; cross and 
palm. [Andrea del Sarto, Duomo, 
Pisa.) Dragon near her ; angel 
protecting her. [Pew, Brington.) 
Issuing from a dragon ; end of 
her robe in its mouth. [MS. 
Hours.) Dragon chained at her 
feet. [Ikon.) Keeping sheep. 
[Cahier.) All. Marts. 

St. Margaret " of 
England " of Auvergne 

V. d. c. 1150 (Feb. 3). Nun 
in prison. [Passionael.) Butler, 
Dom. Beaunier, her MS. Life 
at Clermont. 

Bl. Margaret of Castello 

V. N.D. lily and heart. [Ch. 
of St. Dominic, Perugia.) 

St. Margaret of 
Cortona 

Pen. 1297 (Feb. 22). In an 
ecstasy ; two angels supporting 
her ; Our Saviour appearing 
in glory. [Pitti Gal., Lanfranc.) 
Cross and instruments of the 
Passion. [Ikon.) Franciscan 
nun, a Httle dog at her feet. 
[Pitti Pal., Rome; Ch. of St. 
Salvatore in Lauro.) Contem- 
plating a corpse. [Baring- 
Gould.) A skull at her feet and 
a dog plucking at her robe. 
[Ibid.) Butler, Bollandus, 
Ferrarius. 

82 



St. Margaret of Roskilde 

M. 1176 (Oct. 25). Wife of 
Herlaug, a noble living at 
Ranesj5, in Zealand, she was 
found hanging from a beam 
and refused Christian burial 
as a suicide. Her husband 
being convicted of her murder, 
her body was exhumed and 
enshrined in Roskilde Cathedral. 
Danish Chronicles. 

St. Margaret of 
Scotland 

Q. 1093 (June 10). Holding 
a black cross. [Bonn. Cath.) 
The same, and visiting the sick. 
[Callot.) Sceptre and book. 
[Seal of Prior of Pluscardine.) 
Praying her husband Malcolm 
out of purgatory. [Cahier.) 
Butler, Fordun, Hearne ; Scot. 
Marts. 

Bl. Margaret Colonna 
of Rome 

V. 1284 (Dec. 30). Left an 
orphan when very young, she 
was persuaded by her brother, 
Giacomo Colonna, to enter a 
house of the Poor Clares. She 
afterwards accompanied her 
brother on a pious pilgrimage 
to the tombs of the apostles. 
Mod. Rom. Mart. Beatified 
in 1847. 

Bl. Margaret Mary 
Alacoque of Autun 

V. 1690 (Oct. 17). An inmate 
of the Convent of the Visitation 
at Paray-le-Monial, celebrated 
for her visions, on one of which 
the festival of the Sacred Heart 
was founded in 1765. She was 
beatified in 1864. Her own 
Memoirs and a Life by Plre 
Daniel. 

Bl. Margaret of 
Hungary 

V. p.S.D.) d. 1271 (Jan. 28). 
Stigmas, cross, hly, book ; 
crown at her feet. [Ch. of St. 
Dominic, Perugia.) Praying at 
night, a globe of fire over her 
head. [Cahier.) Butler, a Life 
by the Dominican Guerinus. 

Bl. Margaret of Louvain 

V.M. 1220 (Sept. 2). Servant 
to a citizen household in 
Louvain, she was stabbed and 
thrown into the River Dyle for 
refusing to join the murderers 
of her master and mistress. 
Butler, Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Maria 

M. Companion and sister of St. 
Bemard de Alzira (Aug. 21), q.v. 

St. Mariamne of 
Palestine 

V. 2nd cent. (Feb. 17). Sister 
of St. Philip the apostle, 
she was present with St. Bar- 
tholomew at his martyrdom at 



Saints and their Emblems 



Hierapolis and, after burying 
his body, accompanied St. 
Bartholomew into India. Gk. 
Mart. 

St. Marian and Com- 
panions, of Numidia 

MM. 259 (Apr. 30). St Marian 
hanging by thumbs, weight to 
his feet. (Calloii. Old engrav- 
ing.) Butler, their authentic 
Acts, Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Marianna of Peru 

V. 1645 (May 26). Also known 
as Bl. Marianna of Jesus, and 
the Lily of Quito, she devoted 
her hfe to self-mortification, 
living as a recluse in a chamber 
of her own house and becoming 
renowned for her sanctity. 
Many miracles are ascribed to 
her intercession. Beatified in 
1850. Rom. Mart. 

St. Marina of Bithynia 

V.R. c. 750 (June 18). In 
monk's habit, canying a child 
in her arms. {Fresco, Campo 
Santo, Pisa.) Nursing a child 
in a hermitage. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Drawing a wood cart 
to a monastery. (Ibid.) Kneel- 
ing at an open tomb, dove de- 
scending to her. (Der Hey I. Leb.) 
Butler and late Latin Marts. 
(on above date) ; Bollandus 
and Rom. Mart, (on July 17) ; 
Gk. Men. (on Feb. 12). 

St. Marina, See 
St. Margaret 

(July 20). 

SS. Marinus and 
Asterius of Caesarea 

MM. c. 272 (Mar. 3). St. Marinus 
being beheaded for the faith, 
Asterius, or Astyrius, a Roman 
senator present at his mar- 
tyrdom, carried away the body 
on his shoulders to give it 
decent burial, for which act, 
according to Rufinus, he too 
was beheaded. Butler, Ruinart, 
Rufinus, Eusebius. 

St. Marinus of Cilicia 

M. c. 304 (Aug. 8). An old man, 
brought before the Governor 
Lysias at Anazarbus, stripped, 
beaten and otherwise tortured 
before decapitation. Gk. Men. 
and Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Marinus of S. Marino 

Dn.C. c. late 4th cent. 
(Sept. 4). Mason's hammer and 
tools. (Christ. Kunst.) Two 
oxen near him. (Das Passional.) 
Bollandus, Wytford, Rom. Mart. 

St. Marinus of Rome 

M. 282 (Dec. 26). A senator, 
said to have been arrested, 
tortured, and finally decapi- 
tated by the prefect Marcian in 
the reign of Numerian. Usuar- 
dus, Ado, Notker, Wandelbert, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 



St, Marinus 

M. Companion of St. Januarius 
(July 10), q.v. 

St. Maris 

H- 555 (June 19). A cock near 
him. (Ikon.) 

St. Maris of Syria 

Ab. 5th cent. (Jan. 25). A 
recluse noted for the austerity 
of his life during thirty-seven 
years in one small damp cell, 
where he was visited by Theo- 
doret. Theodoret. 

St. Maris 

M. Husband and companion of 
St. Martha and father of SS. 
Audifax and Abachum (Jan. 19), 
q.v. 

St. Marius of Avenches 

B- 593 (Dec. 31). A historian 
of Burgundy between the years 
455 and 581, he was present at 
the Council of Macon with SS. 
Palladius of Saintes, Praetex- 
tatus of Rouen and Evantius of 
Vienne in 585. Gali. Mart. 

St, Marius of Dauphine 

Ab. 555 (Jan. 27). Abbot of 
Laval-Benois, now St. May in 
Dauphine, where he was buried 
until the demoUtionof the abbey, 
when his reUcs were translated 
to Forcalquier. Butler, Bol- 
landus. 

St. Mark the Evangelist 

M. 68 (Apr. 25). Winged lion 
at his side. (Roodscreen, E. Rus- 
ton and many other instances.) 
Seated, a fig-tree behind him. 
(Venice, A. Busati.) Strangled. 
(Primer 15 16. Cat. Sanct, 
Lambrecht.) In a cardinal's 
hat, extracting a thorn from a 
lion's foot. (Pulpit, Botzen.) 
Dragged by the neck. (Der 
Hey I. Leb.) All Marts. 

St. Mark of Athens 

H. 4th cent. (Mar. 29). Angel 
bringing him the B. Sacrament 
in a spoon. (Die Heiligenbild.) 
Wolf bringing him a ram's 
skin. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Mark of Jerusalem 

B.C. c. 150 (Oct. 22). Made 
Bishop of Jerusalem by the 
Romans after the destruction 
of the city, he was the first 
Gentile occupant of the see. 
Butler, Usuardus, Ado, Notker, 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Mark of Lucera 

B. c. 328 (June 14). A native 
of Aecana in Apulia, he was 
summoned before John, Bishop 
of Lucera, to answer a charge 
of immorality, but cleared him- 
self, and later succeeded John as 
Bishop. Venerated at Bojano, 
Beneventum and Lucera. 

St. Mark of Rome 

Pope. C. 336 (Oct. 7). 
Messengers bringing him a silver 

88 



chahce and paten from the 
Emperor Constantine. (Pas- 
sionael.) Butler, Baronius, 
Bosius, all Marts. 

SS. Mark, B., and Cyril, 
Dn., of Syria 

MM. 362 (Mar. 29). St. Mark, 
Bishop of Arethusa, after 
being cruelly tortured for de- 
stroying a pagan temple, was 
set free that he might not enjoy 
the martyrdom he desired. St. 
Cyril, a deacon of HeUopolis, 
was killed, and afterwards muti- 
lated, for pulling down idols. 
Butler, Gk. Menologies (St. Mark 
only). Mod. Rom. Mart. (St. 
Cyril only). Bollandus, Theo- 
doret, Socrates, St. Gregory 
Nazianzen (both saints.) 

St. Marnan of Scotland 

B.C. 620 (Mar. 2). Tutor to the 
Northumbrian princes Oswald 
and Oswy, and titular saint of 
the Church of Aberkurdure. He 
died at Annandcile. Butter, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Marnanus 

Mk. Companion of St. la 
(Oct. 27), q.v. 

St. Marnock of 
Kilmarnock 

B.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 25). A 
disciple of St. Brendan, who 
died at KUmamock. Life of 
St. Brendan, Scottish Kalendars, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Maro and Com- 
panions, of Italy 

MM. Late ist cent. (Apr. 15). 
Exiled for the faith to the 
island of Ponza, they were 
released by the Emperor Nerva, 
but suffered martyrdom under 
Trajan, St. Maro being crushed 
under a rock at Teramo ; St. 
Victorinus suspended in the 
sulphur fumes from Lake 
Cotylia, and St. Eutyches put 
to the sword. Mod. Rom. Mart. 
(on above date) ; Usuardus and 
Ado give St. Victorinus on 
Sept. 5. 

St. Maro of Syria 

H.Ab. 433 (Feb. 14). Attaming 
great sanctity as a recluse, 
he was ordained priest in 405. 
The monastery of St. Maro, in 
the diocese of Apamaea, was 
built over his tomb. Butler, 
Theodoret, Tillemont, etc. 

St. Marrow. See 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Mars 

Tempted by the devil disguised 
as a woman. (XV. cent, window, 
Riom Cath.) 

St. Martha of Astorga 

V.M. 240 (Feb. 23). Her hands 
chopped off. (Old engraving.) 
Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Martha of Bethany 

V. ist cent. (July 29). Holding 
asperge and Holy Water vessel, 
a dragon behind her. (ZF7. 
cent, windows at St. Mary's, 
Shrewsbury and Montmorency.) 
Holding a ladle, keys at her 
girdle. {Isabella Breviary, Brit. 
Museum.) Vanquishing a 
dragon with a crucifix. {Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Binding a dragon 
with her girdle. {Cat. Sanct.) 
The Gospels and all Marts. 

St. Martha 

M. Wife and companion of St. 
Maris and mother of SS. Audi- 
fax and Abachum (Jan. 19), q.v. 

St. Martial of Limoges 

B.C. 3rd cent. (Jtme 30). 
Apostle of the Limousin. At 
Mass ; St. Valeria bringing him 
her head and dying at his feet. 
{Vatican, Spadari.) Raising the 
dead. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Ex- 
tinguishing fire with his crosier. 
{C allot.) Butler, St. Gregory of 
Tours, New Paris Breviary, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Martial of Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Companion of St. 
Optatus, q.v. 

St. Martialis 

M. Companion of St. Faustus 
(Oct. 13), q.v. 

St. Martian, or 
Martianus, of Athens 

H. c. 400 (Feb. 13). Tempted 
by the courtesan Zoe in the 
desert, he converted her to 
Christianity. Butler, Bollandus, 
Gk. Men. Kneeling over a 
crucifix, rosary in hand. {Print, 
Butler.) 

St. Martiana 

M. Companion of St. Susaima 
(May 24), q.v. 

St. Martin of Leon 

P.C. 1221 (Feb. III. St. Isidore 
appearing to him. (Cahier.) 

St. Martin of Portugal 

c. 580 (Mar. 20). Archbishop 
of Braga. St. Gregory of Tours. 

St. Martin of Rome 

Pope. M. 655 (Nov. 12). Seen 
through prison bars. {Weyen.) 
Holding a piece of money. 
{Coins of Cleves.) Raising a 
dead child to hfe. {Vienna Gal., 
L. Baldi.) Church and crosier, 
three geese at his feet. {XVI. 
cent, window, St. Mary's, 
Shrewsbury.) Episcopal vest- 
ments and open book. {Rood- 
screen, Gt. Plumstead.) A goose 
by his side. {Husenbeth.) Saying 
Mass, deacon ministering, baU 
of fire over his head. {Louvre, 
E.LeSesseur.) Butler, Baronius, 
Fleury, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Martin of Siguenza 

B|). 1200 (n.d.) Angel, bearing 
his head near his tomb. (CahierT) 
Broom in his hand. {Ibid.) 



St. Martin of Tongres 

H. c. 276 (June 21). Chained 
to a rock. {Ikon.) 

St. Martin of Toulouse 

2nd cent. (July i). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Martin of Tours 

B.C. 397 (Nov. 11). A young 
tribune on horseback, dividing 
his cloak with a sword to share 
it with a beggar. {Windsor, 
Van Dyck ; Window, Oxford 
Cath., and many other instances.) 
All Western Marts. 

St. Martin of Trier 

M. c. 210 (July 19). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Martin of Vertou 

Ab. c. 601 (Oct. 24). A native 
of Nantes ordained deacon by 
FeUx, Bishop of that city. He 
founded the Abbey of Vertou 
and a nunnery at Durieu, where 
he died. Many miraculous 
legends have clustered roimd 
his hfe, which has, moreover, 
been much confused with that 
of St. Martin of Portugal. 
Usuardus, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Martina of Rome 

V.M. c. 255 (Jan. i). Her face 
torn with hooks. {Old engraving.) 
Holding a barbed fork with 
two prongs, a temple falling 
in ruins about her and lictors' 
fasces near her. {Rome, P. da 
Cortona.) Lightning destroying 
a temple of Diana. {Ikon.) A 
pair of tongs. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Funeral pile extinguished by 
rain. {Ibid.) Butler, Bollandus. 

SS. Martinian and 
Saturian 

MM. c. 438 (Oct. 16). Dragged 
by wild horses. {Gueffler.) 
Parvum Martyrologium ; Ado, 
Usuardus ; Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Martinian 

M. (July 27). One of the Seven 
Sleepers of Ephesus, q.v. An 
axe. {Musaeum Victorium, 
Rome.) 

St. Martinian 

M. Companion of St. Processus 
(July 2), q.v. 

St. Martinianus 

C. ist cent. (n.d.). SS. Peter 
and Paul striking a rock for 
water to baptize him. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Martinianus 

H. c. 400 (Feb. 13). A dolphin. 
{Chris. Kunst.) Standing on a 
rock in the sea. (/Aom.) Tempted 
by a woman. {Gueffler.) Lying 
on a hearth, burning. {Cahier.) 

St. Martins 

Ab. c. 527 (n.d.). Digging a 
cave to live in. {Cahier.) 

84, 



St. Martyrius 

Le. M. Companion of St. 
Sisinnius (May 29), q.v. 

Bl. Marulius(?) 

C. Dominican, bimch of three 
flowers or leaves in his right 
hand, golden crucifix in left. 
{Predella, B. Angelica de 
Fiesoli.) 

St. Marusus 

M. Companion of St. Gereon 
(Oct. 10), q.v. 

St. Maruthas of 
Mesopotamia 

B.C. Early 5th cent. (Dec. 4). 
Bishop of Tagrit and a father 
of the Syrian Church, he 
obtained permission from 
Isdegerdes to build many 
churches in Persia. Butler, 
Socrates, Sozomen, Photius, 
Ceillier, etc. 

The Blessed Virgin 
Mary 

(Mar. 25). The usual repre- 
sentations of Our Lady are too 
well known to require refer- 
ences, but at the end of the 
following list are four xmusual 
instances for which references 
are given. Emblems : A lily 
{lilium candidum), a star, an 
enclosed garden, a sealed foun- 
tain, a closed gate, a sealed 
book, a burning bush ; white 
veil, blue robe, star on right 
shoulder. Violet or grey robes 
after the Crucifixion. Sun over 
her head, crescent moon under 
her feet. Crown of seven or 
twelve stars. Unusual repre- 
, sentations : Carrying two 
fishes on a dish, a pitcher of 
water in her other hand. {St. 
Godard's Ch. , Hildesheim.) 
Bearing a globe surmounted by 
a cross, a seraph on either side. 
{Mosaics, Vienna and Trieste.) 
Bearing a bunch of keys. 
{Statue, Poitiers.) Crowned, 
suckling the Holy Infant. {XV. 
cent, window, Lyte's Cary.) 
Holding a pear. {Statuary, 
Chartres Cath.) 

St. Mary the Sorrowful 
of Belgium 

M. c. 1290 (June 18). A young 
recluse accused of theft and 
barbarously executed by being 
thrown into a pit and a stake 
driven through her breast. Her 
body was afterwards exhumed 
and enshrined at Wolowe-St.- 
Pierre. Belg. Marts. 

St. Mary of Cabeza 

12th cent. (n.d.). Flask of oil 
and a lantern or torch. {Cahier.) 

St. Mary of Cleophas 

ist cent. (Apr. 9). (Sometimes 
called St. Mary of James.) 
With her children, SS. James 
Minor, Alpheus, Simon and 



PLATE VII. 




ST. MARTIN. B.C. 



XVI. Century Window, Shrewsbury. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Jude. [XV. cent, window, all 
Souls Coll., Oxon.) Seated with 
her children, St. Jude with a 
boat, St. Simeon with a fish, 
St. James the Less with a toy 
mill, and St. Joseph Barsabas 
with a cup. [Screen, Ranworth.) 
As above, but St. James bearing 
a palm branch. St. Jude a 
boat, St. Joseph Barsabas three 
loaves and St. Simeon a fish. 
(Roodscreen, Houghion-le-Dale.) 
With two of her children. 
[Window, Gt. Malvern Priory.) 
Holding a book. [XVI. cent, 
window, Montmorency.) Rom. 
Mart. 

SS. Mary, Pen., and 
Zozimus, Mk,, of Egypt 

5th cent. (Apr. 2). St. Mary 
covered with her long white 
hair. [MS. Hours ; Statue, 
Ecouis Ch., Normandy.) As 
above, and holding three loaves. 
[Roodscreen, Kenn.) Lying dead, 
a lion digging her grave. [P. da 
Cortona, Pitti Pal.) Scourg- 
ing herself, a skuU before her. 
[Guercino, Alton Towers.) Re- 
ceiving B. Sacrament from 
Zozimus in the desert. [Fresco, 
Campo Santo, Pisa.) Zozimus 
discovering her. Butler, Pape- 
broke, Rom. Mart. 

St. Mary of Jerusalem 

Matr. 1st cent. (June 29). 
Mother of St. Mark and aimt 
of St. Barnabas, it was in her 
house that the Holy Eucharist 
first was celebrated and Our 
Lord appeared to the disciples 
after lie Resurrection. Rom. 
Mart. 

Bl. Mary of Oignies 

R. 1213 (June 13). Prostrate 
before a crucifix, an angel at 
her side. [Baring-Gould.) The 
B.V. Mary sheltering her from 
rain with her mantle. [Ibid.) 
Butler, Papebroke, Mod. Belg. 
Marts. 

St. Mary of Rome 

V.M. c. 303 (Nov. i). A slave 
to the senator Tertullus, tor- 
tured by fire in the Diocletian 
persecution. By the connivance 
of the soldier in charge she 
escaped and hid herself among 
rocks till the persecution was 
over, but is reckoned among the 
martyrs on account of the suffer- 
ings she endured. Butler, Bede, 
Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Mary Magdalen 

Pen. ist cent. (July 22). Box 
of ointment in her hand. [Rood- 
screens at Oxborough, Lessing- 
ham, Ludham, N. Walsham, 
Bramfield, Yaxley ; and^ many 
other instances.) Vase in left 
hand, book in right. [Seal, St. 
Mary Mag. Hospital, Win- 
chester.) Covered cup. [Murilh, 
Lucas van Leyden.) Holding a 
boat and an open book. [Church 



chest, Denton.) Preaching to 
K. Rend at Marseilles. {Jiotel 
de Cluny.) Holding crucifix ; 
open book before her, with skull 
upon it. [Guido Rent.) Skull 
in her hand or at her feet. 
[Murillo.) Angels taking her to 
heaven. [Der Heyl. Leb.) Cov- 
ered with her hair. [Baptistery, 
Florence.) At the entrance to a 
cave, ointment box on a book 
at her feet. [Bologna Gallery.) 
Receiving the Holy Communion 
from St. Maximin. [Window, 
Cossey Hall Chapel.) All Maris. 

St. Mary Magdalen de 
Pazzi of Florence 

V. 1607 (May 25). Receiving 
the B. Sacrament from Our 
Lord. [Die Heiligenbild.) The 
B.V. Mary giving her a white 
veil. [Ibid.) Inflamed heart 
and crown of thorns. [Ikon.) 
St. Augustin inscribing on her 
heart the words " Verbum caro 
factum.") [Attrib. der Heil.) 
Angel presenting her to Our 
Saviour. [Luca Giordano.) Our 
Saviour placing an espousal 
ring on her hand. [Cahier.) 
Crowned with thorns and em- 
bracing a cross ; rays falling 
on her from a monstrance. 
(Husenbeth.) Nim kneeling 
before a crucifix on which rays 
fall from heaven ; flames issu- 
ing from her breast. [Romney.) 
Butler, Baert the Bollandist, 
Rom. and Carm. Marts. 

St. Marj 

Pen. Niece and companion of 
St. Abraham (Mar. 15), q.v. 

St. Mary 

Companion of St. Flora (Nov. 
24), q.v. 

St. Mary 

M. Companion of St. Gregory 
(Aug. 9), q.v. 

St. Maternian of 
Champagne 

4th cent. (Apr. 30). Bishop of 
Rheims. 

St. Maternus of Treves 

B.C. c. 346 (Sept. 18). Church 
with three towers in his hand. 
[Attrib. der Heil.) Three mitres, 
one on his head, two on a book. 
[St. Louis, Cologne.) Crosier 
and pilgrim's staff. [Attrib. der 
Heil.) Preaching from a pulpit. 
[Husenbeth.) Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom., Gall, and Ger. Marts. 

St. Mathilda, or 
Mathildis, Queen of 
Germany 

968 (Mar. 14). Holding a bag 
of money for alms. [Husenbeth.) 
Church in her hand. [Cahier.) 
Kneeling at an altar. [Ibid.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Mathilda 

Cts. 1033 Wife of St. Ehren- 
fried (May 21), q.v. 

85 



St. Mathurinus of 
Montargis 

P.C. c. 380 (Nov. 9). Exor- 
cising a girl. [Add MSS., Brit. 
Mus.) In a chasuble, a covered 
vessel in his left hand. [Soli- 
taire.) Chains or handcuffs 
near him. [Cahier.) Butler, 
Saussaye, Baillett, New Paris 
Breviary. 

St. Matrona of 
Barcelona 

V.M. (Mar. 15). Emigrating 
to Italy, she settled in the 
Campagna, where she was 
arrested for carrying a crucifix 
about with her, thrown into 
prison and starved to death. 

St. Matrona of Thessa- 
lonica 

V.M. (Mar. 15). Slave to a 
Jewess who, discovering her to 
be a Christian, beat her to death. 
Greek Menology (on Mar. 27). 

St. Matthew 

Ap. Evan. M. (Sept. 21). An 
angel near him. [Very frequent 
. indeed.) Angel crowned. [Rood- 
screen. E. Ruston.) Angel 
holding his inkstand. [Callot.) 
Angel deUvering a soul from 
purgatory ; the saint wearing 
a tiara. [Pulpit, Botzen.) A 
carpenter's set-square. [XV. 
cent, window, Wintringham.) A 
square. [Solitaire.) A T-square. 
[Font, Stalham ; Screens, Irstead 
and N. Walsham.) Leaning on 
a short sword. [Roodscreen, 
Ranworth.) J6t(f., with a dolphin 
at his feet. [Heures, par J. 
Quentin, 1522.) A money bag. 
[Roodscreens, N. Walsham, Wor- 
stead, Ringland.) Three money 
bags. [Window, Norbury.) 
Table with money on it. 
[Cahier.) Money box. [Rood- 
screen, Aylsham.) Triple money 
box. [Melbury Bubb.) Chained 
money box. [Roodscreen, Caw- 
ston.) TaU wooden cross. [Fair- 
ford.) Halbert, book and ink- 
h.oin.[Tabl.dela Croix.) Battle- 
axe. [Roodscreen, Beeston Regis.) 
Axe and book. [Roodscreen, 
Blofield.) [N.B.—The last three 
instances may possibly be 
errors for St. Matthias, Apostle 
(Feb. 24). Scroll with words : 
" Et vitam eternam Amen." 
[Window, Fairford.) All 

Martyrologies.'] 

St. Matthew of 
Beauvais 

M. Late nth cent. (Mar. 27). 
A knight of Agnetz, near Cler- 
mont, who accompanied the 
Bishop of Beauvais on the 
Crusades. Taken prisoner by 
the Saracens, he chose beheading 
rather than apostasy. A Life 
by Guibert, of Nogent-sous- 
Coussi ; Gall. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Matthias the Apostle 

M. (Feb. 24). A saw. (ZF. cent, 
window, Winiringham.) A hal- 
bert. {XVI. cent, window, Auch.) 
His head cloven with a halbert, 
(Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles, 
Rome.) Holding a sword by the 
point. (Cosimo Roselli, Florence 
Gal.) Bearing a halbert. (Rood- 
screens, Fairford, Aylsham, 
Ringland, Blofield, Tunslead ; 
Font, Stalham.) Leaning on a 
sword. (Roodscreens, Hunstanton 
and Southwold.) A hatchet. 
(Brass, St. Margaret's, Lynn.) 
Book and scimitar. (Melbury 
Bubb.) Sword piercing his back. 
(XV. cent, window, Kunst- 
gewerbe Museum, Berlin.) A 
stone in his hand. (Die Heili- 
genbild.) A carpenter's square. 
Isdb. Brev., Brit. Mus.) [N.B.— 
This last instance may possibly 
be an error for St Matthew, 
Apostle (Sept. 21). Scroll with : 
" Sanctam Ecclesiam Caiholicam 
Sanctorum Communionem." 
( Window . Fairford. ) A II Martyr- 
ologies.'] 

St. Maud. See 
St. Mathilda 

(Mar. 14). 

St. Maudatus 

H. 7th cent, (n.d.) In a boat 
or skiff. (Cahier.) 

St. Maudez, or 
Moditeus, of Brittany 

Ab. 6th cent. (Nov. 18). Of 
Irish birth, he entered the mon- 
astery of Dol, in Brittany, after- 
wards being sent by St. Tugdual 
to the Abbey of Trecor. He 
died in retirement near Enez- 
Gloz, in the diocese of Trequier. 
Le Grand Lobineau, Leon Brevi- 
ary, Gall. Marts. 

St. Mauger 

C. 676 (n.d.) Church in|hand. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Maughold. See 
St. Maccald 

(Apr. 25). 

St. Maugold. See 
St. Magnoald 

(Sept. 6). 

St. Maur of Emilia 

7th cent. (Jan. 20).^ 'Bishop |of 
Cesena. 

St. Maura of 
Champagne 

V. 9th cent. (Sept. 21). Of 
noble birth, she was renowned 
for her sanctity and good works, 
chief amongst which was the 
conversion of her own father. 
Her Life by St. Prudentius of 
Troyes, Butler, Goujet, Mezangui, 
Gall. Mart. 

SS. Maura, or Maur, and 
Baya of Scotland 

VV. loth cent. (Nov. 2). St, 
Maura was a recluse living at 



Kill Maur in Ayrshire, in the 
reign of K. Donald VI. St. 
Baya, a friend of K. Donald, 
was another soUtary, Uving on 
the Island of Cumbrae, where 
she was visited by St. Maura. 
Adam King (on above date), 
Dempster (on Nov. i), Aberdeen 
Breviary (on Nov. 3). 

SS. Maura and Bridget 
of Beauvais 

VV. MM. 5th cent. (Jan. 15 
and July 13). Twin daughters 
of Ella, K. of Scotland and 
Northumbria, and sisters to 
St. Espian. On their return 
from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem 
all three were beheaded by 
barbarians near Creil. Guerin 
and Giry, Gall. Marts. 

SS. Maura and Justina, 
of Constantinople 

VV. MM. (Nov. 30). St Maura 
before a crucifix.J (Ikon.) 

St. Maura 

M. Wife and companion of St. 
Timothy (May 3), q.v. 

St. Maurice 

Ab.C. 1185 (n.d.) Shutting up 
rooks in a granary. (Cahier.) 

St. Maurice and Com- 
panions, of Agaunum 

MM. c. 286 (Sept. 22). Warrior 
in armour, with a banner bear- 
ing or, a lion rampant gules. 
{Windows, Strasbourg and Lyons 
Cathedrals.) As the last, but 
banner and shield bearing gules 
an escarbuncle of eight points or. 
(XV. and XVI. cent, window. 
Angers.) Butler, Ruinart, Tille- 
mont, Baillet, all Western Maris., 
etc. 

S. Maurice and Com- 
panions, of Apamea 

MM. c. 298 (Feb. 21). Seventy- 
one soldiers expelled from their 
legion for Christianity during 
the Maximinian persecution. 
St. Maurice's son, Photinus, 
was beheaded, the others being 
tortured by fire and tied to 
stakes in the marshes of Apamea, 
where they died by starvation 
and the attacks of insects. 
Theodoret, Gk. Mencea and Mart. 

St. Maurice 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Maurilius of Angers 

B.C. c. 437 (Sept. 13). Con- 
secrated by St. Martin of Tours ; 
dove descending upon him. 
(Gueffier.) Holding a fish with 
two keys in its mouth ; calUng 
down lightning upon idols. 
(Icon. Sanct.) Fish with keys 
of the Church in its mouth. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Two keys. 
(Weyen.) Raising a boy to life. 
(Cahier.) Staff with dove at 
top instead of a crook. (Pro- 

86 



cessional cross in possession of 
the Due d'Aumale.) Butler, 
Bollandus, Hrabanus, Ado, 
York Kalendar, Gall, and Rom. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Maurilius of Ferrara 

B. Being beheaded. (Guercino, 
Ferrara Art Gall.) 

St. Mauricius. See 
St. Machar 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Maurontius of 
Douay 

Ab. 706 (May 5). Sceptre and 
church. (St. Amatus Douay.) 
Belg., Gall, and Bene. Marts. 

St. Maurontius of 
Languedoc 

c. 786 (Oct. 21). Bishop of 
Marseilles. 

St. Maurus of Burgundy 

c. 383 (Nov. 8). Bishop of 
Verdun. 

St. Maurus of Glanfeuil 

Ab. 584 (Jan. 15). Saving St. 
Placidus from drowning by his 
hair. (St. Miniato, Florence.) 
With a crosier going towards 
the WAter. (Attrib. der Heil.) St. 
Benedict appearing in a glory 
to him. (Cahier.) With pair 
of scales, or a spade. (Ibid.) 
Benedictine, bareheaded, with 
book and crosier. (XIV. cent, 
window, S. choir clerestory, 
Evreux Cath. ; Roodscreen, 
Wolborough.) Butler, Mabillon, 
Odo of Glanfeuil, St. Gregory 
the Great. 

SS. Maurus, P., and 
Felix, Ch., of Spoleto 

6th cent. (Jime 16). St. Maurus, 
a priest of Caesarea, emigrated 
to Italy with his infant son 
FeHx and settled between 
Teramo and Narni, the present 
San Fehce, in the diocese of 
Spoleto, where their reUcs are 
stiU venerated. A Life by 
Ughellus. 

St. Maurus of Ostia 

(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com- 
panion of St. Censurinus, q.v. 

St. Mauxe. See 
St. Maximus 

(May 25). 

St. Mawes 

B.C. (May 17). As a school- 
master. (St. Mawes' Ch., Corn- 
wall.) 

St. Maxellend of 
Cambrai 

V.M. 7th cent. (Nov. 13). A 
maiden of Arras who vowed 
herself to the religious life and 
was killed by Hardwin, her 
suitor, in an attempt to abduct 
her. Gall. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Maxentia of 
Beauvais 

V.M. 6th cent. (Nov.20). White 
habit and pilgrim's hat, crucifix 
on her knees, (frint, Butler.) 
Butler, Wilson, Aberdeen and 
Beauvais Breviaries. 

St. Maxentius, or 
Maissent, of Poitou 

Ab. c. 515 (Jime 26). Birds 
flying about him. (Cahier.) 
Rom., Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Maxentius 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Maxima 

M. Wife of St. Montanus 
(Mar. 26), q.v. 

St. Maxima 

M. Companion of St. Donatella 
(July 30), q.v. 

St. Maxima 

M. Compaaion of St. Doro- 
theus (Sept. 9), q.v. 

St. Maximian of Bagae 

B.C. 5th cent. (Oct. -3). Thrown 
from a high tower. (Gueffier.) 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Maximian of Emilia 

556 (Feb. 22). Appointed Bishop 
of Ravenna by the Emperor 
Justinian against the will of 
the inhabitants, he waited their 
consent before seeking ad- 
mission to the see which he 
held ten years, and even at his 
death was regarded as a saint. 
Rubaens' Hist. Ravennae, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Maximian 

M. (July 27). One of the Seven 
Sleepers of Ephesus, q.v. A club. 
{Musaeum Victorium, Rome.) 

St. Maximilian 

M. 296 (Mar 12). Son of a 
Christian soldier in Numidia, 
he refused to be enrolled in the 
Roman army on accoimt of the 
pagan worship expected of him, 
and was decapitated. Butler, 
Ruinart. 

St. Maximilian 

M. Companion of St. Bonosus 
(Aug. 21), q.v. 

St. Maximinus of Miscy 

Ab. 520 (Dec. 15). Nephew of 
Euspicius, Archdeacon of Ver- 
dun and founder of the abbey 
of Miscy, near Orleans, whom he 
succeeded as second abbot. 
Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Maximinus of 
Provence 

Abp. N.D. (June 8). Founder 
and first Archbishop of the 
diocese of Aix. Maurolycus 
describes him as an apostle of 
Our Lord. His relics are at the 



Dominican monastery of St. 
Maximin, near Aix. Butter, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Maximinus of Triers 

B. 349 (May 29). Receiving 
St. Athanasius at Triers. {Callot.) 
Bear at his side. {Ikon.) Com- 
manding a bear to carry his 
baggage. {Gueffier.) Butler, 
Tillemont, Calmet, SS. Hilary 
and Athanasius. 

St. Maximus and Com- 
panions, of Bulgaria 

MM. 287 (Apr. 13). Three 
martyrs in the Diocletian per- 
secution, interrogated by the 
proconsul Gabinus at Silistria 
and scourged and beheaded in 
their native village of Ozobia. 
Gk. Men., Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Maximus of 
Campania 

M. c. 358 (June 12). Bishop of 
Naples. 

St. Maximus of Egypt 

281 Pec. 27). Bishop of 
Alexandria. 

St. Maximus Homolo- 
getes of Constantinople 

C. 662 pec. 30). Secretary of 
State to^the Emperor HeracUus, 
he distinguished himself by his 
staimch opposition to the Mono- 
theUstic heresy. On the death 
of the Pope St. Martin (Nov. 12), 
he was arrested at Rome, 
brought to Constantinople for 
trial, beaten and exiled to 
Sarmatia, where he died. The 
Saint's Acts, Butler, Baronius, 
Baillet, etc. 

St. Maximus, B., of 
Jerusalem 

c. 358 (May 5). Blinded of one 
eye and lamed by hot irons 
in the Maximian persecution. 
Later converted from the Arian 
heresy, he was the first to sign 
the recognition of St. Athan- 
asius at the Council of Jerusalem 
in 349. Sozomen, Theodoret, St. 
Jerome, Rom. Mart. 

St. Maximus of Lydia 

M. c. 251 (Apr. 30). A merchant 
arrested in the Decian per- 
secution, interrogated by 
Optimus, proconsul of Asia, 
and stoned to death at Ephesus. 
Butler, Surius, Baronius, Hen- 
schenius, Ruinart, Fleury, Tille- 
mont, Mod. Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Maximus, and Com 
panions, of Marcian- 
opolis 

MM. c. 311 (Sept. 15). Con- 
demned in the Maximian per- 
secution by Teres, Governor of 
Thrace, to be beaten with rods, 
mutilated and beheaded. Gk. 
Men. and Mod. Rom. Mart. 

87 



St. Maximus of Nola 

B.C. 250 (Jan. 15). Bunch of 
grapes on a bramble. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) An old man, carried 
on the shoulders of St. FeUx of 
Nola (Jan._i4). {Baring-Gould.) 

St. Maximus of Riez 

B. 460 (Nov. 27). Rousing 
the dead. {Icon. Sanct.) Hiding 
in a forest. {Gueffier.) Holding 
the model of a church. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Tillemont, St. Gregory 
of Tours, Rom. and Gall. Marts., 
etc. 

St. Maximus of Borne 

P.M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 19). 
Stoned to death. {Gueffier.) 
St. Cyprian, Usuardus, Ado, 
Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Maximus and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. 295 (Feb. 18). SS. Maxi- 
mus and Claudius were brothers 
to St. Caius Pope and St. 
Gabinius, and both were 
attached to the Court of 
Diocletian. St. Susanna, V.M. 
(Aug. 11), daughter of St. 
Gabinius (Feb. 19), having 
refused to obey the Emperor's 
request that she would marry 
Galerius Caesar, her two imcles, 
with Praepedigna, Maximus' 
wife, and their two sons, Alex- 
ander and Cutias, were burnt 
ahve at Cimiae as Christians, 
Gabinius and Susanna being 
imprisoned and later suffering 
matryrdom also. 

St. Maximus of Sicily 

598 (June 9). Bishop of 
Syracuse. 

St. Maximus of Turin 

B. c. 466 (June 25). A doe 
near him. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Ceillier, Rom. Mart. 

St. Maximus of Venetia 

2nd cent. (Aug. 2). Bishop of 
Padua. 

SS. Maximus, B., and 
Venerandus, D., of 
Normandy 

MM. Early 6th cent. (May 25). 
Brothers, natives of Brescia, 
preaching the gospel in France, 
they were seized and beheaded 
by infidels at Acquigny, near 
Evreux. Butler, Trigan, Le 
Brasseur's Histoire d'Evreux, 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Maximus 

M. Companion of St. Castus 
(May 15), q.v. 

St. Maximus of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of 
St. Censminus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Maximus 

M. Companion of St. Juven- 
tius (Jan. 25), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Maximus 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Maximus 

M. Companion of St. Valerian 
(Apr. 14), q.v. 

St. May. See St. Marius 

(Jan. 27). 

St. Mayeul. See 
St. Maieul 

(May II). 

St. Mazota, or Mayota, 
of Abernethy 

V. 7th cent. (Dec. 23). A 
maiden living with a certain 
St. Brigit in Ireland, whom she 
accompanied to Abernethy to 
found a church to the B.V. 
Mary. Dempster, Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

St. Mechtildes of Suabia 

V. Abs. 1301 (Apr. 10). Our 
Lord giving her His heart. 
(Cahier.) Angels bringing her 
the H. Viaticum. (Ibid^ Butler, 
Chatelain, a Life by the Abbot 
Engelhard. 

St. Medan. See 
St. Meldan 

(Feb. 7). 

St. Medard of Noyon 

B. 545 (June 8). Kneeling, a 
dove over his head. (Callot.) 
Eagle sheltering him from rain. 
(Chris. Kunst.) Leaving foot- 
marks on a stone. {Ikon.) 
Beggar near him. [Cossey Hall 
C^/'e/.) Torch in hand. (Cahier.) 
A colt or horses near him. 
(Ibid.) Three white doves above 
him. (Ikon.) An ox. (Husen- 
beth.) All Rom. Marts. 

St. Mederic of Paris 

p. Ab. c. 791 (Aug. 29). 
Teaching his monks. (Callot.) 
Holding chains with caltrops. 
(Weyen.) Stars descending to- 
wards him. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Mabillon, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Medran and Odran 
of Ireland 

CC. 6th cent. (July 7). Two 
brothers, natives of Muskeny, 
who left their home to join 
St. Kieran (Mar. 5) at Saigir. 
St. Medran remained at Saigir, 
but St. Odran was sent by 
St. Kieran to Leitir, where 
he founded the monastery of 
Leitir-Odran, in which he died. 
Acts of St. Kieran, Celt. Marts. 

St. Meen. >SeeSt. Maen 

(June 21). 

St. Meinrad, or Mein- 
hard, of Germany 

H.M. c. 863 (Jan. 21). As a 
tonsured moiJc holding a 
wooden cup. (XVI. cent, win- 
dow, Kunstgewerbe Museum, 



Berlin.) Two ravens pursuing 
his murderers. (Das Passional^ 
Two ravens by his side. (Ikon.) 
Baring-Gould, an Authentic 
Life in the monastery of 
Einsiedeln. 

St. Meinulf of Bodichen 

Ab.C. c. 857 (Oct. 5). Holding 
a church, a stag lying by him. 
(Cahier.) Bollandus, Lubeck 
and Cologne Marts. 

St. Meinwerk of 
Paderborn 

B.C. 1036 (June 5). Church 
in hand. (Cahier.) Receiving 
glove from St. Henry, Emperor. 
(Ibid.) 

St. Mel. See St. Mael 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Melania the 
Younger, of Jerusalem 

Matr. 439 (Dec. 31). Church 
in her hand. (Cahier.) Rom. 
and Gk. Marts. 

St. Melanius of Rennes 

B.C. 530 (Jan. 6). His body in 
a boat going against the stream. 
(Cahier.) Driving out the devil. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Bol- 
landus, St. Gregory of Tours, 
Lobineau, Morice, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts., etc. 

St. Melanius. See 
St. Maen 

(June 21). 

St. Melas of Egypt 

B.C. 4th cent. (Jan. 16). Bishop 
and head of the monastic settle- 
ment of Rhinoclusa, on the 
borders of Palestine. Sozomen, 
Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Melchiades, Pope 

314 (Dec. 10). Successor to 
Pope Eusebius in 311, during 
the reign of Maxentius, he 
occupied the Papal Chair during 
the first three years of Con- 
stantine's reign. Butler, Euse- 
bius, St. Optatus, St. Augustine, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Melchior. One of 
the Magi 

1st cent. (Jan. 6). Offering 
a jewelled cup to the Holy 
Infant. (L. v. Leyden, Antwerp 
Mus.) Jameson. 

St. Melchu 

B. Brotherof St. Mael(Feb. 6), 

q.v. 

St. Meldan of Peronne 

B. Late 6th cent. (Feb. 7). 
An Irish bishop who left his 
native land and died at Peronne. 
His Acts have been lost, but 
many churches are dedicated 
to him. Life of St. Fursey. 

St. Meletius the Great, 
Patriarch of Antioch 

CM. c. 381 (Feb. 12). Red- 
hot helmet and cuirass. (Cahier. ) 

88 



Butler, Socrates, Sozomen, Theo- 
doret. 

St. Meletius of Pontus 

B. c. 320 (Dec. 4). Sumamed 
" Attic Honey," both from his 
name and his eloquence. He 
took refuge in Palestine for 
seven years from the Diocletian 
persecution, afterwards return- 
ing to his diocese. Usuardus, 
Ado, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Meletius, and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. N.D. (May 24). The Acts 
of these saints, which are fabu- 
lous and utterly unreliable, 
state that they were 252 in 
mmiber, and that when slain 
they utterly vanished. Their 
very existence is apocryphal. 

St. Meleusippus 

M. Brother and companion of 
St. Speusippus (Jan. 17), q.v. 

St. Melitina of Marcia- 
nopolis 

V.M. (Sept. 15). Holding a 
sword ; idol overthrown before 
her. (Ikon.) 

St. Melito, Bishop of 
Sardes in Lydia 

M. c. 175 (Apr. i). Borne on 
his mother's shoulders. (Cahier.) 
Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius. 

St. Melkus. See 
St. Melchu 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Mellitus of 
Canterbury 

Abp. 624 (Apr. 24). A Roman 
abbot sent to England by St. 
Gregory to assist St. Augustine, 
by whom he was ordained the 
first Bishop of London. He 
founded St. Paul's in 604, and 
Westminster Abbey in 609, and 
succeeded St. Laurence at 
Canterbury as third Archbishop 
in 619. Butler, Bede, Le Neve, 
Capgrave, Rom. and Eng. Marts. 

St. Mello of Rouen 

B.C. Early 4th cent. (Oct. 22). 
In episcopal robes, holding a 
cross. (Lady Chapel windows, 
Rouen Cath.) 

St. Mellor of Cornwall 

M. c. 411 (Jan. 3). Son of 
MeUan, a prince of Cornwall, 
who was murdered by his 
brother Rainald. St. Mellor was 
first maimed of his right hand 
and left foot, and later mur- 
dered by his uncle's orders. 
Eng. Mart. ; Usuardus (on 
Oct. I). 

St. Memmius of 
Champagne 

3rd cent. (Aug. 5). Bishop of 
Chalons. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Memorius, P., and 
Companions, of Breuille 

MM. c. 451 (Sept. 7). Said to 
have been a deputation sent 
by St. Lupus, Bishop of Troyes 
(July 29), to meet Attila on his 
invasion of Burgundy, by whom 
they were massacred at Breuille. 
The story is probably apocry- 
phal, being founded on fabulous 
Acts. Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Menas and Com- 
panions, of Alexandria 

MM. c. 308 (Dec. 10). St Menas 
was a senator and philosopher 
of Alexandria, and secretly a 
Christian. The Emperor Maxi- 
minus sent to arrest him his 
officer Hermogenes, who was 
converted by the sight of his 
miraculous heaUng after torture, 
and the two, together with St. 
Menas' servant Eugraphius, 
were executed with the sword. 
The Acts are valueless, and the 
whole story probably apocry- 
phal. Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Meneve, or 
Meneleus, of Auvergne 

Ab. c. 730 (July 22). Of an 
Argevin family allied to the 
Emperor Charlemagne, he 
entered the monastery of Cor- 
meri (now St. Theofrede's), 
later founding the Abbey of 
Menate, near Clermont. Butler, 
Usuardus, Mabillon, Baillet. 

St. Mengold of Belgium 

M. c. 892 (Feb. 8). Count of 
Huy, he was murdered by some 
knights of the Court. His relics 
are preserved in the Church of 
Our Lady, of Huy, of which 
town he is second patron. 

St. Menna of Fontenoy 

V.R. Late 4th cent. (Oct. 3). 
An angel visiting her. {Baring- 
Gould^ Gall. Marts. 

St. Mennas, Patriarch 
of Constantinople 

552 (Aug. 25). Nominated by 
Justinian and consecrated 
Patriarch of Constantinople by 
Pope Agapetus in opposition 
to the Bishop of Trebizonde, 
who was selected by the Empress 
Theodora. Gk. Menology and 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Mennas of Lybua 

(Dec. 10). The Church of St. 
Mennas, built at Constantinople 
by Justinian, is said to be dedi- 
cated to this saint, whose relics 
were translated thither. 
Baronius, Surius, Butler (under 
Nov. 12). 

St. Mennas of Phrygia 

M. c. 304 (Nov. II). Hands 
cut off, eyes out. {Weyen.) 
In armour, bareheaded, leaning 
on sword. {Paul Veronese.) 
Butter, Surius, Tillemont, 



Usuardus, Bede ; Sarum, York, 
Durham and Hereford Brevi- 
aries ; Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Mennas of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Menodora and Com- 
panions, of Bithynia 

W. MM. c. 305 (Sept. 10). 
Three sisters, two of whom 
were tortured and beaten to 
death and the third burnt at the 
stake by Fronto, Governor of 
Bithynia under Galerius. Gk. 
Menem and Menology, Russ. 
Kalendar, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Menulf of Berri 

(July 12). Bishop of Bourges. 

St. Mercuria 

M. Companion of St. Ammon- 
arium (Dec. 12), q.v. 

St. Mercurial of Forli 

B. 2nd cent. A dragon. {Picture 
by Cigoli.) Jameson. 

St. Mercurius of 
Caesarea 

M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 25). Angel 
giving him a sword. {Callot.) 
Attacking Julian the Apostate 
with a lance. {Cahier.) Gk. 
Menem, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Mere. See 
St. Marius 

(Jan. 27). 

St. Merewenna 

Sister of St. Morweima of 
Cornwall, q.v. 

St. Meriadoc, or 
Meriasek, of Brittany 

c. 1302 (June 7). Having 
stripped himself of his estates, 
which he gave to the poor, he 
became celebrated as a recluse 
and was consecrated Bishop 
of Vannes. Butler, Henschenius, 
Lobineau, Boase and Courteney's 
Bibliotheca Cornubiensis. 

St. Merita. See 
St. Emerita 

(Sept. 22). 

St. Merocles of 
Lombardy 

315 (Dec. 3). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Merri. See 
St. Mederic 

(Aug. 29). 

St. Merwinna of 
Hampshire 

993 (Oct. 29). An Abbess of 
Romsey. 

St. Mesmin 

Ab. c. 520. Holding a serpent. 
{Weyen.) 

St. Mesmin. See 
St. Maximinus 

pec. 15). 

89 



St. Methodius, Patr. of 
Constantinople 

899 (June 14). Picture of Last 
Judgment. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Gk. Menem, Rom. Mart. 

St. Methodius, sur- 
named Eubulus, of Tyre 

B.M. c. 312 (Sept. 18). Origin- 
ally Bishop of Olympus in 
Lycia, he was translated to Tyre 
after the martyrdom of St. 
Tyraimis (Feb. 20), and was 
martyred at Chalcis. Butler, 
St. Jerome, Photius, Ceillier, 
Stilting, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Methodius 

Ap. Brother and companion 
of St. Cyril (Mar. 9), q.v. 

St. Metrodora 

V.M. Companion of St. Meno- 
dora (Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. Metrophanes, Patr. 
of Constantinople 

f'- 325 (June 4). Bishop of 
Byzantium and first Patnarch 
of Constantinople. Gk. Men., 
Rom., Syriac and Russ. Marts. 

St. Meubred of 
Cornwall 

H.M. N.D. YeUow cap, staff, 
holding a head in right hand. 
{XV. cent, window, St. Neots.) 

St. Meuge. See 
St. Memmius 

(Aug. 5). 

SS. Meuris and Thea, 
of Palestine 

MM. c. 305 (Dec. 19). Two 
women of Gaza tortured to 
death in the Diocletian per- 
secution. Butler, Life of St. 
Porphyry (Feb. 26). 

St. Meven. See 
St. Maen 

(June 21). 

St. Michael de Sanctis 

C. N.D. (May 23). Trinitarian 
habit, two angels holding a 
monstrance before him. {En- 
graving, Pasqualoni.) 

St. Mida. See 
St. Ytha 

(Jan. 15). 

St. Migdo 

p. Companion of St. Dpro- 
theus (Sept. 9), q.v. 

St. Milburga of 
Wenlock, Salop 

V. Abs. 722 (Feb. 23). Flock 
of wild geese flying at her 
command. {Lives of the Saints, 
F. Porter.) As above, and hold- 
ing a church in her hand. 
{Husenbeth.) Wm. of Malmes- 
bury, Hapsfield, Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Mildgytha, or 
Milgidra, of Canterbury 

V. Late 7th cent. (Jan. 17). 
Daughter of Merewalf Prince 
of Mercia and St. Ermenburga, 
and sister to SS. Mildred and 
Milburga, she lived and died 
in retirement in the monastery 
of Estrey, near Canterbury, 
built by Egbert, King of Kent. 
Butler, Menardus, Wilson, Cap- 
grave, Bollandus, etc. 

St. Mildred of Thanet 

V. Abs. c. 680 (Feb. 20 
and July 13). Abbess' robes, 
holding a lamp. {Engraving.) 
Molanus, Saussaye, Cafgrave, 
Wilson, Gall., Belg. and Ang. 
Marts. 

St. Miletus of Trier 

c. 470 (Sept. 19). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Militades. See 
St. Melchiades 

(Dec. 10). 

St. Milgithe. See 
St. Mildgytha 

(Jan. 17). 

St. Milles, B., and Com- 
panions, of Persia 

MM. 341 (Apr. 22 and Nov. 10). 
St. MUles, Bishop of Susa, with 
his priest Abrosimus and a 
deacon, Siva, arrested in the 
persecution of Sapor, were sent 
to Makeldager to be tried by 
Hormisdas, where St. Milles 
was stabbed and his companions 
stoned to death. Butler, Sozomen, 
Evodius, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Milvida. See 
St. Mildgytha 

(Jan. 17). 

St. Miniato, or Minias, 
of Florence 

M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 25). Crowned, 
holding two javelins, lily and 
palm. {Picture of Giotto School.) 
Crowned, holding Greek cross. 
{XI. cent, mosaic, St. Miniato, 
near Florence.) Javelin, lily and 
palm. {In his church near 
Florence.) Jameson. 

St. Mitrius of Aix 

M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 13). Bearing 
his head in his hands. {Window, 
Aix Cathedral.) 

St. Mnason of Cyprus 

ist cent. (Jime 25). A Cj^rian 
by birth. Mentioned as one 
of the hosts of St. Paul at 
Jerusalem. {Acts xxxi. 16 ; 
Rom. xvi. 21). Confused in the 
Rom. Mart, with St. Jason. 

St. Mochoemoc of 
Liathmore 

Ab. c. 750 (Mar. 13). Bom in 
Connaught, died 13th March 
655. {Butler.) Irish Gen. Marts., 
Colgan. 



St. Mocholmoc. See 
St. Colman 

(June 7). 

St. Mochtalugh, or 
Mochteus, of Louth 

B. 535 (Aug. 19). Adam, Usher, 

St. Mochua 

Died aetat 99 at Dayrinis c. 500 
(Jan. i). Son of Cronan, a noble, 
served in the army under 
his prince ; settled at Teach 
Mochua ; said to have founded 
thirty churches. Irish Mart., 
Bollandus. 

St. Mochua 

Ab. (Jan. i). Third son of 
Beyan, made monk by St. 
Congal. Founded the monastery 
of Balla, Connaught. Bollandus^ 

St. Mochudu. See 
St. Carthagh 

(May 14). 

St. Mochumma. See 
St. Machar 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Modan 

(Aug. 30). A hermit of Kill 
Modan. 

St. Modan of Melrose 

Ab. (Feb. 4) Aberdeen Breviary, 
Boetius, Lesley. 

St. Moderan 

730 (Oct. 22). A Bishop of 
Rennes. Rennes Kalendar, Ferr, 

St. Modesta of Treves 

V. Abs. c. 680 (Nov. 4). Niece 
of St. Modoald and Bl. Itta. 
Rom. Gall, and Bene. Marts. 

St. Modestus 

M. c. 480 (Feb. 24). KneeUng 
before executioner with up- 
raised sword. {Window, Chartres 
Cath.) 

St. Modestus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Modestus 

M. Companion of St. Vitus 
(June 15), q.v. Plunged in a 
cauldron. {Statuary, Chartres 
Cath.) 

St. Modez. See 
St. Maudez 

(Nov. 18). 

St. Modoald of Treves 

Abp. c. 640 (May 12). Holding 
a church. {Cahier.) 

St. Modoc, or Modoccus, 
Bishop of Ferns 

c. 632 (Sept. 7). Dempster. 

St. Modomrioc of Ossory 

C. c. 500 (Feb. 13). An Irish- 
man, pupil of St. David in 
Wales Celt. Marts. 

90 



St. Modvald. See 
St. Modoald 

(May 12). 

St. Modwenna of 
Ireland 

V. Abs. c. 650 (July 6). Red 
cow by her side. {Ant. image. 
Burton - on - Trent. ) Teaching 
youngprincessto read. {Cahier.) 
In Benedictine habit, holding 
staff and book. {Jameson.) 
Scot, and Celt. Marts. 

St. Moedoc. See 
St. Modoc 

(Sept. 7). 

St. Moeldad 

c. 650 (May 13). An Abbot of 
Monaghan. 

St. Mogue. See 
St. Maidoc 

(Jan. 31). 

St. Molach 

C. c. 650 (June 25). Bishop of 
Ross. 

St. Molaisre. See 
St. Laserian 

(Apr. 18). 

St. Moling 

C- 697 (June 17). A Bishop of 
Ferns. 

St. Moloc. See 
St. Molach 

(June 25). 

St. Molua of Ireland 

606 (Aug. 4). An Abbot of 
Clonfert. 

St. Monacella 

V. N.D. Prajdng in a bower. 
{Carving, Penant-Melangell Ch., 
Montgomery.) 

St. Monachius of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Monas 

249 (Oct. 12). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Monau of St 
Andrews, Scotland 

Adn. CM. 874 (Mar. i). Slain, 
with 6000 other Christians, by 
infidels. Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Moncain. See 
St. Mochua 

(Jan. i). 

St. Mondez. See 
St. Maudez 

(Nov. 18). 

St. Monegunda, or 
Mone, of Tours 

W.R. c. 570 (July 2). Blessing 
a barrel of vinegar. {Cahier^ 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Monessa of Ireland 

V. c. 456 (Sept. 4). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Mongunna 

V. c. 650 (July 5). An abbess 
in Ireland. 

St. Monibulus 

c. 550 (Nov. 18). An abbot of 
Lagny. 

St. Monica of Ostia 

W. 387 (May 4). Mother of 
St. Augustine. Standing behind 
St. Augustine, kneeling. (S^. 
Augusiin, Siena.) Girdle or 
scarf in hand. (Cahier.) Re- 
ceiving monstrance from angel. 
(Bourg. Notre Dame de Broce.) 
Handkerchief and book. {Tabl. 
de la Croix.) Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Moninna of Ireland 

V. Abs. 518 (July 6). Is said 
to have received the veil from 
St. Patrick, and with nine other 
women to have built a church 
at Roskerry, near Carlingford, 
afterwards settling in the 
western isles of Ireland, and 
finally at Beg-Erin, in Wexford 
Harbour. Her church is now 
called KiUevy, near Newry. 
Butler, Colgan, Celt. Marts. 

St. Monitor of France 

(Nov. 10). Bishop of Orleans. 

St. Monon of Nassau 

H. 7th cent. (Oct. 18). A Scot- 
tish recluse living in the 
Ardennes, who was murdered 
in his cell by robbers. A church 
is dedicated to him near St. 
Andrews, in Scotland. Butler, 
Molanus, Usuardus. 

St. Montanus and Com- 
panions, of Carthage 

MM. 259 (Feb. 24). A body of 
Christians arrested during a 
civil conspiracy and imprisoned, 
without food or water, for some 
days, and then beheaded. But- 
ler, Ruinart, Tillemont, Surius, 
Bollandus, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Montanus, P., and 
Maxima of Pannonia 

MM. N.D. (Mar. 26). St. 
Montanus, a priest at Sirmium, 
with his wife Maxima, was 
drowned in a river or lake, prob- 
ably during the Mciximian 
persecution. Bede, St. Jerome, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Morenna. See 
St. Modwenna 

(July 6). 

St. Morwenna of 
Cornwall 

V. c. 450 (July 6). Sister of 
SS. Merewenna and Mabena. 
In abbess' robes, with long cross, 
her hands on shoulders of a 
young princess holding a book 
at her side. {Window, Morwen- 
stow Church.) As a mm, right 
hand in benediction. {Fresco, 
Morwenstow Church.) 



St. Mosentius 

M. Companion of St. Satyrus 
(June 12), q.v. 

St. Moses, Ab., and 
Companions, of Egypt 

MM. 5th cent. (Feb. 7). The 
abbot and six monks of a com- 
munity at Sc6t6 killed in their 
cells during an Arab raid. 
Wytford and most other Western 
Marts. 

St. Moses 

H. Companion of St. Zebinas 
(Feb. 23), q.v. 

St. Moyses of Africa 

M. Late 3rd cent. (Dec. 18). 
Mentioned in a letter from St. 
ComeUus to Fabius of Antioch 
as " Moyses, the blessed witness 
who but lately endured a glori- 
ous and wonderful martyrdom." 
Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Moyses the 
Ethiopian of Scet6 

Ab. M. c. 350 (Aug. 28). As 
a Moor. {Ikon.) Stabbed with a 
knife. {Attrib. der Heil.) Carry- 
ing four boimd robbers on his 
back. {Cahier.) Gk. Men., Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Mullen. See 
St. Moling 

(June 17). 

St. Mulruby. See 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Mummolin of 
Flanders 

B. 683 (Oct. 16). Spent his 
youth in the monastery of 
Luxeuil under St. Eustasius. 
Sent on amission to the Morini, 
he founded a monastery, where 
now stands St. Omer, and suc- 
ceeded St. EUgius as Bishop 
of Toumai. Butler, Mabillon, 
Molanus, Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Mummulus 

Ab. C. 678 (N.D.) Shrine in his 
hand. {Cahier.) 

St. Mundus, or Munde, 
of Scotland 

862 (Apr. 15). Is said to have 
governed a large monastery and 
to have founded others in 
Argyleshire, of which district 
he was formerly regarded as 
principal patron. Several 
churches there are dedicated 
to him. Butler, King. 

St. Mungo. See 
St. Kentigern 

(Jan. 13). 

St. Mungo, or Mun 

B. Brother of St. Mael (Feb. 6), 
q.v. 

St. Munu 

Ab. 635 (Oct. 21). A leper of 
Taghmon, in Ireland. 

91 



St. Muran 

c. 650 (Mar. 12). An Irish 
Abbot. 

St. Murdach of 
Argyleshire 

H. (Oct. 5). A hermit who, 
according to Dempster, " had 
a poor habitation near a lake 
in Argyleshire, called Kihnur- 
dach. Dempster, Scottish Men- 
ology. 

St. Muredach of Killala 

B. (Aug. 12). A contemporary 
of St. Columba, he is also de- 
scribed as the first Bishop of 
Kill Aladh, now KjUala. Butler, 
Ware, Celt. Marts. 

St. Murray. See 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Musa of Rome 

V. c. 560 (Apr. 2). 

St. Mustiola 

Matr. Companion of St. 
Irenaeus (July 3), q.v. 

Bl. Mutius 

H. N.D. Bell, stafi and beads. 
{Library, Strasbourg; Glass ant. 
Molsheim.) Devil showing him 
buried treasure. {Cahier.) 

St. Mybard, H. See 
St. Meubred 

(N.D.). 

SS. Nabor and Felix, of 
Milan 

MM. c. 304 (July 12). In com- 
plete armour. {Sammacchini, 
Bologna Gal.) In secular cos- 
tumes. {Mosaic, St. Satiro 
Chapel.) Butler, Solier. 

St. Nabor 

M. Companion of St. BasUides 
(June 12), q.v. 

St. Nabor 

M. Companion of St. Januarius, 
(July 10), q.v. 

SS. Narcissus, B., and 
Felix, D., of Gerona 

MM. 4th cent. (Mar. 18). Hor- 
nets issuing from St, Narcissus' 
tomb. {Baring-Gould.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Narcissus of 
Jerusalem 

B. c. 216 (Oct. 29). Stabbed in 
the back whilst saying Mass. 
{Das Passional. ) Changing Holy 
Water into oil for church lamps. 
{Gueffier.) Pitcher of water by 
him. {Ikon.) Angels taking 
his soul to heaven. {Chris. 
Kunst.) Holding a thistle in 
bloom. {Weyen.) Holding a 
nosegay. {Cahier.) Usuardus, 
Ado, Butler, Eusebius, Tillemont, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Narcissus 

M. Companion of St. Amplias 
(Oct. 31), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Narses, B., and 
Companions, of Persia 

MM. 343 (Nov. 30). St Narses, 
Bishop of Sgiaxchadata, decapi- 
tated, with his disciple Joseph, 
in the persecution of Sapor II. 
With them suffered St. John, 
Metropolitan of Beth Seleucia, 
St. Isaac, a priest of Hvilsar, 
and St. Uhanan, a young clerk, 
who were stoned to death, SS. 
Papas and Guhschiatazades, and 
others. BuUer, Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Narzalis 

One of the SciUitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(Feb. 17), q.v. 

St. Natalia of 
Nicomedia 

W. c. 304 (Sept. 8). Holding 
the feet of her husband, St. 
Adrian (Sept. 8), on an anvil. 
(Molanus.) A Hon by her side. 
(ikon). See St. Adrian (Sept. 8). 

St. Natalia. See 

St. Sabagotha 

(July 27). 
St. Nathalan of 
Aberdeen 

Bp. C. d. 452 (Jan. 8). One 
of the apostles of Scotland, it 
was by his means that the 
country was preserved from the 
Pelagian heresy. He was the 
founder of two churches in the 
diocese of Aberdeen. Butler, 
Adam King, Aberdeen Breviary, 
Hector Boetius, Sfotswood, etc. 

St. Nathaniel 

R. N.D. Devil tempting him. 
[Husenheth.) 

St. Nathy of Ireland 

p. c. 615 (Aug. 9). Placed at 
Achonry by St. Finnian of 
Clonard (Dec. 12), he founded 
there a celebrated school, of 
which St. Fechin (Jan. 20) was 
a distinguished scholar. Butler, 
Colgan, Ware, Celt. Marts. 

St. Nazarius 

N.D. Bearing a palm ; church 
of Lorsch held up in his cloak. 
{Seal of the Provost of Lorsch.) 

SS. Nazarius and Celsus 
of Milan 

MM. c. 68 (July 28). Walking 
on the sea. (Hulme.) Nazarius 
bearded, Celsus a young man, 
both in armour. (Titian, St. 
Nazaro e Celso, Brescia.) Man 
and boy walking on the sea. 
{C allot.) Butler, Tillemont, 
Pinius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Nazarius 

M. Companion of St. Basilides 
(June 12), q.v. 

St. Nebridius of 
Barcelona 

6th cent. (Feb. 9). Bishop of 
Egara. 



St. Nectan or Neighton 

M. (May 18 or June 17). In 
episcopal vestments. {Tower, 
Hartland.) 

St. Nectarius of 
Burgundy 

6th cent. (Sept. 13). A Bishop 
of Autun. 

St. Nemesianus and 
Companions, of Africa 

BB. MM. c. 257 (Sept. 10). 
Nine bishops of Northern Africa, 
beaten and sent to forced labour 
in the marble quarries, where 
some of them died of their 
sufferings. Working in a marble 
quarry. {Callot.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Nemesion, or 
Nemesius, and Com- 
panions, of Alexandria 

MM. c. 250 pec. 19). St. 
Nemesion burnt with two 
thieves. {Icon. Sanct.) Bearing 
a cross on his shoulder. {Cahier. ) 
Butler, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Nemesius, Dn., and 
Lucilla, v., of Rome 

MM. 254 (Oct. 31). A father 
and daughter beheaded for the 
faith. Their relics were trans- 
lated, with those of SS. Sym- 
phronius, Olympius, Exuperia 
and Theodulus, to the Church of 
St. Maria Nova. Usuardus, 
Ado, Anastasius the Librarian, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Nenn, Nennius or 
Nennidhius, of Ulster 

Ab. 6th cent. (Jan. 17). Black 
robes, book in left hand, a 
church near him. {Engraving.) 
Butler. 

St. Nennocha of 
Brittany 

Abs. c. 467 (June 4). A native 
of Britain, she is said to have 
emigrated into France with 
St. Germanus of Auxerre (July 
31), and to have hved in retire- 
ment near Quimperle, where she 
is principally venerated. Butler, 
Colgan, Chatelain. 

St. Neon 

M. Brother and companion of 
St. Claudius (Aug. 23), q.v. 

St. Neot of Cornwall 

C. c. 877 (July 31). Palmer's 
hat, cross-handled staff and 
rosary. {XVI. cent, window, St. 
Neot's, Cornwall.) Rescuing a 
doe from the hunter. (Ibid.) 
Ploughingwith fourstags. {Ibid.) 
John of Glastonbury, Capgrave, 
Mabillon, Bollandus, etc., also 
Butler (on Oct. 28). 

SS. Nereus and 
Achilleus 

MM. (May 12). In secular 
habits, standing with their 
mistress, St. Flavia Domitilla 

92 



(May 12). {Rubens, S. M. delta 
Vallicella, Rome.) Butler, Euse- 
bius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Nestabo 

M. Companion of St. Eusebius 
(Sept. 8), q.v. 

St. Nestor of Sida in 
Pamphylia 

B.M. 251 (Feb. 27). Praising 
God upon the rack. {Callot.) 
Crucified with ropes. {Old 
engraving.) A cross. {Ikon.) 
Butler, Bede, Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker, Bollandus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Nestor 

M. Companion of St. Eusebius 
(Sept. 8), q.v. 

St. Nicander of Egypt 

M. c. 302 (Mar. 15). Martyred 
for attending to the wants of 
the Christians in prison during 
the Diocletian persecution. Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

SS. Nicander and 
Marcian, of Italy 

MM. 304 (June 17). Two 
soldiers of Antino, tried and 
beheaded by the Governor 
Maximus in the Diocletian per- 
secution. Butler, Mabillon, 
Ruinart, Rom. Mart. 

St. Nicander of Egypt 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Nicanor 

Dn.M. d. c. 76 (Jan. 10). A 
native of Cyprus and one of the 
first seven deacons appointed 
by the Apostles. He was tor- 
tured and executed in the reign 
of Vespasian. Rom. Mart. 

St. Nicasius, and Com- 
panions, of Ecos 

MM. 286 (Oct. 11). St. Nicasius 
in armour under a red mantle 
with a white cross. {Bosier.) 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Nicasius of 
Normandy 

N.D. Episcopal vestments and 
cross, right hand raised in 
blessing. {Lady Chap, window, 
Rouen Cathedral.) 

St. Nicasius, Abp., and 
Companions, of Rheims 

MM. c. 407 pec. 15). Carrying 
upper part of his head, with 
mitre, in his hands. (/. v. 
Schoreel, Munich Gal.) Mar- 
tyred before his church. {Cahier.) 
Butler, St. Gregory of Tours, 
Surius (on Dec. 14), Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Nicephorus of 
Antioch 

M. 260 (Feb. 9). In a tub with 
holes, through which execu- 
tioners torment him. {Callot.) 
A crown in his hand. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Ruinart, Tillemont. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Nicephorus of 
Constantinople 

Patr. 828 (Mar. 13). Son of 
Theodore, a secretary to the 
Emperor Constantine Coprony- 
mus, who resigned his office 
on the Emperor declaring him- 
self against the Church. St. 
Nicephorus, taken into favour 
by the Empress Irene, dis- 
tinguished himself by his fer- 
vour against the iconoclasts, and 
succeeded St. Tarasius (Feb. 25) 
as Patriarch of Constantinople. 
Later, expelled by Michael the 
Stammerer, he died in exile. 
Butler, Fleury, Ceillier. 

St. Nicephorus 

M. Companion of St. Victorinus 
(Feb. 25), q.v. 

SS. Niceta and Aquilina, 
of Lycia 

MM. 3rd cent. (July 24). Two 
sisters, sent to seduce St. Chris- 
topher from the Faith, who 
were themselves converted by 
his teachings, and suffered mar- 
tyrdom. The legend is prob- 
ably apocryphal. Usuardus, 
Ado, Notker, Gk. Rom. Mart. 

St. Nicetas of Bithynia 

Ab.C. 824 (Apr. 3). A co- 
adjutor of St. Nicephorus, (Mar. 
13) and Abbot of Medidion on 
Mt. Olympus, he was twice 
banished, and then imprisoned 
by Leo the Armenian. Released 
on the succession of Michael the 
Stammerer, he entered a her- 
mitage near Constantinople and 
died in retirement. Butler, 
Surius, d'Andilly, Papebroke, 
Fleury, etc. 

St. Nicetas of 
Nicomedia 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 12). Venerated 
at Venice as a son of the Em- 
peror Maximian, converted by a 
dream of Our Lord crucified. 
Many miracles are said to have 
preceded his death after tor- 
tiures inflicted by his father. 
The Acts are fabulous and the 
whole story probably apocry- 
phal. Relics at the Ch. of St. 
Raphael at Venice. Equilinus, 
Pder de Natalibus. 

St. Nicetas of Paph- 
lagonia 

C. c. 838 (Oct. 6). A patrician 
attached to the Court of the 
Empress Irene, he was made 
Prefect of Scily and assisted 
in the translation of the relics 
of St. Euphemia. Later, assum- 
ing the monastic habit, he was 
expelled his monastery for 
opposing iconoclasm, and died 
in exile at Catisia. Gk. Menem 
and Menology. 

St. Nicetas the Goth 

M. c. 372 (Sept. 15). Burnt 
on a funeral pile. (Attrib. der 



Heil.) Butler, Surius, Socrates, 
Sozomen, Stilting, Gk. Men., 
Russ. and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Nicetius of Doubs 

Early 7th cent. (Feb. 8). 
Bishop of Nancy. 

St. Nicetius of Gaul 

4th cent. (May 5). A Bishop 
of Vienne. 

St. Nicetus of Lyons 

B.C. 573 (Apr. 2). A Bur- 
gundian by birth, he succeeded 
his uncle, St. Serdot, as Bishop 
of Lyons. Many miracles are 
related of him and his relics 
are enshrined at his church (St. 
Nizier) at Lyons. Butler, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Nicetus of Treves 

B.C. 566 (Dec. 5). When an 
abbot he is said to have re- 
proved King Thierry for his iU 
manner of me, and on the see 
of Treves falling vacant the 
King presented him to it. He 
attended the Council of Cler- 
mont, the fifth Council of 
Orleans in 549, and the second 
Council of Paris in 551. Butler, 
Bulteau, Bede, Usuardus, 
Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart. 

St. Nicholas the Mystic, 
Patr. of Constantinople 

925 (May 15). 

St. Nicholas of the 
Studium of Constan- 
tinople 

Ab. C. 868 (Feb. 4). Bom in 
Crete, he was sent to Con- 
stantinople at the age of ten, 
where he entered the order of 
the Acoemetes in the monastery 
of the Studiimi. For opposing 
the iconoclasts he and his abbot, 
St. Theodore, were scourged, 
exiled and imprisoned. On the 
accession of Michael the Stam- 
merer he was elected Archi- 
mandrite of the Studium, a 
post he held, with two inter- 
mitting periods, until his death. 
Gk. Men. 

St. Nicholas of Myra 

Abp. C. c. 342 (Dec. 6). Draw- 
ing a ship to the shore with a 
rope. (XIII. cent, window, 
Lincoln Cath.) Three children 
in a tub at his feet. {XVI. cent, 
window, St. Vincent, Rouen.) 
Three purses at his feet. {Fra 
Angelico, Perugia.) Three 
children coming from a chest 
opening at command of the 
saint. {Cath. Chartres.) Three 
golden balls on book. {Roman 
Imperials coins, Capitol, Botti- 
celli, G. Bianchi, A. Scaccorie, 
Primer 15 16. ) Same in his hand. 
{Coins of Freiburgh.) Same at 
his feet. {Dibdin's Decameron.) 
Same on his knee. {Tab. des 
Peintres Primatifs.) Same on 
book before him, kneeUng. 



{Pitti Pal., A. del Sarto.) Three 
loaves on book. {Tomb of St. 
Sebald, Nuremberg.) Six balls 
marked on a book. {Ikon.) 
Three golden apples. {Husenr 
beth.) Handing money or 
bread through a window to 
three poor maidens. {Fra 
Angelico.) Anchor or ship. 
{Chris. Kunst.) Church in his 
hand. {DieHeiligenbild.) Bishop 
without a mitre. {Ca,t. Sanct. 
and Molanus.) Angels bringing 
him mitre and paUivun. {CahierT^ 
Acts xxvii. 5. All Eastern and 
Western Marts. 

St. Nicholas I. of Rome 

Pope. 867 (Nov. 13). A Roman 
by birth, he was ordained sub- 
deeicon by Sergius, deacon by 
Leo, and, much against his will, 
was elected Pope in succession 
to Benedict. Anastasius the 
Librarian, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Nicholas of Sweden 

B.C. 1391 (May 9). Bearded, 
writing in a book, mitre at his 
side. Butler, Chronicle of the 
Bishops of Lincopen. 

St. Nicholas, or Nicetas, 
the Pilgrim of Trani 

C. 1091 (June 2). Bearing a 
cross. {Cahier.) 

St. Nicholas 

M. One of the Seven Franciscan 
Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

Bl. Nicholas Albergati 

B.C. 1443 (n.d.) OUve branch 
in his hand. {Cahier.) 

Bl. Nicholas of Bruges 

O.P. N.D. Holding a lily. {Lib. 
Sanct. Belgii, Woodchester.) 
Holding a fish. {Ibid.) 

Bl. Nicholas von der 
Flue 

H. 1487 (Mar 22). A shepherd 
boy of Unterwalden, he took 
part, as a captain, in the cam- 
paign against Zurich, and was 
later elected Governor of Obwal- 
den. At the age of fifty he 
retired from the world to a 
hermitage at Melchtal, where he 
is said to have existed twenty 
years without sohd food. 
Venerated in Unterwalden. 

St. Nicodemus 

1st cent. (Aug. 3). The Christian 
Pharisee and senator of Jeru- 
salem, who assisted at Our Lord's 
burial, and embalmed His body. 
Butler, Photius, St. John Hi. 5 ; 
vii. 50, and xix. 39. With a 
large urn. {Lorenzetti Acad., 
Siena.) 

St. Nicolas Tolentino of 
Ancona 

C. 1306 (Sept. 10). As a hermit 
of St. Augustin, stars roimd his 
head. {Revue d'Art Chretien.) 
Sun and stars on his breast. 
{PiUi Gal., C. Dolce.) Staff 



Saints and their Emblems 



tipped with a star. [J^iher 
Cronic.) Holding bowl with 
gold and a lily. {Die Heili- 
genbild.) I Devil beating him 
with a club. (Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Crucifix entwined with a lily, 
globe underfoot. (Jameson.) 
Crucifix and hly. [Solitaire.) 
Arms cut ofE long after death, 
and bleeding. (Cahier.) Part- 
ridge on his hand. (Ibid.) 
Angels singing with or before 
him. (Weyen.) Dish with a 
partridge on it. {Cahier.) 
Holding out his girdle to souls 
in purgatory. {Ibid.) Fountain 
obtained by fixing a reed in the 
ground. {Ibid.) Led by an 
angel. {Baring-Gould.) Pur- 
gatory open beside him. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Rom. and Augustine 
Marts. 

St. Nicoletta. See 
St. Colette 

(Mar. 6). 

St. Nicomede of Rome 

P.M. c. 90 (Sept. 15). Club 
set with spikes. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Butler, Bede, Notker, 
Ado, Wandelbert, York, Sarum 
and Hereford Kalendars, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Nicon Metanoite of 
Greece 

C. 998 (Nov. 26). Of noble 
family in Pontus, he fled pri- 
vately, in youth, to a monastery, 
where he lived in great austerity 
for twelve years, afterwards 
becoming a missionaiy in 
Armenia and Crete. He died in 
Peloponnesus. Butler, Baronius, 
Greek and Rom. Kalendars. 

St. Nicostratus 

M. Companion of St. Claudius 
(July 7), q.v. 

St. JSTilammon of Egypt 

H. N.D. (Jan. 6). A hermit near 
Pelusimn who, when selected 
Bishop of Geres by the Patriarch 
Theophilus, prayed that God 
would relieve him of so high a 
position. He died before the 
prayer was finished. Butler, 
Sozomen, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Nilus the Younger, 
of Calabria 

Ab. 1005 (Sept. 26). Holding 
lamp, unlighted but containing 
oil. ijkon.) Figure of Our Lord 
blessing him from a cross. 
{Domenichino.) HeaHng a pos- 
sessed boy with oil from church 
lamp. {Fresco, Grotta Ferrata, 
Domenichino.) Butler, Baronius, 
Fleury, Rom. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Nilus of Constanti- 
nople 

A.C. c. 450 (Nov. 12). A 
Galatian, pupil of St. John 
Chrysostom, who becamePrefect 
of Constantinople, which post 
he resigned to become a hermit 



in the deserts of Sinai. Butler, 
Tillemont, Fabricius, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Marts. 

St. Nilus 

B.M. Companion of St. Peleus 
(Sept. 19), q.v. 

St. Ninian, or Ninyas, of 
Perth 

B. 5th cent. (Sept. 16). A 
noble kneeling at his feet, crown 
on the ground. {Engraving.) 
Chain hanging from wrist. 
{Statuary, Worcester Cath.) 

St. Ninnock or Nimien 

Abs. 8th cent. (n.d.). A stag 
lying at her feet. {Cahier.) 

St. Nissen of Ireland 

Ab. (July 25). He was baptized 
and ordained by St. Patrick, 
who appointed him Abbot of 
Mountgarret, co. Wexford, of 
which place he is titular saint. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Nithard of Sweden 

P.M. c. 840 (Feb. 3). A nephew 
of Bishop Gauzbert, he accom- 
panied Ms uncle on his mission 
to Sweden, where he was slain 
for his denunciation of Thor 
and Odin. Lifeof St. Anscharius, 
Adam of Bremen. 

St. Nivard, or Nivon, of 
Rheims 

Abp. c. 673 (Sept. i). Of the 
royal family of Austrasia, he 
was brother to St. Gundebert, 
and was elected Archbishop of 
Rheims about the year 649. 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Nizier. See 
St. Nicetius 

(Apr. 2). 

St. Noalven. See 
St. Noyala 

(July 6). 

St. Nonna 

Matr. c. 374 (Aug. 5). Mother 
of St. Gregory Nazianzen. 

St. Nonnosus of 
Mt. Soracte 

Ab. 6th cent. (Sept. 2). A 
mountain before him in the 
clouds. {Callot.) Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Nonnus of 
Mesopotamia 

c. 468 (Dec. 2). Preaching to 
St. Pelagia. Pen. {Menology 
of St. Paul.) Baptizing St. 
Pelagia. {Das. Pass?) 

St. Norbert of Magde- 
burg 

Abp. 1134 (June 6). Founder 
of the Norbertine Order. Hold- 
ing up chalice with Host in his 
right hand. {Vatican, Fil. 
Bigioli.) Angel holding mon- 
strance before him. {Old en- 

94 



graving.) Episcopal vestments 
brought him by the B.V. Mary. 
{Callot.) Holding jointly with 
St. Thomas Aquinas a mon- 
strance in his left hand, a long 
cross and olive branch in his 
right. {Painting, convent of St. 
Leonard' s-on-Sea.) Chalice with 
a spider in it. {Ikon.) Devil 
chained at his feet. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Assassin attempting 
his hfe with a dagger in the 
confessional. {Gueffier.) Hold- 
ing a ciborium. {Butler.) Butler, 
Rom. and Norbertine Marts., etc. 

St. Nothburga 

W. 8th or 9th cent. (n.d.). With 
nine children ; or with eight 
on her arm and the ninth dead 
at her feet. {Ikon.) 

St. Nothburga of the 
Tyrol 

V. 1315 (Sept. 14). Carrying 
bread and sickle. {Attrib. der 
Heil. ) Ibid. , and a heavy weight 
lying near her. {Bavaria Pia.) 
As a nun. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
In a cornfield, sickle or scythe 
near her. {Bilder Legende.) 
Tyrolese peasant girl, with keys 
at her side. {Paintings, Tyrol.) 
In cornfield, Tyrolese peasant's 
dress, bunch of keys at girdle 
and sickle in her hand. {Tyrolese 
pictures.) 

St. Nothelm of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. c. 740 (Oct. 17). Successor 
to Archbishop Tatwin about 
the year 736. He is said to have 
aided the Venerable Bede in his 
Ecclesiastical History. Bede, 
Greven, Bollandus. 

Bl. Notker Balbulus of 
St. Gall 

Mk. 912 (Apr. 6). A native of 
Thurgau who at an early age 
entered the monastery of St. 
Gall and became distinguished 
for his musical talent and know- 
ledge of divinity. A Life by 
Dean Eckhardt, St. Gall. 

St. Novatus of Rome 

p. 151 (June 20). Son of the 
Senator Pudeus and brother 
to SS. Timothy, Pudentiana 
and Praxedes (July 21). Ado, 
Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Noyala of Brittany 

y.M. N.D. (July 6). Venerated 
in the diocese of Vaimes, the 
popular tradition being that 
she was a British maiden who 
floated over to Brittany with 
her nurse on the leaf of a tree. 
A chapel dedicated to her at 
Pontivy was remarkable in the 
eighteenth century for a series 
of paintings representing her 
walking to Pontivy with her 
head in her hands after her 
decapitation at Beignan. Sup- 
plement to Saussaye's Gall. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Nunilo and Alodia, 
of Spain 

W. MM. 851 (Oct. 22). Two 
daughters of a Christian woman 
married to a Moor at Huesca. 
On the persecution of Abderah- 
man breaking out they were 
brought before the Cadi of 
Huesca and executed in prison 
with the sword. Relics at 
Leger, in Navarre. Rom. and 
S-pn. Marts. 

St. Nympha of Tuscany 

V. 5th cent. (Nov. 10). A 
virgin of Palermo who fled 
into Italy from the Gotiis and 
died at Siena. Relics at the 
Church of St. Trypho (Nov. 10). 
now St. Austin at Rome. 
Butler. 

SS. Nymphas and 
Eubulus 

1st cent. (Feb. 28). Two friends 
of St. Paul. St. Nymphas, a 
Laodicean, is mentioned in the 
Epistle to the Colossians and St. 
Eubulus in the Second Epistle 
to St. Timothy as being with 
St. Paul at Rome. 

St. Nymphodora 

V.M. Companion of St. Meno- 
dora (Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. Octavius and Com- 
panions, of Turin 

MM. c. 286 (Nov. 20). Three 
martyrs mentioned in a sermon 
attributed to St. Ambrose but 
probably written by St. Maxi- 
mus of Turin. 

St. Ocycellus. See 
St. Ascylus 

(Dec. 23). 

St. Oda of Li^ge 

W. 723 (Oct. 23). Church in 
her hand. {Cahier.) Belg. 
Marts. 

Ven. Ode of Brabant 

V. 1158 (Apr. 20). Daughter 
of one Wibert, a man of good 
position, she is said to have cut 
ofi her own nose to avoid a 
marriage forced on her by her 
father, afterwards becoming a 
Norbertine canoness in the 
priory of Bonne Esperance in 
Hainault, where she died. Nor- 
bertine and Belg. Marts. 

St. Odhran of lona 

Ab. 563 (Oct. 27). Abbot of 
lona andTyfamham, co. Meath. 
Oronsay is named after him, as 
also Killoran in Colonsay. Irish 
and Scot. Marts. 

St. Odila 

V.M. c. 451 (n.d.) Praying at 
an altar. (Cahier.) 



St. Odilia. 
St. Othilia 

pec. 13). 



See 



St. Odilo, Abbot of 
Cluny 

1040 (Jan. 1). Two cups or 
goblets. {Cat. Sanct.) Address- 
mg his monks. (Callot.) Banner 
with red and white cross upon 
it. (Cahier.) Regarding a skull 
at his feet. {Ibid.) Contem- 
plating purgatory. {Ibid,) The 
Empress AUce kissing the hem 
of his robe. {Butler.) Saying 
Mass, purgatory opening beside 
the altar, its sufferers extend- 
ing their hands towards him. 
{Baring-Gould.) Butler, Ma- 
billon, Rom. Mart. 

St. Odo of Canterbury 

Abp. c. 960 (Feb. 7 and July 4). 
Bom of Danish parents in East 
Anglia. Ordained priest at 
Rome ; made Bishop of Wilton 
by King Athelstan, and later 
succeeded Wulfhelm as Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury. Butler, 
Wm. of Malmesbury, Florence 
of Worcester, an eleventh-century 
Life by Osborn of Canterbury or 
Eadmen, a disciple of St. Anselm. 
Molanus, Greven, Saussaye, 
Wytford, Bollandus, etc., etc. 

St. Odo, Ab., of Cluny 

C. 943 (Nov. 18). Stripping 
himself to clothe the poor. 
{Weyen.) Abbot holding a 
short cross. {Colum. milit. 
Eccl.) Mabillon, Rom., Gall, and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. OdoofUrgel 

B. 1122 (July 7). See St, 
Eudeo. 

St. Odo. See St. Eudeo 

(July 7). 
Bl. Odo, B., of Cambrai 

1113 (June 19). Bom at Orleans, 
he taught philosophy at Toid 
imtil offered the charge of the 
school at Toumai. Converted 
to religion by perusal of St. 
Augustine's works, he settled in 
the ruined Abbey of St. Martin, 
adopting the Benedictine rule. 
Thirteen years later he was 
elected Bishop of Cambrai, but 
was ejected by the townsfolk, 
and died in retirement in the 
Abbey of Auchin. Gall, and 
Belg. Marts. 

Bl. Odo of Ghent 

O.P. N.D. Ray of light shining 
on him. {Lib. Sanct. Belgii, 
Woodchester.) 

St. Odran of Ireland 

M. c. 451 (Feb. 19). Chariot- 
driver to St. Patrick, he over- 
heard a plot against his master's 
life and, changing places with 
him, was assassinated in his 
stead. Jocelyn's Life of St. 
Patrick, Tamlacht and Donegal 
Marts. 

St. Odran 

V. Brother of St. Medran 
(July 7). <!•■"■ 

95 



St. Odrian of Waterford 

B. N.D. (May 8). Titular saint 
of Waterford. Ware's Irish 
Bishops. 

St. Odulph, Canon of 
Utrecht 

C. 9th cent. (July 18). Dish 
in his hand. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Butler, Bollandists. 

St. Oduvald of Melrose 

Ab. C. d. 698 (May 26). A 
Scottish nobleman of Laudon, 
who entered and became Abbot 
of the Abbey of Melrose. Butler, 
Chronicles of Scone and 
Elphisfon. 

St. Olaf, Olave or Olaus, 
of ISTorway 

K.M. 1030 (July 29). King, 
crowned and seated, holding 
cross and battle-axe. {Seal of 
St. Olave' s, Herringfleet, Suffolk.) 
Halbert and loaf. {Screen, 
Barton Turf.) Ladder seen by 
him in a vision. {Cahier.) 
Sceptre and sword. {Arbor 
Past.) Dagger in his hand. 
{Ikon.) Rom., Norm., Dan., 
Swed. and Ang. Marts. 

St. Olaille. See 
St. Eulalia 

(Feb. 12). 

St. Olcan of Ireland 

B. c. 500 (Feb. 20). Bishop of 
Dercan, co. Antrim, he is said 
to have baptized one Saran, 
a chief, who had incurred the 
malediction of St. Patrick, and 
to have fallen under that saint's 
displeasure. Wytford, Lives of 
St. Patrick, Tamlacht and 
Donegal Marts. 

Bl. Oldegar of Spain 

(Mar. 6). Bishop of Barcelona 
and Archbishop of Tarragona. 

St. Oliva of Anagni 

V.M. 2nd cent. (Junes). Hang- 
ing by her hair over a fumace. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Olon. See St. Odilo 

(Jan. I). 

SS. Olympas and 
Tertius 

1st cent. (Nov. 10). Two dis- 
ciples of St. Paul the Apostle. 

St. Olympias of Con- 
stantinople 

W. c. 410 (Dec. 17). Kneeling, 
skull, crucifix, book and rosary 
at her feet. {Butler.) Letters of 
St. John Chrysostom, Sozomen, 
Butler, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

SS. Olympias and 
Maximus, of Persia 

MM. 251 (Apr. 15). Holding 
crowbars. {Baring - Gould^ 

Hrabanus, Usuardus, Ado, Not- 
ker, Mod. Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Olympius of Ostia 

(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com- 
panion of St. Censurinus, q.v. 

St. Omer of Artois 

B.C. c. 670 (Sept. 9). RoUing 
in thoms. (Cahier.) Shrine 
near him. {Ibid.) Causing water 
to spring up for baptizing a 
sick child. (Ibid.) Butler, 
Mabillon, BoUandists, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Omobuono of 
Cremona 

N.D. Beggar at his feet. (B. 
Montagna, Berlin Gal.) Filling 
flasks at a stream. [SS. Egidio 
e Omobuono, Cremona.) Jameson. 

St. Onesimus of Ephesus 

B.M. 107 (Feb. 16). Stoned 
to death. {Callot.) Epistle to 
the Ephesians. 

St. Onesimus of Picardy 

c. 360 (May 13). Bishop of 
Soissons. 

St. Onesimus, Dp. of 
St. Paul 

c. 95 (Feb. 16). A Phrygian 
slave to Philemon of Colossas, 
and later the bearer of St. Paul's 
Epistle to the Colossians. He 
is said to have suffered under 
Domitian. Butler, Bede, Ado, 
Usuardus, St. Jerome, Coloss. iv., 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

SS. Onesiphorus and 
Porphyry, of Paros 

MM. ist cent. (Sept. 6). St. 
Onesiphorus, a disciple of St. 
Paul, was taken with his servant 
Porphyry, at Paros, in the Hel- 
lespont, and martyred by being 
tied to the tails of wild horses. 
Bede, Usuardus, Hrabanus, 
Wandelbert, etc. ; Epistle to St. 
Timothy [i. 16-18 ; iv. 19). 

St. Onolaus, or Onslow. 
See St. Winwaloe 

St. Onuphrius, Onuphre 
or Onofrio, of Egypt 

H. 4th cent. (June 12). Covered 
with his long hair, crown, 
sceptre, and money at his feet. 
{Spanish Gal. , Louvre, Jameson.) 
Hairy man with girdle of palm 
leaves. {Buffalmacco.) Clothed 
in skins. {Die Heiligenbild.) On 
his hands and feet, pursued by 
hounds. {Ibid.) Angel bringing 
him bread. {T'bosch der Erem.) 
Angel blessing him. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Angel bringing him 
food in a bowl. {Husenbeth.) 
Clothed with leaves. {Ikon.) 
Butler, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Opportuna of 
Montreuil 

V. Abs. c. 769 (Apr. 22). B.V. 
Mary appearing to her on her 
death-bed. {Callot.) Casket and 



crosier. {Add. MS. Brit. Mus.) 
Inflamed heart in her hand. 
(Solitaire.) Appearing to a 
drowning man and saving him. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon. 

St. Optatus of 
Milevum 

B.C. c. 380 (June 4). Trampling 
on the enemies of the faith. 
(Callot.) Butler, Tillemont, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Optatus and Com- 
panions, of Saragossa 

MM. 304 (Apr. 16). Eighteen 
martyrs under the Governor 
Dacian in the Diocletian per- 
secution. With them suffered 
St. Encratia, and two others, 
SS. Caius and Crementius, died 
under a second torturing. Butler, 
Prudentius. 

St. Orcas or Ozias 

N.D. Holding a bird with its 
head downwards. (Window, 
Hey don Ch.) 

Bl. Ordoric of Udine 

O.S.F. 1331 (Jan. 14). Bom 
at Pordenone, he entered the 
Franciscan Order at an early 
age and spent sixteen years 
in a mission to the Far 
East, including China, Japan 
and Thibet. Bollandus, Mac- 
Farlane's Romance of Travel. 

St. Orens. See 
St. Oriens 

(May i). 

St. Orestes of Tyana 

M. c. 304 (Nov. 9). Dragged by 
wild horses. (Cahier.) 

St. Orestes 

M. Companion of St. Eustratus 
(Dec. 13), q.v. 

St. Orgonne. See 
St. Aldegund 

(Jan. 30). 

St. Oriens, or Orientus, 
of Auch 

B. 439 (May i). Bom at Hues- 
car, in Spain, he sold his pro- 
perty, gave the price to the 
poor, and became a hermit in 
the valley of Lavedan. When 
Bishop of Auch he was sent as 
an ambassador from Theodoric 
the Ostrogoth to the Romcin 
general, Aetius. Rom. and Gall. 
Marts. 

Bl. Oringa or Christina 

V. d. 1310 (Jan. 10). Bom at 
Sta. Croce of poor parents, she 
kept cattle on her brother's 
farm, where she became re- 
nowned for her pilgrimages and 
piety. Acta Sand. 

St. Osburga 

Crowned, holding book and 
sceptre. (Window, Liverpool 
Cathedral.) 

96 



St. Oskull. See 
St. Eskill 

(June 12). 

St. Osmanna ol 
St. Brieuc 

V. 7th cent. (Sept. 9). Of an 
illustrious Irish famUy, she em- 
braced the solitary hfe in 
Brittany. Her rehcs were at 
the Abbey of St. Denis, but 
part of them were dispersed by 
the Calvinists in 1567. Butler, 
Capgrave, Suysken. 

St. Osmund of Salisbury 

B. 1099 (Dec. 4). Book of the 
SanunUseinhishand. (Cahier.) 
Church in his hand. (Husen- 
beth.) Btitler, Wm. of Malmes- 
bury, Sarum Kalendar, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Oswald, K. of 
Northumbria 

M. 642 (Aug. 5). Holding a 
dish. (Statuary, Wells Cath.) 
Sceptre and cross. (Coins of 
Berg. St. James Norwich; 
Arbor Past.) King preaching 
from a pulpit. (Hornchurch, 
Essex.) Blowing a horn. (Win- 
dow, Durham Cath.) Holding 
a ciborium, thereon a raven with 
a ring in its bill. (Window, 
Vincent Collection.) Dove over 
his head. (Ikon.) Butler, Bede, 
Saxon Chronicle, Sarum and 
York Kalendar s, Scot., Rom. 
and Belg. Marts. 

St. Oswald of York 

Abp. 992 (Feb. 29). Driving 
the devil oft a large stone. 
(Lives of Saints, F. Porter.) 
Maurolycus, Florence of Wor- 
cester, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Wilson, Wyon, Menardus, 
Romsey Chronicle, etc. 

St. Oswin, K. of 
Deira 

M. 651 (Aug. 20). Holding a 
spear. (Brass of Abbot Delamere.) 
Spear and sceptre. (Seal of 
Tynemouth Priory.) Butler, Cap- 
grave, Bede, Alford, etc. 

St. Osyth of Essex 

V.M. Late 7th cent. (Oct. 7). 
Carrying her head in her hand. 
(XV. cent, window, \ Long 
Melford; Seal of St. ' Osyth 
Chick.) Crown on a table before 
her. (Weyen.) A stag near her. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Alford, Leland; 
Brussels, Lubeck and Cologne 
Marts. 

St. Otger 

Companion of St. Plechelm 

(July 15). q-v. 
St. Othilia of Alsace 

V. Abs. 772 (Dec. 13). Holding 
a lUy and receiving from her 
father, Adalric, the key of his 
new convent at Hohenburg. 
(Hohenburg, Dr Von Pfeffinger.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Abbess with two eyes on a book.* 
{f rimer 1516.) Abbess with two 
eyes lying at her feet.* \yimim 
Gal., Cignarola.) Holding a 
cup or chaHce. {Solitudo.) 
Praying for the soul of her 
father. {Passionael.) 

St. Othmar of St. Gall 

Ab. c. 759 (Nov. 16). Keg of 
wine in his hand. {Liber Cronic.) 
Monks building monastery near 
him. {Passionael.) 

St. Otho of Ariano 

H. 1120 (n.d.) Falcon perched 
on a cottage. {Ikon.) Falcon 
perched on his cell. {Cahier.) 

St. otto, or Otho, of 
Bamberg 

B. Apostle of Pomerania. 
1139 (July 2). Making arrows 
into naUs at a forge. {Chris. 
Kunst.) Holding arrows. {Die 
Hiligenbild.) Holding arrows 
and a knife. {German picture.) 
Butler, Surius, Bollandists, Rom. 
and Ger. Marts. 

St. Oudard. See 
St. Odo 

(June 19). 

St. Oudoc, or Oudoceus, 
B., of LlandafF 

C. Late 6th cent. (July 2). 
Nephew of St. TeUo, second 
Bishop of Llandaif, whom he 
succeeded in the see. Butler, 
Wharton, Usher, Lohineau, 
Wilson, Wytford, etc. 

St. Ouen of Rouen 

B. 683 (Aug. 24). Blessing 
a chUd, standing by a well. 
{Window, Rouen Cathedral.) A 
shipwreck near him. {Ibid.) 
Open book and pastoral staff, 
right hand blessing. {XV. cent, 
window, St. Ouen, Rouen.) His 
coffin in a boat. {Cahier.) Cross 
appearing in the air. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Surius, Bollandists, Rom. 
and Gall. Marts. 

St. Ouil. See 
St. Augulus 

(Feb. 7?| 

St. Owen of Lastingham 

Mk. Late 7th cent. (Mar. 4). 
Accompanied Queen Ethel- 
dreda from East Angha and 
became the governor of her 
household. Renoiracing the 
world, he entered the monastery 
of St. Chad at Lastingham, 
where he died, St. Chad having 
foretold his death. Bede; Ang. 
and Bene. Marts. 

* There is possibly some confusion 
between this saint and St. Lucy, 
who has the same symbol (though 
not the same abbess' s robes) and who 
is commemorated on the same day. 
This confusion may bear on the 
tradition that St. Othiha was born 
bUnd, but recovered her sight at 
baptism. Butler, Mabillon, Ado, 
Molanus, Rom. Mart. 

N 



St. Oyend. See 
St. Eugendus 

(Jan. iT 

St. Ozias. See St. Orcas 

(N.D.) 

St. Pachomius of Egypt 

Ab. c. 348 (May 14). Angel 
appearing to him. {C allot.) 
Angel bnnging him a monastic 
rule. {Cahier.) Walking among 
serpents. {Ibid.) Butler, Tille- 
mont, Ceillier, Helyot, Pape- 
broke, Bede, Usuardus, Ado, 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Pacian of Spain 

B. 4th cent. (Mar. 9). Bishop 
of Barcelona and religious 
writer. Some of his works are 
still extant. His son, Flavins 
Dexter, Chamberlain to the 
Emperor Theodosius, was an 
intimate friend of St. Jerome. 
Butler, St. Jerome, Ceillier, Tille- 
mont. Ado, N other, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pacificus 

C. 1721 (n.d.) Cross and lily. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Padarn of Vannes 

B. 560 (Apr. 15). Bom in 
Brittany, he emigrated to Wales 
and entered the college of St. 
Iltutus, afterwards foimding the 
see of Llanbodam, in Cardigan- 
shire, of which he became first 
Bishop. Twenty-one years later 
he returned to Brittcmy and 
became Bishop of Vannes, but, 
unable to agree with the other 
Armorican bishops, he took 
refuge with the Franks and 
died in retirement. John of 
Tynemouth, Porter, Wytford, 
A If or d. 

St. Paesis 

M. Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. 

St. Pair. See 
St. Paternus 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Palsemon of Egypt 

H.C. 4th cent. (Jan. 11). Re- 
ceiving St. Pachomius. {P&res 
des Deserts.) Winding off skeins 
of thread. {Cahier.) Life of 
St. Pachomius. 

St. Palladia 

M. Companion of St. Susanna 
(May 24), q.v. 

St. Palladius of Orleans 

634 (Apr. 10). Bishop of 
Auxerre. 

St. Palladius, or Pallais, 
of Saintes 

B. c. 600 (Oct. 7). Was present 
as Bishop of Saintes at the 
synod of Paris in 573. He also 
erected the churches of St 
Martin and SS. Peter and Paul 
at Saintes, and translated 

97 



thither the body of St. Eutropius 
(Apr. 30). Gregory of Tours, 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Palladius, Apostle 
of Scotland 

B. c. 450 (July 6). Episcopal 
vestments, red cope and gloves. 
{Engraving.) Butler, Usher, 
Keith, Bollandists. 

St. Palladius of Syria 

H. Late 4th cent. (Jan. 28). 
A friend of Simon the Ancient. 
The only legend surviving of 
his Ufe is that he is said to have 
caused a dead man to point out 
his murderer. Theodoret. 

St. Pallets. See 
St. Hippolytus 

(Feb. 31. 

St. Palmatius 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Palmatius 

M. Companion of St. Cale- 
podius (May 10), q.v. 

St. Pambo of Nitria 

Ab. 385 (Sept. 6). A pupil of 
St. Antony the Great. After 
leaving his master he settled 
in the Nitrian deserts, where he 
lived by making baskets, only 
leaving his cell when desired by 
St. Athanasius to visit Alex- 
andria and confute the Arians. 
Butler, Palladius, Rufinus, Sozo- 
men, Tillemont, etc. 

St. Pambo 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Pamphilius of the 
Abruzzi 

7th cent. (Apr. 28). Bishop of 
Solmona. 

St. Pamphilus, P., and 
Companions, of 
Caesarea 

MM. 309 (June i). A razor 
in his hand. {Attrtb. der Heil.) 
Butler, Ceillier, Eusebius, St. 
Jerome, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Pancharius of 
Nicomedia 

M. 3rd cent. (Mar. 19). A 
secretary to the Emperor 
Maximian. Refusing to re- 
nounce his faith, he was 
scourged and put to the sword 
by his master's orders. Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Pancras, or 
Pancratius, of Rome 

M. 304 (May 12). Banner, with 
cross and palm. {Engraving.) 
Sword and stone in his hands. 
{Die Heiligenbild.) Youth 
crowned ; holding book and 
palm ; Saracen underfoot. 
{Brass of Prior Nelond Cow- 
fold.) Boy, with sword and 



Saints and their Emblems 



palm. [Baring-Gould.) Butler, 
St. Gregory of Tours, Rom. Mart, 

St. Pancras of Taormina 

B.M. istcent. (Apr. 3). Apostle 
of Sicily. Said to have been sent 
by St. Peter to preach the 
Gospel in Sicily, where he was 
stoned to death for throwing 
idols into the sea. Ado, Notker, 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Pansemne 

Pen. Companion of St. Theo- 
phanes (June 10), q.v. 

St. Pantaenus. Father 
of the Church of 
Alexandria 

C. 216 (July 7). Lecturing 
from a pulpit. (Icon. Sanct.) 
Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius, 
Ceillier, Ado, Notker, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Pantaleon of 
Nicomedia 

M. c. 305 (July 27). Bound to 
an ohve-tree, has uplifted hands 
nailed to the trunk. (Jatneson.) 
As the last, with sword at feet. 
{Pictures, Venice.) Healing a 
sick child. {P. Veronese, St. 
Pantaleon, Venice.) Nail through 
his hands into his head. {Lib. 
Cronic.) Pushed from a rock 
with a pitchfork, (C allot.) 
KiUed with a club. {Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Stone tied to his neck, 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Sword and 
vase. (Cath., Bonn.) Butler, 
Bosch, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Pantalus of Basle 

B.M. 451 (Oct. 12). Is said to 
have accompanied St. Ursula 
and her virgins down the Rhine 
to Cologne. His hfe is probably 
apocryphal, no mention of it 
being known before 1155. Acta 
Sanct., Ferrarius, Lubeck- 
Cologne Mart. 

St. Papas of Persia 

Companion of St. Narses 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

St. Papas of Lycaonia 

M. c. 300 (Mar. 16). Mar- 
tyred in the Maximian persecu- 
tion by being scourged and 
then driven through the streets 
of Laranda with horseshoes 
nailed to his feet. Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Paphnutius of 
Egypt 

B.Cf. c. 350 (Sept. 11). Working 
in the mines. {C allot.) Angel 
giving hitn a monastic rule. 
(Ikon.) Butler, Stilting, Copt, 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Paphnutius of the 
Thebaid 

M. c. 303 (Sept. 24). Bound to 
a paim-tree. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on 
Sept. 25). 



St. Papias of Phrygia 

B. Early 2nd cent. (Feb. 22). 
Bishop of Hierapolis, where he 
was visited by the daughters 
of St. Phihp the Apostle. He 
wrote a work, " Tlie Interpreta- 
tion of Our Lord's Declaration." 
Eusebius, St. Jerome, Rom. Mart. 

St. Papias 

M. Companion of St. Peregrinus 
(July 7). ^-v- 

St. Papias 

M. Companion of St. Paul 
(Jan. 18), q.v. 

St. Papias 

M. (Feb. 25). Companion of St. 
Victorinus, q.v. Was cast into 
the sea with a stone about his 
neck during the Decian per- 
secution. 

St. Papoule. See 
St. Papulus 

(Nov. 3). 

St. Pappian of Sicily 

M. c. 250 (June 28). Martyred 
at Mylas during the Decian 
persecution by being stretched 
between four posts and beaten, 
and then cast into boihng oil. 
Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Pappolus of Lorraine 

c. 600 (Nov. 20). Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Papulus of Toulouse 

P.M. 3rd cent. (Nov. 3). Mar- 
tyred at Louragais, a small 
territory in Languedoc, nine 
leagues from Toulouse. Acts of 
St. Saturninus of Toulouse, Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Papylus 

Dn.M. Companion of St. Carpus 
(Apr. 13), q.v. Holding a cmb, 
pyre near him. 

St. Papyrius 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Paracodius of 
Toulouse 

c- 239 (Jan. i). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Pardulphus 

Ab. 737 (n.d.). Curing the 
blind. {Cahier.) 

St. Parmenas 

Dn. Late ist cent. (Jan. 23). 
One of the first Seven Deacons. 

St. Parre. See 
St. Patroclus 

(Jan. 21). 

St. Parthenius of 
Lampsacus 

B.C. 4th cent. (Feb. 7 or May 
13). Killing a mad dog with 
sign of the cross. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) A Life by his contem- 
porary, Christinus of Lampsacus, 
Gk. Men. 

98 



St. Paschal I., Pope of 
Rome 

824 (May 14). Successor to 
Pope Stephen IV., he became 
celebrated for his care of the 
churches in Rome and also dis- 
covered the body of St. Cecilia in 
the catacomb of Praetextatus. 
Anastasius the Librarian, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Paschal Baylon of 
Villa Reale 

C. 1592 (May 17). Vision of 
chahce and Host. {Ikon.) 
Franciscan before the B. Sacra- 
ment, his staff and bundle on 
the ground. {Painting, Domeni- 
chino.) As the last, B.V. Maiy 
appearing to him. (Hueberus.) 
Keeping sheep. {Cahier.) But- 
ler, Papebroke. 

St. Pascharius of the 
Loire 

B.C. 7th cent. (July 10). 
Bishop of Nantes. 

St. Paschasius Radbert 
of Soissons 

C. c. 865 (Apr. 26). A pupil of 
St. Adalhardt of Corbie (Jan. 2), 
with whom he journeyed into 
Saxony and founded the 
monastery of New Corbie. St. 
Adalhardt dying in 826, was 
succeeded by Abbots Wala and 
Isaac, St. Radbert succeeding 
Abbot Isaac. Butler, Sirmond, 
Menardus, Ceillier, Rom. and 
Bene. Marts. 

St. Paschasius of 
Toulouse 

c. 313 (Feb. 22). A Bishop of 
Vienne. 

SS. Pasicrates and 
Valentio, of Doros- 
torium 

MM. N.D. (May 25). Two 
soldiers, natives of Silistria, 
tried and beheaded by the 
praetor Pappian. Usuardus, 
Ado, Notker, Gk. Men. (on 
Apr. 24). 

St. Pastor of Rome 

p. 2nd cent. (July 26). Said 
to have been the brother of 
Pope Pius I. and to have 
wntten the Acts of SS. Puden- 
tiana and Praxedis. The above 
Acts, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Pastor. See 
St. Justus 

(Aug. 12). 

St. Pastor of Alcala 

M. Brother of St. Justus 
(Aug. 6), q.v. 

St. Paterius of 
Lombardy 

c. 600 (Feb. 21). Bishop of 
Brescia. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Patermuth and 
Companions, of Egypt 

MM. N.D. (July 9). SS. Pater- 
muth and Copres, two hermits 
said to have been condemned 
by the Emperor Julian, the 
first to be cast into a fiery 
furnace and the second to have 
his tongue torn out by hot 
pincers, were miraculously de- 
Uvered from the fire. St. Alex- 
ander, a soldier standing by, 
was converted by the miracle, 
and aU three were put to death 
by the sword. Menology of 
Basil, Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 
(on Dec. 17). 

St. Patermuthes 

M. Companion of St. Peleus 
(Sept. 19), q.v. 

St. Paternus of 
Avranches 

B.C. c. 565 (Apr. 15). Serpents 
about him. {Chris. Kunst.) 
Bringing water out of a rock. 
{Cahier^ Butler, Mabillon, 
Fleury, etc. 

St. Paternus. See 
St. Padarn 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Patiens of Metz 

B. c. 152 (Jan. 8). In his 
episcopal vestments. {XVI. 
cent, window. Metz Cath.) Hra- 
banus, Notker, Cologne and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Patiens of the Rhone 

c. 480 (Sept. 11). An Arch- 
bishop of Lyons. 

St. Patier. See 
St. Paternus 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Patricia of Naples 

V. 7th cent. (Aug. 25). On a 
pilgrimage with two com- 
panions. {C allot.) 

St. Patrician of Scotland 

5th cent. (Nov. 28). Bishop of 
Sutherland. 

St. Patricius of Bithynia 

B.M. N.D. (Apr. 28). Bishop 
of Prusa, he was condemned by 
Julius, proconsul of Bithjmia, 
to be thrown into a vat of 
boiling water, whence he was 
taJcen out and beheaded. Butler, 
Ruinart, Masschio, Canisius, 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. (on 
May 19). 

St. Patrick, Apostle 
and Patron Saint of 
Ireland 

465 (Mar. 17). Trampling on 
serpents. {Molanus.) Chasing 
reptiles. {Arbor Past.) Driving 
serpents from a cave. {Callot.) 
Serpents at his feet. {Ikon.) 
A fire before him. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) Font near him. {Cahier.) 
Devil holding him in a fire, 



angelj protecting him. {Pas- 
sionael?) Butler, Bede, Usuardus, 
Ado, etc., and all Western Marts. 

St. Patrobas of 
Pateoli 

B. One of the Seventy, and 
companion of St. Philologus 
(Nov. 4), q.v. 

St. Patroclus of Troyes 

M. c. 272 (Jan. 21). Finding a 
cross in his hermitage. {Cahier.) 
Bollandus. 

St. Paul the Apostle of 
Rome 

M. 65 (June 30, and his con- 
version on Jan. 25). Holding 
a sword, covering his right eye 
with his hand. {XV. cent, 
window, Doddiscombsleigh.) 

Holding book and sword. {X. 
cent, mosaic, Vatican; Rood- 
screens, Filby and Edingthorpe.) 
Holding two swords. {Statue, 
St. Sebalds, Nuremberg, Primer 
1516.) Resting on sword. 
{Roodscreens, Aylsham, Lessing- 
ham, Belaugh ; Font, Stalham.) 
Holding a sword. {Roodscreens, 
Tunstead, Ranworth, etc.) Three 
springs where his head bounded. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) All. Marts. 

St. Paul de Leon of 
Brittany 

B.C. 573 (Mar. 12). Fish with 
a beU in its mouth near him. 
{Cahier.) With a bell. {Baring- 
Gould.) Cruse of water and loaf . 
{Ibid.) Driving a dragon into 
the sea. {Ibid.) Butler, Bol- 
landists, Lobineau, Le Cointe, 
Breviary of Nantes, etc. 

St. Paul of Constanti- 
nople 

B.M. c. 350 (June 7). Stole 
in his hand. {Ikon.) Strangled. 
{Blaise.) Butler, Socrates, Sozo- 
men, Tillemont, Baert the Bol- 
landist, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., 

St. Paul the New, of 
Constantinople 

M. 766 (July 8). A layman who, 
protesting against iconoclasm, 
had his nose cut oft by order of 
the Emperor Constantino Cop- 
ronymus. Three days later, 
ordered to trample on images 
of Our Lord and His Mother, 
he refused, whereupon he was 
blinded and dragged over the 
stones of the market-place imtil 
he died. Baring-Gould. Vener- 
ated at Venice. 

St. Paul of the Cross of 
Rome 

C. 1775 (Oct. 18). Founder of 
the Passionists. Bom of the 
noble family of Montferrat, 
he joined the army, but, finding 
he had missed his vocation, 
retired and embraced the re- 
ligious Ufe. Canonised 1867. 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

99 



St. Paul of Cyprus 

M. c. 760 (Mar. 17). Condemned 
by the governor Theophanes 
Lardotyrus to be racked and 
otherwise tortured, and finally 
buried alive for refusing to 
stamp on a crucifix in the per- 
secution of the iconoclasts. Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Paul, the First 
Hermit of Egypt 

342 (Jan. 15). 'Lions digging 
his grave near him. {Fresco, 
Campo Santo, Pisa.) Raven 
bringing him a loaf. {Rood- 
screen, Wolborough.) Dividing 
a loaf with St. Anthony. {Cat. 
Sanct.) Wearing a cloaJc of 
palm leaves. {Solitudo.) Cloak 
of box leaves. {Molanus.) Close- 
fitting garment of woven green 
palm leaves. {Fra Angelico, 
Predella.) His Life by St. 
Jerome, Mod. Greek and Latin 
Marts, (on above date) ; Bede, 
AncientRom. and Cologne Marts. 
(on Jan. 10) ; York Breviary 
(on Jan. 29). 

St. Paul the Simple, of 
Egypt 

H. c. 350 (Mar. 7). A labourer 
from a village in the Thebaid, 
who became one of the first 
disciples of St. Anthony. Pal- 
ladius, Rufinus, Sozomen, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Paul and thirty-six 
Companions, of Eg3rpt 

MM. N.D. (Jan. 18). Thirty- 
seven Christian noblemen who 
divided themselves into four 
separate bands, headed by SS. 
Paul, Recombus, Theonas and 
Papias, going north, south, 
east and west, to preach the 

fospel. Arrested bythegovemor, 
S. Paul, Theonas and their 
companions were condemned to 
be burnt, St. Recombus' party 
to be beheaded and St. Papias' 
party to be crucified. Butter, 
Ruinart. 

St. Paul of France 

Early 5th cent. (Feb. i). A 
Bishop of Trois-Chateaux. 

St. Paul of Latrus 

H. 956 (Dec. 20). Son of an 
officer in the Grecian fleet, on 
his father's death he placed 
himself under the instruction 
of the Abbot of Carya, on Mt. 
Latrus, where he became a 
recluse, being himself elected 
Abbot of the laura. Butler, 
Papebroke, Fleury. 

St. Paul of Narbonne 

B.C. ist cent. (Mar. 22). Said 
to be the same with Sergius 
Paulus the proconsul, converted 
in the island of Cjrprus by St. 
Paul the Apostle. St. Jerome, 
Gall, and Rom. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Paul I. of Rome 

Pope. 767 (June 28). A Roman 
by birth, ordained deacon by 
Pope Zacharius, together with 
his brother Stephen, whom he 
succeeded in the Papal Chair. 
Anasiasius the Librarian, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Paul of Iceland 

B. 1211 (Nov. 19). Educated 
in England, he was the nephew 
of Thorlac, whom he succeeded 
as Bishop of SkaJholt. Icelandic 
Necrology, Saga of the Bishops. 

St. Paul of Verdun 

B. c. 631 (Feb. 8). Holding a 
taper. (Cahier.) Working at an 
oven. [Ibid.) Butler, Hen- 
schenius, Usuardus, Bollandus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Paul 

M. Brother of St. John (June 
26), q.v. 

St. Paul 

M. Companion of St. Pam- 
philus (Jtme 1), q.v. 

St. Paul 

M. Companion of St. Peter 
(May 15), q.v. 

St. Paul 

C. Companion of St. Thea 
(July 25), q.v. 

St. Paul 

M. Companion of St. Theo- 
dulus (Jan. 14), q.v. 

St. Paula of Bethlehem 

W. 404 (Jan. 26). Pilgrim 
leading her daughter. (Callot.) 
Book, black veil fringed with 
gold. {Nat. Gal.) Sponge in 
hand. (Cahier.) Prostrate before 
the cave of Bethlehem. (Ibid.) 
Butler. Ado, Usuardus, St. 
Jerome, Rom. Mart. 

St. Paula Barbata of 
Avita in Spain 

V. N.D. (Feb. 20). Woman with 
a long beard obtained by prayer. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Paulina of Rome 

M. 3rd cent. (June 6). Cast 
into a pit and covered with 
stones. 

St. Paulinus, Patriarch 
of Aquileia 

C. 804 (Jan. 28). Bom near 
Frinli, he was brought up as a 
husbandman. Self - educated, 
he attracted the attention of 
Charlemagne, whose councils he 
attended at Aix-la-Chapelle, 
Ratisbon and Frankfort. But- 
ler, Bollandus, Ceillier, etc, 

St. Paulinus, B., and 
Companions, of Lucca 

MM. ist cent. (July 12). St. 
Pauhnus is traditionally _ de- 
scribed as having been ordained 
Bishop by St. Peter and sent to 
Lucca, where, with the priest 



Severus and a deacon named 
Luke, he was tortured and slain 
by the governor Anulinus in 
the persecution of Nero. The 
whole story is probably apocry- 
phal, dating from the discovery 
of his alleged sarcophagus at 
Lucca in 1261. Mod. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Paulinus of Nola 

B. c. 431 (Jvine 22). Preaching 
to the poor. (Callot.) Giving 
alms ; spade at his side. (Old 
engraving.) Holding model of 
a church. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Tillemont. Ceillier, Remondi, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Paulinus of Treves 

B. 360 (Aug. 31). Succeeded 
to the see of Treves on the 
death of his former instructor, 
St. Maximian. He was banished 
to Phrygia, where he died for his 
opposition to the Arian heresy. 
Gall, and Rom. Marts. 

St. Paulinus of York 

Abp. C. 644 (Oct. 10). Hold- 
ing church on a book, a stone 
cross beside him. (Engraving. ) 
Butter, Bede, Ado, Notker, York 
and Hereford Breviaries, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Pedita 

c. 480 Sister to St. Cledog 
(Aug. 19), q.v. 

St. Pedrwn. See 
St. Padarn 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Pega, Pege or Pee, 
of Northants 

V. 719 (Jan. 8). Sister to St. 
Guthlac of Croyland (Apr. 11), 
she lived for some time in retire- 
ment in Northamptonshire, in 
the village of Pequirk (formerly 
Peagkirk), but died on a pil- 
grimage at Rome. She was 
titular saint of a church and 
monastery in Pegeland, which 
St. Edward the Confessor united 
to Croyland. Butler, Harpsfield, 
Felix of Croyland, Florence of 
Worcester, Ordericus Vitalis, 
Ang. Marts., etc. 

St. Pegasius 

N.D. (Nov. 2). Bound to a pile 
of wood to be burnt. (Icon. 
Sanct.) 

St. Pelagia of 
Antioch 

V.M. 311 (June 9). Is said to 
have committed suicide at the 
age of fifteen, either by drown- 
ing or by throwing herself from 
the roof of a house,* when 
arrested by soldiers in the 
Numerian persecution. 

* See footnote to St Pelagia the 
Penitent of Antioch (Oct. 8). But- 
ler, Janningthe Bollandist, Eusebius, 
St. Chrysostom, Gh. Men., Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

100 



St. Pelagia the Penitent 
of Antioch 

c. 457 (Oct. 8). Baptized, St. 
Nonnus standing by her. (Das 
Pass.) Listening to St. Nonnus 
preaching. (Menology of St. 
Paul.) As a religious, praying 
before a church. (Ihid.) Kneel- 
ing ; jewels on the groimd 
before her. (Callot.) Taking off 
a necklace, mask at her feet. 
(Cahier.) Dead in her cell. 
(Solitudo.) Falling from a roof 
or window. (Ikon.*) Standing 
in a baptismal font, a bishop 
baptizing her. (Passionael.) 
In a font. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Pelagia of Tarsus 

V.M. 3rd cent. (May 4). In a 
bvdl of brass over a fire. (Callot.) 
Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Pelagius of Phrygia 

c. 360 (Mar. 25). Bishop of 
Laodicoea. 

St. Pelagius of 
Constance 

M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 28). Plunged 
into boiling oil before being 
beheaded. (Cahier.) Wearing 
cap and fur-lined cloak, holding 
palm and sword. (Window, 
Vincent Collection.) 

St. Pelagius of Cordova 

M. c. 924 (June 26). Right 
hand cut off, sword in his left. 
(Arbor Past.) Red-hot pincers. 
(Ikon.) Rom. and Spanish 
Marts. 

St. Pelagius of Rome 

Pope. N.D. Wearing a single 
tiara. (XIV. cent, window. New 
College, Oxon.) 

St. Peleus, B., and 
Companions, of Egypt 

MM. 310 (Sept. 19). The Chris- 
tians condemned to the mines 
in Palestine having built little 
oratories for the continuance 
of their worship, their leaders, 
SS. Peleus, NUus and Elias, 
Egjrptian priests, and St. Pater- 
muthes, a learned layman, were 
burnt alive, and the others 
separated by the orders of 
Galerius, and again exiled to 
labour apart in distant mines. 
Butler, Eusebius. 

St. Pellegrini Laziosi 

C. 1345 (Aug. i). Our Saviour 
from the cross embracing him 
with one arm. (Cahier.) 

Bl. Pepin of Laudon 

C. c. 646 (Feb. 21). Son of 
Carloman, husband of St. Idu- 
berga (May 8) and father of 
St. Gertrude of Nivelles (Mar. 
17), q.v. Locally venerated at 
NiveUes. Butler, Bollandus, 
Dom Bouquet. 

* Probably an error for St. Pelagia 
the Virgin of Antioch (June 9), q. v. 
Butler, Ado, Menardus, UsuardtK, 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Peregrine of Nevers 

M. 3rd cent. (May 16). Bishop 
of Auxerre. 

Peregrinus 

B.M. N.D. Preaching from an 
eminence. {Callot.) 

SS. Peregrinus and 
Laurence, of Arezzo 

MM. c. 250 (June 3). Two 
patrician brothers arrested in 
the Decian persecution and 
brought before Tiburtius, 
governor of Arretium, who 
offered to set them free if they 
would undertake not to pro- 
pagate the gospel. On their 
refusal they were beheaded. 
Usuardus, Notker, Hrabanus, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Peregrinus, and 
Companions, of 
Durazzo 

MM. 2nd cent. (July 7). A 
party of ItaUans who, fljdng 
from the persecution of Trajan, 
declared their faith at Durazzo 
and were loaded with chains, 
taken in a boat on the Adriatic, 
and thrown overboard. Gk. 
Meneea and Menology. 

St. Pernelle. See 
St. Petronilla 

(May 31). 

St. Perpetua 

M. 1st cent. (Nov. 4). Wife of 
St. Peter and mother of St, 
Petronilla. Some Latin Marts. 

St. Perpetua, and Com- 
panions, of Carthage 

MM. c. 203 (Mar. 7). St. Per- 
petua with a wild cow by her 
side. iCahier.) Ladder guarded 
by a dragon. {Ibid.) Butler, 
Tillemont, Ceillier, Ruinart, St. 
A ugustine of Hippo, Rom. Mart. , 
etc. 

St. Perpetuus of 
Limburg 

630 (Nov. 4). Bishop of 
Maestricht. 

St. Perpetuus of Tours 

B.C. 491 (Apr. 8). Directing 
the bmlding of a church. 
{Callot.) Butler, Florus, etc. (on 
above date) ; Usuardus and 
Rom. Mart, (on Apr. 2). 

St. Perreuse. See 
St. Petrock 

(June 4). 

St. Peter the Apostle 

65 (June 29). Holding a key. 
{XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham, and Roodscreens at Eding- 
thorpe, Tunstead, Lessingham 
and Stalham.) Crucified head 
downwards. {Church of SS. 
Neres and Achilles, Rome; 
Vatican, Giotto.) Three keys. 



{X. cent, mosaic, Vatican.) Book 
and two keys. {XII. cent, mosaic, 
Cath., Palermo; XV. cent, win- 
dow, Doddescombsleigh, Devon.) 
As the last ; book with words, 
" Credo in Deum Patrem omni- 
potentem." {Roodscreen, Trunch.) 
Keys and scroU, with same 
extract from the Creed. (F«i>- 
ford.) Throned as a bishop. 
{Gian Bellini, Venice.) Key 
and double-barred cross. {Seal 
of convent, Lorsch.) Keys and 
church. {Ivory triptych, Brit. 
Mus.) Two golden keys. {Win- 
dow, Stamford, Northants.) One 
gold and one silver key. {Screens 
at Swafield and Wesiwick.) 
Keys and closed book. {Carving, 
Ypres Museum, Bromyard Ch., 
etc.) Holding a church. {Figure 
formerly on E. end of Norwich 
Cath.) Holding church and 
trampling on a devil. {Statue, 
Old Carfax, Exeter.) Banner 
with six roses, three keys in his 
hand. {Mosaic, Lateran.) One 
key, papal robes and tiara and 
crossleted crosier. {XVI. cent, 
window, Kunstgewerbe Mus., 
Berlin.) In pontificals, with 
pallium, but crowned as a king ; 
church in his right hand and 
two keys in left. {Mural paint- 
ing formerly in St. Magdalen's 
Hospital, Winchester.) Keys 
and cross. {Benedictional of 
St. Ethelwold.) Keys held back 
to back so as to appear like an 
inverted cross. {Ckilgrove Ch.) 
Chained, in prison. {Roodscreen, 
Bio field.) Weeping, cock crow- 
ing near him. {Guido, Pitti 
Pal.) Scroll with : " Credo 
in Deum patrem omnipotentem 
creator em codi in terrae." {Win- 
dow, Fairford.) AllMartyrologies. 

St. Peter of Alcantara 

C. 1562 (Oct. 19). Franciscan 
friar, cross in his apron or 
before him. {Ikon.) A cross 
made of boughs. {Revue de 
I' Art ChrStien.) Walking on 
water with a lay brother, a 
star over his head. {Munich 
Gal., C. Coello.) Cross of 
Ught before him. {Hrabanus.) 
Scourge and instruments of 
penance. {Colum. milit. Eccl.) 
Dove at his ear. {Chris. Kunst.) 
Kneeling ; dove over his head. 
{Murillo, Aguado Gal.) Butler, 
Helyot, Wadding, Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter of Alexandria 

B.M. 311 (Nov. 26). Our Lord 
appearing to him as a child in 
tatters. {Callot.) Embracing 
his executioners. {Weyen.) In 
allusion to the Arian heresy. 
Butler, Eusebius, Theodoret, 
Tillemont, Ceillier, Surius, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Peter of Asti 

C. N.D. (June 30). With a 
spade. {Baring-Gould.) Fer- 
rarius, Acta Sanct. Locally 
venerated at Asti. 

101 



St. Peter of the 
Campagna 

1105 (Aug. 3). Bishop of Anagni. 

St. Peter of Canterbury 

Ab. 608 (Jan. 6). A disciple 
of St. Gregory the Great and 
first Abbotof St. Austin's, Canter- 
bury, he was drowned in the 
harbour of Ambleteuse. Butler, 
Bede, Eng. and Gall. Marts. 

SS. Peter, Aphrodisius 
and Companions, of 
Carthage 

MM. N.D. (Mar. 14). According 
to the Roman Martyrology, 
these saints suffered in the 
Vandal persecution, but the 
evidences are very uncertain. 
Aphrodisius is more probably 
Euphrosius, and it is not clear 
that St. Peter was ever associ- 
ated with him. Bollandists, 
Baronius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter, P., and Com- 
panions, of Cordova 

MM. 851 (June 7). St Peter, 
a priest, Walabons, a deacon, 
and four monks, Sabinian, 
Wistremund, Habentius and 
Jeremias, presenting themselves 
before the Mussulman Cadi of 
Cordova and declaring them- 
selves Christians, were all be- 
headed, St. Jeremias, an old 
man, being scourged before his 
death. Spanish and Rom. Marts. 

St. Peter of Emilia 

405 (July 31). A Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. Peter of Kieff 

B. 1328 (Aug. 24). Consecrated 
Bishop of Kieff, and finding that 
city deserted owing to the 
Mongol invasion, he removed 
the see to Vladimir, and thence, 
imder the advice of Ivan I., to 
Moscow, where he fovmded the 
Cathedral Church of the Assump- 
tion in the Kremlin. Muravieff, 
Russ. Kalendar. 

St Peter and Com- 
panions, of Lampsacus 

MM. 250 (May 15). St. Peter 
was martjrred under Optimus, 
proconsul of Asia Minor, by 
being broken on the wheel and 
then beheaded. SS. Andrew 
and Paul were stoned to death, 
and St. Denysa, or Dionysia, 
beheaded. Butler, Ruinart, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter of Savoy 

Abp. 1174 (May 8). A native 
of Dauphine, at the age of 
twenty he took the Cistercian 
habit at Bonnevaux, his example 
being followed by his father and 
two brothers. In 1128 he was ap- 
pointed first Abbot of Tamies, 
and in 1142 was elected Arch- 
bishop of Tarentaise. In 1155 
he resigned his charge and 



Saints and their Emblems 



retired to a Cistercian monas- 
tery in Germany, but was re- 
called to Taxentaise. After 
being sent on an embassy to the 
King of England, he died at 
Bellevaux. Butler, Le Nain, 
Rom., Gall, and Cistercian Marts, 

St. Peter of Sebaste 

B.V. 387 (Jan. 9). Son of St. 
Basil the Elder and St. Emilia, 
and * grandson of St. Macrina 
the Elder, he was brother to 
SS. BasU, Gregory of Nyssa 
and St. Macrina the Yoimger. 
Consecrated priest by his 
brother, St. Basil, in 370, he 
became Bishop of Sebaste ten 
years later and attended the 
general council at Constantinople 
in 381. Butler, Rufinus, Theo- 
doret, Tillemont, Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Peter Arbuez, of 
Saragossa 

M. 1485 (Sept. 17). An In- 
quisitor, beatified by Pope 
Alexander VII. in 1664 and 
canonised by Pius IX. in 1867. 

St. Peter Balsam 

M. 311 (Jan. 3). Was racked 
and crucified at Aulane by 
Severus, Governor of Palestine, 
in the Maximinian persecution. 
Butler, Ruinart, Bollandus, 
Tillemont, Eusebius, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter Celestine of 
Rome 

Pope. C. c. 1296 (May 19). 
Tiara ; friar's habit ; dove at 
his ear. [Benedictine Ch., 
Liessies, Hainault.) Butler, 
Papebroke, Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter Chrysologus, 
of Ravenna 

Abp. 450 (Dec. 4). SS. Peter 
and Apollinaris presenting him 
to Pope Sixtus III. (Cahier.) 
Dish in his hand. [Ibid. ) Butler, 
Rubeus, Ughelli, Muratori, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Peter Damiani, of 
Faenza 

Card. B. 1072 (Feb. 23). Her- 
mit, with a cardinal's hat by 
his side. (Ikon.) Praying before 
a cross ; mitre and cardinal's 
hat on the groimd. (PSres des 
Deserts.) A scourge. (Aifrib. 
der Heil.) Butler, Fleury, Hen- 
schenius, Ceillier, Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter the Deacon of 
Rome 

605 (Mar. 12). A monk of St, 
Gregory the Great. (Mar. 12), 
who saved his master's writings 
from incendiaries after lus 
death. 

St. Peter Gonzales, or 
St. Elmo of Spain 

C.O.P. 1246 (Apr. 15). Lying 
in his mantle on hot coals. 



(Attrib. der Heil.) Walking on 
the sea with fire in his hand. 
{Cahier.) Dominican with a 
blue candle. (Baring-Gould.) 
Butler, Touron, Bollandists, 
Rom. and Sfn. Marts. 

St. Peter Igneus 

B.C. 1088 (n.d.) Walking un- 
hurt through pile of burning 
wood. (Cahier.) 

St. Peter, the Martyr, 
of Milan 

O.P. 1252 (Apr. 29). In black 
habit, holding a sword. (XV. 
cent, window, attributed to Bl. 
James of Ulm, St. Petronio, 
Bologna.) Knife in his shoulder. 
(Fresoli.) Knife in his head. 
(Roodscreen, Hennock.) Knife 
in his head, sword in lus breast. 
(XVI. cent, painting, d'Agin- 
court.) As the last, and holding 
a pahn. (Brera, Cima da Coneg- 
liano.) Head cleft with a 
curtal axe, dagger in left breast. 
(Baring-Gould.) Killed by a 
sword, three crowns over his 
head. (Ch. of St. Dominic, 
Orvieto.) Three crowns on a 
palm branch. (Cahier.) Gash 
in his head, palm in his hand. 
(B. Angelica, Pitti Gal.) Kneel- 
ing, sabre at his feet. (Guercino, 
Milan Gal.) Stabbed, and his 
skuU cloven. (E. window. Long 
Melford.) Martjn-ed in a wood ; 
angels appearing. (Giorgione, 
Nat. Gal.) Writing " Credo " on 
the ground with his blood, at 
his martyrdom. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Large knife, or scimitar, 
and book. (Roodscreen, Portle- 
mouth.) Butler, Papebroke, Rom. 
and Dominican Marts. 

St. Peter Nolasco, of 
Spain 

1256 (Jan. 31). Founder of the 
Order of Our Lady of Mercy. 
St. Peter the Apostle appearing 
to him, crucified head down- 
wards. (Zurbaran, Madrid.) 
Angel showing him the Heavenly 
Jerusalem. (Ibid.) Olive branch 
in his hand. (Cahier.) Ray of 
light on a bell ; image of B.V. 
inside. (Ibid.) Two angels 
carrying him to the altar. 
(Claude Mellan.) Chain in his 
hand. (Colum. milit. Eccl.) 
Chain and banner with red 
cross. (Sassoferrato.) Banner 
with red cross. (Raphael.) 
Butler, Baillet. Heylot. Rom. 
and Spn. Marts., etc. 

St. Peter Paschal of 
Spain 

B.M. 1300 (Dec. 6). Martyred 
at the aJtar. (Cahier.) Sword 
through his neck. (Ibid.) The 
Holy Infant Jesus speaking to 
him. (Ibid.) Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Peter of Poitou 

1112 (Apr. 4). Bishop of 



Poitiers, 



St. Peter Regalati of 
Aquileria 

C. 1456 (May 13). In his 
thirteenth year he entered the 
Franciscan Order at VaUadolid, 
and on a more rigorously ascetic 
branch of the Order being 
founded near Aquileria he 
joined it, and later succeeded 
its founder as head of the 
Order. Butler, Henschenius. 

St. Peter the Spaniard 
of Babuce 

H. N.D. (Mar. 11). Of noble 
family in Spain, he was brought 
up to the profession of arms. 
On the day of his marriage he 
experienced religion, and, taking 
ship for Italy, built himself a 
cell in the Campagna, and died 
in retirement. Bollandus, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Peter Thomasius of 
Constantinople 

M. 1366 (Jan. 29). An arrow. 
(Ikon.) An olive branch. 
(Cahier.) 

Bl. Peter Aldobrandini 

c. 1000 (Feb. 8). Cardinal 
Bishop of Albano. 

Bl. Peter Cambian of 
Piedmont 

M. 1365 (Feb. 2). A Dominican 
sent by the Pope as Inquisitor 
General to Piedmont in 135 1 
and stabbed by heretics in the 
cloister of the Franciscan con- 
vent at Susa. Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Peter of Castelnau 

Mk. M. 1209 (Mar. 5). Of an 
illustrious family in Montpelier, 
he became Archdeacon of Mague- 
lonne and was appointed papal 
legate to the southern provinces 
of France. Following on his 
excommunication of Raymond, 
Count of Toulouse, for the 
Albigensian heresy, he was mur- 
dered with a lance at St. Gilles 
on the Rhone. Saussaye, Bene. 
Mart. 

Bl. Peter Gambacorta 
of Pisa 

H. 1435 (June i). Founder 
of the Hermits of St. Jerome. 
St. Jerome appearing to him. 
(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Bollandists 
(on June 14), Helyot, Butler, 
Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Peter of Luxemburg 

Card. B. 1387 (July 2). Son 
of Guy of Luxemburg, Count 
of Ligny, and Matilda of Chatil- 
lon, Countess of Saint-Pol, he 
was given a canonry in the 
Cathedral of Notre Dame, at 
Paris, at the age of eight, and 
was made Cardinal and Bishop 
of Metz at fourteen. His relics 
are at Avignon. Ferrarius, 
Molanus, Bollandists (on above 



102 



Saints and their Emblems 



date) ; Butler and, Saussaye (on 
July 5) ; Greven and Canisius 
(on July 13). 

Bl. Peter of Spain 

C. 1109 (Aug. 2). Dominican ; 
the letters I H S on his closed 
Hps. {Predella, Fra Angelica.) 

BL Peter the Venerable 

Abbot of Cluny. 1156 (Dec. 25). 
Of noble family in Auvergne, 
he was presented in childhood 
to St. Hugh of Cluny (Apr. 29), 
and later became Pnor of 
VezeUa. On the forced resigna- 
tion of Pontius, Abbot of Cluny, 
he was selected as his successor 
by Pope CaUixtus II., but was 
afterwards turned out again by 
Pontius, who resumed control 
of the abbey by force. On his 
excommunication and im- 
prisonment Peter returned to 
the abbey, which he held till 
his death. Rom. and Gall. Maris. 

St. Peter the Exorcist 

M. Companion of St. Marcel- 
linus (June 2), q.v. 

St. Peter of Nicomedia 

Companion of St. Dorotheus 
(Sept. 9), q.v. 

St. Peter of Phoenicia 

M. Gaoler and companion of 
St. Ananias (Feb. 25), q.v. 

St. Petrock of Cornwall 

Ab.C. 6th cent. (June 4). Hold- 
ing church, crosier in left hand. 
(Pulpit, Kenton, Devon.) Butler, 
Capgrave, Lobineau, Colgan, 
Borlase, York and Mod. Eng. 
Marts. 

St. Petronilla of Kome 

V. 1st cent. (May 31). Holding 
keys. (Roodscreen, Ashton-on- 
Teign.) Raised from her sick- 
bed by St. Peter. {Masaccio, 
Brancacci Chap.) Kneeling at 
the feet of Christ in Paradise. 
{Mosaic, St. Peter's, Rome.) Key 
and clasped book. {Roodscreens, 
N. Elmham, Trimingham.) St. 
Peter with her at table. (Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Holding a broom 
(Tab. de la Croix.) Receiving 
the Holy Viaticum. (Callot.) 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Petronius of 
Bologna 

B.C. c. 440 (Oct. 4). Bearded, 
holding model of city of Bologna 
with its two leaning towers. 
(L. Costa, Bologna Gal.) Pray- 
ing for the city to Our Saviour 
in B.V. Mary's arms. (Guido, 
Bologna Gal.) Butler, Rufinus, 
Ceillier, etc. 

St. Petronius of 
Lombardy 

5th cent. (Sept. 6). Bishop of 
Verona. 



St. Phaebadius of Gaul 

C. c. 392 (Apr. 25). Bishop of 
Agen, he was a strenuous 
opponent of Aiianism at the 
Councils of Rimini (359), Paris 
(360), and Saragossa (380). 
Butler, Tillemont. 

St. Pharaildis of Ghent 

V- 745 (Jan. 4). Gosling at her 
feet or in her hand. (Molanus.) 
A hen by her side and plate of 
eggs ia her hand. (Statue, Braine 
le Comte.) Loaves in her hand. 
(Baring-Gould.) Molanus, Belg. 
and Ger. Marts. 

St. Philastrius of 
Lombardy 

B. c. 390 (July 18). A travelling 
preacher and firm opponent of 
Arianism, he vigorously opposed 
Auxentius at MUan imtil the 
arrival of St. Ambrose as Bishop 
of that city, later becoming 
seventh Bishop of Brescia. 
Butler, Surius. 

SS. Phileas and Philo- 
romus, of Egypt 

MM. 304 (Feb. 4). Phileas, 
a noble of Thmuis in Egypt, 
being elected Bishop of that 
city, was tried in Alexandria 
during the Diocletian persecu- 
tion. Pluloromus, a tribune, 
being present, was so moved 
by his courage that he an- 
nounced himself a Christian, 
and they were beheaded to- 
gether. Butler, St. Jerome, 
Eusebius, Rufinus, Rom. Mart. 

SS, Philemon and 
Appia, of Colossae 

MM. 1st cent. (Nov. 22). St. 
Philemon is said to have been 
converted by St. Paul the 
Apostle, arrested, with his wife, 
Appia, during the festival of 
Diana, buried up to their waists 
in the soil and starved to death. 
Gk. Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Philemon and Com- 
panions, of Egypt 

MM. c. 311 (Mar. 8). The tradi- 
tion is that St. Appolonius, a 
hermit, being on his trial for 
the faith before the judge 
Arianus, St. Philemon, a famous 
musician, came to insult him, 
but, together with the judge and 
other onlookers, was converted 
by the mart3n:'s meekness and 
constancy imder trial. The saint 
and his converts were all thrown 
into the sea together. The whole 
story is probably apocryphal. 
Butler, Rufinus, Palladius, 
Usuardus. 

St. Philetus and Com- 
panions, of lUyria 

MM. 2nd cent. (Mar. 27). 
Philetus, a senator, his wife 
Lydia and their sons, Macedo, 
and Theoprepius, with Chro- 
nides, a registrar, are said to 

108 



have been condemned by the 
general, Amphilochius, to be 
plvinged into boiling oil. Their 
delivery by a miracle converted 
their executioner, who was mar- 
tyred with them by the Emperor 
Hadrian. Gk. Men., Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Philibert of 
Jumieges 

Ab. 684 (Aug. 22). Stilling a 
storm at sea. (Callot.) An ass 
standing by him. (Husenbeth.) 
Butler, Mabillon. 

St. Philip the Apostle 

M. ist cent. (May i). Holding 
a basket of loaves. (XV. cent, 
window, Wintringham.) Bound 
to a T-shaped cross. (Ch. of 
SS. Nereo and Achillea, Rome.) 
Crucified head downwards. 
(Gates of San Paolo, Rome.) 
Holding a long cross. (Albert 
Diirer.) Basket in hand. (Rood- 
screens, N. Walsham, Marsham.) 
Basket with bread. (Ringland, 
Irstead, Lessingham, Tunstead, 
Belaugh, War stead. Bio field.) 
Two loaves and across. (Window, 
N. Tuddenham.) A knotted 
cross. (Wilhelm.) Tall cross. 
(Brass, St. Margaret's Lynn; 
Coinsof Brabant, PietraPerugino, 
etc., etc.) Three loaves in his 
hand. (Roodscreen, Trunch.) 
Cross and money in his hand. 
(Tab. de la Croix.) Tall cross 
and book. (Diirer.) Devils 
driven away and idols over- 
thrown from an altar by the 
cross. (Attrib. der Heil.) Serpent 
driven from beneath an altar 
of Mars. (Fil. Lippi, Sta. Croce, 
Florence.) Spear and double 
cross. (Husenbeth.) Tall cross 
and scroll with his sentence 
from the Creed, " Inde venturas 
est judicare vivos et martuos." 
(FairfordCh.) AllMartyralogies. 

St. Philip of Agyra 

p. 5th cent. (May 12). Son of 
the Syrian Theodocius and his 
wife Augia, he entered the 
Church, and at twenty-one made 
a pilgrimage to Rome, where he 
was ordained priest by the Pope 
and sent on a mission to Sicily, 
where he settled and died at 
Agj^a. Usuardus, Ferrarius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Philip, and Com- 
panions, of Adrianople 

MM. 304 (Oct. 22). St. PhiUp, 
Bishop of Heraclea, with the 
priest Severus and Hermes, a 
deacon, were nailed to stakes 
and burnt alive by order of the 
governor Justinus in the Dio- 
cletian persecution. Butler, 
Mabillon, Ruinart, Tillemont, 
Fleury, Rom. Mart. 

St. Philip of Alexandria 

M. 3rd cent. (Sept. 13). Father 
of St. Eugenia of Egypt 
fDec. 25), he was first Prefect 



Saints and their Emblems 



and then Bishop of Alexandria. 
He is said to have been assassin- 
ated by hirelings of Perennius, 
who, pretending to be Chris- 
tians, murdered him in Church. 
Usuardus, Noiker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Philip of Toulouse 

578 (Feb. 3 or Nov. 28). Bishop 
of Vienne. 

St. Philip Beniti of 
Todi 

C. 1285 (Aug. 23). Two angels 
with Ulies holding three crowns 
over his head. Ifiahier.) With 
his staff causing water to flow 
for the baths which bear his 
name. (Ibid.) Giving a garment 
to a leper. (Florence Gal., A. 
del Sarto.) .Healing a possessed 
woman. (Ibid.) Mitre and tiara 
before him. (Piili Pal.) 
Butler, Cuper the Bollandist, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Philip the Deacon 

ist cent. (June 6). Baptizing 
the Ethiopian eunuch. (Salvator 
Rosa.) Beside the eunuch in his 
chariot. (Flemish grisaille panel 
in private possession.) All 
Martyrologies. 

St. Philip Neri of Rome 

P.C. 1595 (May 26). Founder 
of the " Congregation of Ora- 
torians," 1551. Lily by his side ; 
angel with open book on one 
knee before him. (Statue, St. 
Peter's, Rome.) B.V. Mary 
supporting the roof of his 
chapel. (Cahier.) Children 
about him. (Ibid.) Rosary in 
hand. (Tab. de la Croix.) A Life 
by A. Galloni, Butler, Papebroke, 
Rom. Mart. 

S. Philogonius of 
Antioch 

B. 322 (Dec. 20). A bishop, as 
a lawyer, writing. (Icon. Sand.) 
Butler, St. Chrysostom, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Philologus and 
Patrobus 

BB. 1st cent. (Nov. 4). Two 
Christians of Rome mentioned 
by St. Paul and said to have 
been two of the Seventy disciples. 
St. Philologus is described as 
Bishop of Sinope, and Patrobus, 
or Patrobulus, of PuteoH. 

St. Philomena of Rome 

V.M. 303 (Aug. 10). LUy, palm 
and javelin. (Sabatelli, St. 
Francesco, Pisa.) JaveUn and 
scourge; an anchor under hei 
feet. (Statue, St. Gervais, Paris.) 
Guerin and Girys " Vies des 
Saints," Jameson. 

St. Philomena of San 
Severino 

V. N.D. (Julys). Her body was 
discovered under the altar of 
St. Laurence's Church at San 
Severino in 1527, and enshrined 



by Bishop Antonio de Monte. 
Her festival is observed locally 
on the first Simday in July. 
Ferrarius, Bollandists, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Philomenus of 
Ancyra 

M. c. 274 (Nov. 29). Feet, 
hands and head pierced with 
nails. (Cahier.) 

St. Philonilla 

R. Companion of St. Zenais 
(Oct. II), q.v. 

St. Philoromus 

M. Companion of St. PhUeas 
(Feb. 4), q.v. 

St. Phink. See 
St. Fyncara 

(Oct. 13). 

St. Phlegon 

B.M. (Apr. 8). Bishop of Mara- 
thon and companion of St. 
Herodion, q.v. 

St. Phocas of Antioch 

M. c. 320 (Mar. 5). Serpents 
twined roimd him. (St. Mark's, 
Venice.) Holding a serpent. 
(Husenbeth.) All Latin Marts. 

St. Phocas of Pontus 

M. 2nd cent. (July 14). Was 
Bishop of Sinope. His Acts are 
described as a deliberate forgery, 
and only distort and make un- 
rehable the little known of his 
Ufe. At an early date his reUcs 
were believed to be at Vienne, in 
the County of Toulouse. St. 
Jerome, Florus, Ado; Gk., Russ. 
and Coptic Menceas, and all 
Latin Marts. 

St. Phocas the 
Gardener of Sinope 

M. 303 (July 3). As a gardener, 
holding spade. (St. Mark's, 
Venice.) With a sword. (Ikon.) 
Butler (on above date) ; Bol- 
landists (on Sept. 22). 

St. Phoebe of Cenchrea 

ist cent. (Sept. 3). A deaconess 
of the Church of Cenchrea, and 
possibly a convert of St. Paul, 
by whom she was commended 
to the Christians in Rome as 
having " been a succourer of 
many, and of myself also." 
Rom. xvi. I, 2 ; Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Photinus 

M. Son and companion of St. 
Maurice (Feb. 21), q.v. 

St. Photius 

M. c. 305. Nephew of St. 
Anicetus (Aug. 12), q.v. 

St. Phronimius 

B. N.D. Episcopal vestments, 
holding pastoral staff and book. 
(XVI. cent, window, Metz Cath.) 
Westlake. 

St. Piala 

M. Companion of St. Fingar 
(Mar. 23). q.v. 

104 



St. Piammon 

H. N.D. Spinning. (Pires des 
Deserts.) Ringing his chapel 
bell. (Cahier.) His chapel 
surroimded by boats. (Ibid.) 

St. Piatus, Piat or 
Piaton, Apostle of 
Tournay 

P.M. c. 287 (Oct. i). Carrying 
his head cut oft. (Husenbeth.) 
His body pierced with nails. 
(Cahier.) Monk, bareheaded ; 
book in right hand, maniple 
on left wrist. (Window over 
entry to his chapel, Chartres 
Cath.) Butler, Stilting, Ado, 
Usuardus, Tillemont, York and 
Hereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pierius of 
Alexandria 

p. c. 312 (Nov. 4). Sumamed 
the Younger Origen from his 
extensive learning and educa- 
tional powers. According to 
St. Jerome, he died in Rome, 
having survived the Diocletian 
and Maximian persecutions, 
but other accounts say that he 
was martyred with his brother 
Isidore. Usuardus, Ado, Euse- 
bius, St. Jerome, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pigmanian, or 
Pigmenius, of Rome 

P.M. 373 (Mar. 24). Drowned 
in Tiber. (Gueffier.) 

St. Piligrinus 

B.C. 991 (n.d.) Baptizing 
neophytes. (Cahier.) 

St. Pinitus of Crete 

c. 180 (Oct. 10). Bishop of 
Gnossos in the time of Dionysius 
of Comith, who wrote him a 
letter on Church discipline 
which, with St. Pontius' reply, 
has been conserved. Ado, 
Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pinna 

Companion of St. Inna, q.v. 

St. Pionius, P., and 
Companions, of Smyrna 

MM. 251 (Feb. i). A priest 
of Smyrna, racked and burnt 
to death at the stake, with 
others of his congregation, by 
Puintilian, proconsul of Smyrna, 
m the Decian persecution. 
Butler, Tillemont, Bollandus, 
Ruinart, Rom. Mart. 

St. Piran. See 
St. Kieran 

(Mar. 5). 

St. Pirminus of 
Richenau 

Ab. B. 753 (Nov. 3). Driving 
serpents before Mm. (Das 
Passionael.) Driving serpents 
through a river. (Passionael.) 
Serpents turned round him. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Hrabanus, 
Rom., Gall, and Bene. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Pius I., Pope of 
Rome 

157 (July 11). Holding an 
oval medallion with I H S on 
it. {Weyen.) Butler, TiUemont, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Pius V. 

Pope. C. 1572 (May 5). Feet of 
a crucifix withdrawn as the saint 
tries to kiss them. (Cahier.) 
Reciting the rosary. (Ibid.) 
A fleet in the distance. (Ibid.) 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Placidus and 
Sigisbert, of Orisons 

MM. 7th cent. (July 11). 
Founders of the Abbey of 
Disentes in 621. A local prince, 
offended by the foundation, 
struck off St. Placidus' head. 
St. Sigisbert, who buried his 
companion, is beUeved to have 
died in 636. He is regarded 
as the apostle of the Orisons. 
BoUandists, Chur. Breviary. 
Locally venerated in the Grisons. 

St. Placidus, Ab., and 
Companions, of Sicily 

MM. 541 (Oct. 5). Himg up 
by his heels over smoke. (Callot. ) 
Pointing to his mouth with the 
tongue torn out. (Cahier.) 
Holding a hair shirt. [Weyen.) 
A crescent or turban. Butler, 
Usuardus, Ado, Hrabanus, St. 
Gregory, Mabillon, Rom. Mart. 

St. Placidus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Plato of Ancyra 

M. c. 306 (July 22). Brother 
of St. Antiochus (July 15), he 
was tortured by fire and be- 
headed by Agrippinus, Prefect 
of Galatia. Rom. Mart, (on 
above date) ; Gk. Menology (on 
Nov. 18). 

St. Plato of Constanti- 
nople 

Ab. C. 813 (Apr. 4). Son of 
the noble Sergius and Euphemia, 
his wife, he was educated by 
his uncle, a treasurer of the 
Emperor. At the age of 
twenty-four he entered the 
Monastery of the Symbols, and, 
escaping the persecution of 
Constantino Copronymas, was 
offered the bishopric of Nico- 
media by St. Tarasius (Feb. 25), 
but refused it and became Abbot 
of the Monastery of the Sac- 
cudion. Twelve years later, 
being near his death, of an in- 
curable iUness, he resigned his 
charge to his nephew, St. 
Theodore of the Studium 
(Nov. 11). Butler, Papebroke, 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 



St. Plato. 
St. Piatus 

(Oct. i). 



See 



St. Plautilla of Rome 

Matr. 66 (May 20). Receiving 
a blood-stained veil from the 
hands of St. Paul. (Giotto, 
St. Peter's, Rome.) Baptized 
by St. Peter. (Cahier.) 

St. Plechelm of 
Ruremund 

B. 732 (July 15). An English 
Saxon of noble family, bom in 
the Scottish portion of Nor- 
thumbria. Taking orders, he 
made a pilgrimage to Rome, 
and with St. Wiro (May 8) and 
St. Otger the deacon conducted 
a mission into Lower Germany, 
where he is specially venerated 
at Ruremund as the apostle 
of Guelderland. Butler, BoUan- 
dists, Treves, Utrecht, Cologne, 
and Belg. Brev. and Marts. 

St. Plutarch and Com- 
panions, of Alexandria 

202 (June 28). Pupils of the 
school of Origen, martyred in 
the persecution of Severus. It 
is recorded that St. Origen 
visited St. Plutarch in prison, 
but the manner of his death 
is not known. St. Serenus was 
burnt aJive, as also were two 
women, SS. Herais and Mar- 
cella, the latter being the mother 
of St. Potamiana (see SS. 
Potamiana and Marcella.) SS. 
Hero and Heraclides were 
executed with the sword, and 
S. Severus tortured and be- 
headed. St. Basihdes, execu- 
tioner of St. Potamiana, con- 
verted by her sufferings, was 
also put to the sword. Butler, 
Eusd)ius, Palladius, St. Jerome, 
Ado, Usuardus, N other, Rom, 
Mart. 

St. Poemen, or Pastor, 

of Scete 

H. c. 451 (Aug. 27). Perhaps 
the most celebrated soUtaiy of 
the deserts of Scetd. Famed 
for his gentleness and the 
austerity of his life, he has been 
styled "The L^np of the 
universe and the patron of 
monks." Butler, BoUandists, 
TiUemont, Gk. Men., Mod. Rom, 
Mart., etc. 

St. Polianus 

M. (Sept. 10). Companion of 
St. Nemesianus, q.v. Working 
in a marble quarry. (Callot.) 

St. Policronius 

B.M. (Feb. 17). Boimd to a 
stake and stoned. (Callot.) 

St. Polisia 

Baptized by St. Emidius. 
(Cahier.) 

St. PoUio, Lector and 
Companions, of 
Pannonia 

304 (Apr. 28). St. Pollio holding 
ajeweUedcup. (Mural painting, 

105 



cemetery of Pontianus, Rome.) 
Butler, Ruinart. 

St. Poly carp of Smyrna 

B.M. c. 166 (Jan. 26). Tramp- 
ling on pagan. Antechap.,Mag. 
Coll., Oxon.) A funeral pyre 
near him, dove hovering over it. 
(Hulme.) Stabbed, and burnt 
to death. (Callot.) Stabbed 
before or in a hot oven shaped 
like an ox. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Burnt at a stake. (Lambrecht.) 
Pile of wood in flames near him. 
(Ikon.) Butler, Eusebius, St. 
Jerome, TiUemont, Ceillier, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Polychronius and 
Companions, of Persia 

MM. 251 (Feb. 17). A bishop 
of Babylon, with his priests and 
deacons, battered to death with 
stones in the Decian persecu- 
tion. Rom. Mart. 

St. Polychronius 

H. Companion of St. Zebinas 
(Feb. 23), q.v. 

St. Polycrosue 

H. Logs of wood on his head 
and shoulders, a monk reading 
by him. (P^es des Deserts.) 

St. Polyeuctus of 
Armenia 

M. 259 (Feb. 13). A Roman 
ofiicer who, declaring himself 
Christian, was tortured and 
executed at MeUtene. Butler, 
Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pompeius 

M. Companion of St. Pere- 
grinus (July 7), q.v. 

St. Pomponius of 
Italy 

c. 536 (May 14). Bishop of 
Naples. 

St. Pontianus of Rome 

Pope. M. c. 236 (Nov. 19). 
Successor to Pope Urban in 
230, he was banished by MaxL- 
minus, in 235, to Sardinia, where 
he died a year later. Usuardus, 
Ado, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Pontianus of 
Spoleto 

M. c. 180 (Jan. 14). Li a den 
with hons. (Gueffier.) Angels 
feeding him. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Pontius, or Ponte, of 
Cimella 

M. c. 258 (May 15). Son of the 
senator Marcus and JuUa, his 
wife, he was martjnred in the 
Alps in the Valerian persecution. 
His reUcs were translated from 
Cimella to the monastery of 
Tomieres, in Languedoc, after- 
wards head of the see of St. 
Pons de Tomieres. BuUer, 
BoUandists, Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Poppo of Stavelot, 
Belgium 

Ab. 1048 (Jan. 25). Restoring 
to life a man killed by a wolf. 
{Ikon.) Butler, Bollandus, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Porcarius, Ab., and 
Companions, of 
Provence 

MM. 736 (Aug. 12). Abbot 
and monks of the monas- 
tery on the Isle of Lerins, mas- 
sacred in a Saracen invasion. 
Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Porphyrins 

M. N.D. (Sept. 15). A comedian 
declaring lumself a Christian 
before the Emperor Julian. 
[Gueffier.) 

St. Porphyrins of Gaza 

B.C. 420 (Feb. 26). Of noble 
famUy in Thessalonica, at the 
age of twenty-five he went to 
Egypt and entered a famous 
monastery of Scet^. Five years 
later, on a pilgrimage to Pales- 
tine, he fell sick at Jerusalem, 
where he was ordained priest, 
and later, against his will, was 
made Bishop of Gaza. Butler, 
Tillemont, Fleury, Chatelain, 
Greek and Latin Marts. 

St. Porphyrins of 
Caesarea 

M. Companion of St. Elias 
(Feb. 16), q.v. 

St. Porphyrins of Rome 

M. Companion of St. Onesi- 
phorus (Sept. 6), q.v. 

St. Portianns of 
Anvergne 

Ab. C. 527 (Nov. 24). Breaking 
a cup of poison, serpent issuing 
from it. [Gueffier.) 

St. Posidonins of Africa 

B.C. c. 500 (n.d.) Praying in a 
cave illuminated by a stream 
of light ; basket of fruit before 
him. [Pires des Deserts.) 

St. Posidins, or 
Posidonins, of Calama, 
in Nnmidia 

B.C. c. 432 (May 17). Pagan 
idols broken down before hun. 
{Die Heiligenhild.) Butler, St. 
Augustine, Papebroke, Ceillier. 

St. Potamiana the 
Younger, of Alexandria 

V.M. c. 303 (June 7). Sur- 
named the Younger, to dis- 
tinguish her from St. Pota- 
miana (June 28). Like her she 
is said to have been a slave girl 
and to have been martyred by 
immersion in boiling pitch, at 
the request of her master, in 
the Maximian persecution. Pal- 
ladius, Gk. Men. 



SS. Potamiana, V., and 
Marcella of Alexandria 

MM. 202 (June 28). Mother 
and daughter, companions of 
St. Plutarch (June 28), q.v. 
Both burnt at the same stake. 
{Callot.) St. Potamiana with a 
crown in her hand. {Cahier.) 
St. Potajtniana's breast cut off 
and held in her hand. {Old 
engraving.) 

St. Potamon of 
Egypt 

B.M. c. 341 (May 18). Bishop 
of Heraclea, he was lamed and 
bUnded of one eye in the 
persecution of Maximinus Daza 
and clubbed to death under 
Gregory, the Arian successor 
to St. Athanasius. Butler, 
Rufinus. 

St. Potentianus, Abp., 

of Sens 

KneeUng, an executioner near 
him. {Statuary, Chartres Cath.) 

St. Pothinns, B., and 
Companions, of Lyons 

MM. 177 (Jtme 2). Members of 
the Church of Lyons, tortured 
by fire and thrown to wild 
beasts in the arena in the per- 
secution of the Emperor Marcus 
Aurelius. Butler, Eusebius. all 
Western Marts. 

St. Potitus of Pisa 

M. Companion of St. Ephesus 
(Jan. 13), q.v. 

St. Pourcanus 

Ab. 7th cent, (n.d.) Cup 
breaking in his hand and a ser- 
pent falhng from it. * {Gueffier.) 

St. Praejectus, and 
Companions, of 
Anvergne 

MM. 074 (Jan. 25). Bishop of 
Clermont, he was murdered, on 
his return from the Court of 
K. Childeric, by assassins in- 
cited by one Agritius. Rodbert, 
a Saxon, stabbed him, and one 
of his companions dashed out 
his brains with a back sword. 
Rehcs in the Abbey of Flavigny. 
Butler, Bollandus, Mabillon. 

St. Praepedigna 

M. Wife of St. Maximus 
(Feb. 18), q.v. 

St. Praesidius 

B. Companion of St. Dona- 
tianus (Sept. 6), q.v. 

St. Praetextatus of 
Rouen 

Abp. M. 586 (Feb. 24). Incur- 
ring the displeasure of Queen 
Fredegonda, he was persecuted, 
and finally assassinated, by her 
orders, whilst celebrating matins 
in his church. BuUer, St. 
* See Portianus (ante). 
106 



Gregory of Tours, Fleury, Daniel, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Pragmaticus of 
Burgundy 

c. 520 (Nov. 22). Bishop of 
Autun. 

SS. Praxedes and 
Pudentiana, of Rome 

VV. MM. c. 150 (July 21). 
Holding coins. {IX. cent, mosaic, 
St. Prassede, Rome.) Takmg up 
the blood of martyrs with a 
sponge. {Pomerancio, Rome.) 
St. Praxedes only. Standing be- 
fore a tower. {Weyen.) Holding 
a branch and basin. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Bede, Rom. Mart. 

St. Prest. See 
St. Praejectus 

(Jan. 25). 

St. Priamian of the 
Marches 

M. (Feb. 23). Bishop of Ancona. 

St. Priest or Priels. See 
St. Praejectus 

(Jan. 25). 

St. Primitivus 

M. Brother of St. Facundus 
(Nov. 27), q.v. 

St. Primitivus 

M. Companion of St. Getulius 
(June 10), q.v. 

St. Primitivus of 
Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Primolus 

M. Companion of St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

SS. Primus and 
Felicianns, of Rome 

MM. c. 286 (June 9). Com- 
panionsof St.Caprasius(Oct. 20), 
q.v. Exposed to lions. {Husen- 
beth.) Angel visiting them in 
prison ; one nailed to a post, 
the other chained by his 
neck to the wall. {Callot.) 
St. Primus : Melted lead poured 
into his mouth. {Gueffier.) 
Butler, Bollandus, Surius, Hen- 
schenius, Tillemont, all Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Primus 

M. Companion of St. Theognis 
(Jan. 3). q.v. 

St. Principius of 
Soissons 

B. 5th cent. (Sept. 25). Son 
of Emilius, Count of Laon and 
eldest brother of St. Remigius 
of Rheims (Oct. i), he succeeded 
Edibius as Bishop of Soissons. 
Lives of St. Remigius and 
Sidonius Apollinaris ; Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Prior of Egypt 

H. Late 4th cent. (June 17). 
A native of Egypt and one of 
the earliest disciples of St. 
Anthony. Butler, BoUanciisis, 
Palladius, Gk. Men. 

St. Prisca of Rome 

V.M. c. 275 (Jan. 18). Lion 
at her side ; psJm in her hand. 
ICallot.) Two Uons at her feet. 
(Ikon.) Between two Uons. 
(Husenbeth.) An eagle near her. 
(Die Heiligenbild.) A sword in 
her hand. (Attrih. der Heil.) 
Refusing to worship idols. 
(Gueffier.) Butler, Chatelain, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Priscilla of Rome 

Matr. 1st cent. (Jan. 16). 
Mother of St. Pudens (2 Tim. 
iv. 21), father to SS. Praxedes 
and Pudentiana (July 21). Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Priscilla or Prisca 

Wife of St. Aquila (July 8), q.v. 

St. Priscus and Com- 
panions, of Caesarea 

MM. c. 259 (Mar. 28). Three 
Christians tortured and thrown 
to wild beasts during the 
Valerian persecution. Butler, 
Eusehius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Priscus of Capua 

M. 1st cent. (Sept. i). Is said 
to have been the owner of the 
house in which Our Lord in- 
stituted the Blessed Sacrament, 
to have followed St. Peter to 
Rome, and to have been mar- 
tyred at Capua. Rom. Mart. 

St. Privatus of Mende, 
France 

B.M. c. 3rd cent. (Aug. 21). 
Beaten to death by soldiers in 
a cave. (Callot.) Praying in a 
cave before a cross. (Icon. 
Sanct.) 

St. Prix. See 
St. Praejectus 

(Jan. 25). 

St. Prix. 8ee 
St. Pretextatus 

(Feb. 24). 

St. Proba 

Companion of St. Grimonia 
(Sept. 7), q.v. 

St. Probus of Emilia 

c. 173 (Nov. 9). Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

St. Probus 

M. Companion of St. Tarachus 
(Oct. 11), q.v. 

SS. Processus and 
Martinian, of Rome 

MM. ist cent. (July 2). Both 
bound to a hurdle. (Valentino, 
St. Peter's, Rome.) Baptized 
by St. Peter the Apostle. 



(Trevisani, St. Peter's, Rome.) 
Scourged with scorpions. (Ikon.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Crevier, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Prochorus of 
Nicomedia 

B.M. 1st cent. (Apr. 9). One 
of the first Seven Deacons, he is 
mentioned in the Acts of the 
Apostles with St. Stephen and 
St. Philip. He was martyred 
at Antioch. Usuardus, Ado, 
N other, Maurolycus, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Proclus of Con- 
stantinople 

Abp. C. 447 (Oct. 24). A 
native of Constantinople and 
disciple of St. John Chrysostom, 
he was ordained deacon and 
priest by Atticus, and from 
Bishop of Cyzicus became Arch- 
bishop of Constantinople. 
Butler, Marcellinus, Constantino- 
■politan and Russian Kalendars, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Proclus 

M. Companion of St. Theodulus 
(Jan. 14), q.v. 

St. Procopius 

Ab.H. 1053 (July 4). A stag 
taking refuge near him. (IkonTj 
Kneeling before crossed 
branches of a tree, a hind by 
him ; crown and sceptre at his 
feet. (L. Caracej.) Felling a tree. 
(P^es des Deserts.) Venerated 
at Prague on above date. Men- 
ardus, Surius and Bucelinus (on 
April i). 

St. Procopius of 
Caesarea 

Le.M. 303 (July 8). Incense 
forced into his hand. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Cross appearing to him. 
(Cahier.) Thrown down from a 
horse like St. Paiil. (Ibid.) 
Butler, Eusebius, Usuardus, 
Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Procopius of 
Alexandria 

Decapitated. (Statuary, Chartres 
Cath.) 

St. Proculus of Bologna 

M. c. 445. Leaning on sword. 
(L. Monaco, Florence Acad.) 
Sword and banner with cross. 
(Francia.) Axe in hand. 
(Bolognese -paintings.) His head 
in his hands. (Ibid.) Jameson. 

St. Proculus of 
Burgundy 

c. 530 (Nov. 4). A Bishop of 
Autun. 

St. Proculus of Verona 

B. 4th cent. (Mar. 23). Visiting 
SS. Fironus and Rusticus (Aug. 
9) in prison, he was arrested 
at his own request, but, after 
being beaten, was set free by 
the consul Anulinus on account 

107 



of his extreme age. Mod: Rom. 
Mart. ( on above date) ; Mauro- 
lycus, Greven and Canisius (on 
Dec. 9). 

St. Projectus. See 
St. Praejectus 

(Jan. 25). 

St. Prosdecimus, or 
Prosdochinus, of Padua 

B.C. c. 103 (Nov. 7). Blessing 
a church in his hand. (Cahier.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Prosdoce 

M. Companion of St. Domrina 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Prosper of Aquitain 

C. c. 455 (June 25). A layman 
of Riez and secretary to St. 
Leo the Great (Apr. 11), he 
distinguished himself by a de- 
fence of St. Augustine written 
against the doctrines of St. 
John Cassian. Rom. Mart. 

St. Prosper of Emilia 

5th cent. (June 25). Bishop of 
Reggio. During his twenty-two 
years' episcopate he is said to 
have sold all his possessions for 
the benefit of the poor. He was 
buried in his own Church of St. 
ApoUinaris at Reggio. Baring- 
Gould. 

St. Protasius of 
Lombardy 

352 (Nov. 24). Bishop of Milan. 

St. Protasius 

M. Twin brother and com- 
panion of St. Gervasius (June 
19), q.v. 

St. Protasus of 
Switzerland 

650 (Nov. 6). A Bishop of 
Lausanne. 

St. Proterius, Patriarch 
of Alexandria 

M. 457 (Feb. 28). Ordained 
priest by St. Cyril, he opposed 
Dioscorus, his successor, on 
whose deposition he was elected 
to the see of Alexandria. Driven 
by some of Dioscorus' supporters 
to take sanctuary in St. Quir- 
inus' Church, he was stabbed 
to death in the baptistry, and 
his body torn to pieces and 
btimt. Butler, Evagrius, Theo- 
doret, Henschenius, Gk. Men., 
etc. 

SS. Protus and 
Hyacinth, of Rome 

MM. 257 or 304 (Sept. 11). 
Two eunuchs, servants of 
Philip, Prefect of Egypt and 
father of St. Eugenia (Dec. 25), 
who are said to have professed 
Christianity with her and to 
have been martyred under 
Valerian or Diocletian. Butler, 
Usuardus, Bede, Wandelbert ; 
York, Sarum and Hereford 
Kalendars, Rom. Mart., etc. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Protus 

M. Tutor and companion of St. 
Cantius (May 30), q.v. 

St. Prudentius of Spain 

N.D. (Apr. 28). Bishop of 
Taragona. His life is full of 
fables and miracles, and is very 
untrustworthy. Sfanish Marts. 

St. Prudentius of Troyes 

B.C. 861 (Apr. 6). A Spaniard 
driven by the Moorish invasion 
into France, where he was 
elected Bishop of Troyes ; he 
distinguished himself by his 
writings against predestination. 
Butler, CeilUer, Gall. Marts. 

St. Psalmod 

H. d. c. 589 (Mar 8). Bom in 
Ireland, he emigrated to France 
and became an anchorite near 
Limoges, where he acquired a 
great reputation for sanctity 
and miracles. Butler, Evereux 
Mart. 

SS. Ptolemseus and 
Lucius, of Rome 

MM. c. 165 (Oct. 19). St. 
Ptolemseus, confessing himself 
a Christian, was condemned to 
death by the Prefect Urbicius. 
St. Lucius, an onlooker at his 
trial, commented on the sen- 
tence as unjust and was be- 
headed with him. Butler, Ado, 
Usuardus, Notker, Eusebius, etc. 

St. Publius 

B.M. N.D. (Jan. 21). Succeeded 
St. Dionysius the Areopagite as 
second Bishop of Athens, and 
after his martyrdom was suc- 
ceeded by St. Quadratus. Butler, 
Le Quien. 

St. Publius of Zeugma, 
in Syria 

Ab.H. (Jan. 25). Weighing 

something put into a scale by 

another hermit. {Pires des 

Deserts.) Butler, Theodoret, 
Rosweide. 

St. Publius of Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Pudens 

M. (May 19). A Roman senator 
who received St. Peter into his 
house. He was the father of 
SS. Pudentiana and Praxedes, 
and is mentioned by St. Paul 
in the Second Epistle to St. 
Timothy. Rom. Mart. 

St. Pudentiana 

V.M. (May 19). Sister of St. 
Praxedes (July 21), q.v. Cup 
in one hand, sponge distilling 
drops of blood in the other. 
{Print, after Correggio.) 

St. Pulcheria of Con- 
stantinople 

Emps. 453 (Sept. 10). Bearing 
sceptre and lily. (Ca/M) 



Tablet with word. [Cahier.) 
Butler, Sozomen, Tillemontt 
Stilting, Pinius, Gk. Men. 

St. Pulcherius. See 
St. Mochoemoc 

(Mar. 13). 

St. Quadratus of 
Athens 

B.C. c. 130 (May 26). A dis- 
ciple of the Apostles whose 
" Apology," a defence of the 
Christian religion, induced the 
Emperor Hadrian to relax his 
persecution of the Church. But- 
ler, Eusebius, Tillemont, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Quartus of Berytus 

B. 1st cent. (Nov. 3). A Chris- 
tian of Corinth, he is said to 
have been one of the Seventy, 
and later Bishop of Ber3rtus. 
Usuardus, Notker, Russ. Kalen- 
dar, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

SS. Quatuor Coronati, 
of Rome 

MM. 304 (Nov. 8). Four 
brothers holding office in Rome 
under Diocletian. Refusing to 
sacrifice to Aesculapius, they 
were scourged to death with 
leaded whips and their bodies 
cast to the dogs, but were saved 
by the Christians and buried 
on the Lavican Way. Usuardus, 
Bede, Ado ; Sarum, York, Here' 
ford and Durham Kalendars ; 
Rom. Mart. 

The Quatuor Coronati 
of Rome 

MM. 304 (Nov. 8). SS. Severus, 
Severianus, Carpophorus and 
Victorinus, brothers. As car- 
penters, with rule, square and 
other tools at their feet. [Old 
painting.) Butler, Usuardus, 
Bede; Sarum, York and Hereford 
Breviaries, Rom. Mart. 

St. Quay. See 
St. Kenan 

(Nov. 5). 

St. Queranus. See 
St. Kieran 

(Sept. 9). 

St. Quinidius of 
Vaucluse 

c. 578 (Feb. 15). Bishop of 
Vaison. 

St. Quintian of Aveyron 

527 (Nov. 10). A Bishop of 
Rodez. 

St. Quintilian of 
Auvergne 

527 (Nov. 13). Bishop of 
Clermont. 

St. Quintilian 

M. Companion of St. Maximus 
(Apr. 13), q.v. 

108 



St. Quintilian of 
Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St, Quintin, or Quentin, 
of Amiens 

M. 286 (Oct. 31). Broken wheel 
at his feet (Callot.) Hands in 
stocks, nails in his shoulders. 
{MS. Hours.) A spit. {French 
and Flemish pictures.) Spit in 
ring hand, in left a red heart 
with a white cross on it. {Glass. 
Labarte's Hist, des Arts In- 
dustriels.) Nailed in a chair 
by his hands and thighs. 
{Cahier.) As a deacon. {Mo- 
lanus.) His body washed up 
from the sea. {Icon. Sanct.) 
Hands and feet fettered. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Angel removing his 
fetters. {Weyen.) In military 
costume, holding two spits. Or 
holding a palm, two spits 
through his shoulders. {Baring- 
Gould.) Boiled in a cauldron. 
{Window, Chartres Cath.) Butler, 
Surius, Tillemont, Usuardus, 
Ado, Notker, Wandelbert; 
Sarum, York and Hereford 
Breviaries, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Quintin of Tours 

M. Late 6th cent. (Oct. 4). 
A ijative of Meaux who emi- 
grated to Paris, where the wife 
of his master had him assassin- 
ated for rejecting her overtures. 
Tours Breviary, Gall. Marts. 

St. Quiquenvat. See 
St. Cucuphas 

(July 25). 
St. Quiriacus of Treves 

P.C. c. 362 (Aug. 23). Stabbed 
in the back. {Der Heil. Leb.) 
Holding one hand cut oft. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Quiriacus 

B. Companion of St. Censurinus 

(Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Quiricus. See 
St. Cyriacus 

(June 16). 

St. Quirinus of Croatia 

B.M. c. 309 (Jime 4). A mill- 
stone. {A.Durer.) Thrown into 
a river tied to a millstone. 
{Gueffler.) Butler, Surius, Ruin- 
art, Tillemont, Usuardus, Notker, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Quirinus of 
Rome 

M. 269 (Mar. 25). He was 
executed with the sword in 
prison and his body thrown into 
the Tiber, whence it was re- 
covered by a priest named 
Pastor and buried in the ceme- 
tery of Pontianus, whence it 
was translated to Tegemsee in 
Bavaris. Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Quirinusthe Tribune 
of Rome 

M. 130 (Mar. 30J. In complete 
armour, holdmg standard 
charged with nine roundels. 
{German -picture, Jameson.) 
Shield charged with six roundels. 
{Atirih. der Heil.) His tongue 
cut out and thrown to a hawk. 
{Ibid.) Dragged by horses. 
{Ibid.) Shield with nine roundels; 
palm, horse and hawk near him. 
{Boisseree Gallery.) Usuardus, 
Ado, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Quirinus. See 
St Judas of Quiriacus 

(May 4). 

St. Quirinus 

M. Companion of St. Nicasius 
(Oct. 11), q.v. 

St. Quiteria of Gascony 

V.M. N.D. (May 22), Tradi- 
tionally beUeved to have been 
the daughter of a prince in 
Spanish Galicia who. retreat- 
ing to the valley of Aire to live 
as a recluse, was beheaded by 
a body of soldiers sent in 
search of her. Bordeaux Brevi- 
ary, Gall., Spanish and Portu- 
guese Marts. 

St. Quodrultdeus of 
Naples 

5th cent. (Oct. 26). A Bishop of 
Carthage deprived of his see, 
stripped of Ws goods and exiled 
to Naples in the Vandal per- 
secution under Genseric. Rom. 
Mart, (on above date) ; Ado (on 
Nov. 28) ; Neapolitan Kalendar 
(on Feb. 19). 

St. Quoquofatis. See 
St. Cucuphas 

(July 25). 
St. Radbod of Utrecht 

B.C. 918. (Nov. 29). B.V. Mary 
assisting him at his death. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Usuardus, 
Molanus, Mabillon, Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Radegund of 
Augsburg 

V. Late 13th cent. (Aug. 13). 
A serving maid, two wolves 
by her. {Ikon.) Wild beasts 
about her. {Ibid.) Visiting the 
sick. (Icon. Sanct.) Raderus, 
Acta Sanct. LocaJly venerated 
ia Suabia and Augsburg. 

St. Radegund of 
Poitiers 

Q. 587 (Aug. 13). Crowned, 
mantle with fleurs-de-lis. {Win- 
dow, St. Radegund, Poitiers.) 
Ibid., her sceptre tipped with a 
fleur-de-lis. (Ibid.) Ibid., 
crosier and book. {Seal of her 
abbey, Bradsole, Kent.) Ibid., 
veiled, captive kneeling holding 
broken fetters. (Jameson.) Our 
Saviour speaking to her. 
(Cahier.) In a field of ripe oats. 



(Ibid.) Holding a cross. (Ibid.) 
Chain round her ; holding a 
discipline. (Weyen.) White 
headdress, tunic with fleur-de- 
lis, mantle with castles. 
(Windows, St. Radegund, 
Poitiers.) Crowned, city of 
Poitiers behind her, model of 
it in her hands. (N. aisle, St. 
Radegund, Poitiers.) Crown at 
her feet. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Gall., Belg. and Rom. Marts. 

St. Radulphus of 
Bourges 

Abp. C. 866 (June 21). Of 
the Royal blood of France, son 
of the Count of Cahors and Lord 
of Turenne, he was made Arch- 
bishop of Bourges in 840. Dur- 
ing his occupation of the see 
he founded seven monasteries. 
Butler, Mabillon, Ado, Ceillier. 

St. Ragnbert, or 
Rembert, of Brou 

M. 675 (Jime 13). Son of Duke 
Radbert, he was murdered by 
assassins instigated by Ebroin, 
mayor of the jialace, under K. 
Thierry, by being run through 
with a lance. Breviary of St. 
Rembert' s Abbey, Gall. Marts. 

St. Ragnfried, or 
Ragenfredis, of 
Valenciennes 

Abs. c. 803 (Oct. 8). Daughter 
of St. Regina (July i) and first 
Abbess of Denain, an abbey 
founded by her mother. 

St. Ragnulf, Rainou 
or Rainofle, of Louvain 

V. 7th cent. (July 14). Edu- 
cated at the Court of Dagobert, 
she ran away from a marriage 
arranged for her and took 
shelter in the woods, where she 
died. ReUcs at Aincourt, near 
Louvain. Belg. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Raineldis 

V.M. c. 680 (July 16). Dragged 
along the ground by her hair. 
(Callot.) 

Ven. Raingarda of 
Auvergne 

W. 1135 (June 26). Of noble 
Burgundian family, on becom- 
ing a widow she entered the 
Benedictine monastery of 
Marsigny, where she became so 
celebrated for the austerity and 
humiUty of her life as to be 
honoured as a saint in Auvergne. 
Butler, D Andilly. 

St. Rainwold of 
Westphalia 

Ab. looi (Jan. 7). Our Saviour 
holding a lighted taper to his 
eyes, when asleep, to cure him 
of blindness. (Cahier.) 

St. Ralph. See 
St. Radulphus 

(June 21). 

109 



St. Ranieri. See 
St. Regnier 
(July 17)- 

St. Raymond Nonnatus 
of Barcelona 

Card. 1240 (Aug. 31). In the 
habit of Our Lady of Mercy, 
and crowned with thorns. 
(Cahier.) Padlock on his hps. 
(Ibid.) Moors or ransomed 
slaves around him. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Three or four crowns. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Pinius, Helyot, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Raymond of 
Calatrave 

Ab.C. 1163 (Feb. i). Founder 
of the Order of Calatrava. 
Holding a baimer with cross- 
sword, and trampUng on a 
turban. (Cahier.) Cistercian 
Breviary. 

St. Raymond of 
Catalonia 

C. O.S.D. 1275 (Jan. 23). In a 
boat, his cloak for a saU. 
(Bologna Gal., L. Caracci.) Key 
in hand. (Cahier.) B.V. Mary 
with Holy Infant appearing to 
him. (Husenbeth.) Butler, 
Bollandus, Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Raymond Lulli of 
Majorca 

H.M. 1315 (June3o). A courtier 
at the Court of King James of 
Spain, he entered the Church 
and spent his life in missions to 
the Moors, by whom he was 
stoned to death at Bona. A Life 
bySamarobrina, 1511. Venerated 
in Majorca as patron saint of 
the island. 

St. Raynald of Umbria 

1225 (Feb. 9). Bishop of Nocera. 

St. Recombus 

M. Companion of St. Paul 
(Jan. 18), q.v. 

St. Redempta 

V. Companion of St. Romula 
(July 23), q.v. 

St. Regina of Burgundy 

V.M. 251 (Sept. 7). In a boiling 
cauldron, torches appUed to her. 
(Callot.) Bound to a cross, 
torches applied to her sides. 
(Der Heil. Leb.) A chained 
prisoner praying, dove on lumin- 
ous cross appearing to her. 
(Bilder Legende.) Lambs or 
sheep about her. (Ikon.) Dove 
?Lymg to her. (Weyen.) Dove 
fljdng to her with a crown. 
(Cahier.) Fountain on the place 
of her martyrdom. (Ibid.) 
Peasant with book and hoe, 
sheep and oxen about her. 
(XVI. cent, stained-glass medal- 
lion.) Butler, Saussaye, Suysken 
the Bollandist, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Kegina, or Reine, of 
Flanders 

Matr. Late 8th cent. (July i). 
Wife of Adalbert and mother 
of St. Ragnfried (Oct. 8), whom 
she installed as first Abbess of 
her Abbey of Denain. Molanus, 
Miraeus, Saussaye, Belg. Marts. 

Bl. Reginald 

O.P. 13th cent, (n.d.) KneeUng 
and offering his scapular to the 
B.V. Mary. {Ch. Carmelites, 
Paris.) 

St. Reginswinda of 
LaufFen 

V.M. c. 846 (July 15). Daughter 
of Ernest, a steward of the 
forest of Spessart, she was 
strangled as a child and thrown 
into the Neckar by one of her 
father's servants. Specially 
venerated in the diocese of 
Wmrzburg. Ger. Marts. 

St. Regnfledis. See 
St. Wilgefortis 

(July 20). 

St. Regnier of Dalmatia 

M. 1180 (Aug. 4). Archbishop 
of Spalatro. 

St. Regnier of Pisa 

H. iioi (July 17). Bull near 
him. {Die Heil.) Dying in a 
coarse penitential habit. {Campo 
Santo, Pisa.) Angel annoimcing 
the pardon of his sins. (Cahier.) 
Recovering his sight at the 
foot of a crucifix. {Ibid.) Stoned 
by a devil. {Fresco, Pisa.) 
Jameson. 

St. Regula 

V.M. Sister of St. Felix (Sept. 
11). Canying her head cut off. 
{Window, Vincent Collection.) 
Bound' to a tree, naked. {Ibid.) 
Boiled in a cauldron. {Ibid.) 

St. Regulus of Aries 

B. 4th cent. (Mar. 30). Kneeling 
before the executioner, a mitre 
at his feet. {Altar, St. Regulus, 
Lucca.) Releasing captives from 
chains. {Baring-Gould.) Frogs 
about him. {Chris. Kunst.) A 
foimtain near him. {Attrib. der 
Heil.) A stag by him. {Ibid^j 
Butler, Tillemont, Gall, and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Regulus of Ireland 

c. 788 (Oct. 16). Was Abbot of 
Mac-Mis on Lough Derry. Celt. 
Marts. 

St. Regulus of Scotland 

B. 8th cent. (Oct. 17). Said 
to have been a native of Patras 
and to have brought the relics 
of St. Andrew to Scotland in 
the reign of the Emperor Con- 
stantius. Dempster, Camerarius, 
Aberdeen Breviary, Celt. Marts. 

St. Reinilda 

V. Companion of St. Herlinda 
(Mar. 22), q.v. 



St. Reinoldus 

C. 960 (n.d.) Hammer in his 
hand. {Ikon.) In armour. 
{Chris. Kunst.) 

St. Remaclus, or 
Remade, of Spa 

B.C. c. 664 (Sept. 3). Exhorting 
monks. {Abregi de la Vie SS.) 
Church in hand. {Cahier.) 
Ass laden with stones. {Ibid.) 
A wolf at his side. {Baring- 
Gould.) Ado, Wandelbert, Hra- 
banus, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Rembert of 
Grermany 

Abp. C. 888 (Feb. 4). Praying 
near a battle. {Cahier.) Dis- 
tributing pieces of the sacred 
vessels to the poor. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Mabillon, Henschenius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Remigius of 
Normandy 

c. 771 (Jan. 19). Bishop of 
Rouen. 

St. Remigius, or Remi, 
of Rheims 

Abp. 533 (Oct. i). Carrying the 
holy oils. (Formerly in Chartres 
Cath.) Birds feeding from his 
hand. {Gueffier.) Dove bringing 
him the holy chrism. {Arbor 
Past.) Ibid., and Clovis kneeling 
before him. {Statuary, Chartres.) 
Ibid., fand Clovis in the font. 
{Passionael.) Baptizing the 
kneeling Clovis, dove with halo 
hovering between them. {Flem- 
ish stained-glass medallion.) De- 
livering a possessed man. {Das 
Passional.) Contemplating the 
veil of St. Veronica. {Burg- 
maier.) Butler, Fleury, Ceillier, 
Suysken ; Sarum, York and 
Hereford Breviaries; Gall, and 
Rom. Marts. 

St. Renatus of 
Campania 

5th cent. (Oct. 6 or Nov. 12). 
Bishop of Sorrento. 

St. Renovatus of Spain 

c. 633 (Mar. 31). Was abbot 
of a monastery at Cauliana 
before his election as Bishop of 
Merida. Relics at the Church of 
St. Eulalia, Merida. Span, and 
Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Reolus of Orbais 

B. 693 (Nov. 23). Successor 
to St. Nivard as Bishop of 
Rheims. Gall. Marts. 

St. Reparata of 
Florence 

V.M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 8). Hold- 
ing crown, book, and banner 
with red cross. {A. Gaddi, 
Florence Gal.) Dove issuing 
from her mouth. {Cahier.) 

St. Repositus 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

110 



St. Respicms 

M. Companion of St. Trypho 
(Nov. 10), q.v. 

St. Restituta of 
Campania 

V.M. c. 272 (May 27). An angel 
over her head. {Attrib. der\Heil.) 

St. Restituta of Ischia 

V.M. 3rd cent. (May 17). Stand- 
ing in a burning shij) imhurt, the 
fire destroying the incendiaries. 
{Gueffier.) Papebroke. Specially 
venerated at Naples. Rom. Mart. 

St. Restitutus of Africa 

M. 3rd cent. Pec. 9). Bishop of 
Carthage. 

St. Revocatus 

M. Companion of St. Perpetua 
(Mar. 7), q.v. 

St. Reyneldis, V., and 
Companions, of 
Hainault 

MM. 7th cent. (July 16). 
Daughter of St. Amalberga and 
sister of St. Gudula, with whom 
she embraced the reUgious Ufe. 
She was murdered at Saintes 
during the Hunnish invasion. 
Belg. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Reynolfa 

R. N.D. Angel conversing with 
her. {Solitudo.) 

St. Rhais of Alexandria 

V.M. c. 308 (Sept. 5). A girl 
of twelve who, seeing a body 
of martyrs on their way to 
execution, afiiimed herself a 
Christian and was executed with 
the sword. Gk. Menology. 

St. Rhenus 

M. Companion of St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

SS. Rhipsime and 
Gaiane, of Armenia 

W. MM. c. 268 (Sept. 29). 
A Roman maiden and her 
instructress who fled from the 
Diocletian persecution and 
were tortured with fire and cut 
to pieces in Armenia on the 
refusal of St. Rhipsime to marry 
the tjrant Tiridates. Armenian 
Lives of the Saints ; Rom. Mart. ; 
Gk. Men. (on Sept. 30). 

St. Rhoda 

Holding a palm. {XV. cent, 
window, Langport.) 

St. Richard of Apulia 

B.C. c. 6th cent. (June 9). 
Blessing the town of Andri, of 
which he holds a model. {Cahier.) 

St. Richard of 
Chichester 

B. 1253 (Apr. 3). Book and 
episcopal staff, chalice lying 
on its side at his feet. {Engrav- 
ing.) A cross in his hand. 
{Cahier.) Ploughing. {Callot.) 



PLATE VI 1 




ST. REMIGIUS OF RHEIMS, 



XVI. Century Stained Glass Medallion. 
In a private collection. 



Kneeling, a chalice before him. 
{Husenbeth.) Butler, Capgrave, 
Papebroke, Eng. and Rom. Marts. 

St. Richard of Lucca, 
K., of Wessex 

C. c. 722 (Feb. 7). Pilgrim ; 
crown at his feet. {Arbor Past.) 
As a pilgrim, with his two sons. 
{Burgmaier.) Praying for the 
recovery of his sick son at a 
wayside cross. (Lives of Saints, 
Oxford.) Rom., Gall, and Sarum 
Marts. 

St. E-icharda 

Ab. 896 (n.d.) Handhng red- 
hot ploughshares. {Cahier.) 

St. Richarius of Abbe- 
ville 

Ab. 7th cent. (Apr. 26). Fleurs- 
de-lis on his habit. [Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Alcuin, Hen- 
schenius, Usuardus, Wandelbert, 
Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Richeza, Q., of 
Poland 

1063. Daughter of St. Ehren- 
fried (May 21), q.v. 

St. Rictrudes of 
Marchiennes 

Ab. 688 (May 12). Church in 
her hand. (Old engraving.) 
Butler, MabiUon, Papebroke, 
Gall., Bene, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Rieul. See 
St. Regulus 

(Mar. 30). 

St. Rigo. See 

Bl. Henry of Treviso 

(June 10). 

St. Rigobert of Rheims 

Abp. c. 750 (Jan. 4). A goose 
near him. (Baring - Gould.) 
Butler, Bollandus, Flodoard, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Rima 

Companion of St. Inna, q.v. 

St. Rioch, or Riochus 

B. Brother of St. Mael (Feb. 6), 
q.v. 

St. Riquier 

Ab. 645 (n.d.) Holding two 
keys. (Cahier.) Fountain spring- 
ing under his staff. (Ibid.) 

St. Riquier. See 
St. Richarius 

(Apr. 26). 

St. Rita 

W. 1456 (n.d.) St. John 
Baptist appearing to her. 
(Cahier.) Miraculous wound 
in her forehead. (Ibid.) Figs 
and roses near her or in her 
hands. (Ibid.) 

St. Robert of Dale 
Abbey 

13th cent, (n.d.) Shooting a 
stag with a bow. (XV. cent, 
window, Morley Ch., Derby sh.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Ploughing with two stags. 
(Ibid.) 

St. Robert of Knares- 
borough 

H. 1239 (Sept. 24). Threaten- 
ing the devil with an asperge. 
{Husenbeth.) Leading a cow. 
(ZF. cent, window in Knares- 
borough Ch.) Locally venerated 
in Yorkshire. 

St. Robert of Moleme 

Ab. mo (Apr. 29). B.V. Mary 
giving him a ring. (Cahier.) 
Butler, Rom., Gall, and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Robert of New- 
minster 

Ab.C. 1159 (June 7). Holding 
a church. (Husenbeth.) Butler, 
Le Nain, Bollandists, Wytford, 
Capgrave, Molanus, Wyon. 

St. Robert of Salentum 

C. 1341 (n.d.) Holding an 
inflamed heart pierced with 
two nails ; a cross appearing 
in the sky. (Colum. milit. Eccl.) 

St. Robert Grostete 

1253 (Oct. 9). Bishop of Lincoln. 

St. Robert of Rheims. 
See St. Rigobert 

(Jan. 4). 

Bl. Robert of Arbrissel 

Fdr. 1116 (Feb. 24). Founder 
of the Order of Fontevrault. 
Coat of mail next his skin. 
(Ikon.) Our Lord crucified and 
SS. Mary and John appearing 
to him. (Col. milit. Eccl.) 
Butler, Lobineau, Chatelain. 

Bl. Robert of Chaise 
Dieu 

Ab.C. 1067 (Apr. 24). Soldiers 
building his cell. (Cahier.) 
Chahce and Host in his right 
hand, palm in left. (Solitaire.) 
His soul ascending as a globe 
of fire. (Cahier.) Hanging his 
gloves on a sunbeam. (Ibid.) 
Church in his hand. (Ibid.) 
Butler, MabiUon, Chatelain. 

St. Rocchus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Roch of Montpellier 

C. 1327 or 1348 (Aug. 16). 
Pilgrim pointing to plague spot 
on his thigh. (XV. cent, window, 
Litfleham, Devon; Roodscreen, 
Stalham.) Pilgrim with plague 
spot on his leg ; dog with loaf 
in mouth beside him. (Venice 
Gal., Tintoretto.) Ibid., angel 
pointing to it. (Leuchtenburg 
Gal., Carotto.) Pilgrim with 
staff only. (Pitti Pal, A. del 
Sarto.) Pilgrim, dog hcking his 
wound. (Die Heiligenbild.) Pil- 
grim with plague-spot and angel 
holding a tablet with the words : 
" Eris in pesto patronus." Butler, 
Pinius, Berthier, D'Andilly, 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

Ill 



St. Rodingus 

Ab. c. 680 ^ept. 17). Foimded 
Abbey of BeauHeu in Argonne. 
Drawing gold coins from the 
water with his crosier for a 
poor woman. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Menardus, MabiUon. 

St. Rogatian 

M. Brother and companion of 
St. Donatian (May 24), q.v. 

SS. Rogatianus and 
Felicissimus of 
Carthage 

CC. Late 3rd cent. (Oct. 26). 
Mentioned by St. Cyprian as 
having witnessed a good confes- 
sion for Christ. Ado, Usuardus, 
Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Rogatus 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Roger of Todi 

C. d. 1236 (Mar. 5). A disciple 
of St. Francis of Assisi, by whom 
he was highly commended for 
the spirit of charity he pro- 
cessed, and by whom he was 
sent into Spain. Butler, Wading, 
Henschenius. 

Bl. Roger of Berri 

1368 (Mar. i). Archbishop of 
Bourges. 

St. Rognvald. See 
St. Ronald 

(Aug. 20). 

St. Rolenda of Gerpines 

V. 5th cent. (May 13). Daughter 
of the Frankish prince Desi- 
derius, she fled from marriage 
with a Scottish noble to join 
St. Ursula at Cologne, but fell 
sick and died at Gerpines, near 
Namur. Relics at Gerpines. 
Dempster, Belg. Marts. 

St. Romana of Beauvais 

V.M. c. 303 (Oct. 3). Said to 
have been a Roman maiden con- 
verted by St. Peter the Apostle, 
who was martyred wititi St. 
Lucian (Jan. 8) at Beauvais. Her 
Life is apocryphal. Gall. Marts. 

St. Romanus 

H. 5th cent, (n.d.) Stones 
showered upon him by the devil. 
(Gueffier.) Loaded with chains. 
(Ph'es des Deserts.) 

St. Romanus of Antioch 

M. 304 (Nov. 18). Strangled in 
prison. (Cahier.) Cross in 
hand, standing before a river.* 
(Chris. Kunst.) Dragon bound 
at his side * ; two persons by him, 
one holding the dragon's chain. 
(Sculpture formerly at Porte 
Boubreuil, Rouen.) See also 
St. Romanus of Lucca (Aug. 9). 
Butler. Ruinart, Tillemont, 
Usuardus, Ado, Eusebius, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart., etc. 

* The last two instances are thus 
assigned by Husenbeth, probably in 
error for St. Romanus of Rouen (Oct. 

23)- 



Saints 



St. Romanus of Autun 

H. 546 (May 22). In his hand 
a basket of bread hanging to a 
cord with a bell at the other 
end. {Cahier.) 

St. Romanus of Lucca 

M. 258 (Aug. 9). His tongue 
cutout.* (Icon. Sand.) Holding 
a pitcher or jug. (Weyen.) 

St. Romanus of Rouen 

Abp. 639 (Oct. 23). Dragon 
with his stole about its neck. 
{XIV. cent, window, St. Ouen, 
Rouen.) Stopping an inundation 
with his cross. (Cahier.) Dragon 
or gargoyle by his side. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Butler, Le Cointe, 
Gall, and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

SS. Romanus and 
David, of Visigorod 

MM. 1015 (July 24). Honoured 
as patrons of Muscovy, their 
remains were translated to 
Visigorod in 1072. Butler, 
Russian Marts. 

SS. Romanus and 
Lupicinus, of Condate, 
Jura 

c. 460 (Feb. 28). Two brothers 
who founded the monastery of 
Condate and the nunnery of La 
Beaume in the Jura. Butler, 
Mabillon, St. Gregory of Tours, 
Tillemont, Bulteau, Rom. and 
Bene. Marts., etc. 

St. Romaric of Luxeuil 

Ab. 653 (Dec. 8). A courtier 
in the reign of Clothaire II., 
he sold his estates for the poor, 
founded two monasteries in the 
Vosges and entered the Bene- 
dictine Order at Luxeuil, after- 
wards becoming Abbot of his 
own abbey at Remiremont. 
Butler, Mabillon, Bulteau, Gall, 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Romble. See 
St, Romulus 

(Sept. 5). 

St. Romedius and 
Companions 

CC. N.D. Three pilgrims, a 
bear with them. (Bavaria Pia.) 

St. Rompharius of 
Normandy 

c. 586 (Nov. 18). Bishop of 
Constances. 

St. Romuald of Italy 

Ab. 1027 (Feb. 7). Founder of 
the Order of the CamaldoU. 
Pointing to ladder with monks 
ascending upon it to heaven. 
(Vatican Gal., A. Sacchi.) 
Vision of monks ascending two 
and two without a ladder. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Holding the 
model of a monastery. (Cahier. ) 

* Possibly intended for St. 
Romanus of Antioch (Nov. 18). 
Butler, Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 



and their Emblems 

\2L V, 



Finger on his Up. (Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, St. Peter Damian, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Romula and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

VV. 6th cent. (July 23). A 
recluse dwelling in a small 
community in Rome who was 
struck with paralysis. St. 
Gregory the Great relates some 
miracles which happened on 
her death-bed. ReUcs at St. 
Maria Maggiore at Rome. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Romulus of Bourges 

Ab. 5th cent. (Dec. 25). Born 
in Brittany, he settled in Berri, 
where he foimded the Monas- 
tery of St. Peter at SouUgny, 
and died at Sancerre. Bourges 
Breviary, Gall Mart. 

St. Romulus of Fiesole, 
B., and Companions 

MM. c. 70 (July 6). Baptizing 
converts. (Altar-piece, Allori, 
Fiezole Cath.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Romulus of Greece 

M. c. 119 (Sept. 5). A chamber- 
lain to the Emperor Trajan, who, 
remonstrating against the exile 
of soldiers who were Christians, 
was beaten with rods and be- 
headed. Russ., Armenian, Rom. 
and Gk. Marts. 

St. Romulus of Diapolis 

Companion of St. Timolaus 
(Mar. 24), q.v. In mitre and 
cope ; arrow broken in his 
head. (Weyen.) 

St. Ronald of the 
Orkneys 

M. 1158 (Aug. 20). Grandson of 
Earl Thorfinn of Orkney and 
brother to St. Magnus (Apr. 16), 
he made a pilgrimage to Pales- 
tine and was murdered at 
Calder, in Caithness, by the out- 
law Thorbiom. LocaUy vener- 
ated in the Orkneys. Orkneyinga 
Saga. 

St. Ronan of Brittany 

B.H.. 6th cent. (June i). Hook- 
ing the devil's leg with his 
crosier. (Cahier.) Devil biting 
the staff of his crosier. (Ibid.) 
Bede, Colgan. Specially vener- 
ated at Quimper. 

St. Rosalia of Sicily 

V. 1160 (Sept. 4). Writing her 
name on the waU of a cave. 
(Bilder Legende.) BasiUan mm 
holding double Greek cross. 
(Baring-Gould.) Angel offering 
her a basket of flowers. (Ibid.) 
Young girl with flowing hair, 
her dress sown with wild pinks. 
(Engraving.) Wearing maniple 
and stole and holding a book. 
(Engraving.) B.V. Mary pre- 
senting her with a chaplet of 
roses. (Vienna Gal,, V. Dyck.) 

112 



Crown of white roses. 
cent, stained glass, Amesbury, 
Wilts.) Embracing a distafE. 
(Husenheth.) Book and palm. 
(Andrea da Salermo.) Specially 
venerated at Palermo. BuUer, 
Stilting, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Rosaline of 
Provence 

V. i329.(Juneii). Food for the 
poor changed into roses in her 
lap. (Blaise.) Holding a re- 
Uquary containing two eyes. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Rose of Lima 

V. 1617 (Aug. 30). Nun of the 
third order of St. Dominic, 
with a garland of roses on her 
head. (Pitti Gal., C. Dolce.) 
Crowned with thorns and hold- 
ing a rose on which is the figure 
of Our Saviour. (Murillo.) 
The Holy Infant in a nosegay of 
roses. (Bilder Legende.) Silver 
crown, with sharp points on her 
head and a rose in her hand. 
(Ikon.) Her Life by Hansen. 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. RoseofViterbo 

V. c. 1252 or 1261. (Mar. 8 and 
Sept. 4). Nun of the third order 
of St. Francis, with roses in her 
hand or apron. (Ikon.) Locally 
venerated at Viterbo. Butler, 
Suysken, Wading, Rom. and 
Franciscan Marts. 

St. Rosula 

M. Companion of St. Cres- 
centianus (Sept. 14), q.v. 

St. Rotiri. See 
St. Rusticus 

(Sept. 24). 

St. Rouin. See 
St. Rodingus 

(Sept. 17). 

St. Ruaddan of 
Ireland 

Ab. 584 (Apr. 15). Bom in 
Leinster, he founded and be- 
came first Abbot of the Monas- 
tery of Lothraen, whence he 
was advanced to a bishopric. 
He is known as one of the twelve 
apostles of Ireland. Kilkenny 
Register, Butler, Colgan, Celt, 
and German Marts. 

St. Rudbert. See 
St. Rupert 

(Mar. 27). 

St. Ruderick, P., and 
Salomon, of Cordova 

MM. 857 (Mar. 13). St. 
Ruderick, a pnest of Cabra, was 
denounced as a Christian by his 
brother, a Moslem. Waiting his 
trial, he met St. Salomon in 
prison, and they were decapita- 
tated together. St. Eulogius, 
Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Rudesind, or 
Rosinde, of Portugal 

B.C. 969 (Mar. i). Church in 

his hand. (Cahier.) Mitre and 

sword near. {Ibid.) Span, and 
Bene. Marts. 

Bl. Rudolf of Berne 

Ch.M. 1287 (Apr. 17). Holding 
a knife or penknife. {Cahier.) 

St. Rufin 

M. Companion of St. Wulfhad 
(July 24), q.v. 

SS. Rufina and 
Secunda, of Rome 

VV. MM. 257 (July 10). Float- 
ing in the sea ; a weight tied 
to their necks. {Callot.) Thrown 
into the Tiber. {Husenbeth.) 
Carrjdng bundles in their hands. 
{Cahier^ Butler, Pinius, Tille- 
mont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Rufina 

V.M. Sister and companion 
of St. Justa (July 19), q.v. 

SS. Rufinus and 
Valerius, of Soissons 

MM. c. 297 (June 14). Two 
overseers of the taxes in the 
territory of Soissons who fled 
from the persecution of Dio- 
cletian and Maximian. Over- 
taken by the prefect Rictovarus, 
they were scourged with leaden 
whips and beheaded. Butler, 
Tillemont, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Rufus of Alsace 

c. 400 (Nov. 7). Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Rufus, or Rufin, of 
Ireland 

H. (Apr 22) Mentioned as 
one of the principal saints buried 
in the Church of Glendalough. 
He is said to have been ordained 
a bishop before his death. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Rufus (of Philippi?) 

B.M. c. 116 (n.d.) An axe. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) 

SS. Rufus and Zosimus, 
of Philippi 

MM. c. 107 (Dec. 18). Men- 
tioned as martyrs by St. Poly- 
carp in his epistle to the Phihp- 
pians. Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Rufus of Rome 

ist cent. (Nov. 21). One of the 
disciples of St. Paul. 

St. Rufus of Toulouse 

(Nov. 12). Bishop of Avignon. 

St. Rufus 

Companion of St. Expeditus 
(Apr. 19), q.v. 

St. Rule. See 
St. Regulus 

(Oct. 17). 



St. Ruma 

M. Companions of St. Arethas 
(Nov. 24), q.v. 

St. Rumbold, or 
Rumold, of Mechlin 

B.M. 775 (July i). An assassin 
lying behind him with a hoe. 
(De Levens der Heilige.) Mar- 
tyred before a chest of money. 
{Burgmaier.) A child near him. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Bollandists. 

St. Rumon of Tavistock 

B.C. N.D. (Jan. 4). A bishop, 
but of what see is not known. 
He was formerly venerated at 
Tavistock, Devonshire, where 
the church was dedicated to 
him by Ordulf, Earl of Devon- 
shire, before the year 960. But- 
ler, Wilson, William ol Malmes- 
bury. 

St. Rumwald of 
Brackley 

(Nov. 3). Son of the King of 
Northumberland and grandson 
of Penda of Mercia. The year 
following his death, at an early 
age, his relics were translated 
to Brackley, Northants, and 
later to Buckinghamshire. 
Butler, L eland. 

St. Rupert of Salzburg 

B.C. 718 (Mar. 27). Baptizing 
Theodon, Duke of Bavaria. 
(Callot.) A salt-box in his hand. 
{Coins of Salzburg.) Holding a 
basket of eggs, (ibid.) Tub 
of salt in his hand. {Burgmaier.) 
Church in his hand. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Canisius, Henschenius, 
Mabillon, Bulteau, etc. 

St. Rusticus of 
Auvergne 

B. c. 450 (Sept. 24). A parish 
priest in the diocese of Auvergne 
who was elected to succeed 
Bishop Venerandus in that see. 
Butler, Baillet, Rom. Mart. 

St. Rusticus of 
Narbonne 

B. 461 (Oct. 26). Son of the 
Bishop Bonosus, he entered the 
monastic Ufe at the suggestion 
of St. Jerome, was ordained 
priest by Proculus, Bishop of 
Marseilles, and about 427 was 
elected Bishop of Narbonne. 
Rehcs at Narbonne. Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Rusticus of Trier 

c. 574 (Oct. 14). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Rusticus of Ostia 

(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com- 
panion of St. Censurinus, q.v. 

St. Rusticus 

M. Companion of St. Dionysius 
(Oct. 9), q.v. 

St. Rusticus 

M. Companion of St. Firmus 

(Aug. 9). q.v. 

118 



St. Rusticus 

M. Companion of St. Liberatus 
(Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Rutilius of Africa 

M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 2). De- 
scribed byTertiJlian as a Chris- 
tian who, fearing death, Uved 
in hiding during the persecution 
of Severus ; but when arrested 
he made bold confession of the 
faith and was martyred. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Sabagotha 

M. Wife and companion of St. 
AureUus (July 27), q.v. 

St. Sabas of Cappadocia 

Ab. 532 (Dec. 5). An apple in 
his hand. {Col. milit. Eccl.) 
Living in a cave. {Gueffier.) 
Butler, Assemani, Rom., Gk. 
and Russ. Marts. 

St. Sabas (the Goth) of 
Cappadocia 

M. 372 (Apr. 12). Boiled in 
cauldron. {Callot.) Hung by 
his hands upon a fig-tree. {Ikon.) 
Thrown into a river. {Gueffier.) 
Bunch of thorns in his hand. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Sabbas, Isaias and 
38 Companions 

MM. 273 (Jan. 14). Anchorets 
of Mt. Sinai, martyred by a 
troop of Arabians. Butler, 
Bulteau. 

St. Sabiel 

M. Companion of St. Manuel 
(June 17), q.v. 

St. Sabina of Rome 

W. 2nd cent. (Jan. 30). Hold- 
ing palm and crown. {St. 
Zaccaria, Venice.) Dragged up 
temple steps by executioner 
with drawn sword. {F. Zucchero, 
St. Sabina, Rome.) 

St. Sabina 

V. Sister of St. Sabinian 
(Jan. 29), q.v. 

St. Sabina 

V.M. (Aug. 29). Companion of 
St. Serapia (Sept. 3), q.v. 

St. Sabina 

M. Companion of St. Vincent 
(Oct. 27), q.v. 

St. Sabinian of 
Champagne 

c. 300 (Dec. 31). Bishop of Sens. 

SS. Sabinian, M., and 
Sabina, V., of France 

c- 275 (Jan. 29). St. Sabinian 
was tortured with fire and 
executed with the sword at 
Vienne in the reign of AureUan. 
St. Sabina arrived at Troyes 
after his martjTdom, where she 
was baptized and died. Butler, 
Bollandus, 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Sabinian 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Sabinian 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Peter (June 7), q.v. 

St. Sabinus, B., and 
Companions, of Assisi 

MM. 304 (Dec. 30). His hands 
chopped off. [Callot.) Hands 
chopped off ; giving sight to a 
youth. [Gueffier.) Overthrowing 
an image of Jupiter. (Icon. 
Sand.) In armour in battle. 
(Molanus.) Butler, Baronius, 
Surius, Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sabinus of Canosi 

B. c. 566 (Feb. 9). An aged 
man, blind, and receiving a cup 
from King Totila. [Cahier.) 
St. Gregory the Great. 

St. Sabinus of Emilia 

B. 4th cent. (Jan. 17). A 
Roman by birth, he was forty- 
five years Bishop of Piacenza, 
during which time he attended 
the Councils of Nicaea and 
Aquileija. St. Gregory the Great, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sabinus of Sicily 

8th cent. (Oct. 15). Bishop of 
Catania. 

SS. Sabinus and 
Eunomius, of Lesina 

BB. (Feb. 9). His body, dis- 
covered in 1597, was translated 
to the Church of the Annunciata 
at Naples. Baring-Gould. 

St. Sacerdos of 
Limousin 

c. 530 (May 5). A Bishop of 
Limoges. 

St. Sadoth, B., and 128 
Companions, of 
Seleucia 

MM. 342 (Feb. 20). His pre- 
decessor, St. Simeon, Bishop of 
Ctesiphon (Apr. 17), appearing 
to him on a ladder and beckon- 
ing him up to heaven. [Gueffier. ) 
Butler, Bollandus, Ruinart, 
Assemani, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sair. See St. Serf 

(Apr. 20). 

St. Salaberga of Laon 

Ab. 654 (Sept. 22). As a young 
bUnd girl, carried in the arms 
of St. Eustasius of Luxeuil 
(Mar. 29). Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Salaun of Brittany 

C. 1358 (Nov. i). A beggar of 
weak intellect who, challenged 
by some soldiers, declared him- 
self to belong to neither of their 
parties, but " to Mary." The 
tradition says that a white lily 
grew from his mouth after 
death. Albert le Grand. Vener- 
ated at N.D. de Follgoat. 



SS. Salome, V., and 
Judith, W., of Bavaria 

9th cent. (June 29). Various 
conflicting histories exist of 
these saints. It seems probable 
that St. Judith was an English 
widow, a princess, and that St. 
Salome was a maiden of royal 
blood akin to her. It is beUeved 
that the former was actually 
Queen Edburga of Wessex, 
hving in seclusion under an 
assimied name after her ejection 
from England. Locally canon- 
ised at Alteich, in Bavaria. 
Asser, Wm. of Malmeshury, 
Bene, and Ger. Marts. 

St. Salome, Wife of 
Zebedee 

ist cent. (Oct. 22). With her 
children, SS. James the Great 
and John the Evangelist. {XV. 
cent, window. All Souls Coll., 
Oxon.; Parclose screen, Ran- 
worth.) Holding a vase of oint- 
ment. (Weyen.) Usuardus, 
Ado., Gk. Men. and Rom. Mart. 

St. Salomon 

M. Companion of St. Ruderick 
(Mar. 13), q.v. 

St. Saluator 

Companion of St. Octavius 
(Nov. 20), q.v. 

St. Salvator of Horta 

C. 1567 (n.d.) a young tree 
in his hand. (Ikon.) As a 
gardener. (Aitrib. der Heil.) 
Walking on hot coals. {Chris. 
Kunst.) Surrounded by cripples 
and poor. {Cahier.) 

St. Salvius of Flanders 

B.M. 8th cent. (June 26). 
Murdered with an axe at the 
castle of Brevitic, near Valen- 
ciermes, by one Winegard, son 
of his host. Rom., Gall, and 
Belg. Marts. 

St. Salvius of 
Languedoc 

B. 584 (Sept. 10). Seventh 
Bishop of Albi, he was celebrated 
for his generosity to the poor, 
and for redeeming a number 
of prisoners taken from Albi 
by Mommolus. Butler, St. 
Gregory of Tours, Gall, and 
Rom. Marts. 

St. Salvius of Picardy 

B.C. Late 7th cent. (Jan. 11). 
Successor to Bishop Ado of 
Amiens. Relics at Montreuil, 
whither they were translated 
from Amiens Cathedral. Butler, 
Baillet, Bollandus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Samarevis. See 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 

St. Samonas 

M. Companion of St. Gurias 
(Nov. 15), q.v. 

114 



St. Sampson of Dol 

B. c. 564 (July 28). In a 
blue robe. {XV. cent, window, 
Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) A cross 
near him. {St. Sampson's Church, 
Cornwall.) Dove over his head. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Mdbillon, 
Solier, Gall, and Rom. Marts. 

St. Sampson Xeno- 
dochus of Constanti- 
nople 

P- 530 (June 27). Bom of 
patrician family at Rome, he is 
said to have cured the Emperor 
Justinian of Constantinople of a 
disease by his touch, and to 
have refused any reward except 
a building for conversion into 
a hospital. Gk. Men., Syrian 
Mart. 

St. Samthana of Ireland 

V. Abs. 738 (Dec. 19). Foun- 
dress of the monastery of Cluain- 
bronach. Butler, Colgan. 

St. Samuel 

M. One of the seven Franciscan 
Martyrs (Oct. 13), q.v. 

St. Samuel 

M. Companion of St. Elias 
(Feb. 16), q.v. 

St. Sanctianus, and 
Companions, of 
Soissons 

MM. 273 (Sept. 6). Two 
brothers and their sister, Spani- 
ards, who came to Soissons and 
were condemned to execution 
by the sword of the prefect 
Aurehan. Gall. Marts., Usuardus 
(who gives St. Beata on July 29). 

St. Sanctus 

M. Companion of St. Pothinus 
(June 2), q.v. 

St. Sandocus of 
Toulouse 

7th cent. (Dec. 10). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Sapienta and Com- 
panions 

MM. (Aug. i). ■ The legend 
states that St. Sapienta, with 
her three daughters. Fides, Spes 
and Charitas, were martyred by 
" Antiochus, prefect of Rome 
in the reign of Hadrian." Faith 
was beaten, thrown into molten 
pitch and beheaded ; Hope cast 
into a furnace, but, being un- 
hurt, was slain with the sword, 
as also was Charity, who was 
followed by their mother. The 
Rev. Baring-Gould suggests that 
the legend is derived by vulgar 
tradition from the foundation, 
by Justinian, of the Church of 
Sta. Sophia at Constantinople. 
Sophia, Latinised, became 
Sapientia, and the three 
daughters of wisdom being 
Faith, Hope and Charity, tradi- 
tion has ascribed personalities to 



Saints and their Emblems 



the four virtues. See SS. Faith, 
Hope and Charity (Aug. i). 
Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sapor, and Com- 
panions, of Persia 

MM. (Nov. 30). A bishop of 
Beth-nictor and members of 
his flock tortured and martyred 
in the persecution of Sapor II. 
Assemani, Butler. 

St. Sara of Lybia 

V.Abs. Late 4th cent. (July 13). 
An abbess in Scete noted for her 
purity and asceticism. Some of 
the Greek Menceas. 

St. Sativola. See 
St. Sidwell 

(Aug. 2). 

St.Sator 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Saturian 

M. Companion of St. Martinian 
(Oct. 16), q.v. 

SS. Saturninus, P., 
Davitus and Com- 
panions, of Africa 

MM. 304 (Feb. 11). A priest, 
with members of his congrega- 
tion, tried at Carthage under 
the proconsul Anulinus. Two, 
both named Felix, died of their 
wounds, but the others survived 
their tortures, only to die in 
prison. Butler, Bollandus, 
Ruinart, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Saturninus and 
Sisinus, of Rome 

MM. 304 (Nov. 29). Beheaded 
at Rome in the reign of Dio- 
cletian, and buried two miles 
from the city on the road to 
Nomentum. Rom. Mart. 

St. Saturninus of 
Saragossa 

M. (Apr. 16). Four saints of 
this name were companions of 
St. Optatus, q.v. 

St. Saturninus of 
Toulouse 

B.M. 275 (Nov. 29). A bull 
at his feet. {Husenheth.) 
Dragged by a wild bull. [Statu- 
ary, Chartres Cath.) Strangled. 
(Icon. Sand.) Skin torn off. 
(Weyen.) Tom with iron hooks. 
{Das. Pass.) Butler, Tillemont, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Saturninus 

M. Companion of St. Pere- 
grinus (July 7), q.v. 

St. Saturninus 

M. Companion of St. Perpetua 
(Mar. 7), q.v. 

St. Saturus 

M. Companion of St. Armo- 
gastes (Mar. 29), q.v. 



St. Satyrius of Milan 

C. c. 392 (Sept. 17). Elder 
brother of St. Ambrose of Milan 
(Apr. 4andDec. 7), who preached 
his funeral oration. He was a 
lawyer, and at one time a prefect, 
probably of Liguria. Milanese 
and Rom. Marts. 

St. Satyrus and Com- 
panions 

MM. (Jan. 12). Said to have 
been beheaded for making the 
sign of the cross and overthrow- 
ing an idol at Antioch or Achaia. 
Nothing is known of his com- 
panions or the date of their 
martyrdom. Baring-Gould, All 
Marts. 

St. Satyrus 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Sauve. See 
St. Salvius 

(Jan. II). 

St. Savin of Tarbes 

M. 5th cent. (Oct. 9). Instruct- 
ing the young son of the Count 
of Poitiers. [XV. cent, painting, 
St. Saviour's Ch., Lourdes.) 
Assiuning the Benedictine 
habit. [Ibid.) A bUnd man 
recovering sight by touching 
his dead body. [Ibid.) Saving 
a drowning horse and man by 
prayer. [Ibid.) Gall, and Bene. 
Marts. 

St. Savina 

V. (Jan. 30). Giving alms to a 
cripple. [Der Heyl. Leb.) 

St. Savinian 

B.M. c. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Be- 
headed at the altar. [Cahier.) 

Bl. Schetzelo of 
Luxemburg 

C. 1138 (Aug. 6). A hermit 
living in the Ardennes to whom 
St. Bernard, finding him nearly 
naked, sent some clothing, which 
he refused to wear. Loccdly 
venerated at Luxemburg. Belg. 
and Cistercian Marts. 

St. Scholastica of Monte 
Cassino 

V. Abs. 543 (Feb. 10). Dark 
blue habit, abbess's staff and 
book. [XV. cent, window, 
Merton Coll., Oxon.) Crucified 
in her hand, her soul departing 
in the form of a dove. [Tab. 
de la Croix.) Lily ; dove at her 
feet or held to her bosom. 
[Jameson.) Kneeling before St. 
Benedict's cell. [Cat. Sanct.) 
See references given for her 
brother, St. Benaiict (Mar. 21). 

St. Scholastica 

Wife of St. Injuriosus (May 25), 
q.v. 

St. Scholasticus. See 
St. John Climachus 

(Mar. 30). 

115 



St. Scubicolus 

M. Companion of St. Nicasius 
(Oct. 11), q.v. 

St. Seachnal. See 
St. Secundinus 

(Nov. 27). 

St. Sebaldus, King of 
Denmark 

H. c. 750 (Aug. 19). As a 
pilgrim. [Coins of Nuremberg.) 
Pi^rim preaching. [Solitudo.) 
Pilgrim holding up a piece or 
money. [Bur^maier.) Pilgrim ; 
church in his hand. [Hans 
Sebald Beham, DUrer, Lib. 
Cronic.) Two oxen near him. 
[Ikon.) Crossing the Danube on 
his cloak. [Jameson.) Curing 
a bUnd man. [Cahier.) Vener- 
ated at Nuremberg. Ger. Marts. 

St. Sebastian of Rome 

M. 303 (Jan. 20). In armour, 
holding a long arrow and shield. 
[XV. cent. Flemish window, 
Shrewsbury.) Holding paJm and 
three arrows. [St. Pietro, 
Perugia.) Bound, ^pierced by 
three arrows. [Perugino, 

Florence Gal.) In armour, hold- 
ing cross and two arrows. 
[Hotel de Cluny, Paris.) Bound, 
angels withdrawing arrows from 
his wounds. [Vandyck, Petro- 
grad.) Boxmd to a tree pierced 
with arrows, i^ont, Colney.) 
Shield and three arrows. [St. 
Mary's, Cologne.) In armour, 
holding a bow. [MS. , Brit. Mus. ) 
Kneelmg, holding up two 
arrows. [Pitti Gal., Guercino.) 
Standing with a hly by him. 
[Spanish Gal., Louvre.) All 
Western Marts. 

St. Sebbi, or Sebba, K. 
of the East Saxons 

C. 697 (Aug. 29). Tenth King 
of the East Saxons. He resigned 
the crown after a thirty years' 
reign and entered a monastery 
under Saldhere, successor to 
St. Erkenwald (April 30), Bishop 
of London. His tomb in old 
St. Paul's was destroyed in the 
Great Fire of London. Butler, 
Alford, Bede, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Secunda 

M. Companion of St. Donatella 
(July 30), q.v. 

St. Secunda 

V.M. Sister of St. Rufina 
(July 10), q.v. 

St. Secunda 

One of the SciOitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17), q.v. 

St. Secundinus of 
Ireland 

B. 448 (Nov. 27). A nephew 
and disciple of St. Patrick who 
became Bishop of Dimshaglin, 
CO. Meath. BuUer, Colgan, 
Ware. 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Secundinus and 
Agapius, of Numidia 

BB. MM. 259 (Apr. 29). Re- 
called from exile by Valerian 
to be imprisoned, tortured and 
executed at Cirta. Rom. Mart. 

St. Secundinus of 
Tuscany 

(Feb. II). A Bishop of Troja. 

St. Secundinus 

B.M. Companion of St. Castus 
(July I), q.v. 

St. Secundulus 

M. Companion of St. Perpetua 
(Mar. 7), q.v. 

St. Secundus, P., and 
Companions, of 
Alexandria 

MM. 356 (May 21). Martyred 
by command of the Arian bishop 
George whilst keeping the Feast 
of Pentecost. Rom. Mart. 

St. Secundus of Asti 

M. 119 (Mar. 30). Angel bring- 
ing the B. Sacrament. [Attrib. 
der Heil.) A sword. {Ihid.) 
Angels burying him. {Chris. 
ifMwsi.) Clouds over him. [Ikon.) 
Church in his hand. {Cahier.) 
Molanus. 

St Secundus of Spain 

1st cent. (May 2). Bishop of 
Avila. 

St. Secundus 

B. (May 11). Companion of St. 
Torquatus (May 15), q.v. 

St. Segni 

B.C. (n.d.) Raising a horse 
to Ufe. (Cahier.) 

St. Seine. See 
St. Sequanus 

(Sept. 19). 

St. Seiriol of Anglesey 

C. Bearded, in skuU cap, hold- 
ing book, rosary and crosier. 
{Window, Penmon Priory.) 

St. Seleniades 

M. Companion of St. Marcian 
(June 5), q.v. 

St. Seleucus 

M. Companion of St. Elias 
(Feb. 16), q.v. 

St. Senan, or Sennan, of 
Iniscathy 

B. Ab.C. 554 (Mar. 8). Bom 
in county Clare, he entered the 
monastic hfe under the Abbot 
Cassidan, was consecrated 
Bishop, and founded a monas- 
tery on Iniscathy, at the mouth 
of the Shannon. It is claimed 
that he travelled in Brittany, 
where he is known as St. San6. 
Butler, Colgan, Albert le Grand, 
Irish Marts. 

St. Senan of Wales 

H. 7th cent. (Apr. 29). A 
hermit in North Wales. It is 



uncertain whether St. Sennen, 
in Cornwall, is named after 
him, or the St. Senan who is 
described as a companion of 
St. la (Oct. 27) by Baring- 
Gould. Alford, Ferrarius, Bol- 
landists, Ang. Mart. 

St. Senan 

Ab. Companion of St. la 
(Oct. 27), q.v. 

St. Sendon. See 
St. Sindulphus 

(Oct. 20). 

St. Sennen 

M. Companion of St. Abdon 
(July 30), q.v. 

St. Senorina 

V. Abs. N.D. Frogs silent at 
her command. {Cahier.) Vessel 
standing by her. {Ibid.) 

St. Septimus 

M. One of the twelve brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

St. Septimus 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
Liberatus (Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Sequanus of Langres 

Ab. c. 580 (Sept. 19). Bom 
in Burgundy, he entered the 
monastery of Riom after taking 
priest's orders, and later built 
and became first abbot of 
another monastery at Segestre, 
near the source of the Seine, 
where he died. Butler, St. 
Gregory of Tours, Mdbillon, 
Baillet. 

Bl. Seraphina of Pistoja 

W. Abs. 1478 (Sept. 8). 
Daughter of Guido, Count of 
Urbino, she was married by 
proxy to Sforga of Pistoja at 
the age of fourteen. Falsely 
accused of infideUty, she left 
her husband, and entered a 
convent of the Poor Clares, 
where she died. Franciscan 
Mart. 

SS. Serapia and 
Erasma, of Rome 

W. MM. c. 121 (Sept. 3). 
Praying by martyrs' bodies ; 
an angel standing by them. 
{Callot.) St. Serapia with tablet 
or book. {Weyen.) 

SS. Serapia and Sabina, 
of Rome 

MM. c. 126 (Sept. 3). St. Sabina 
was a rich widow of Umbria 
who, with her servant, St. 
Serapia, a native of Antioch, 
was arrested by the governor 
Beryllus at the beginning of the 
persecution of Adrian. St. 
Serapia was beaten to death 
with clubs. Her mistress, re- 
leased for a time on account of 
her position, was martyred the 
following year. Butler (on 
Aug. 29). 

116 



St. Serapion of 
Alexandria 

M. c. 249 (Nov. 14). Thrown 
oft a house. {Callot.) Thrown 
out of a window. {Ikon.) 
Usuardus, Ado, Eusebius, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Serapion of Algiers 

M. c. 1240 (Jan. 31). Cmcified 
and disembowelled. {Cahier.) 
Butler. 

St. Serapion of Antioch 

B. c. 211 (Oct. 30). Eighth 
Bishop of Antioch, he was a 
firm opponent of the Montane 
heresy, and was celebrated for 
his writings on the subject. 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Euse- 
bius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Serapion of Arsinoe 

Ab. (Mar. 21). He is said to 
have governed 10,000 monks 
dispersed in the deserts and 
monasteries near Arsinoe. 
Butler, Canisius, Palladius, 
Sozomen. 

St. Serapion the 
Sindonite, Mk., and 
Companions, of Egypt 

MM. 388 (Mar. 21). Soldhimself 
as a slave, first to a comedian, 
and later to a Manichsean 
of Laced emonia, with the object 
of converting them and their 
famiMes. After studying at 
Rome, he returned to Egj^t, 
where he died in the desert. 
Butler, Palladius, Henschenius. 

St. Serapion 

M. One of the Seven Sleepers 
of Ephesus (Jime 27), q.v. A 
torch. {Musaeum Victorium, 
Rome.) 

St. Serapion of Sicily 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 12). Was 
Bishop of Catania. 

St. Serapion of 
Thmuis 

B. 4th cent. (Mar. 21). He is 
said to have suffered for oppos- 
ing Arianism in the reign of 
Constantius. He wrote several 
epistles, euid a treatise on the 
titles of the Psalms. Butler, 
Photius, Sozomen, Tillemont, 
Ceillier, Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Serapion 

M. (Feb. 25). Companion of 
St. Victorinus, q.v. Beheaded 
during the Decian persecution. 

St. Serenus of Celle 

P.C. c. 650 (Oct. 2). Said to 
have been a cowherd. Ordained 
priest by Pope John IV. and 
to have brought the reUcs of 
SS. Fabian and Sebastian to 
Celle. His life is full of ana- 
chronisms. Specially venerated 
at Troyes. Usuardus, Ado, 
Greven, Canisius, Saussaye. 



St. Serenus the 
Grardener of Hungary 

M. 307 (Feb. 23). A Greek by 
birth, beheaded for rebuking a 
Roman lady and confessing 
himself a Christian. Butler, St. 
Jerome, Wilson, Rom. Mart. 

St. Serenus 

M. Companion of St. Plutarch 
(June 28), q.v. 

St. Serf, or Sernan, of 
the Orkneys 

B. 5th cent. (Apr. 20). A dis- 
ciple of St. Palladius and Apostle 
and first Bishop of the Orkney 
Islands. Butler, Lesley, Aberdeen 
and Culross Kalendars. 

St. Sergius of Caesarea 

M. c. 290 (Feb. 24). Angel 
healing Ms wounds. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Shoes with spikes 
inside them. (Ikon.) Bede, 
Usuardus, Ado, Rom. and Ger. 
Marts. 

SS. Sergius and 
Bacchus, of Syria 

MM. c. 250 (Oct. 7). Roman 
officers bearing palms. (Revue 
de I' Art ChrStien.) St. Sergius 
holding a cross to his breast ; 
also holding a white shield 
charged with a golden " cross 
flory." (Si. Serge, Angers.) 
Scourged by executioners 01 
Maximin. (Statuary, Chartres 
Cath.) Butler, Theodoret, G. 
Gregory, Bede, Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Sergius I. of Rome 

Pope. 701 (Sept. 9). A native 
of Palermo and son of a 
merchcint, he succeeded Pope 
Conon in 687. Anastasius the 
Librarian, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sergius of Russia 

Ab. H. 1392 (Sept. 25). Bom 
at Rostoff, he became a recluse 
in the forests of Radonege, , 
and later received priest's 
orders from Athanasims, Bishop 
of Volkjmia. With his own 
hands he built a wooden church 
in the forests, which became 
the foundation of Troitzka 
Abbey, the most celebrated 
and wealthiest monastery in 
Russia. Russian Kalendar. 

St. Sergius 

Mk. M. Companion of St. 
John (Mar. 20), q.v. 

St. Sernin. See 
St. Saturninus 

(Nov. 29). 

St. Servanus. See 
St. Serf 

(Apr. 20). 

St. Servatus, or Servais, 
of Maestricht 

B. 384 (May 13). Lying in an 
open tomb. (C allot.) Angel 



Saints and their Emblems 



leading him and bringing him 
a crosier and mitre, ((^ahier.) 
Causing a fountain to spring 
up. {J.hid.) Holding a silver 
key. (St. Mary's, Cologne.) 
Key in his hand ; dragon at his 
side. (De Leu ens der Heylige.) 
Asleep in the sun ; an eagle 
shading and fanning him. (Der 
Heyl. Leb.) Praying before a 
crucifix ; dragon behind him. 
(Husenbeth.) Butler, Hen- 
schenius, Belg. and Mod. Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Servius 

M. Companion of St. Liberatus 
(Aug. 17), q.v. 

St. Servulus of 
Rome 

C. 590 pec. 23). A beggar 
Ijdng on a pallet listening to 
the scriptures read to him ; 
angels above with celestial 
music. (Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Sethrida of Brie 

V. Abs. 7th cent. (Jan. 10). 
A daughter of the wife of Anna, 
King of East AngUa, who 
crossed over to France, where 
she entered and became Abbess 
of the convent of Brie. Bede, 
Haupsfield. 

SS. Seven Franciscans 
of Morocco 

MM. 1221 (Oct. 13). A party 
of five Franciscan missionaries 
having suffered for the faith 
in Morocco in 1220, seven of 
their brethren went to take 
their places in the following 
year. Their names were Daniel, 
Samuel, Angelus, Donulus, Leo, 
Nicholas and Hugolin. Appre- 
hended in Ceuta, they were 
taken before the king Mahomet 
and beheaded. Butler, Wading, 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Seven Sleepers of 
Ephesus 

c. 250 (July 27). Seven young 
men asleep in a cave. (Chapel 
of St. Edward the Confessor, 
Westminster.) Seven men asleep, 
an angel guarding them. (Icon. 
Sanct.) The following separate 
emblems are given in the 
Musaeum Victorium, Rome : 
SS. John, Constantine and 
Maximian, each with a club ; 
SS. Martian and Malchus, with 
axes ; St. Serapion, a torch ; 
St. Dionysius, a large naU. 
Butler, Ctiper, St. Gregory of 
Tours, Rom. Mart. 

St. Severian of 
Scythopolis 

B.M. c. 452 (Feb. 21). Mas- 
sacred by the soldiers of the 
Eutychian monk, Theodosius, 
for his efforts to prevent the 
spread of the Eutychian heresy. 
Butler, Evagrius, Rom. Mart. 

117 



St. Severian of Sebaste 

M. c. 300 (Sept. 9). Hung up 
with stones to his feet. (Ikon.) 
Russian Kalendar, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Severian 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Severianus 

M. One of the Quatuor Coronati 
(Nov. 8), q.v. 

St. Severinus of 
Agaunum 

Ab. d. 507 (Feb. 11). Heahng 
K. Clovis. (Old engraving.) 
Rays of light descending on 
him. (Cahier.) Butler, Mabillon, 
Surius, Bollandists, Chatelain, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Severinus of 
Burgundy 

B.C. c. 420 (Oct. 23). A Bishop 
of Bordeaux, of which city he is 
a patron. He is sometimes con- 
fused with St. Severinus of 
Cologne. Butler, St. Gregory of 
Tours, Baillet. 

St. Severinus of Cologne 

Abp. c. 403 (Oct. 23). Cele- 
brated for his strenuous opposi- 
tion to the Arian heresy. He 
is said to have known by revela- 
tion of the death of St. Martin 
of Tours. Butler, St. Gregory of 
Tours. 

St. Severinus of Trier 

4th cent. (Dec. 21). Bishop of 
Treves. 

St. Severinus of Vienna 

p. Ap. 482 (Jan. 8). Vision 
of angels. (Callot.) Church in 
his hand. (Capitular seal.) 
Preaching to the people. (A ttrib. 
der Heil.) Superintending the 
building of a church. (Pas- 
sionael.) Angels singing and 
pla5dng musical instruments 
above him. (Weyen.) Butler, 
Tillemont, Bollandus, Rom. and 
Ger. Marts. 

St Severus of 
Avranches 

B. 6th cent. (Feb. i). A horse 

by his side. (Ikon.) A boy, 

mares beside him. (Baring- 
Gould.) Gall. Marts. 

St. Severus of Barcelona 

B.M. 633 (Nov. 6). Nail in his 
head and hand. (Chris. Kunst.) 
Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Severus of Naples 

B. 5th cent. (Feb. 15 or Apr. 30). 
Obtaining a declaration from 
a dead man. (Cahier.) Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Severus, B.C., and 
Companions, of 
Ravenna 

c. 390 (Feb. i). Bishop holding 
a shuttle. (Baring-Gould.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Weaver's loom and implements. 
(Das Pass.) Dove on his 
shoulder. {Cahier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Severus of Valeria 

p. c. 800 (Feb. 15). Priest of 
a church in the district of 
Valeria between the Tiber and 
the Velino. A legend told of him 
by St. Gregory recalls another 
of St. Severus of Naples that a 
dead man was recalled to life 
to make a confession. Relics 
translated to Meyfeld, near 
Coblenz, c. 980. Si!. Gregory the 
Great, Rom. Mart. 

St. Severus of Vienna 

P.C. 5th cent. (Aug. 8). Hold- 
ing a devU in a chain. {Cahier.) 

St. Severus 

M. Companion of St. Dionysia 
(Dec. 6), q.v. 

St. Severus 

P.M. Companionof St. Paulinus 
(July 12), q.v. 

St. Severus 

P.M. Companion of St. Philip 
(Oct. 22), q.v. 

St. Severus 

M. One of the Quatuor Coronati 
(Nov. 8), q.v. 

St. Sexburga of Kent 

Q. Abs. 699 (July 6). Bearing 
a palm branch. {JiVindow, Wal- 
pole Ch.) Butler, Capgrave, etc. 

St. Sezin of Brittany 

B. Early 6th cent. (Mar. 6). 
Traditionally beheved to have 
been bom in Ulster in 402, to 
have studied at Rome, to have 
become a bishop and to have 
died in Brittany at the age of 
one hundred and twenty-seven 
years. He is titular saint of 
Guic-Senzi, in the diocese of 
St. Pol de Leon. Colgan, Albert 
leGrand. Venerated in Brittany. 

St. Sidonius. See 
St. Appolinaris 

(Aug. 23). 

St. Sidronius 

M. c. 270 (July 11). He is said 
to have suffered in the persecu- 
tion of AureUan at Rome, whence 
his reUcs were translated to 
Meissen, near Ypres in Belgium, 
by Adela, Countess of Flanders, 
in 1067. Lubin, Rom., Gall, 
and Belg. Marts; Butler (on 
Sept. 8). 

St. Sidwell, or Sativola, 
of Exeter 

V.M. c. 740 (Aug. 2). Scythe 
and weU. (E. window, Exeter 
Cath., All Souls Coll., Oxford.) 
Her head in her hands. [Rood- 
screen, Plymtree.) Oliver's 
History of Exeter. Commemo- 
rated at Exeter on Nov. i. 

St. Sifridus 

B.C. N.D. Church in his hand. 
(Cahier.) 



St. Sigebald of Lorraine 

741 (Oct. 26). Bishop of Metz. 

St. Sigebert of Essex 

K.M. 637 (Oct. 29). Successor 
to Earpwald, King of the East 
Saxons, he resigned his crown 
and entered a monastery. Leav- 
ing it on its invasion by Penda, 
King of Mercia, he entered the 
battie hne armed only with a 
wand, and was killed, together 
with his successor, Ecgric. 
Bollandists (on above date) ; 
Menardus, Colgan and Bene. 
Marts, (on Aug. 7) ; Wilson and 
Alford (on Sept. 26). 

St. Sigebert II. of Metz 

K.C. 656 (Feb. I). Church in 
his hand. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Calmet, Gall. Marts. 

St. Sigfried of Sweden 

B. 1002 (Feb. 15). Known as 
the Apostle of Sweden, he 
founded the cathedral of Mexio 
and many other churches. 
Butler, Bollandus, Beuzelius, 
Mabillon, Cologne Kalendar, 
Ger. Mart. 

St. Sigiranus. See 
St. Siran 

Pec. 4). 

St. Sigisbert 

CM. Companion of St. Placidus 
(July II), q.v. 

St. Sigismund of Prague 

K.H.M. 517 (May i). Drowned 
in a well by barbarians. Hold- 
ing a sword, his two sons by 
him, a well behind him. {Burg- 
maier.) Usuardus, Ado, N other, 
Hrabanus, Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Silan. See 
St. Silave 

(May 17). 

St. Silans 

B.C. 1094 (n.d.) Two angels 
with him. {Cahier.) 

St. Silas, or Sylvanus, of 
Macedonia 

Ap. 1st cent. (July 13). Men- 
tioned under the name of 
Sylvanus in the Epistles of St. 
Paul as one of the Elders of the 
Church in Jerusalem, and accom- 
panied SS. Paul and Barnabas 
on their return to Antioch. See 
Acts XV. 22, 32 ; xvi. 37 ; xvii. 14, 
40 ; xviii. 5 ; 2 Cor. i. 19 ; 
1 Thess. i. i ; i Peter v. 12 ; 
Rom. xvi. 22, etc., etc. All 
Martyrologies. 

St. Silave of Lucca 

B.C. iioo (May 17). An Irish 
monk and abbot of St. Brendan, 
who became Bishop of Lucca. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Silin. See St. Sulien 

(Nov. 8). 

St. Silvanus 

B.M. (Feb. 20). Devoured by 
a lion. {Callof.) 

118 



St. Silvanus of Ahun, 
France 

M. Early 5th cent. (Oct. 16). 
Watering flowers. (Husenbeth.) 

St. Silverius 

Pope. M. 538 (June 20). Hold- 
ing a model of a church. 

{Cahier.) 

St. Silvester of Trani, 
Italy 

Mk. d. 1185 (Jan. 2). A monk 
of the Order of St. Basil in the 
Convent of St. Michael at Bari, 
of whom many miracles are 
related. Locally venerated at 
Trani. Baring-Gould. 

St. Silvester Gozzolini 

Ab. 1267 (n.d.) Infant Jesus 
appearing to him as in the 
stable at Bethlehem. {Cahier.) 

St. Silvin of Thirouanne 

B.C. 718 (Feb. 17). Casting 
out a devil. {Old engraving.) 
Holding a taper. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Mabillon, Bollandus, 
Chatelain. 

St. Simeon, Bishop of 
Jerusalem 

M. 107 or 116 (Feb. 18). Cruci- 
fied. {Callot.) As a child, with 
his mother and brothers ; a 
fish in his hand.* {Screen, Ran- 
worth.) A child with a fish.* 
{Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.) 

St. Simeon of Polirona 

H. 1016 (July 26). A stag near 
him. {Cahier.) Bene, and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Simeon of Seleucia 
and Ctesiphon 

B.M. c. 341 (Apr. 21). Son 
of a fuller and a disciple of 
Papas, Bishop of Ctesiphon, 
he was taken in chains before 
King Sapor and beheaded, with 
a himdred fellow-martjTS. Ado, 
Usuardus, Sozomen, Rom. Mart., 
Butler (on April 17). 

St. Simeon Meta- 
phrastes, of Constanti- 
nople 

C. loth cent. (Nov. 27). Bom 
of an illustrious family at Con- 
stantinople, he journeyed to the 
island of Crete at an early age, 
and there began the collection 
of lives of the saints with which 
his name is stiU Eissociated. 
Bollandus, Surius, Gk. Men., 
Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Simeon the Old of 
Syria 

Ab. d. c. 460 (Jan. 26). A 
soUtary who, being joined by 
a large number of disciples, 
founded a monastery at Mount 
Amanus near Antioch. Theo- 
doret. 

* Probably an error by confusion 
with St. Simon the Apostle. Butler, 
Eusebius, Tillemont, Rom. Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Simeon the Prophet 
of Jerusalem 

ist cent. (Oct. 8). Holding the 
Holy Infant in his anns. {Arbor 
Past.) Usuardus, Ado, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Simeon Salus of 
Emesa 

H.C. 6th cent. (July i). Blow- 
ing bladders to appear as a 
fool, children pointing at him. 
{C allot.) Pretending to cure 
bhnd with vinegar, to pass for 
a fool. {Icon. Sand.) Butler, 
Evagrius, Bollandists, Gk. Men. 

St. Simeon Stylites 

C.H. 459 (Jan. 5). On a pillar 
{Lib. Cronic.) Kneeling on the 
ground and scourging himself. 
{T'bosch.) Butler, Theodoret, 
Tillemont, Evagrius, etc. 

St. Simeon Stylites the 
Younger, of Antioch 

H. 592 (Sept. 3). Entered the 
monastery of Thaumastore as a 
child, and later followed the 
example of St. Simeon Stylites 
the Elder by living sixty-eight 
years on the summit of pillars 
within the monastery. Butler, 
Evagrius, fanning, Rom. Mart. 
(on above date) ; Gk. Men. (on 
May 24). 

St. Simeon 

M. Companion of St. Sapor 
(Nov. 30), q.v 

St. Similian of Brittany 

4th cent. (June 16). Bishop 
of Nantes. 

St. Simon the Apostle 

M. 1st cent. (Oct. 28). A ship. 
{Roodscreen, Ipplepen.) An axe. 
{XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Pierced with a sword. 
{Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles, 
Rome.) A fish in his hand. 
{Screens at Ranworth, Blofield, 
Worstead, N. Walsham and 
Aylsham.) Two fishes. {Swafield, 
Belaugh, Tunstead.) An oar. 
{Southwold, Lessingham; Font, 
Stalham.) A fuller's bat. 
{Ringland, Cawston.) A saw. 
{Satterley, Primer 1516.) Sawed 
through longitudinally. {Callot.) 
A fish on the leaves of a closed 
book held with the edges of 
leaves upwards. {Roodscreen, 
Trunch.) An old man, bald, 
with rounded beard. {Baring- 
Gould.) Holding his text from 
the Creed: "Remissionem pecca- 
torum." {Fairford.) AllMartyr- 
ologies. 

St. Simon of Trent 

Ch.M. 1472 (May 24). Child 
with cross at his side. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Child with pabn and 
long bodkin. {A. Caracci.) A 
child crucified, a man cuttmg 
his breast. {Old engraving.) 
Strangled, and pierced with a 
bodkin. {Passionael.) Butler, 
Martenue, Rom. Mart. 



St. Simon Stock of 
Bordeaux 

P.C. c. 1265 (May 16). Stock 
of a tree near him. {Engraving.) 
Scapular in hand. {Ikon.) 
Souls freed from purgatory. 
{Cahier.) Butler, Leland, Pape- 
broke, etc. 

St. Simpertus, or 
Sindebert, of Augsburg 

B.C. 809 (Oct. 13). Persons 
praying at his tomb ; wolf 
before it with live child in its 
mouth. {Bavaria Pia.) Woman 
kneeling before him ; wolf with 
a live child in its mouth. {Das 
Pass.) Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Simplician of Milan 

B.C. c. 400 (Aug. 16). Discours- 
ing with St. Augustine. 
{Gueffier.) 

St. Simplicius of Autun 

B. 5th cent. (June 24). Suc- 
cessor to Hegemonius as Bishop 
of Autun, when, according to 
St. Gregory of Tours, he was 
only a layman. Tradition says 
that he proved his fitness for 
the post by miracles. St. 
Gregory of Tours, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Simplicius of Berri 

c. 480 (Mar. i). An Archbishop 
of Bourges. 

St. Simplicius of Rome 

Pope. 483 (Mar. 2). Bom at 
Tivoli, he succeeded St. Hilary 
in 468. His papacy was marked 
by many controversies, notably 
with the Emperor Leo, and 
with Acacius of Constantinople. 
Evagrius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Simplicius of 
Toulouse 

c. 400 (Feb. 3). Bishop of 
Vienne. 

St. Simplicius 

M. Companion of St. Beatrix 
(July 29), q.v. A shield bearing 
three lilies. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Simplicius 

M. Companion of St. Cale- 
podius (May 10), q.v. 

St. Sina 

Dn.M. Companion of St. Milles 
(Nov. 10), q.v. 

St. Sihinus. See 
St. Sennen 

(Oct. 27). 

St. Sindulphus of 
Rheims 

P.C. 7th cent. (Oct. 20). A 
native of Aquitaine who went 
into retreat at Aussonce, near 
Rheims. Relics translated to 
the Abbey of HauteviUiers. 
Butler, Mabillon, Flodoard, Rom. 
Mart. 

119 



St. Sira 

V.M. 588 (June 8). A rope in 
her hand. {Ikon.) Dogs about 
her. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Siran of Berri 

Ab.C. 655 Pec. 4). A native 
of Bern, cup-bearer to Clo- 
thaire II., who took orders and 
became archdeacon at Tours. 
After a pilgrimage to Rome he 
founded two monasteries in 
the diocese of Bourges, one of 
which, now St. Sirans, he 
governed till his death. Butler, 
Mabillon. 

St. Sirenus of Toulouse 

c. 630 (Aug. 2). Bishop of 
Marseilles. 

St. Sisinus 

M. Companionof St. Satuminus 
(Nov. 29), q.v. 

St. Sisinnius, Dn., and 
Companions, of the 
Tyrol 

MM. c. 397 (May 29). 
Three natives of Cappodocia 
who placed themselves under 
St. Ambrose at Milan, who 
dispatched them to Trent, where 
St. Vigilius ordained St. Sisin- 
nius deacon, St. Martyrius lector, 
and St. Alexander ostiarius, 
and sent them on a mission to 
the Tjorol, where they were 
beaten to death and their bodies 
burnt by the mountaineers. 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sisoes, or Sisoy, of 
Egypt 

H. c. 429 (July 4). A celebrated 
hermit of the deserts of the 
Thebaid. As a young man he 
retired to Scete, where he 
occupied himself by basket- 
making. After a life of great 
humility he died at Clysma, 
near the Red Sea. Butler, Tille- 
mont, Bollandists (on above 
date) ; Gk. Men. (on July 6). 

St. Sitha, or Zita, of 
Lucca 

V. 1272 (Apr. 27). Rosary and 
large key. {Roodscreen, N. 
Elmham.) Rosary, bag and 
keys. {Ibid., Barton Turf.) 
Rosary. {Church chest, Denton.) 
Pitcher in hand. {Cahier.) 
Two keys and three loaves. 
{Mells Ch., Somerset.) Keys 
and book. {Roodscreen, Plym- 
tree.) Basket of fruit on her 
arm. {Window, Winchester 
Cath.) Bag with a book. 
{Window, Winchester Coll. 
Library.) Key and bag with 
book. {Roodscreen, Somerleyton.) 
Three keys and book. {XV. 
cent, window, Langport.) Book 
and rosary. {Ibtd., Westhall.) 
Two keys. iyVindow, Norbury, 
Derby.) Praying at a well. 



Saints and their Emblems 



{Blaise.) Bread in her apron 
changed to flowers. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Papebroke, Rom. Marl. 

St. Sixtus of Rome 

Pope. M. 127 (Apr. 6). Crimson 
robe. (XV. cent, window, 
Wiggenhall, Norfolk.) Ado, 
N other, Rom, Mart., etc. 

St. Sixtus II. of Rome 

Pope. M. 258 (Aug. 6). A 
Greek by birth, successor to St. 
Stephen and twenty-fifth Pope 
of Rome. St. Cyprian styles 
him a peaceable and excellent 
prelate. He only occupied the 
Papal Chair one year, being 
murdered in a cemetery during 
the Valerian persecution. 
Butler, Eusebius, St. Cyprian, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sixtus III. 

Pope. 440 (Mar. 28). A native 
of Rome, who succeeded Pope 
Celestin I. in 432 and was the 
predecessor of St. Leo the 
Great. During his occupation 
of the Papal Chair the recon- 
ciliation took place between 
St. Cyril of Alexandria and 
John, Patriarch of Antioch. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sraaragdus 

Companion of St. Cyriacus 
(Aug. 8), q.v. 

SS. Socrates and 
Stephen, of Wales 

MM. c. 364 (Sept. 17). Said 
to have been martyred at 
Monmouth, but particulars of 
their lives and deaths are 
lacking. Bede, Notker, Hrabanus, 
Usuardus, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Sola 

H. 790 (Dec. 3). The Emperor 
Charlemagne presenting him 
with a monstrance. (Passionael.) 

St. Solangia of Bourges 

V.M. c. 881 (May 10). Patron- 
ess of Bourges. Stabbed or 
beheaded before crucifix ; sheep 
and a distaff near her. (Cahier.) 
Gall. Marts. 

St Solemnis of Chartres 

B. c. 509 (Sept. 25). Blessing 
Clovis. (Statuary, Chartres.) 
Casket or rehquary in his hand. 
(Weyen.) Holding a lantern. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Solina of Chartres 

V.M. 3rd cent. (Oct. 17). A 
Christian maiden of Aquitaine 
who fled her home, her parents 
being heathens, and was taken 
and martyred at Chartres. 
Chartres Breviary, Gall. Marts. 

St. Solomon of Brittany 

K.M. 874 (June 25). Wimbles 
in his eyes. (Seal of Solomon 
de Kergouavec.) 

St. Solomon of Hungary 

K.C. 1080 (n.d.) a crown and 
arms near him. (Cahier.) 



St. Solomon. See 
St. Salaun 

(Nov. I). 

St. Solus of Solenhofen 

H. 790 (Dec. 3). An Englishman 
who followed St. Boniface into 
Germany and was ordained 
priest by him. He went into 
retirement in Bavaria, where 
Charlemagne gave him a grant 
of the land around his cell. 
Relics at Solenhofen. Mabillon, 
Ger. Marts. 

St. Sophia of Italy 

V.M. 3rd cent. (Apr. 30). Mar- 
tyred at Firmo, in Italy, where 
her relics are enshrined in the 
cathedral. Butler, Ferrarius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sophia and her 
daughter 

MM (Sept. 18). Their breasts 
cut oft and variously tortured. 
(Icon. Sanct.) 

St. Sophronia 

R. N.D. Birds dropping flowers 
on her corpse. (Ikon.) Writing 
her name on a tree. (Solitudo.) 

St. Sophronius of 
Jerusalem 

Patr. 638 (Mar. 11). Bom at 
Damascus, he was elected to be 
Patriarch of Jerusalem, where 
he was sumamed the Sophist. 
On the Persian invasion of 
Jerusalem by Chosroes, he fled 
to Alexandria, and took shelter 
with St. John the Almsgiver till 
he could return to his see. Butler, 
Bollandus, Gk. Menologies. 

SS. Sosipater and Jason 

BB. ist cent. (June 25). Men- 
tioned as kinsmen by St. Paul 
in his Epistle to the Romans 
(xvi. 21), and also in Acts 
xvii. 4. St. Sosipater is said 
to have become Bishop of 
Iconium and St. Jason of 
Tarsus. Ado, Usuardus, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Sosthenes of Corinth 

C. ist cent. (Nov. 28). A Jew 
of Corinth seized and beaten 
by Gallic in the insurrection 
of the Jews against St. Paul. 
He is said to have been the 
ruler of the synagogue, to have 
been converted and to have 
collaborated with St. Paul in 
the First Epistle to the Corin- 
thians. Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Sosthenes and 
Victor 

MM. 3rd cent. (Sept. 10). 
Burnt alive together. (Cahier.) 

St. Soter 

Pope. c. 177 (Apr. 22). Suc- 
ceeded St. Anicetus in 173. 
He has been styled a martyr, 
but the manner of his death 
or persecution is not stated. 
Butler, Eusebius. 

120 



St. Soter 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Soteris of Rome 

V.M. 4th cent. (Feb. 10). Of 
patrician birth, she declared 
herself a Christian in the 
Diocletian persecution and was 
beaten, tortured and beheaded. 
Butler, Tillemont, Usuardus, 
Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sozon of Pompeio- 
polis 

M. c. 304 (Sept. 7). Shoes with 
spikes through them. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Gk. Men. 

St. SperandeaofCingoli 

V. Abs. 1276 (Sept. 11). Said 
to have been the sister of St. 
Ubaldus. She was bom at 
Gubbio and became Abbess of 
the Benedictine nunnery at 
Cingoli. Venerated at Cingoli. 
BoUandists, Ferrarius. 

St. Speratus, and Com- 
panions, of Carthage, 
the Scillitan Martyrs 

c. zoo (July 17). Six men and 
six women beheaded at Carthage 
under the proconsul Satuminus, 
in the persecution of Severus. 
Relics at Lyons. Ado, Usuardus, 
St. Jerome, Rom. Mart. 

St. Spes 

V.M. Legendary daughter of 
St. Sapienta (Aug. i), q.v. As 
a child, holding a sword. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Spes of Nursia, Italy 

Ab.C. (Mar. 28). Dove issuing 
from Ms mouth at his death. 
(Cahier.) St. Gregory the Great, 
Rom. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Speusippus, and 
Companions, of Langres 

(Jan. 17). Three brothers, 
born at one birth, burnt to 
death at Cappadocia, with their 
grandmother, Leonilla, in the 
reign of Marcus AureUus. Relics 
at Langres in France. Butler, 
Rosweide, Bollandus, Chatelain. 

St. Spiridion of Cyprus 

B.C. 348 (Dec. 14). In a cell, 
holding rosary and book with 
a skuU near him. (XVI. cent, 
window.) Needles for putting 
out his eyes. (Attrib. der Heil.) 
Giving a poor man an eel which 
changes into gold. (Callot.) 
Butler, Rufinus, Socrates, Sozo- 
men, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Stachys of Constan- 
tinople 

B. 1st cent. (Oct. 31). Men- 
tioned in St. Paul's Epistle to 
the Romans. The Roman 
Martyrolo^ calls him Bishop 
of Byzantium, and says he was 
ordained by St. Andrew. Rom. 
Mart., Gk. Men. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Stanislaus of Cracow 

B.M. 1079 (May 7). Martyred 
at the altar. {Callot.) Summon- 
ing a dead man to appear before 
him. (Cahier.) Butter and Rom. 
Mart, (on^above date) ; Greven, 
Molanus, Canisius, Cologne, 
Luheck and, Prague Marts, (on 
May 8). 

St. Stanislaus Kotska 
of Poland 

C. S.J. 1568 (Nov. 13). Two 
angels communicating him. 
( Vienna Gal. , A rtois. ) An angel 
at his side. (Attrib. der Heil) 
Caressing the Infant Saviour. 
{Pomerancia.) Butler (on above 
date) ; Rom. Mart, (on Aug. 15). 

St. Staurocinus of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v 

St. Stephanida 

M. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Tom be- 
tween two palm-trees. {Cahier.) 

St. Stephen the 
Protomartyr 

D. 1st cent. (Dec. 26). Holding 
palm, stones on his head and 
shoulder. {Carpaccio, Brera, 
Milan.) Banner charged with 
lamb and cross, stones on his 
head. (Florence Gal.) Deacon 
holding stones in a napkin. 
(Screen, Ranworth.) Stones in 
his dalmatic. (B. de Bruijn.) 
Ibid., one stone wounding his 
head. (MS. Hours.) Stones in 
his robe. (Arbor Past.) Stones 
in his hand. (Screen, Hemp- 
stead.) Five stones on a book. 
(Screen, Herring fleet.) Two 
stones in one hand, one on his 
head ; palm in the other hand. 
(Tabl. de la Croix.) All Martyr- 
ologies. 

St. Stephen, B., and 
Companions, of Calabria 

MM. ist cent. (July 5). Is said 
to have been ordained Arch- 
bishop by St. Paul and to have 
been put to the sword with 
others of his flock imder the 
governor Hieracos. Venerated 
at Reggio. Metaphrastes, fan- 
ning, Gk. Men. 

St. Stephen Harding of 
Citeaux 

Ab. 1134 (Apr. 17). B.y. Mary 
appearing to him with the 
Infant Saviour. (Colum. milit. 
Eccl.) Butler, Le Nain, Cister- 
cian Annals, Rom. and Gall. 
Marts., etc. 

St. Stephen the 
Younger of Constanti- 
nople 

M. 764 (Nov. 28). Dedicated 
to religion by his parents before 
his birth, he entered the Monas- 
tery of St. Auxentius, near 
Chaldecon, at the age of sixteen, 
and became Abbot at thirty. 

Q 



After many trials his brains 
were dashed out with a club 
and his body torn to pieces by 
the mob in the iconoclastic 
persecution of Constantine 
Copronymus. Gk. Men., Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Stephen of Die, in 
France 

B.C. 1209 (Sept. 7). Devils 
appearing whilst he preaches. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Stephen of Grand- 
mont 

Ab. (Feb. 8). Founder of the 
Order of Grandmont. Son of 
the Viscount of Thiers in 
Auvergne, he lived for forty- 
six years in great austerity as 
a recluse in the neighbourhood 
of Limoges. His many disciples, 
after his death, founded the 
Abbey of Grandmont, where his 
reUcs were enshrined. Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Stephen of Hungary 

K.C. 1038 (Sept. 2). Carrying 
legate's cross. (Revue de I' Art 
Chretien.) Standard with figure 
of B.V. Mary. (Cahier.) Church 
in his hand. (Ibid.) Standard 
with a cross. (Husenbeth.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Stephen of Italy 

Ab. 6th cent. (Feb. 13). An 
abbot of a monastery neeir Rieti, 
renowned for the sanctity emd 
humility of his hfe. He died 
in extreme poverty, all his 
bams and their contents being 
burnt by his enemies. Butler, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Stephen I. of Kome 

Pope. M. 257 (Aug. 2). Stabbed 
in the back before an altar. 
(Der Heyl. Leb.) Sword in his 
breast. (Weyen.) Baptizing 
St. Lucilla, who recovers her 
sight. (Cahier.) Obtaining the 
destmction of the temple of 
Mars by hghtning. (Ibid.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Stephen of Servia 

K.M. 1333 (Nov. 11). Under 
the title of Stephen Milutin II. 
he reigned forty-six years over 
Servia. Amongst other churches 
he founded that of St. Stephen 
the Protomartyr at Banja, in 
which he was buried. Slav. 
MencBas. 

St. Stephen of Sweden 

M. gth cent. (Jime 2). Bishop 
of Norrtelge. 

St. Stephen of Syria 

M. 479 (Apr. 25). Bishop of 
Antioch. 

St. Stephen of Toulouse 

C. c. 512 (Feb. 13). Bishop 
of Lyons. 

121 



St. Stephen 

M. Companion of St. ^Socrates 
(Sept. 17), q.v. 

St. Strato 

M. (Sept. 9). Tom between two 
cedars. (Cahier.) 

St. Stratonicus 

M. Companion of St. Hermylus 
(Jan. 13), q.v. 

St. Stremoine, See 
St. Austremonius 

(Nov. i). 

St. Sturmi of Fulda 

Ab. C. 779 (Oct. 16). Ordering 
trees to be felled for building 
his abbey. (Cahier.) Mabillon, 
Rom., Bene, and Ger. Marts. 

St. Successus of 
Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Sulien of Wales and 
Brittany 

Ab. Late 6th cent. (Nov. 8). 
The Welsh tradition is that he 
settled in Bardsey, founded the 
churches of LlansUin and Wrex- 
ham, and died Abbot of Llan- 
carvan. The Bretons say he 
emigrated to Aleth, now St. 
Malo,'"" and died Abbot of a 
monastery at St. SuHac. St. 
Malo, Breviary (on above date) i 
Leon Breviary (on July 29) ; 
in Wales (on Sept. i). 

St. Sulpicius of Belgium 

(Jan. 27). Bishop of Ghidain. 

St. Sulpicius le Debon- 
naire of Bourges 

Abp. d. 644 (Jan. 17). Of noble 
family in Berri, he became 
Archbishop of Bourges in 624, 
where, during his archbishopric, 
he founded the monastery of 
St. Sulpitius. Butler, Bollandus, 
Mabillon. 

St. Sulpicius the Pious 
of Bourges 

Abp. 591 (Jan. 17). Visiting 
the sick. (Callot.) Butler, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Sulpicius Severus of 
Bourges 

B. c. 430 (Jan. 29). Bom of an 
illustrious and wealthy Roman 
family in Aquitaine, upon the 
death of his wife he entered the 
Church and became a disciple 
of St. Martin of Tours, whose 
life he wrote. His most im- 
portant work was the abridg- 
ment of sacred history from the 
beginning of the world down 
to his own day. Butler, Bol- 
landus, Baronius, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 



St. Summereve. 
St. Maelrubha 

(Aug. 27). 



See 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Sunniva of Norway 

Late loth cent. (July 8). Re- 
garded with her brother (?) 
St. Alban, as protomartyrs of 
Sweden, but her story, which is 
a purely legendary Scandinavian 
version of that of St. Ursula 
and the eleven thousand virgins, 
makes her of Irish birth. ReUcs 
translated from the island of 
Selja to Bergen in 1170. Greven, 
Molanus, Canisius, Ferrarius, 
Norwegian Kalendar, etc. 

St. Sura of Dordrecht 

V.M. c. nth cent. (June 8). 
Holding a cutlass or fish knife. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Suranus of Italy 

Ab. M. 7th cent. (Jan. 24). 
An Abbot in Umbria, noted for 
his gifts to the poor, who was 
martyred by the Lombards. 
Butler, St. Gregory. 

St. Surin. See 
St. Severinus 

(Oct. 23). 

St. Susanna of Eleu- 
theropolis 

V.M. c. 363 (Sept. 20). Daughter 
of a pagan priest, she was in- 
structed and baptized by a 
Christian priest caUed Sylvanus. 
In a popular timiult in the reign 
of Julian she was seized by the 
rabble and her breasts cut ofi. 
Gk. Men. 

St. Susanna of Rome 

V.M. c. 295 (Aug. II). Holding 
sword and palm. (Statue, 
Fiamingo, St. Maria di Loretto.) 
Crown and sword. (Ikon.) 
Crown and sceptres before her. 
(Weyen.) Ado, Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Susanna and Com- 
panions 

MM. (May 24). Bearing palms ; 
a child by each saint also bear- 
ing a palm. (Calloi.) 

St. Susanna 

M. Companion of St. Archelaa 
(Jan. 18), q.v. 

St. Swenfrewi. See 
St. Winifred 

(Nov. 3). 

St. Swibert, or Swide- 
bert, the Elder, of 
Kaiserwoerth 

B. Ap.C. 713 (Mar. i). Apostle 
of the Frisians. Star on his 
breast or in his hand. (Attrih. 
der Heil.) Holding up a star. 
(Munich Gal., B. de Bruijn.) 
Star in the curve of his crosier. 
(Pictures, Dusseldorf.) Preach- 
ing in a pulpit. (Lambrecht.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Fleury, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 



St. Swithin of 
Winchester 

B. 862 (July 15). Cross in his 
right arm. (Husenbeth.) Hold- 
ing scroll with a seal, cloud 
distilling drops in background. 
(Engraving.) Butler, York and 
Sarum Kalendars, Rom. Mart. 

St. Syagrius of Autun 

B. 600 (Aug. 27). A Gaul 
by birth, he became Bishop of 
Autun about 560, where he 
distinguished himself by ability 
and learning. To him St. 
Gregory the Great recom- 
mended the missionaries who 
accompanied St. Augustine to 
England, granting the bishopric 
of Autun precedence of aU 
others in France after that of 
Lyons. Butler, Ado, Usuardus 
(on above date) ; later Marts. 
(on Sept. 2). 

St. Sylvanus of Gaza 

B.M. 311 (May 4). One of 
those victims of persecutions 
in Palestine who were sent to 
labour in the copper mines. 
Being too old to work, he was 
beheaded, with thirty-eight 
others in Uke case, on the same 
day. Usuardus, Gk. Men., 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Sylverius of 
Pandataria. See 
St. Silverius 

(June 20). 

St. Sylvester of 
Burgundy 

526 (Nov. 20). Was Bishop of 
Chalons-sur-Saone. 

St. Sylvester of Rome 

Pope. c. 335 (Dec. 31). Hold- 
ing a sm^ dragon, its mouth 
entwined with three threads, 
a weU at his feet (Jameson.) 
Holding a chained dragon. 
(Revue de I' Art Chretien.) Bap- 
tizing Constantine the Great. 
(C allot.) Ox Ij^ng by his side. 
(Das. Pass.) Tiara, double 
cross and scroll ; female figure 
bearing a label with " Silvester 
. . . see me tua salva pee." 
(Roodscreen, Houghton-le-Dale.) 
Angel appearing Avith cross and 
oUve branch. (Gueffier.) Bede, 
Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Sylvester Gozzolini 
of Ancona 

Ab. 1267 (Nov. 26). Corpse 
in a coffin before him. (Colum. 
mint. Eccl.) Butler, Helyot. 

St. Sylvia 

Pen. c. 409(n.d.) Small earthen 
pan near her. (Cahier.) 

St. Symmachus 

Pope. 514 (July 19). Elected 
successor to Pope Anastasius 
in rivalry to Laurence, both 
pontiffs being consecrated on 

122 



the same day. Theodoric de- 
cided in Symmachus' favour, 
biit later summoned him for 
trial on various charges before 
a council of ItaUan prelates. 
On his way to trial he was stoned 
by the mob, but the charges 
not being proven he was re- 
instated. Anastasius the Librar- 
ian, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Symphorian and 
Companions,^ of 
Antwerp 

MM. N.D. (Feb. 28). Fourteen 
martyrs of Rome whose bodies, 
removed from the catacombs 
of SS. CaUixtus and Irene, were 
translated to the Church of the 
Jesuits at Antwerp, in 1650 - 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Symphorian of 
Autun 

M. 270 (Aug. 22). Bound, about 
to be decapitated. (Statuary, 
Chartres Cath.) Encouraged by 
hismother on his way to mart5n:- 
dom. (C allot.) Companion of 
St. Timothy (Aug. 22), q.v. 
Usuardus, Ado, St. Jerome, 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St Symphorian 

M. Companion of St. Claudius 
(July 7), q.v. 

St. Symphorosaof Tivoli 

M. c. 125 (July 19). Thrown 
in a pit before the tyrant. 
(Der Heyl. Leb.) Thown into 
water, a stone tied to her neck. 
(Blaise.) Her seven sons mar- 
tjred before her. (Cahier.) 
Hung up by her hair. (Ibid.) 
Butler, Ruinart, Ceillier, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Syncletica of Egypt 

v. d. c. 300 (Jan. 5). Bom at 
Alexandria of wealthy Mace- 
donian parents, and heiress to 
their estates, she gave her 
fortune to the poor, cut off her 
hair and consecrated herself 
to religion in the deserts of 
Scet^ under St. Macarius of 
Alexandria. Butler, Rosweide, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Syntyche 

1st cent. (July 22). A member 
of the Church of Philippi, she 
is mentioned by St. Paul as 
one who was his fellow-labourer 
in the Gospel. Rom. Mart. 

St. Syra of Troyes 

V. c. 650 (June 8). Holding a 
broken halter and palm. (En- 
graving.) Butler, Colgan. Vener- 
ated at Troyes. 

St. Syrus of Pavia 

B. c. loi (Sept. 12). Raising 
a widow's son to life. (Cahier.) 



St. Tabbs. 

(Aug. 25). 



See St. Ebba 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Taczko. See 
St. Hyacinth 

(Aug. i6). 

St. Talarican of Scotland 

B.C. 6th cent. (Oct. 30). 
Described in the Aberdeen 
Breviary as an Irishman who 
was made a bishop by Pope 
Gregory. Several churches in 
Aberdeen, Moray and Ross are 
dedicated to him. Dempster, 
King, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Tancha of Troyes 

V.M. N.D. (Oct. 10). The 
daughter of a farmer at St. 
Ouen, near Arcis, found mur- 
dered in a thorn thicket in 
defence of her chastity. Troyes 
Breviary, Gall. Mart. 

St. Tanco of Verdun 

B.M. c. 813 (Feb. 16). Abbot 
of Amabaric in Scotland, he 
emigrated to Germany, and 
later became Bishop of Verdim. 
He was murdered by being 
stabbed with a lance. Butler, 
Lesley, Wyon. 

St. Tanglan. See 
St. Englat 

(Nov. ^. 

St. Tanguidus 

Ab. c. 590 (n.d.) His head 
surrotmded by fire. (Cahier.) 

St. Tarachus, and Com- 
panions, of Anazarbus 

MM. 304 (Oct. 11). A Roman 
who had served in the army, 
tortured by Maximus, Governor 
of Cihcia, and thrown to wild 
beasts in the arena with two 
companions. Butler, Ruinart, 
Tillemont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Tarahata. See 
St. Athracta 

(Feb. 9). 

St. Tarasius of Con- 
stantinople 

Patr. C. 806 (Feb. 25). Pictures 
of saints about him. [Ikon.) 
Emperor at his death-bed. [Old 
engraving.) Serving the poor 
at table. [Cahier.) 

St. Tarkan. See 
St. Talarican 

(Oct. 30). 

St. Tarsilla of Rome 

V. 6th cent. pec. 24). Our 
Lord calling her to heaven. 
{Gueffier.) Vision of Our Lord 
ajid Saints appearing to her. 
[Callot.) Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Tatta. See St. Tanco 

(Feb. 16). 

St. Tatian 

D.M. Companion of St. Hilary 
(Mar. 16), q.v. 

St. Tatian 

M. Companion of St. Mace- 
donius (Sept. 12), q.v. 



St. Tatiana 

V.M. (Jan. 12). Exposed to 
wild beasts. [Callot.) 

St. Tatwin of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 734 (July 30). A Bene- 
dictine monk of Brenton, in 
Mercia, and successor to St. 
Britwdd as Archbishop of 
Canterbury. Under him was 
confirmed the precedence of 
Canterbury over York. Fer- 
rarius, Bede, Bollandists. 

St. Taurinus of Evreux 

B. 5th cent. (Aug. 11). Driving 
wild beasts from the gates of 
Evreux. [Reliquary, Church 
of St. Taurin, Evreux.) 

St. Taurinus of Ostia 

(Sept. 5). A gaoler and com- 
panion of St. Censurinus, q.v. 

St. Tearnech. See 
St. Devinic 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Tecla or Teathor 

Companion of St. la (Oct. 27), 
q.v. 

St. Teilo of Llandaff 

B. c. 580 (Feb. 9). Holding a 
bell on short chain. [Engraving.) 
Butler, Harfsfield, Bollandus, 
Caf grave, Wytford, Eng. Mart. 

St. Telemachus of 
Rome 

H.M. 404 (Jan. i). A sohtary 
who journeyed to Rome to 
preach against the gladiatorial 
combats and, entering the arena, 
was struck down and torn to 
pieces. Butler, Bede, Theodoret, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Telesphorus of 
Rome 

Pope. M. c. 139 (Jan. 5). A 
club. [Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Telmo. See 
St. Peter Gonzales 

(Apr. 15). 

St. Terecius 

M. Companion of St. Dionysia 
(Dec. 6), q.v. 

St. Terentius of Alsace 

c. 440 (Oct. 29). Bishop of 
Metz. 

SS. Terentius and 
Africanus, of Africa 

MM. 247 (Apr. 10). Curing 
a blind man. [Cahier.) St. 
Terentius with a church in Ms 
hand. [Ibid.) 

St. Teresa of Spain 

V. 1582 (Oct. 15). Flaming 
arrow piercing her heart. [En- 
graving.) In biretta, as a Doctor 
of the Church ; holding pen 
and book, a dove at her ear. 

123 



[Baring-Gould.) Holding pen 
and book ; an angel by her 
with arrow and heart. [Statue, 
Vatican, F. Valle.) PaJm ; Our 
Lord crowning her. [Fil. Lipfi.) 
Kneehng with arms extended, 
a dove over her head. [LeBrun.) 
Crucifix and hly ; holding a 
heart with I H S. [Bramantino.) 
Crucifix with diamonds on the 
sacred woimds. [Ikon.) Plead- 
ing for souls in purgatory. 
[Rubens, Antwerp.) Crowned 
with thorns ; instruments of 
the Passion. [Spanish Gal., 
Louvre.) Pen in right hand, 
book and flaming arrow in left. 
[Engraving.) Inflamed heart 
in her hand. [Attrib. der Heil.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Tertius 

Companion of St. Olympas 
(Nov. 10), q.v. 

St. TertuUa 

V.M. Companion of St. Antonia 
(Apr. 29), q.v. 

St. Tescelin 

C. Early 12th cent. (n.d.). 
Standing by his son, St. Bernard 
(Aug. 20). [Window, Cossey 
Hall.) 

St, Tetricus of 
Langres 

B. 572 (Mar. 18). Son of St. 
Gregory of Langres (Jan. 4) 
and great-imcle of St. Gregory 
of Tours. He succeeded his 
father, by popular election, as 
Bishop of Tours. St. Gregory of 
Tours, Gall. Mart. 

St. Teuteria 

V. 7th cent, (n.d.) Concealed 
by a cobweb. [Bagatta admis- 
sanda Orbis.) 

St. Thaddeus, Disciple. 

See St. Jude 

(Oct. 28). 

St. Thais of Egypt 

Pen. 348 (Oct. 8). In a cell. 
[Solitudo.) Burning her jewels 
and ornaments [Passionael.) 
Butler, Rowseide, D'Andilly, 
Bulteau. 

SS. Thalassius and 
Limnseus, of Syria 

HH. 5th cent. (Feb. 22). St. 
Thalassius, a hermit in the 
diocese of Cyrus in Syria, had 
for pupil the youth Limnseus, 
who afterwards became a 
disciple of the hermit Maro and 
was distinguishedbyhischarities 
to the blind. Butler, Theodoret. 

St. Thalelseus of Syria 

H. c. 460 (Feb. 27). A hermit 
who built a small hut, and later 
a barrel, in which he lived beside 
a heathen shrine, seeking to 
convert pagan worshippers by 
his asceticism. Theodoret, Gk. 
Mencea. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Ct. Thallelseus, and 
Sompanions, of Cilicia 

MM. 284 (May 20). A physician 
of Anazarbus who, fljang from 
the persecution of Numerian, 
took refuge in an olive planta- 
tion, but was taken, tortured 
and cast into the sea at Aegae. 
On reaching the shore, he was 
beheaded, with two of his execu- 
tioners, who had shown com- 
passion on him in his sufferings. 
Baronius, Gk. Mencea, Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Tharsicus of Rome 

M. 255 (Aug. 15). An acolyte 
who, bearing the sacrament 
to Christian prisoners in the 
Valerian persecution, was set 
on by the mob and beaten to 
death. He was buried in the 
cemetery of St. Calixtus, his 
sepulchre being adorned and 
inscribed by Pope St. Damasus 
(Dec. 11). Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Thea, and Com- 
panions, of Caesarea 

W. MM. 308 (July 25). A 
woman of Gaza brought to trial 
at Caesarea before the Governor 
Firmilian. An onlooker, St. 
Valentina, seeing her scourged 
and racked, cried out against 
the judge, and they were burnt 
together. A companion, St. 
Paul, was beheaded whUst 
praying for his executioners. 
Eusebius and Rom. Mart, (on 
above date) ; Gk. Men. (on July 
15 and 17). 

St. Thea 

M. Companion of St. Meuris 
(Dec. 19), q.v. 

St. Thean, or Theaulon, 
of Belgium 

Ab. c. 702 (Jan. 7). Working 
goldsmith, a book before him. 
(Cahier.) Chalice in one hand, 
abbatial staff in the other. 
(Baring-Gould.) Crosier and 
chalice. {Acta Sanct.) 
Butler, Bollandus, Bulteau, 
Cologne, Ger. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Thecla of Germany 

V. Abs. 8th cent. (Oct. 15). 
A nun of Wimbome Abbey who 
accompanied St. Lioba (Sept. 28) 
to Germany when summoned 
thither by St. Boniface (June 5) , 
by whom she was made Abbess 
of Kitzingen on Maine on the 
death of St. Adeloga (Feb. 2). 
Wyon, Wilson, Rom. and Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Thecla of Seleucia 

V.M. 1st cent. (Sept. 23). 
(Protomartyr of her sex.) Wear- 
ing a violet robe and holding 
a palm. [Lorenzo Costa, Bologna 
Gal.) Burnt to death. {C allot.) 
Fire extinguished by rain, a 
lion near her. (Gueffler.) 
Dragged by bulls opposite ways. 



[Old engraving.ySeTpents twined 
round her arms. (Weyen.) 
Globe of fire in her hand or 
near her. (Cakier.) Lion at her 
side ; cross in her hand. (Ibid.) 
Unhurt amidst wild beasts. 
(I kon.) Butler, Tillemont, 
Stilting; Sarum, York and 
Hereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Thecla, V., and 
Justina, C, of Sicily 

3rd cent. (Jan. 10). St. Thecla, 
a native of Lentini, was 
arrested by the governor 
Tertullus for burying the bodies 
of martyrs and visiting them 
in prison. His sudden death 
set her at Uberty, and with her 
friend, St. Justina, she was 
enabled to resume her works of 
mercy, among them being the 
concealment of Agatho, Bishop 
of Lipari, on one of her farms. 
Venerated at Lentini. Baring- 
Gould. 

St. Thecla 

M. Companion of St. Archelaa 
(Jan. 18), q.v. 

St. Thecla 

M. Companion of St. Timothy 
(Aug. 19), q.v. 

St. Theliau. See 
St. Teilo 

(Feb. 9). 

St. Themistocles of 
Lycia 

M. (Dec. 21). Iron caltrops near 
him. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Thenew, or 
Theneukes, of Scotland 

Matr. 574 (July 18). Daughter 
of a chieftain living near Edin- 
burgh, and mother of St. 
Kentigem. She is titular saint 
of St. Enoch's — formerly St. 
Theneuke's — Churchat Glasgow 
A berdeen Breviary. 

St. Theobald 

B.C. N.D. In episcopall vest- 
ments. (Pulpit, Hempstead.) 

St. Theobald of Sens 

C. d. 1066 (July I). Shoe- 
maker's tools, (ikon.) Two 
swans near him. (Baring- 
Gould.) Butler, Ger. and Gall. 
Maris. 

Bl. Theobald of Yaux 
de Cernay 

Ab. 1247 (July 8). Son of 
Bouchard de Montmorenci, he 
was bom at the castle of Marli 
and trained to arms. He took 
the Cistercian habit at Vaux 
in 1220, and became Abbot of 
that community in 1234. Butler, 
Le Nain, Bollandists (on Dec. 8). 

St. Theodard of hihge 

B.M. c. 668 (Sept. 10). A sword 
in his skull. (Cahier.) Venerated 
at Liege and Maestricht. Mod. 
Rom. Mart. 

124 



St. Theodard of 
Narbonne 

Abp. c. 893 (May i). Is said 
to have been a just and good 
prelate. His seat was con- 
tested, but St. Theodard received 
the papal sanction and his 
adversary was excommunicated. 
Henschenius, Gall. Marts. 

St. Theodehilda of Sens 

V. 6th cent. (June 28). Daugh- 
ter of Clovis, King of the 
Franks, from whom she received 
a grant of land at Sens, where 
she founded the convent of 
St. Pierre-le-Vif, in which she 
died. Bollandists, Gall. Mart. 

St. Theodora of 
Alexandria 

Pen. 460 (Sept. 11). DevU 
taking her hands. (Cahier.) In 
the habit of a monk ; woman 
with child in cradle accusing her 
of being its father. (Passionael.) 
In the habit of a monk. (A ttrib. 
der Heil.) Gk., Russian, Coptic 
and Mod. Rom. Marts. 

St. Theodora of Con- 
stantinople 

Emps. c. 867 (Feb. 11). Hold- 
ing a ring. {Weyen.) Butler, 
Bollandus. 

St. Theodora of Bome 

V.M. 117 (Apr. i). Sister of 
Hermes, Prefect of Rome under 
Hadrian, she accompanied her 
brother to trial and encouraged 
him during his tortures. 
Brought before AureUan, she 
was beaten and executed. Ado, 
Usuardus, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Theodora, Y., and 
Didymus, of Alexandria 

MM. 303 (Apr. 28). St. Theo- 
dora with a veil over her face. 
(Cahier.) Ado, Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Theodore Tyro of 
Amasea 

M. 306 (Nov. 9). Boimd to a 
post, his sides torn with hooks. 
{Window, Chartres.) Our B. 
Saviour appearing to him in 
prison. (Callot.) Firing the 
temple of Cybele with a torch. 
(Window, Chartres Cath.) Cross 
in hand. (Cahier.) Crucified. 
(Ibid.) Crowned with thorns. 
(Ikon.) A funeral pUe. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) On a white horse. 
(Cahier.) Soldiers with a torch 
or by a furnace. (Baring-Gould). 
Butler, Papebroke, Usuardus, 
Ado, Bede; Sarum, York and 
Hereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Theodore of Canter- 
bury 

Abp. 690 (Sept. 19). Adrian, 
Abbot of a monastery near 
Naples, being proposed by Pope 
Vitalian as Archbishop of 



Canterbury as successor to 
Wighard, declined the honour 
and suggested St. Theodore, a 
Greek of Tarsus, then living 
at Rome. Under his rule Canter- 
bury obtained precedence over 
York. He was the last foreign 
missionary to occupy the 
metropolitan see. Bede, Wytford, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodore of Emilia 

4th cent. (May 19). A Bishop 
of Lucca. 

St. Theodore of 
Heraclea 

M. 319 (Feb. 7). Roman general 
with sword and dragon. {Die 
Heil.) Butler, Jos. Assemani, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodore of Lybia 

B.M. c. 310 (July 4). Bishop of 
Cyrene, he was tortured and 
put to death for striking an 
idol with his shoe when com- 
manded to offer incense before 
rt. Gk. Mencea, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodore of 
Siceon 

B.C. 613 (Apr. 22). Ordained 
priest by the Bishop of Anas- 
tasiopolis, he founded a monas- 
tery near an ancient chapel of 
St. George. Elected, against 
his will, as Bishop of Anastasio- 
polis, he held the see ten years 
before his resignation was 
accepted and he was enabled 
to return to Siceon. Butler, 
Henschenius. 

St. Theodore of the 
Studium at Constanti- 
nople 

Ab.C. 826 (Nov. 11). Entered 
the monastic life under his 
uncle, Plato of Constantinople. 
He was beaten and banished 
by the Emperor Constantine 
Porphyrogenitus for opposing 
his illegal marriage to Plato's 
kinswoman, Theodota. Recalled 
by the Empress Irene, he became 
head of ttie monastery of the 
Studitmi. Butler (on Nov. 22) ; 
Gk. and Russ. Menceas (on above 
date) ; Mod. Rom. Mart, (on 
Nov. 12). 

St. Theodore 

B.C. 613 (Sept. 19). On horse- 
back ; a crocodile under his 
feet. (Columns, Piazetta, 
Venice.) As the last, but spear- 
ing a dragon with three heads. 
{Coins of Monserrat.) Trampling 
on the devO. {Callot.) 

St. Theodore 

M. Companion of St. Maurice 
(Feb. 21), q.v. 

SS. Theodore, Julian 
and Companions 

MM., (Sept. 4). Burnt to death 
in a furnace. {Husenbeth.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Theodore, C, and 
Theophanes, B.C., of 
Constantinople 

9th cent. (Dec. 27). Two 
brothers of Jerusalem, exiled 
by Leo the Armenian to an 
island in the Euxine. Return- 
ing to Constantinople on the 
death of Leo, they were im- 
prisoned, and again exiled by 
Michael Balbulus. By his son 
Theophilus they were scourged, 
and again banished. Two years 
later, recalled to Constantinople, 
they were pubUcly scourged, and 
iambic verses were cut on their 
foreheads till St. Theodore died 
of his sufferings. From the 
manner of his death he is sur- 
named " Grapt " or " The In- 
scribed." St. Theophanes, sur- 
viving him, was later elected 
Bishop of Nice. Butler, Baronius, 
Fleury, Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodoret of 
Antioch 

P.M. 362 (Oct. 23). Tortured 
to the point of death and then 
beheaded by the governor 
Julian, uncle to the Emperor 
of that name. Butler, Sozomen, 
Mabillon, Theodoret, Baillet, 
Ruinart, etc. 

St. Theodoric of Rheims 

P.H. 533 (Jtily I). Eagle 
showing him where to build a 
monastery. {Cahier.) Flodoard, 
Usuardus,Maurolycus, Mabillon, 
BoUandists, Gall, and Mod. Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Theodoric II. of 
Orleans 

B. 1022 (Jan. 27). Bom at 
Chateau Thierry, he was at- 
tached to the Court of Robert 
the Good, later being elected 
successor to Amulf, Bishop of 
Orleans. He died, on a journey, 
at Tonnerre, where his kinsman. 
Count MUo, built the Church 
of St. Michaelj^over his body. 
Bollandus. 

St. Theodorus. JSee 
St. Theodore 

(Dec. 27). 

St. Theodosia of 
Caesarea 

V.M. 308 (Apr. 2). A book. 
{Antechap., Mag. Coll., Oxon.) 
A stone in her hand. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Ado, Eusebius, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodosia of Con- 
stantinople 

V.M. 726 (May 29). A nun 
among the crowd of women 
implicated in an image-breaking 
riot in the time of the Emperor 
Leo the Isaurian {see St. Gregory, 
Aug. 9). With others, she was 
driven by the soldiery into the 
shambles, where she was struck 

125 



with a ram's horn in the throat, 
and died of the wound. Gk. 
Mencea. 

St. Theodosius of 
Antioch 

H. c. 412 (Jan. 11). His hair 
grown down to the ground. 
{Cahier.) A coffin before him. 
{Ibid.) Hour-glass in his hand. 
{Ibid.) 

St. Theodosius the 
Coenobiarch of 
Jerusalem 

H. d. 529 (Jan. 11). Giving a 
cord to a kneeling man. {Callot.) 
Multipljdng wheat for monas- 
tery. {Cahier.) Bags of money 
by him. {Ibid.) Iron rings on 
his neck and arms. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Receiving a traveller 
in his hermitage. {Gueffler.) 
Butler, Surius, Bollandus, Gk. 
Men., Rom. Mart., etc. 

St. Theodata and her 
three sons, of Mcoea 

MM. 318 (Aug. 2). Heated 
oven. {Chris. Kunst.) In a 
cauldron of boiling oil. {Cahier. ) 

St. Theodata of Thrace 

Pen. M. d. 642 (Sept. 29). 
Scourged, racked and stoned 
to death by Agrippa, Prefect 
of Philippopolis, in Thrace, for 
refusing to sacrifice to Apollo. 
Butler, Stephen Assemani. 

St. Theodotus of 
Laodicea 

B. 334 (Nov. 2). Successor to 
Stephen, a Bishop of Laodicea, 
who abjured the Faith in the 
persecution of Diocletian, he 
fell later into the Arian heresy, 
and was concerned in the hbel- 
lous attack upon Eustathius 
of Antioch. Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

SS. Theodotus and 
Fronto, of Ancyra 

MM. c. 304 (May 18). St Theo- 
dotus with torch and sword. 
{Ikon.) Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodotus 

M. Companion of St. Maximus 
(Sept. 15), q.v. 

St. Theodula 

M. 3rd cent, (n.d.) Hanging 
by her hair to a cjrpress to which 
her feet are nailed. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) 

St. Theodulus the 
Stylite 

H. c. 410 (May 28). Seated on 
the top of a pillar. {Weyen.) 
Baring-Gould, Gk. Men. 

St. Theodulus of Sinai 

M. c. 400 (Jan. 14). Devil with 
beU at his feet. {A ttrib. der Heil. ) 
As the last, the saint with 
sword and crosier. {Coins of 
bishopric of Sion.) Rom. and 
Ger. Marts. 



Saints and their Emblems 



SS. Theodulus and 
Julian, of Caesarea 

MM. 308 (Feb. 17). Burnt at a 
stake. {Gueffier.) Nailed to a 
cross. [Cahier.) St. Theodulus 
with a ring in his hand. {lUd.) 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Theodulus 

M. Companion of St. Agathopus 
(Apr. 4), q.v. 

St. Theodulus 

M. Companion of St. Leontius 
(June 18), q.v. 

St. Theodulus 

M. Companion of St. Mace- 
donius (Sept. 12), q.v. 

St. Theognis and Com- 
panions 

MM. d. c. 320 (Jan. 3). Son 
of the Bishop of Cyzicus. In 
the persecution of Licinius he 
was scourged and cast into the 
sea at Cyzicus with SS. Primus 
and Cyrinus. St. Jerome, Bede, 
Usuardus, Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Theonas of 
Alexandria 

Abp. C. 300 (Aug. 23). Suc- 
cessor to St. Maximus as 
Patriarch of Alexandria, in 
which city a church was dedi- 
cated to him by St. Alexander. 
Butler, St. Jerome, Eusebius, 
Ceillier, etc. 

St. Theonas 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Theonas 

M. Companion of St. Paul 
(Jan. 18), q.v. 

St. Theonestus of 
Macedonia 

B.M. c. 485 (Oct. 30). Bishop 
of PhiUppi, he was exiled by 
the Vandal King Huneric and 
came to Rome, where he was 
sent on a mission to Germany 
with St. Alban of Mainz 
(Jime 21) and others. On his 
return to Italy, with one com- 
panion, they were arrested and 
put to death. Venerated at 
Mainz and Altino. Mainz 
Breviary, Rom. Mart. 

St. Theonilla 

M. 3rd cent. (Aug. 23). Hung 
up by her hair and scourged. 
[Cahier). 

St. Theophanes of Con- 
stantinople 

Ab. C. 818 (Mar. 13). Left 
an orphan with large estates, 
under the guardianship of the 
Emperor Constantine Coprony- 
mus, on his marriage he founded 
two monasteries, one of which 
he governed himself. Under 
Leo the Armenian he was re- 
moved, scourged, and banished 
to Samothrace, where he died. 
Butler. 



St. Theophanes of Mt. 
Diabenum 

H. c. 300 (Sept. 9). A hermit 
upon Mount Diabenum who 
was scourged in four separate 
persecutions, but each time was 
allowed to return to his cave, 
which he occupied seventy- 
five years before his death. 
Gk. Menem and Menology. 

SS. Theophanes, H., 
and Pansemne, Pen., of 
Antioeh 

N.D. (June 10). A hermit near 
Antioeh and a woman re- 
claimed by him from a life of 
ill-fame, who joined him in his 
life as a recluse and was buried 
in the same grave. Gk. Mencsa. 

SS. Theophanes 

B.C. Companion of St. Theo- 
dore (Dec. 27), q.v. 

St. Theophilus of 
Antioeh 

B.C. c. 190 (Dec. 6 and Oct. 13). 
A pagan convert who succeeded 
Eros as Bishop of Antioeh in 
the reign of Marcus AureUus. 
He became celebrated as a 
writer on doctrine, and of his 
works three books addressed to 
his friend A5rtolycus have sur- 
vived. Butler, Eusebius, Tille- 
tnont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Theophilus the 
Penitent of Cilicia 

C. c. 538 (Feb. 4). Bound with 
a white cord kneeUng before 
the B. V. Mary, devU at his side. 
(Window, Grand Andely.) Devil 
forced by B.V. Mary to ^ve 
up a compact made with him. 
[Cahier.) 

St. Theophilus the 
Younger of Cyprus 

M. 790 (July 22). A senator of 
Constantinople sent by the 
Emperor Constantine against 
an Arab fleet attacking Cyprus. 
Taken prisoner, he was im- 
prisoned and exhorted to abjure 
the faith, and on his persistent 
refusal was beheaded. Rom. 
Mart, (on above date) ; Gk. 
Menaea (on Jan. 30). 

St. Theophilus of 
Palestine 

c. 200 (Mar. 5). Bishop of 
Caesarea. 

St. Theophilus 

M. (Feb. 6). Companion of St. 
Dorothy of Cappadocia, q.v., 
by whom he was converted. 

St. Theophorus. See 
St. Ignatius 

(Feb. i). 

St. Theopista 

M. Wife and companion of St. 
Eustachius (Sept. 20), q.v. 

126 



St. Theopistus 

M. Son and companion of St. 
Eustachius (Sept. 20), q.v. 

St. Theoprepius 

M. Son of S^. Philetus and 
Lydia (Mar. 27), q.v. 

St. Theoritgitha of 
Barking 

V. 7th cent. (Jan. 26). A nun 
of Barking under St. Ethel- 
burga (Oct. 11), praised by the 
Venerable Bede for her humiUty. 
Bede, Ang. Mart. 

St. Theotimus the 
Philosopher 

B. Early 5th cent. (Apr. 20). 
Educated in the philosophical 
schools of Greece, he renounced 
heathenism and became Bishop 
of Tomi, in Scythia. He became 
celebrated for his defence of 
Origen at the sjmod held for the 
condemnation of his works at 
Constantinople towards the 
close of the fourth century. 
Sozomen, Socrates, Rom. Mart. 

St. Theotontius, or 
Theotinus, of Coimbra 

C. 1166 (Feb. 18). A cross in 
his hand. [Cahier.) Forbidding 
the Queen of Portugal to enter 
monastery. [Ibid.) 

St. Theotychus 

M. Companion of St. Philemon 
(Mar. 8), q.v. 

St. Theuderius. See 
St. Chef 

(Oct. 29). 

St. Thibault. See 
St. Theobald 

(July I). 
St. Thiemon 

B.M. iioi (n.d.) His bowels 
torn out. [Cahier.) 

St. Thierry. See 
St. Theodoric II. 

(Jan. 27). 

St. Thillo. See 
St. Thean 

(Jan. 7). 

St. Thivisiau. See 
St. Turiaf 

(July 13). 

St. Thomas the Apostle 

M. ist cent. pec. 21). Holding 
a spear or lance. [XV. cent, 
window, Ludlow, and many 
other instances. ) Spear and book. 
[XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Pierced with a spear. 
[Ch. of SS. Nereo and Achilles, 
Rome.) Receiving a girdle from 
the B.V. Mary. [Raphael, Vati- 
can; Fra Bartolomeo ; Molanus; 
Granacci, Florence Gal.) A 
carpenter's square. [Raphael; 
Israel van Kecken, MS. Hours.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Touching our B. Saviour's 
wounds. (i?M6e»s, Antwerp ; 
Fresco, St. Albans.) Bearing 
an arrow. (Husenbeth.) Scroll 
with his text from the creed : 
Descendit ad inferna, tertia 
die resurrexit a mortuis. {Fair- 
ford.) All Martyrologies. 

St. Thomas Aquinas 

Dr.C. 1274 (Mar. 7). Star on 
his breast. {B. Angelico, Pitti 
Gal.) As the last ; rays issuing 
from a book in ms hand. 
(Benozzo Gozzoli, Louvre.) Cruci- 
fix speaking to him. {F. Vanni, 
Pisa.) Sun on his breast. {Giov. 
Ang. da Fiesole, Vatican ) Dove 
at his ear. {Arbor Past.) Dove 
on his shoulder. {Lib. Cronic.) 
ChaUce and Host. {Molanus.) 
With two wings. {Cahier.) 
Holding a monstrance jointly 
with St. Norbert. {Convent 
of St. Leonards-on-Sea.) Girded 
by angels when asleep. {Cahier. ) 
Pen and book. {Butler's Lives.) 
A Life by Bartholomew of Lucca, 
Butler, Bollandists, Rom. Mart., 
etc. 

St. Thomas a Becket 
of Canterbury 

Abp. M. 1170 (Dec. 29). Upper 
part of his head cut off and held 
in his hands. {Statuary. Wells 
Cath.) Crosier with battle-axe 
head. {Roodscreen, Sfarham.) 
Archiepiscopal cross with 
pallium. {Screen, Attleborough.) 
Washing a leper's feet. {Burg- 
maier.) Sword in his head, or 
mitre. , {Ikon.) Sword across 
the back of his head. {Arbor 
Past.) Sword inverted ; archi- 
episcopal cross. {Mural paint- 
ing, Stake-Charity Church, 
Winchester.) Martyred at the 
altar. {Christchurch Cath., 
Oxford.) Receiving a red 
chasuble from the B.V. Mary. 
{Cahier.) Sarum, York and 
Hereford Breviaries, Rom. Mart^ 

St. Thomas Cantelupe 
of Hereford 

B.C. 1282 (Oct. 2). A son of 
William, Baron Cantelupe, bom 
at Hambledon in 1218, he 
studied first under his uncle, 
Walter, Bishop of Worcester, 
and later in Paris and Orleans. 
On his return to England he 
was elected Chancellor of 
Oxford University, and later 
Chancellor of England under 
Henry III. He was also Canon 
and Precentor of York, Arch- 
deacon of Stafford, Canon of 
Lichfield, London and Hereford, 
besides holding eight parish 
livings. In 1275 he succeeded 
John Le Breton as Bishop of 
Hereford. Becoming involved 
in litigation, he was excommuni- 
cated by Archbishop Peckham 
of Canterbury, and, crossing 
over to Rome to lay his case 
before Pope Martin IV., was 



there seized with illness, and 
died. His bones were brought 
to England and enshrined in 
Hereford Cathedral Butler, 
Capgrave, Harpsfield : Sarum 
and York Breviaries, Rom Mart. 

St. Thomas Lauder of 
Scotland 

1476 (Nov. 4). A Bishop of 
Dunkeld. 

St. Thomas of Yillanova 

Abp. C. 1555 (Sept. 18). Bishop 
with a wallet in his hand, and 
beggars about him. {Murillo.) 
As a boy, dividing his clothes 
with four poor boys. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Pinius, Rom. Mart. 

Bl. Thomas Canti- 
pratanus 

B.C. O.P. 13th cent. (n.d.). 
Adoring our B. Saviour appear- 
ing in the ciborium. {Lib. 
Sand. Belgii, Woodchester.) 

Bl. Thomas of Cori 

C. 1729 (n.d.). Christ appearing 
to him and caressing him at 
Mass. {Cahier.) 

Bl. Thomas of Lancaster 

M. 1321 (Mar. 22). A cousin- 
germain to Edward II., it was 
at his order that Gaveston was 
executed at Coventry. Later, 
falling into the hands of 
the King, he was beheaded at 
Pontefract. Greven, Canisius, 
Ferrarius. 

St. Thomassus 

C. 1337 (n.d.) CarmeUte carry- 
ing water turned into wine. 
(Cahier.) 

StThorlac of Iceland 

B. 1193 (Dec. 23). Son of 
Thorhallr and Halla, he was 
educated by Eyjolf the priest 
at Odda, ordained deacon by 
Bishop Magnus, and priest by 
Bishop Bjom at Holar, after 
which he went to study at 
Paris and Lincoln. Retmmng 
to Iceland he fovmded a monas- 
tery at Thykkubae, and in 1178 
was consecrated Bishop of Skal- 
holt by Archbishop Eysteinn 
of Nidaros, which see he held 
for fifteen years before his death. 
Danish Mart. Venerated in 
Iceland (on June 29). 

St. Thraseas of Asia 
Minor 

M. c. 171 (Oct. 5). A Bishop 
of Sm5niia. 

St. Thrasilla. See 
St. Tarsilla 

(Dec. 24). 

St. Thurian 

B.C. 749 (n.d.) Boy keeping 
sheep. {Cahier.) Dove on his 
shoiJder. {Ibid.) 

St. Thutael 

M. (n.d.j Sawed in pieces on 
across, (ikon.) 

127 



St. Thyrsus and Com- 
panions, of Phrygia 

MM. 250 (Jan. 28). Three 
Christians, tortured to death 
by Combritius, Governor of 
Bithynia, in the Decian persecu- 
tion. Butler, Sozomen, Rom. 
Mart (on above date) ; Gk. Men. 
(on Dec. 14). 

St. Thyrsus 

D.M. Companion of St. Ando- 
chius (Sept. 24), q.v. 

St. Thyrsus 

M. Companion of St. Boniface 
(Oct. 4), q.v. 

St. Tibba 

V. (Mar. 6). Kinswoman and 
companion of St. Kyneburgha, 
q.v. She was venerated in 
Rutlandshire as a recluse. 
Butler, Camden. 

St. Tibuldus 

C. 1 150 (n.d.) Sweeping a 
church. {Cahier.) 

St. Tiburtius of Rome 

M. 286 (Aug. 11). Walking on 
red-hot coals. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Tiburtius 

M. Companion of St. Valerian 
(Apr. 14), q.v. 

St. Tigernach of Ireland 

B. 6th cent. (Apr. 5). Kneehng 
at entrance of a cave. {Engrav- 
ing.) Butler, Usher, Henschenius, 
Aberdeen Breviary. 

SS. Tigris, or Tigrius, 
P., and Eutropius, Le., 
of Constantinople 

MM. c. 404 (Jan. 12). A priest 
and eunuch mart37red in the 
revolt against Arsacius for 
usurping the patriarchate of 
Constantinople, held by St. 
John Chrysostom. St. Tigris 
was racked and scourged, and 
St. Eutropius, after grievous 
tortures,died in prison. Sozomen, 
Socrates, Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Tilberht. See 
St. Gilbert 

(Apr. I.) 

St. Tilloine or Tilman. 
See St. Thean 

(Jan. 7). 

St. Timolaus and Com- 
panions, of Caesarea 

MM. 303 (Mar. 24). Eight 
young men Christians who pre- 
sented themselves with bound 
hands before Urbanus, Governor 
of Caesarea, during the Dio- 
cletian persecution, declaring 
themselves Christians, and were 
all beheaded together. Eusebius, 
Rom. Mart., Gk. Men. 

St. Timon of Corinth 

D.M. ist cent. (Apr. 19). Burnt 
to death. {Callot.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Timothy of Ephesus 

B.M. 97 (Jan. 24). A club. 
{Window, Neuwiller.) A club 
and a stone. (Atirib. der Heil.\ 
Stoned to death. {Lambrecht.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Rom. Mart. 

St. Timothy, B., and 
Companions, of Gaza 

MM. (Aug. 19). Martyred mider 
Urbanus, Governor of Palestine, 
St. Timothy was burned to 
death over a slow fire, and SS. 
Thecla and Agapius thrown 
to wild beasts. The latter sur- 
viving, stones were tied to his 
feet and he was cast into the 
sea. Butler, Eusebius, Assemani, 
Gk. Men. 

St. Timothy and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. c. 311 (Aug. 22). Scourged 
to death. [Der Heyl. Leb.) 
Butler, Tillemont, Baillet, Rom. 
Mart. 

SS. Timothy and 
ApoUinaris, of E-heims 

MM. Late 3rd cent. (Aug. 23). 
St. Timothy, on a mission to the 
East, was scourged before Lam- 
padius. Governor of Rheims. 
ApoUinaris, a bystander, con- 
verted by his sufferings, was 
tortured and beheaded with 
him. Ado, Usuardus, Flodoard, 
Gall, and Rom. Marts. 

SS. Timothy, Le., and 
Maura, of the Thebaid 

MM. 286 (May 3). Funeral 
pile. (Ikon.) Brazier of fire be- 
tween them. (Cahier.) Gk. 
Men., Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Titian of Lombardy 

526 (Mar. 3). Bishop of Brescia. 

St. Titus. See 
St. Clement 

pec. 4). 

St. Titus of Palestine 

B. Ap. 1st cent. (Jan. 4). 
His face bright and beaming 
(Attrib. der Heil.) Bareheaded, 
in chasuble, with plain pastoral 
staff. (Antechap., Mag. Coll., 
Oxon.) All Marts. 

St. Tochanna. See 
St. Machar 

(Nov. 13). 

St. Tochumra of 
Ireland 

V. (June 11). Titular saint of 
the parish of Tochumracht, or 
Killf enora, in Munster. Butler. 

St. Toel. See 
St. Docmael 

(June 14). 

St. Tooley. See 
St. Olaf 

(July 29). 



St. Torpesius, or Torpet, 
of Pisa 

M. c. 68 (May 17). As Roman 
warrior, holding banner with a 
red cross. {Duomo, Pisa.) 
Beheaded by an executioner. 
(Ibid.) His corpse in a boat 
steered by an angel. (Cahier.) 
With a boat. (Baring-Gould.) 
Hrabanus, Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Torquatus and 
Companions, of Spain 

BB. 1st cent. (May 15). Seven 
apostles said to have been sent 
by SS. Peter and Paul to preach 
in Spain. Driven out of Cadiz, 
they settled near Algeciras. 
Usuardus (on above date) ; 
Compostella Missal (on May 7). 
\_N.B. — ^All the seven are also 
commemorated separately, St. 
Torquatus only on this day.] 

St. Toscano 

V. N.D. Book and rosary. 
(Bosio). 

St. Tosso, or Tozo, of 
Augsburg 

B.C. c. 661 (Jan. 16). Lighted 
torch and rosary. (Bavaria Pia.) 

St. Totnan 

D.M. Companion of St. Kilian 
(July 8), q.v. 

St. Tradlius or Tradwall. 
See St, Triduana 

(Oct. 8). 

St. Trallen or Tralleu 

(Ibid.) 

St. Tranquillinus of 
Rome 

M. 286 (July 6). Converted by 
St. Sebastian (Jan. 20), he is 
said to have been baptized by 
the priest Polycarp and ordaiaed 
priest by Pope St. Caius. He 
was stoned to death while 
pra5dng at the tomb of St. Paul. 
Ado, Usuardus, Notker, Rom. 
Mart., etc. 

St. Tredwell or 
Treddles. See 
St. Triduana 

(Oct. 8). 

St. Tresain, or Tresanus, 
of Mareuil 

P.C. 6th cent. (Feb. 7). With 
a budding staff. (Baring-Gould.) 
Flodoard, Colgan, Avenay Brevi- 
ary, Gall. Mart. 

St. Triduana of Scotland 

V. (Oct. 8). Tradition states 
that she came with St. Regulus 
from Constantinople bearing the 
rehcs of St. Andrew to Scotland, 
and that she died at Restalrig 
in Lothian. Her church there 
was destroyed at the Reforma- 
tion. She was formerly invoked 
by sufferers from sore eyes. 
Arbuthnot, Dempster, Aberdeen 
Breviary. 

128 



St. Trojanus of 
Saintonge 

B. 532 (Nov. 30). Elected 
Bishop of Saintes in 511, he 
became celebrated for his 
virtues. Some of his corres- 
pondence with Eumerius, 
Bishop of Nantes, on the subject 
of baptism, still survives. 
Usuardus, Ado, Gall, and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Trond. See 
St. Trudo 

(Nov. 23). 

St. Tropez. See 
St. Torpesius 

(May 17). 

St. Trophima 

V.M. N.D. (July 5). Her body 
is said to have been discovered 
on the shore of the Bay of 
Salermo in amarble[sarcophagus 
carved with an inscription in 
hexameters containing her 
name. Baring-Gould. Vener- 
ated at Amalfi. 

St. Trophimus of Aries 

M. c. 270 (Dec. 29). In episcopal 
vestments. (Statuary, Aries.) 
Carrying his own eyes plucked 
out. (Chris. Kunst.) Gk. Men., 
Rom. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Trudbert of Bresgau 

H.M. 643 (Apr. 26). Founder 
of the monastery of his name in 
the Miinsterthal, near Staufen, 
he was murdered whilst asleep 
by his head being cleft with an 
axe. Usuardus, Strasburg 
Breviary. Venerated in the 
Black Forest. 

St. Trudo of Belgium 

Ab. 698 (Nov. 23). Fountain 
springing under his staff. 
(Cahier.) Church in his hand. 
(Ibid.) Usuardus, Wandelbert, 
Florus, Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Trumwin of the 
Picts 

B. 686 (Feb. 10 or Dec. 2). 
A monk of Whitby ordain«i 
bishop and sent on a mission 
to the Pictish tribes. He died 
at Whitby, where he is buried, 
in St. Peter's Church. Dempster, 
Bede. 

St. Truyen. See 
St. Trudo 

(Nov. 23). 

SS. Tryphsena and 
Tryphosa, of Rome 

VV. MM. 1st cent. (Nov. 10). 
St. Tryphasna with an ox or 
bull near her. (Cahier.) Rom. 
xvi. 12; Rom. Mart. 

SS. Trypho and 
Respicius, of Apamsea 

MM. 250 (Nov. 10). Natives 
of a Phrygian village near 
Apamaea, taien in the Decian 



Saints and their Emblems 



persecution and sent in irons 
to Nicaea for trial before the 
governor Aquilinus. They were 
tortured, exposed naked to 
falling snow, and finally be- 
headed. St. N5anpha, a virgin 
of Palermo, who died at Siena, 
is sometimes associated with 
them, through being buried 
in the same grave. Ruinart, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Tryphon and Twelve 
Companions, of 
Alexandria 

MM. c. 250 (July 3). Feet 
nailed to the ground. [C allot.) 
Hung up ; burnt with torches. 
[Old engraving.) St. Tryphon 
dragged by a horse. [Das 
Pass.) 

St. Tryphonia of Rome 

W.M. c. 150 (Oct. 18). Tradi- 
tionally described as the wife 
of Decius Caesar, converted 
to Christianity by that per- 
secutor's sufferings and death. 
The Acts are worthless and 
the whole story apocryphal. 
Ado, Usuardus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Tryphosa 

M. Companion of St. Tryphaena 
(Nov. 10), q.v. 

St. Tugdual, Tugduval, 
Tual, Tudal or Tudwal, 
of Tregnier 

B. c. 564 (Nov. 30). In papal 
(sic) vestments, a dragon at his 
feet. {Baring-Gould.) Gall. 
Marts. 

St. Turiaf, or Turiac, of 
Brittany 

B. c. 749 (July 13). Bom in 
the diocese of Vannes, he was 
educated at Dol, of which see 
he became Bishop about the 
year 733. Rehcs at St. Germain 
des Pres, Paris. Butler, Lobineau, 
Bollandists. 

St. Turibius. See 
St. Alphonso 

(Mar. 23). 

St. Turibius of Astorga 

B.C. c. 460 (Apr. 16). Carrying 
fire in his rochet. [Cahier.) 
Rom. and Spn. Marts. 

St. Turninus of the 
Netherlands 

C. Late 8th cent. (July 17). 
An Irish priest who came over 
to the Netherlands with St. 
Foillan (Oct. 31). and con- 
ducted a mission in the neigh- 
bourhood of Antwerp. Relics 
near Liege. Butler, Colgan. 

SS. The Twelve 
Brothers of Bene- 
ventum 

MM. c. 303 (Sept. i). Natives 
of Carthage tortured and sent 
to Italy in chains for execution. 



Arontius, Honoratus, Fortun- 
atus and Sabinian weremartyred 
at Potentia on Aug. 27 ; Janu- 
arius and Fehx I. at Venusia on 
Aug. 28 ; Vitahs, Sator and 
Repositas at Vehnianum ; and 
Donatus and Felix II. on Sept. i 
atSentianum. Butler, Baronius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Tychicus 

1st cent. (Apr. 29). One of the 
disciples of St. Paul. 

St. Tygria of Maurienne 

V. 6th cent. (June 25). Tradi- 
tion states that she travelled 
from the Cottian Alps to Alex- 
andria, whence she brought a 
finger of St. John the Baptist, 
over which Gunthram, Duke 
of Burgundy, buUt the Cathe- 
dral of St. Jean de Maurienne, 
where the relic is enshrined 
with an arm of St. Tygria. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Tygrius. See 
St. Tigris 

(Jan. 12). 

St.Tyllo. A^eeStThean 

(Jan. 7). 

SS. Tyranno, B., 
Zenobius and Compan- 
ions, of Tyre 

MM. 304 (Feb. 20). Egyptian 
Christians martyred at Tyre 
in the Diocletian persecution. 
They were scourged, . exposed 
to wild beasts in the arena, and 
finally slain with the sword and 
thrown into the sea. Butler, 
Usuardus, Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Ubaldesca 

V. N.D. Palm and Holy Water 
stoup. (Bosio.) 

St. Ubaldus of Gubbio 

B. 1 160 (May 16). Cross, or 
banner with cross in his hand. 
[Cahier. ) Butler, Ferrarius, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Udalric. See 
St. Ulric 

(July 4)- 
St. XJgo of Tuscany 

1184 (Sept. 8). Bishop of 
Volterra. 

St. Ugolina 

V. c. 130 (n.d.). In a cave, wear- 
ing a coat of mail. (Cahier.) 

St. Uhanan 

M. Companion of St. Narses 
(Nov. 30), q.v. 

St. Ulmar. See 
St. Yulmar 

(July 20). 

St. Ulphia of Amiens 

V. 8th cent. (Jan. 31). Praying, 
a frog near her. (Cahier.) 

St. Ulpian of Tyre 

M. 304 (Apr. 3). Racked and 
scourged before the governor 

129 



Urbanus, he was sewn in a sack 
with a dog and a viper and 
thrown into the sea. Butler, 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Ulric of Augsburg 

B. c. 973 (July 4). Asleep ; two 
angels before him, one with the 

B. Sacrament, the other with 
crosier and chaUce. (Der Heyl. 
Leb.) Angel bringing him a 
chalice and cross. (Bilder 
Legende.) Angel bringing a 
cross to him whilst on horse- 
back in battle. (Icon. Sanct.) 
Fish on book. (Husenbeth.) 
A fish in his hand. (Lib. Cronic, 

A. Durer.) Giving a coat to a 
poor man. (Attrib. der Heil.) St. 
Simpertus appearing to him. 
(Cahier.) A mad dog at his side. 
(Baring-Gould.) Ger. and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Ulric 

H. d. 1154 (Feb. 20). Bom 
near Bristol, he was ordained 
priest and retired to Hesel- 
borough in the county of Dorset, 
where he hved as a recluse until 
his death. Holding a book. 
(Engraving.) Butler, Harpsfield, 
Matthew of Paris, Henry of 
Huntingdon. 

St. Ulric. See 
St. Wulfric 

(Feb. 20). 

St. Ultan of Fosses 

C. c. 686 (May i). Brother to 
SS. Fursey and FoUean. He 
travelled with the last named 
into France and founded the 
monastery of Fosses, near Liege, 
on an estate granted him by 
St. Gertrude of NiveUes. He 
was murdered by robbers in 
the forest of Sonce in Hainault. 

St. Ultan of Ireland 

B. 656 (Sept. 4). First Bishop 
of Ardbraccan, co. Meath, he 
was renowned for his charity 
towards foundling children. 
Butler, Colgan. 

St. Ultius. See 
St. Wulsin 

(Jan. 8). 

Bl. Umbert 

C. N.D. Dominican ; long nail 
or stylus in his right hand, book 
in left. (Predella, Era Angelica.) 

St. Uncomber. See 
St. Wilgefortis 

(July 20). 

St. Urban I., of 
Rome 

Po. M. 230 (May 23). Scourged 
at a stake. (Callot^ Beheaded, 
idol falling from a broken 
colimm. (Der Heyl. Leb.) Bap- 
tizing Valerian and Tibertius. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Tillemont, Rom. 
Mart. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Urban of Langres 

B. 5th cent. (Jan. 23). A vine 
beside him. (Molanus.) Book 
with wine-vessel on it. {Church, 
Tyrol.) Grapes on a missal ; 
triple cross. (Marling Church, 
Tyrol.) Open missal ; two 
bunches of grapes under it. 
(Si!. Peter's, Tyrol.) Confusing 
him with the Pope St. Urban. 
(May 25). 

St. Urban 

M. Companion of St. AmpUas 
(Oct. 31), q.v. 

St. Urban of Saragossa 

M. Companion of St. Optatus 
(Apr. 16), q.v. 

St. Urbanus of Abruzzi 

gth cent. pec. 7). Bishop of 
Chieti. 

St. Urbicius of 
Clermont 

B. 312 (Apr. 3). A senator 
who left his wife, was ordained 
priest and became Bishop of 
Clermont. His wife pursuing 
him, he reUnqmshed the epis- 
copate and entered a monastery! 
Si. Gregory of Tours, Gall. Marts. 

St. Urbicius of Lorraine 

c. 420 (Mar. 20). Bishop of 
Metz. 

St. Urith. See 
St. Hiersetha 

(July 8). 
St. Ursicinus of 
lUyricum (?) 

B.M. 67 (Aug. 14). Carrying 
his head, cut off, palm branches 
sprouting from his neck. (Die 
Heil.) 

St. Ursicinus 

M. Companion of St. Agripanus 
(Feb. i), q.v. 

St. Ursinus of Berri 

c. 280 (Nov. 9). Bishop of 
Bourges. 

St. Ursmar of Hainault 

B. 713 (Apr. 19). Casting 
out a devil. (Old engraving.) 
Appearing in the air to cavalry. 
(Cahier.) Butler, Henschenius. 

St. Ursula and Com- 
panions 

W. MM. c. 451 (Oct. 21). 
Holding an arrow and white 
banner with red cross. (Car- 
paccio.) Arrow ; virgins pro- 
tected beneath her cloak. {XV. 
cent, window, Hault Hucknall, 
Derby.) Protecting a multitude 
of persons, many being clerics 
of high rank, with her cloak 
held up by angels. {XVI. 
cent. Flemish window, Grosvenor 
Thomas collection.) Two arrows. 
(Burgmaier.) Three arrows. 
(XV. cent, window, Wintring- 
ham.) Crowned, with book and 



arrow. {Window, Munich Cath.) 
Crowned with flowers, and hold- 
ing a dove. (Brusasorci, Louvre. ) 
Holding a very long arrow. 
(St. John's de Sepulchre, Nor- 
wich.) Triple crown, sceptre 
and palm ; protecting virgins 
with her mantle. (Seal of the 
Drapers' Company, London.) 
Shot with an arrow, virgins 
slain around her. (Cat. Sanct.) 
Shot by five arrows, naked to the 
waist. (Roodscreen, Torbryan.) 
In a ship with a Pope, bishop 
and others, being shot at by an 
archer on the shore. (Das Pass.) 
Landing from a ship, or with a 
ship near her. (Chris. Kunst.) 
Dove at her feet. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Butler, Usher, Wandel- 
bert; York, Sarum, Hereford 
and Durham Breviaries; Gall, 
and Rom. Marts., etc. etc. 

St. Ursus of Emilia 

396 (Apr. 13). Bishop of 
Ravenna. 

SS. Ursus, and Yictor, 
of Soleure 

MM. c. 300 (Sept. 30). Theban 
soldiers with banner and sword. 
(Die Heil.) Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Utho 

H. N.D. Discovered in his cell 
by a hunter. (Bavaria Pia.) 
Hanging an axe on a sunbeam. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Vaast or Yaat. See 
St. Yedast 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Yalens 

D.M. Companion of St. Pam- 
philus (June i), q.v. 

St. Yalentina 

V.M. Companion of St. Thea 
(July 25), q.v. 

St. Yalentine of Passau 

B. c. 440 (Oct. 29). Sent by 
the Pope on a mission to Passau, 
he returned to Rome, confessing 
failure, but was consecrated 
Bishop of Passau, and returned 
to his labours. Again failing 
in his efforts, he retired to the 
Rhaetian Alps and built a 
chapel and monastery at Mais 
in the Tyrol, where he died. 
Relics at Passau. Rom. Mart. 
(on above date). Venerated at 
Passau (on Jan. 7). 

St. Yalentine of Rome 

P.M. 269 (Feb. 14). A priest 
bearing a sword. (Ikon.) Hold- 
ing a sun. (Cahier.) Giving 
sight to a blind girl. (Gueffler.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Bede, 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Yalentine of 
Terracina 

B.C. 312. Raising a dead boy 
to life. (Attrib. der Heil.) 

180 



St. Yalentio 

M. Companion of St. Pasicrates 
(May 25), q.v. 

St. Yalentius 

M. N.D. A scythe. (Ikon.) 

St. Yaleria 

M. (Apr. 28). Wife of St. 
Vitahs, q.v. Executioner stand- 
ing over her with a sword. 
(XII. cent, window, Le Mans.) 
Refusing to worship an idol. 
(Ibid.) 

St. Yaleria of Limoges 

V.M. c. 250 (Dec. 9). Presenting 
her decapitated head to St. 
Martial, saying Mass. (Window, 
Limoges Cath., Vatican, Spa- 
darino.) Bearing her head with 
coronet in her hand. (Window, 
Limoges Cath.) 

St. Yalerian, Bishop of 
Abbeuza, in Africa 

457 (Dec. 15). Lying on the 
grotmd exposed to the air. 
(Gueffier.) Rom. Mart. 

St. Yalerian, and Com- 
panions, of Rome 

MM. 229 (Apr. 14). Our Saviour 
animating him to suffer. (Icon. 
Sanct.) Seeing an angel near 
St. Cecilia. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Baronius. 

St. Yalerian 

M. Companion of St. Marcellus 
(Sept. 4), q.v. He was racked, 
torn with iron hooks, and be- 
headed at Toumus on the Saone, 
between Dijon and Chalons. 

St. Yalerius of 
Campania 

C. c. 500 (Jan. 16). Bishop of 
Sorrento. 

St. Yalerius of 
Saragossa 

B. Early 4th cent. (Jan. 28). 
Suffering from an impediment 
in his speech, he employed St. 
Vincent (Jan. 22) to speak for 
him at his trial in the Decian 
persecution, when St. Vincent 
was executed and St. Valerius 
exiled. Rom Mart, (on above 
date). Also celebrated on Jan. 
19, 22, 23 and 29. 

St. Yalerius of Trier 

B. Late ist cent. (Jan. 29). 
Sent with SS. Eucherius and 
Matemus by St. Peter to preach 
the Gospel in Gaul. St. Valerius 
succeeded the first named on 
his death as Bishop of Treves, 
and was himself succeeded by 
St. Matemus. Most ancient 
Martyrologies. 

St. Yalery of Picardy 

Ab. 622 (Apr. I and Dec. 12). 
Boy keeping cattle and learning 
to read. (Cahier.) Butler, 
Mabillon, Ado, Usuardus, Rom. 
Mart. 



Saints 

St. Valpurge. See 
St. Walburgis, Abs, 

(Feb. 25). 

St, Yaltrude. See 
St. Waltrudis 

(Apr. 9). 

St. Vandrille of 
Fontanelle 

Ab. c. 667 (July 22). A yoiing 
noble, a kinsman of Pepin of 
Lauden, who after marriage 
agreed, with his wife, to enter 
rdigious houses. He spent some 
years as a monk at Bobbio, and 
in 648 established the great 
monastery of FontaneUe in 
Normandy known by his name. 
Rom., Gall, and. Bene. Marts. 

St. Vaneng of 
Fontanelle 

C. c. 688 (Jan. 9). He was made 
Governor of a part of Neustria 
in Normandy, now known as 
Pays de Caux, by Clothaire III. 
Later he assisted St. Vandrille 
in building the churches of SS. 
Peter and Paul at Fontanelles, 
and founded the Church of 
Holy Trinity at Fecamp. 
Butler, Mabillon, Bollandus. 

St. Yannus of Yerdun 

B.C. 525 (Nov. 9). A monk 
chosen Bishop of Verdun c. 498, 
who occupied the see till his 
death in 525. He is patron of a 
reformed order of Benedictines 
imder the title of SS. Vanne 
and Hydulphus. Butler, Le 
Cointe. 

St. Yarns of Egypt 

M. c. 290 (Oct. 19). A flail in 
his hand. [Attrib. der Heil. ; 
Window, St. Cuthbert's, Wells.) 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Yasius, or Yaise, of 
Saintonge 

M. c. 500 (Apr. 16). A rich 
yoimg noble of Saintes who 
spent his income in relieving 
the poor. His uncle, Proculus, 
resenting his liberality, seized 
some of his lands, and on St. 
Vasius appealing to King Alaric 
for redress set on him and 
murdered him. On the site of 
his martyrdom was foimded the 
priory of St. Vaise. Saintes 
Breviary. 

St. Yaudru. See 
St. Waltrudis 

(Apr. 9). 

St. Yauge, or Yorech, of 
Cornwall. See 
St. Yougas 

(June 15). 

St. Yautrude. See 
St. Waltrudis 

(Apr. 9). 



and their Emblems 



St. Yedast of Arras 

B. 539 (Feb. 6). A wolf with 
a goose in its mouth, i^ooj. 
Earl Stonham.) A wolf before 
him in a thicket. {Das Pass.) 
Curing a bUnd man. (Cahier.) 
Butler, Henschenius, Rom., Gall., 
Belg. and Sarum Marts. 

St. Yeerle. See 
St. Pharaildis 

(Jan., 4). 

St. Yenantius of 
Camerino 

M. c. 250 (May 18). Plan of 
Camerino in his hand. {Cahier.) 
Causing a foimtain to spring up. 
{Ibid.) Banner ; a wall near 
him. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Bollandists, Rom. Mart. 

St. Yenantius 
Fortunatus of Poitiers 

B. c. 600 (Dec. 14). An Italian, 
bom near Treviso and educated 
at Ravenna. Being cured of an 
inflammation of the eyes by the 
intercession of St. Martin of 
Tours, he came to that city to 
visit the relics. Going thence 
to Poitiers, he entered the priest- 
hood and succeeded Plato as 
Bishop of that city c. 594. St. 
Gregory of Tours, Gall. Marts. 
Specially venerated at Poitiers. 

St. Yenantius of Tours 

c. 500 (Oct. 13). Lions about 
him. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Yenerand 

Brother of St. Maximus (May 
25), q.v. 

St. Yeneranda, or 
Yenera, of Troyes 

V.M. 150 (Nov. 14). In a ship 
on fire. {Weyen.) In a cauldron 
of boihng pitch ; cross in her 
hand. {Cahier.) Bearing palm 
on which are three crowns. 
{Ibid.) 

St. Yenerius of Ostia 

A gaoler and companion of St. 
Censurinus (Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Yenerus 

H. 7th cent. Raven bringing 
him food. {Cahier.) 

St. Yennole. See 
St. Winwaloe 

(Mar. 3). 

St. Yeranus of 
Champagne 

6th cent (Oct. 19). Bishop of 
Chalons. 

St. Yerca 

M. Wife and companion of St. 
Bathus (Mar. 26), q.v. 

St. Yerdiana of Tuscany 

V.R. 1242 (Feb. i). As a 
Vallambrosan nun, serpents 
feeding from her basket. {Jame- 
son.) Menardus, Ferrarius, 
Rom. and Bene. Marts. 

181 



St. Yerelde. See 
St. Pharaildis 

(Jan. 4). 

St. Yerena of 
Switzerland 

V. 3rd cent. (Sept. i). B.V. 
Mary appearing at her death. 
{Der Heyl. Leb.) Crown of 
thorns on her head. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Large double-toothed 
comb and infant's feeding vessel 
with spout, or a flagon. {Window, 
Argau Church, Konigsfelden.) 
Houses washed away ; figure 
at the window of a prison. 
{Husenbeth. ) Comb in one hand, 
porringer in the other ; wreath 
of roses on her head. {Her 
monument, Zurzach Church.) 
Usuardus, Notker, Wandelbert, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Yerinna. See 
St. Berenice 

(Oct. 4). 

St. Yeronica Giuliani of 
Citta di Castello 

V. Abs. (July 9). Holding 
a heart marked with a cross. 
{Cahier.) 

St. Yeronica of Rome 

Matr. ist cent. (Feb. 4 or 
Mar. 25). Holding a veil im- 
pressed with the countenance 
of the Redeemer. {Vault, 
Divinity School, Oxon) ; Window, 
Malvern Priory, and many other 
instances.) Holding sacr«i veil, 
standing between SS. Peter and 
Paul. {Ugo de Car-pi, Vatican.) 
Butler, Ferrarius, Bollandus. 
Almost all Marts. 

Bl. Yeronica of Milan 

V. 1497 (Jan. 13). Daughter 
of a peasant near Milan, she 
became a nun in the Augustinian 
convent of St. Martha at Milan, 
where she became celebrated 
for her sanctity. Butler, Bol- 
landus, Rom. Mart. 

St. Yeronus 

C. 9th cent. (n.d.). Pilgrim ; 
woman near mm pouring out 
water. {Attrib. der Heil.) 

St. Yestina 

One of the SciUitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17), q.v. 

St. Yeturnis 

One of the SciUitan Martyrs. 
Companion of St. Speratus 
(July 17), q.v. 

St. Yictor of Arcis-sur- 
Aube 

H. 7th cent. (Feb. 26). Bom 
at Troyes, he took Holy Orders, 
but later became a hermit at 
Satumiac, now St. Vitre, near 
Arcis, where he died. Butler^ 
Henschenius. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Yictor of Marseilles 

M. 304 (July 21). In armour 
holding pennon, and. shield 
charged with an escarbuncle. 
(FflM der Goes, Glasgow Gal.) 
Chain mail, with spear and 
shield. (Window, Sirasburg 
Cath.) Trampling down a pagan 
altar. (Aiirib. der Heil.) His 
foot cut off. {Icon. Sand.) 
Millstone and sword. (Molanus.) 
In armour ; banner with cross 
in right hand, a windmill in 
left. (Solitaire.) Armour, sword 
and windmill. (Roodscreen, 
Torbryan.) Butler, Ceillier, Tille- 
mont, Fleury, Cuper, Gall. Marts. 

St. Victor (the Moor) of 
Milan 

M. 303 (May 8). His foot on 
a broken altar. (His church at 
Cremona, A. Campi.) Burnt 
in an oven or metaUic bull. 
(Ikon.) As a Moor. (Aiirib. 
der Heil.) Thrown into a 
furnace. (Old engraving.) But- 
ler, Bollandisis. 

St. Victor of Portugal 

M. N.D. (Apr. 12). A catechumen 
at Braga who was tortured and 
decapitated for refusing to offer 
flowers and incense to an idol. 
Braga, Evora and Compostella 
Breviaries, Rom. Mart. 

St. Victor of Rome 

Pope. M. 201 (July 28). An 
African by birth, and successor 
to Pope Eleutherius. The 
manner of his death is not 
stated, though he is described 
as a martyr. Hrabanus, Maurus, 
Rom. Mart, (on above date) ; 
Ado, Usuardus and Notker (on 
Apr. 20). 

SS. Victor, and Susanna, 
of Mouzon 

MM. N.D. (Feb. 9). Brother and 
sister, peasants at Mouzon. 
Susanna having resisted the 
lord of Mouzon in attempting 
her chastity, he had her bUnded, 
and murdered her brother for 
defending her. Bollandus. 
Locally venerated at Mouzon, 
near Sedan. 

St. Victor, and Com- 
panions, of Nicomedia 

MM. 303 (Apr. 20). Bystanders 
at the martyrdom of St. George 
who were converted by his 
sufferings, and executed by the 
sword. Span, and Mod. Rom. 
Maris. 

St. Victor 

M. 177. Companion of St. 
Corona (May 14), q.v. 

St. Victor 

M. (Sept. 14). Companion of 
St. Crescentianus, q.v. 

St. Victor 

M. Companion of St. Gereon 
(Oct. 10), q.v. 



St. Victor 

M. Companion of St. Neme- 
sianus (Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. Victor 

Companion of St. Sosthenes 
(Sept. 10), q.v. 

St. Victor 

Companion of St. Ursus (Sept. 
30), q.v. 

St. Victor 

M. Companion of St. Victorinus 
(Feb. 25), q.v. 

St. Victoria of Rome 

V.M. 253 (Dec. 23). Obtaining 
the destruction of a dragon by 
prayer. (Icon. Sand. Leaning 
on a sword, dragon at her side. 
(Old missal.) Angel exhorting 
her to a vow of virginity. 
(Cahier.) Pierced with arrows. 
(Ibid.) Butler, Ado, Rom. Mart. 

St. Victoria 

M. Companion of St. Arsiclas 
(Nov. 17), q.v. 

St. Victorian, and Com- 
panions, of Africa 

MM. c. 484 (Mar. 23).- A native 
of Adrumetum and Governor 
of Carthage tortured to death, 
with four others, two being 
brothers of Aquae Regia and two 
merchants of Carthage, in the 
persecution of Huneric. Butler, 
Usuardus, Ado, Notker, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Victoricus, and 
Companions, of Amiens 

MM. c. 303 (Dec. 11). Victoricus 
and Fuscianas, two missionaries 
to Gaul, lodged at Amiens with 
one Gentianus, and instructed 
him in the faith. After various 
tortures under Rectius Varus 
they were pierced with arrows 
and then beheaded. Relics at 
Amiens. Butler, Usuardus, Ado, 
Notker, Rom. and Gall. Maris. 

St. Victorinus 

H.C. N.D. His hands in the 
clef t of a tree. (Cahier.) 

St. Victorinus of 
Diospolis 

M. 284 (Feb. 25). Bruised to 
death in a mortar. (Ikon.) His 
leg or foot cut off. (Die Heili- 
genbild.) Pagan ajtar over- 
turned. (Aiirib. der Heil.) 
Barmer and globe. (Ibid.) But- 
ler, Henschenius, Bede, Ado, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Victorinus of Pettau 

B.M. 303 (Nov. 2). Bishop of 
Pettau, in Upper Pannonia, 
now in Styria, he is styled one 
of the pillars of the Church by 
St. Jerome. Butler, Tillemont, 
Usuardus, St. Jerome, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Victorinus 

M. One of the Quatuor Coronati 
(Nov. 8), q.v. 

182 



St. Victorinus of Rieti 

P.M. 2nd cent. (Sept. 5). Hung 
by the heels over sulphurous 
vapours. (Cahier.) Ado, Usu- 
ardus, Notker, Rom. Mart. 

St. Victorinus 

M. Companion of St. Castus 
(May 15), q.v. 

St. Victorinus 

M. Companion of St. Claudius 
(July 7)' 9'-'^- 

St. Victorinus 

M. (Apr. 15). Companion of 
St. Maro, q.v. Martyred by 
suspension in the sulphurous 
exhalations of Lake Cotylia. 
Compare St. Victorinus of Rieti 
(Sept. 5). 

St. Victorinus 

M. Companion of St. Sym- 
phorian (Feb. 28), q.v. 

St. Victorius of 
Champagne 

c. 490 (Sept. i). Bishop of Sens. 

St. Victorius 

M. Companion of St. Montanus 
(Feb. 24), q.v. 

St. Victricius of 
Normandy 

C. c. 407 (Aug. 7). Bishop of 
Rouen. 

St. Vie. See St. Vougas 

(June 15). 

St. Vigilius of 
Champagne 

M. 689 (Mar. 11). A Bishop of 
Auxerre. 

St. Vigilius of 
Lombardy 

c. 550 (Sept. 26). Bishop of 
Brescia. 

St. Vigilius of Trent 

B.M. c. 405 (June 26). Successor 
to Abundantius as Bishop of 
Trent, he sent SS. Sisinnius and 
his companions (May 29) on the 
mission to the Tyrol in which 
they were martyred. St. 
VigiUus himself was stoned to 
death bypagan peasants. Butler, 
Baillet, Surius, Mabillon, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Vignevelly. See 
St. Winwaloe 

(Mar. 3). 

St. Vigor of Bayeux 

B. 537 (Nov. i). A native of 
Artois, educated by St. Vedast 
of Arras (Feb. 6), he succeeded 
Contestus as Bishop of Bayeux. 
Rehcs at St. Requier, near Pon- 
thieu. Surius, Usuardus, Rom. 
and Gall. Maris. Venerated at 
Bayeux on Nov. 5. 

St. Vimin. See 

St. Vivian 
(Jan. 21). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Vincent of Agen 

M. 3rd cent. (June 9). He is 
described as a Levite, and was 
probably a deacon who preached 
the faith in Gaul. Seized by 
pagans at Agen, he was extended 
between stakes, scourged and 
beheaded. Butler, St. Gregory 
of Tours. 

St.Vincent of Calahorra, 
in Spain 

M. 303 (Apr. 19). Martyred in 
the Diocletian persecution by 
being suspended on high by a 
rope around his feet and then 
dashed down upon flints. Usu- 
ardus, Ado, Notker, Rom. and 
Span. Marts. 

St. Vincent of Leon 

Ab. M. c. 555 (Mar. 11). Abbot 
of St. Claudius at Leon, he 
was taken in the Vandal invasion 
of Spain, beaten and thrown 
into prison. Condemned to 
death by King Hermandic, his 
skull was cleft by a sword. 
Ramirus, his prior, and twelve 
monks suffered with him. Bol- 
landus, Bene, and Leon Marts. 

St. Vincent of Lerins 

P.C. c. 445 (May 24). A native 
of Toul, author of the " Com- 
monitorium adversus Haere- 
ticos." St. Eucherius of Lyons 
describes him as a brother of 
Lupus of Troyes. Butler, Pafe- 
broke, Ceillier, Molanus, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Vincent of 
Saragossa 

D.M. 304 (Jan. 22). Bound to a 
tree; executioners with iron hook. 
{Luini, Brera, Milan.) Dpng 
on a bed of roses. (Window, 
Bourges.) With an iron hook. 
{Windows at Sparham, Sail, 
and St. Peter, Hungate, Norwich.) 
Bookandewerorjug. (Vestment, 
Wardour Chapel.) Two ewers 
on a book. (Windows, Doddes- 
combsleigh and Payhembury, 
Devon.) Bowels torn with a 
hook, and his body burnt on a 
gridiron. (Cat. Sanct.) Tom 
with hooks and burnt with 
torches. (Lambrecht.) A grid- 
iron with spikes. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Raven driving wild 
beasts from his dead body. 
(Windows, Bourges and Chartres 
Cathedrals.) Left hand on a 
millstone. (Flos Sanct.) Ibid., 
a rope through it. (Fra Angelico, 
Predella.) Two ravens piloting 
the ship with his relics. (Husen- 
beth.) Crow, or raven, on a 
millstone. (Jameson.) Deacon 
with pahn, a crow by his side. 
Angels breaking his chains in 
prison. (Legenda Aurea.) Canoe 
in his hand. (Cahier.) Three 
ewers and a book. (Roodscreen, 
Torbryan.) All Western Martyr- 
ologies. 



St. Vincent Ferrer of 
Brittany 

C. O.S.D. 1419 (Apr. 5). Domi- 
nican ; Our Saviour appearing 
to him in glory ; a boy kneeling 
before him ; a cardinal's hat. 
(Solitaire.) Sun, with mono- 
gram, I H S, in his hand. (Ikon.) 
With wings, a crucifix in his 
hand. (Murillo.) Jewish and 
Saracen converts around him. 
(Attrib. der Heil.) A hly. (Old 
engraving.) Crucifix and open 
book. (Passionael.) I H S 
on his heart. (Baring-Gould.) 
With wings ; a trumpet in his 
hand. (Cahier.) Butler, Hen- 
schenius, Papebroke, Rom. Mart. 

St. Vincent Madelgar 
of Soignies 

C. 677 (July 14). Count of 
Hainaidt, husband of St. Wal- 
trudis (Apr. 19) and father of SS. 
Landric (Apr. 17), DentUn (July 
14) and Aldetrude (Feb. 25), 
he founded monasteries at Mau- 
beuge and Soignies, in the latter 
of which he died. Belg. Marts. 

St. Vincent de Paul of 
France 

C. 1660 (July 19). Founder of 
the Sisters of Charity and the 
Order of Lazarists. Ransomed 
slaves around him. (Chris.. 
Kunst.) Infant in his arms. 
Sister of Charity at his feet. 
(Husenbeth.) Surrounded by 
Sisters of Charity. (His own 
church, Paris.) Instructing the 
poor. (Colum. milit. Eccl.) 
Butler, Rom. Mart. 

St. Vincent and Com- 
panions, of Avila 

MM. c. 304 (Oct. 27). Executed 
with his two sisters at Avila by 
Dacian, Governor of Spain, for 
refusing to adore an image of 
Jupiter. Rom. Mart. 

SS. Vincent, B., and 
Laetus, P., of Tarbes 

MM. N.D. (Sept. i). Venerated 
at Tarbes and Libisosa as 
aposties of the south of France 
and the Pyrenees. Rom. and 
Span. Marts. 

Bl. Vincent 

C. N.D. Dominican ; flames 
in his left hand. (Fra Angelico, 
Predella.) 

St. Vincentia 

Wife of St. Severus (Feb. i), q.v. 

St. Vindician of Arras 

B. c. 669 (Mar. 11). A youth 
kneeUng before him. (Old 
engraving.) Baring-Gould, 
Arras Mart. 

St. Virgilius of Aries 

Abp. c. 618 (Mar. 5). A native 
of Aquitania and inmate of 
the monastery of Lerins, he was 
elected Bishop of Aries in 588, 
and is said to have consecrated 

183 



St. Augustine of Canterbury on 
his departure for the Enghsh 
mission. Bene, and Gall. Marts. 

St. Virgilius of Salzburg 

B.C. 780 (Nov. 27). A churcn 
in his hand. (Coins of Salzburg.) 
Butler, Mabillon, Ware, Colgan, 
Rom. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Visorio 

M. 950 (N.D.) With two 
acolytes. (Cahier.) 

St. Vitalian of Capua 

B. c. 7th cent. (July 16). A 
bishop of Capua who went into 
retirement on Mount Catanzaro, 
where he was buried. Miracles 
were ascribed to his tomb, which 
was formally identified by Pope 
Callixtus II. in 1122. Capua 
Breviary, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Vitalina of Auvergne 

V. c. 390 (Feb. 21). Venerated 
at Antonne, near Riom, and at 
Metz. Nothing is known of 
her Ufe, but St. Gregory relates 
a legend of her speaking from 
her tomb to St. Martin of Tours. 
Gregory of Tours. 

St. Vitalis of Austria 

c. 730 (Oct. 20). Bishop of 
Salzburg. 

St. Vitalis of Gaza 

Mk. Early 7th cent. (Jan. 11). 
Conducting a mission among 
the courtesans of Alexandria, he 
incurred suspicion and died 
before his vindication was com- 
plete. Gk. Meneea. 

St. Vitalis of Ravenna 

M. ist cent. (Apr. 28). Husband 
of St. Valeria and father of SS. 
Gervasius and Protasius. Stand- 
ing in a weU-shaped pit, men 
stoning him. (XII. cent, window, 
Le Mans. ) Buried ahve in a pit. 
(Der Heyl. Leb.) Buried in a 
pit under earth and stones. 
(Baroccio, Brera, Milan.) 
Stoned. ((Attrib. der Heil.) 
Stones in his lap ; between two 
youths, each with a stone in 
his hand. (Old engraving.) With 
a whirlbat * (Ikon.) Butler, 
Fortunatus, Rom. Mart. 

* Possibly in error for St. Vitalis 
of Bologna (Nov. 4). 

St. Vitalis 

M. One of the Twelve Brothers 
(Sept. i), q.v. 

SS. Vitalis and 
Agricola, of Bologna 

MM. c. 304 (Nov. 4). St Vitalis 
as a horse-soldier with a stan- 
dard. (Venice, Carpaccio.) 
Thrown into a river. (C allot.) 
A club set with spikes. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Buried aJive.* (Ibid.) 
Thrown into a pit and stoned.* 
(Der Heyl. Leb.) St. Agricola 
bound to a post. (Callot.) 
Crucified with many nails. 
(Ibid.) 

* Probably confusing him with 
St. Vitalis of Ravenna Apr. 28). 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Yitonus. See 
St. Vannus 

(Nov. 9). 

St. Vitus of Sicily 

Ch.M. c. 303 (June 15). Youth 
with a cock beside him. {Statue, 
St. Vitus' Cath., Prague.) In a 
cauldron over a fire. (Basetti of 
Verona, Munich.) Cock, or 
cockatrice, perched on a book. 
{Lib. Cronic.) Youth bearing 
a palm, cock crowing beside 
him. {Cahier.) Boiled in a 
cauldron. {Statuary, Charires 
Cath.) Holding a vessel of 
boiling oil. {Attrih. der Heil.) 
A wolf or Hon beside him. {Ikon.) 
Fire behind him ; angel bringing 
him a crown and palm. {Old 
engraving.) Holding a dog in a 
leash. {Cahier.) Butler, Pape- 
broke, Usuardus,Ado, Hrabanus, 
Rom, Mart. 

St. Viventine of Umbria 

M. 273 (Feb. 14). Bishop of 
Teramo. 

St. Yiventius of 
Champagne 

c. 380 (Sept. 7). A Bishop of 
Rheims. 

St. Yivian of Saintonge 

5th cent. (Aug. 28). Bishop of 
Saintes. 

St. Yivian of Scotland 

B.C. c. 615 (Jan. 21). Con- 
secrated bishop whilst a member 
of an abbey in Fife. He founded 
the Abbey of Holywood. Butler, 
Adam King, Aberdeen Breviary, 
Scone Chronicle. 

St. Yivina 

Abs. 1170 (Dec. 17). Church 
in her hand. {Cahier.) 

St. Yladimir of Russia 

Emperor C. 1015 (July 15). 
The first Christian ruler of 
Russia. Russian Kalendar 
and Histories. 

St. Yohi. See 
St. Walhere 

(June 23). 

St. Yolusian of Touraine 

C. c. 400 (Jan. 18). Was 
Bishop of Tours. 

St. Yorech. See 
St. Yougas 

(June 15). 

St. Yorsetta 

V. Companion of St. Einbetta 
(Sept. 16), q.v. 

St. Yougas, or Yie, of 
Brittany 

B. 6th cent. (June 15). Said 
to be an Irish bishop who 
settled in Brittany, the tradi- 
tion being that he crossed from 
Ireland to France on a floating 
rock. Gall Marts. Venerated 
at Treguenec, in Brittany. 



St. Yulganus of Arras 

B.C. c. 680 (Nov. 2). An angel 
near him. {Cahier.) Butler, 
Colgan, Belg. and Gall. Marts. 

St. Yulmar of Hainault 

Ab. c. 689 (July 20). Living 
in a hollow tree, peasant bring- 
ing him a loaf. {Callot.) In a 
cell, with a board for a bed and 
mallet outside. {Ibid.) Rom., 
Gall, and Belg. Marts. 

St. Yulpian. See 
St. Ulpian 

(Apr. 3). 

St. Yulsin. See 
St. Wulsin 

(Jan. 8). 

St. Walabons 

D.M. Companion of St. Peter 
(June 7), q.v. 

St. Walaric. See 
St. Yalery 

(Apr. I). 

St. Walburgis, or 
Walburga, of Swabia 

V. Abs. 779 (Feb. 25). Oil 
exuding from her tomb. 
{Bavaria Pia.) Oil flasks, or 
three ears of com. {Ikon.) 
Three flasks on a book, an 
angel bringing her a fourth. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Oil dropping 
from her hand. {Husenbeih. 
On the seashore ; oil flask on a 
book ; her hand raised towards 
a departing ship. {Burgmaier.) 
Small vial. {St. Columba's Ch., 
Cologne.) Five ears of com.) 
{Der Hey I. Leb.) Crowned ; 
book in left hand, palm in right. 
{Convent seal, Eichstadt.) Seated 
at convent door, reading. {Bilder 
Legende.) KneeKng before the 

B. Sacrament. {Attrib. der Heil.) 
Church in her hand. {Old 
engraving.) Oil flask on a book. 
{Fames Ch., Belgium.) Butler, 
Henschenius, Bede, Benedictine 
Kalendar. 

St. Waldetrude. See 
St. Waltrudis 

(Apr. 9). 

St. Waldus. See 
St. Gaud 

(Jan. 31). 

St. Walfrid of Tuscany 

Ab. c. 765 (Apr. 17). A native 
of Pisa who foimded and be- 
came first Abbot of the Monas- 
tery of Monte Virido, near 
Volterra. Wyon, Menardus, 
Ferrarius (on above date) ; Bene- 
dictine Kalendar (on Feb. 15). 

St. Walfroy Stylites 

C. 594 (n.d.) Living on a 
pillar. (Cahier.) 

St. Walftrudis. See 
St. Wilfreda 

(Sept. 9). 

184 



St. Walhere of Hainault 

P.M. N.D. (June 23). Bom at 
Bouvines, near Dinant, on the 
Meuse, he became Archdeacon 
of Onhaye, and was murdered 
by his nephew, the parish priest 
of Hastiere, who beat out his 
brains with an oar in a boat. 
Saussaye, Belg. Marts. 

St. Wallen. See 
St. Waltheof 

(Aug. 3). 

St. Walovay. See 
St. Winwaloe 

(Mar. 3). 

St. WalstanoflSTorfolk 

C. 1016 (May 30). Crowned in 
royal robes, holding a scythe 
and styled " Opifer." {Screen, 
Burlington St. Andrew.) Crowned 
with scythe. {Statue, Gressford 
Ch., Denbighshire.) Leaning on 
a straight staff with a scythe 
blade tied to it. {Formerly in 
St. James Ch., Norwich.) Scythe 
and sceptre. {Screen, Ludham.) 
Ibid., two calves below him. 
{Screens, Barnham Broom and 
Spar ham.) As the last ; with 
an ermine cape. {Church chest, 
Denton.) Butler, Capgrave, 
Blomfield. 

St. Walter of Ancona 

Ab. 13th cent. (June 4). A 
Roman by birth, he founded 
and became first Abbot of the 
Monastery of San ServiHano 
in the diocese of Fermo. Relics 
in St. Mark's Ch., San Serviliano. 
Butler, Papebroke. 

St. Walter of JSTormandy 

Ab. c. 1 150 (June 4). An English 
monk who became the thMy- 
fourth Abbot of FonteneUe. 
He was the fortieth saint of that 
house. Butler, Chatelain. 

St. Walter of Picardy 

Ab. 1099 (Apr. 8). A native 
of Picardy, he entered the Bene- 
dictine monastery at Rebais, 
in the diocese of Meaux, and 
was made Abbot of St. Germain's 
at Pontoise. Butler, Bollandists, 
Henschenius, Gall. Mart. 

Bl. Walter van 
Bierbeeke of Belgium 

Mk. c. 1220 (Jan. 22). A knight 
of noble birth, related to Henry, 
Duke of Louvain. Returning 
from the Crasades, he entered 
the Cistercian monastery of 
Hemmerode, where he died. 
Baring-Gould. 

St. Waltheof, or 
Walthen, of Scotland 

Ab. C. c. 1160 (Aug. 3). Cister- 
cian restoring a blind man to 
sight. {Husenbeth.) Kneding 
at a block at sunrise. {Ibid^, 
St. Gangericus (?) appearing to 
him. {Cahier.) Our Infant 
Saviour in his hands at the 



Saints and their Emblems 



elevation of the Host. {lUci) 
Butler, Bollandists, Dempster, 
Ang. Kalendars. 

St. Waltrudis of Mons 

W. Abs. 686 (Apr. 9). Ofiering 
her husband a crucifix and 
refusing a crown of roses. 
{Bavaria Pia.) Abbess protect- 
ing children under her mantle. 
{Old engraving.) Ransoming 
captives. {Cahier.) Church in 
her hand. {Ibid.) Butler, 
Mabillon, Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Wandregislus. See 
St. Yandrille 

(July 22). 

St. Wasnulf, or Wasnon, 
of Conde 

C. 651 (Oct. i). A Scottish 
priest invited by Count Vincent 
of Hainault to conduct a mission 
in the Netherlands. He died 
and was buried at Conde. 
Butler, Molanus, Bollandists. 

St. Wast or Wat. See 
St. Yedast 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Waudru. See 
St. Waltrudis 

(Apr. 9). 

St. Wenceslas of 
Bohemia 

K.M. 938 (Sept. 28). Trampling 
on fire. {Antechap., Mag. Coll., 
Oxon.) Plumed hat, sword and 
alms bag, cripple kneeling at his 
feet. {Window, Stoke Pogis Ch.) 
Warrior in armour with a 
standard. {Vienna Gal., J. 
da Modena.) His coffin borne 
in the air by angels. {Cahier.) 
Two angels carrjring a golden 
cross before him. {Ibid.) 
Radislas kneeUng asking his 
pardon, angel appearing above. 
{Callot.) King in armour ; 
white eagle on a red banner. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Reaping com 
for altar bread. {Callot.) Stand- 
ing for a child at the font. 
{Burgmaier.) Carrying or ac- 
companying a shrine. {Cahier.) 
Butler, Suysken, Rom. Mart. 

St. Wendelin of Treves 

H. 1015 (Oct. 21). Keeping 
sheep ; dog at his feet. {Bilder 
Legende.) Keeping sheep ; dog 
in a leash. {Der Heyl. Leb.) 
KneeUng at a shrine with beads ; 
dog at his feet. {Husenbeth.) 
Oxen near him ; dog at his 
feet. {Burgmaier.) Ger. Marts. 

St. Weonard 

H. Holding closed book and 
axe. {Window, St. Weonard' s, 
Hereford.) 

St. Werburga of Chester 

V. Abs. 699 (Feb. 3). Holding 
a veiled pastoral staff and 
church ; crown at her feet. 
(fingraving.) Butler, Bede, 
Leland, Ang. Mart, 



St. Werenfrid of 
Holland 

P.C. c. 760 (Nov. 7). A ship 
with a coifin in it in his hand. 
{Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, Surius, 
Mabillon, Bollandists. 

St. Werner of 
Oberwesel-on-Rhine 

Ch.M. 1287 (Apr. 19). A 
peasant boy martjnred by the 
Jews. {Ikon.) Carrying a hod. 
{Cahier.) Baring-Gould. Vener- 
ated in the diocese of Treves. 

St. White. See 
St. Candida 

(Sept. 20). 

St. Wigbert of Hesse- 
Cassel 

Ab. C. 747 (Aug. 13). An 
EngUsh monk who accompanied 
St. Boniface on his mission into 
Germany, and was made by him 
Abbot of the monasteries of 
Fritzlar and Ortdorf in Hesse- 
Cassel, posts he resigned before 
his death. Butler, Mabillon, 
Solier. 

St. Wigterp of Bavaria 

c. 654 (Apr. 18). Bishop of 
Augsburg. 

St. Wilfreda of Wilton 

Abs. loth cent. (Sept. 9). 
Wife of K. Edgar and mother 
of St. Edith of Wilton (Sept. 18), 
after whose birth she retired 
to Wilton, where she received 
the veU from Ethelwold, Bishop 
of Winchester. Wilson, Usuardus, 
Wm. of Malmesbury (on above 
dat^ ; Menardus and Bucdinus 
(on Sept. 13). 

St. Wilfrid of York 

Abp. 709 (Oct. 12). Holding 
ship and archiepiscopal staff. 
(Engraving.) Baptizing pagans. 
{Icon. Sanct.) Baptizing pagans ; 
idols broken before him. 
{Masculi Encomia Coelituum.) 
Archbishop holding a book, 
ruined tower behind him. 
{Baring-Gould.) A shield beating 
azure, three estoiles or. {Ibid.) 
Butler, Bede, Mabillon; York 
and Hereford Breviaries; Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Wilganus. See 
St. Yulganus 

(Nov. 2). 

St. Wilgefortis of 
Portugal 

V.M. N.D. (July 20). With long 
tresses of hair and a beard, 
holding T-cross. {Henry VII. 
Chapel, Westminster.) Crucified 
with ropes, red robe tied roimd 
her ankles, mantle extended ; 
with a beard obtained by prayer 
for protection of her chastity. 
{Roodscreen, Wor stead.) Cruci- 
fied with ropes, blue robe ; 
mantle and beard as above. 
{MS. Hours.) Nailed to a cross, 

135 



crowned, without a beard. Rom., 
Span., Port., Belg., Gall and 
Ger. Marts. 

St. Willbetta 

V. Companion of St. Einbetta 
(Sept. 16), q.v. 

St. Willebold of 
Berkheim 

Ct. C. 1230 (Nov. 2). Pilgrim 
with staff treading on a dragon. 
{His shrine at Berkheim.) 
Venerated in the diocese of 
Constance. 

St. Willebrord of 
Utrecht 

Abp. 739 (Nov. 7). Placing 
the foot of his cross in a barrel. 
{Lambrecht.) Water cask near 
him. {Attrib. der Heil.) Baptiz- 
ing Pepin. {Gueffier.) Crescent 
on his breast. {Cahier.) Carry- 
ing a child on his shoulders. 
{Ibid.) Archbishop holding a 
model of the Church of Utrecht ; 
barrel of wine and fountain 
of water at his feet. {Baring- 
Gould.) Usuardus, Ado, Bede, 
Hrabanus, Bene, and Rom. 
Marts. 

St. Willehad, or Wil- 
head, of Bremen 

B. 789 (Nov. 8). Overturning 
idols. {Attrib. der Heil.) Butler, 
Mabillon, Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Willferder. See 
St. Wilfrid 

(Oct. 12). 

St. William of Aquitaine 

Mk. H. 812 (May 28). Wearing 
a coat of mail. {Callot.) Receiv- 
ing the habit from St. Benedict 
of Anian (Feb. 12). {Guercino, 
Bologna Acad.) Monk's habit 
over chain mail, chains on his 
shoulders ; holding book and 
staff, weapons at his feet. 
{XVI. cent, window.) 

St William of Bourges 

Abp. 1209 (Jan. 10). Prajdng 
before the B. Sacrament. 
{Gueffier.) Holding a mon- 
strance ; tears on his cheeks. 
{Baring-Gould.) Butler, Le 
Nain, Bollandus, Surius, Gall. 
Mart. 

St. William of Eskille 

Ab. C. 1203 (Apr. 6). A flaming 
torch on his grave. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) St. Genevieve appear- 
ing to him. {Colum. milit. 
Eccl.) Holding model of a 
church. {Old engraving.) Butler, 
Surius, Papebroke. 

St. William of Meleval 
in Italy 

H. 1157 (Feb. 10). Founder of 
the Order of Guhelmites. Bene- 
dictine with armour near him 
and sword in his hand. {Ikon.) 
Shield near him, with four 
fleurs-de-lis. {Old engraving.) 
Hermit in coat of mail and 



Saints and their Emblems 



chains bearing a cross staff, one 
arm ending in a crescent. (Burg- 
maier.) Butler, Helyot, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. William of Monte 
Yirgine 

Ab. 1142 (June 25). Fotmder 
of the Order of the Congregation 
of Monte Virgine. A wolf at 
his side. (Attrih. der Heil.) 
Praying before image of the 
B.V. Mary and Holy Child. 
(Colum. milit. Eccl.) Trowel 
in one hand, lily and passion 
flower in the other ; wolf 
following him with panniers of 
stones. {Old fainting.) Butler, 
Helyot, Papebroke, Rom. Mart. 

St. William of 
Montpellier 

C. N.D. Lily growing out of his 
mouth in his grave, Ave Maria 
in gold upon it. {Chris. Kunst.) 

St. William Firmatus of 
Mortain 

P.H. 1090 (Apr. 24). Burning 
his arm in a fire. {Attrih. der 
Heil.) Raven guiding him to 
the Holy Land. {Ibid.) A ring. 
{Chris. Kunst.) 

St. William of 
Normandy 

1237 (July 29). Bishop of St. 
Brieuc. 

St. William Longsword 
of Normandy 

Kr. M. 943 Pec. 17). Son 
of Rollo, Duke of Normandy, 
he was murdered on an island 
in the river at Pecquigny by 
Amulf , Count of Flanders. Gall. 
Mart. Venerated at Rouen. 

St. William of Norwich 

Ch.M. 1144 (Mar. 24). Child 
crucified. {Arbor Past.) Child 
crowned with thorns, holding 
two naUs, knife in his left side. 
{Roodscreen, W or stead.) Child 
bound to two posts, one foot 
nailed, Jews mocking him, one 
stabbing his left side and catch- 
ing blood in bowl. {Screen, 
Loddon.) Three nails in his 
head and three in his right hand ; 
hammer in his left. {Formerly 
at St. John's, Norwich.) Large 
cross held in his right arm, 
three nails in left hand, bleeding 
wounds in his hands and feet. 
{Roodscreen, Eye, Suffolk.) But- 
ler, C af grave, Ang. Marts. 

St. William de Cellone 
of Orange 

Ct. Benedictine habit, book 
with a casque on it, red dragon 
by him. {XVI. cent, window, 
Montmorency.) 

St. William Tern pier of 
Poitou 

1197 (Mar. 27). Bishop of 
Poitiers, 



St. William of 
Rochester 

M. Early 12th cent. (May 23). 
A baker of Perth who, returning 
from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, 
was murdered with a hatchet 
at Rochester by his companion, 
a foundhng whom he had be- 
friended. Capgrave, Ang. Marts. 

St. William of Roskilde 

B. 1067 (Sept. 2). An English- 
man, chaplain to King Canute, 
sent by him to Denmark, 
where he became Bishop of 
Roskilde. Butler, Danish 
Kalendars. 

St. William the Lion of 
Scotland 

1204 (n.d.) Old man with long 
beard and rough coat, chains 
round his arms and waist, lion's 
head-skin for a helmet ; long 
staff in his left hand, clasped 
book in right. {Painting, Convent 
of Trin. Friars, Aberdeen.) 

St. William of York 

Abp. C. 1154 (June 8). White 
chasuble, green dalmatic, with 
archiepiscopal staff. {Window, 
Morley, Derby.) Archiepiscopal 
cross. {Window, N. Tuddenham ; 
Roodscreen, Wolborough.) Shield 
with eight lozenges. {Mural 
painting, St. Alban's.) Butler, 
Papebroke, Drake's History of 
York. 

St. Willibald of 
Eichstadt 

B. c. 786 (July 7). Bishop 
directing the building of a 
church. {Der Heyl. Leb.) Re- 
ceiving grant of land from a 
king to build a monastery. 
{Bavaria Pia.) The words, Spes, 
Fides, Charitas, on his breast. 
{Ikon.) A broken glass. {Attrib. 
der Heil.) Crosier and pilgrim's 
staff. {Lives of Saints, Oxford.) 
Woodman before him felling 
a tree. {Burgmaier.) Throwing 
a paper into a fire. {Cahier^ 
Butler, Mabillon, Bollandists. 

St. Willigis 

B.C. ion (n.d.) a white 
wheel on a red groimd. {Ikon.) 
Holding a church. {Cahier.) 

St. Wilmer. See 
St. Yulmar 

(July 20). 

St. Winebald of 
Heidenheim 

Ab.C. 760 pec. 18). Seated, 
trowel in his hand, a church 
building near him. {JBurgmaier. ) 
Crosier and pilgrim's staff. 
{Lives of Saints, Oxford.) Butler, 
Mabillon. 



St. Winfred. 
St. Boniface 



See 



(June 5). 



St. Winifortis. See 
St. Gunifortis 

(Aug. 22). 

St. Winifred of 
Holywell 

V.M. 7th cent. (Nov. 3). Book 
and paJm, a head at her feet. 
{Statuary, Hen. VII. Chap.) 
Carrying her head cut off. 
{Holywell Chapel.) Beheaded 
before an altar. {Cahier.) 
Carrying her head and a sword ; 
stream at her feet. {Engraving.) 
Butler, Baronius, A Iford ; Sarum 
and Hereford Kalendars, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Winin. See 
St. Finian 

(Sept. 10). 

St. Winnoc of Flanders 

Ab. 717 (Nov. 6). Of royal 
birth, he left Brittany in his 
youth, with three companions, 
and crossed over into Cornwall, 
later placing himself under St. 
Bertinus (Sept. 5), who sent 
him to found a monastery in 
French Flanders, where he died, 
atWormhout. ReUcsatBergues. 
Rom., Gall., Belg. and Bene. 
Marts. Venerated at Bergues. 

St. Winock of Scotland 

B.C. c. 838 (Apr. 13). A prom- 
inent churchman and adviser 
to King Kermeth II. Butler, 
Adam King, Henschenius, Aber- 
deen Breviary. 

St. Winwaloe of 

Landeveneek 

(Brittany) 

Ab. 6th cent. (Mar. 3). Carried 
from the altar by his disciples. 
{Cahier.) Making signals of 
approaching fleet of pirates. 
{Ibid.) Bell, fishes coming up 
at its sound. {Acta Sanct.) 
Standing by the sea ; children 
behind him. {Old engraving.) 
Robbers arrested while he prays. 
{Cahier.) Praying whilst armies 
are engaged. {Ibid.) Church on 
his shoulder. {Roodscreen, Portle- 
mouth.) Butler, Bollandus, Hen- 
schenius, Baillet, Lobineau. 

St. Wiro of Roermund 

B. 7th cent. (May 8). An Irish- 
man, ordained Bishop at Rome, 
who obtained a grant of land 
from Pepin of Herstal, on which 
he bviilt a cell, where he died. 
His reUcs were translated to 
Roermund in 1341. Butler, Bol- 
landists, Rom. and Belg. Marts. 

St. Wistan of Mercia 

K.M. 849 (June i). Son of 
Wimund and grandson of 
Witlaf, King of Mercia, he 
inherited the crown whilst yet a 
child, and was murdered by his 
uncle, Bertulf, at Wistanstow. 
Butler, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Capgrave, Ang. Marts, 



im 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Wistremund 

Mk. M. Companion of St. Peter 
(June 7), q.v. 

St. Witen. See 
St. Guido 

(Mar. 31). 

St. Withburga of 
Dereham 

V. 743 (Mar 17 and July 8). 
Church in her hand. {Roodscreen, 
Barnham Broom.) Church in- 
scribed Ecclia de Estderham in 
her hand, two does at her feet. 
[Screen, Burlingham St. A ndrew. ) 
Crowned, with crosier and book. 
(Screen, Ranworth.) Butler, 
Leland, Ely Chronicle. 

St. Wivina 

Abs. 1170 (n.d.) Holding a 
book and taper lighted by an 
angel. {Cahier.) 

St. Wolbod of Belgium 

1021 (Apr. 21). Bishop of Liege. 

St. Woolo. See 
St. Gwynlliw 
St. Wolfgang of 
Ratisbon 

B. 994 (Oct. 13). Church in 
his hand. {Bilder Legende.) 
By his side. (Ikon.) Holding 
a hatchet. [Attrih. der Heil.) 
Church and hatchet. [Burgmaier, 
Molanus.) Tormented by devils. 
(Cahier. ) ChUd near him holding 
an imperial crown. (Ibid.) 
Striking a fountain from the 
ground with his crosier. (Ibid.) 
Young Emperor with the words 
Post Sex above him. (Attrib. 
der Heil.) Butler, Mabillon, 
Rom. and Ger. Marts. 

St. Wolstan. See 
St. Wulstan 

(Jan. 19). 

SS. Wulfhad and Rufin, 
of Staffordshire 

MM. c. 638 (July 24). Sons of 
Wulfhere, King of Mercia, and 
brothers of St. Werburga 
(Feb. 3), they are said to have 
been murdered by their father 
at the cell of St. Chad. Butler, 
Leland, Cuper, Ang. Mart. 

St. Wulfhilde of 
Barking 

V. Abs. c. 990 (Dec. 9). On her 
refusal to marry King Edgar he 
nominated her Abbess of Bark- 
ing, upon which nunnery she 
settled twenty of her villages. 
She also founded the monastery 
of Horton in Dorsetshire. Butler, 
Capgrave, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
John of Tynemouth. 

St. Wulfram of Sens 

Abp. 720 (Mar. 20). A young 
king (or prince, possibly the 
son of King Radbod of Fries- 
land) near him. (Attrib. der 
Heil.) Baptizing the son of 



King Radbod. (Gueffler.) 
Usuardus, Wyon, Rom. and 
Gall. Marts. 

St. Wulfric of Dorset 

P.H. 1154 (Feb. 20). Bom at 
Lenton, near Bristol, he entered 
Holy Orders, and later retired 
to a ceU at Hasebury, in Dorset, 
where he died. Wilson, Bene- 
dictine Kalendar. 

St. Wulfrida or 
Wulfruda. See 
St. Wilfreda 

(Sept. 9). 

St. Wulgan. See 
St. Vulganus 

(Nov. 2). 

St. Wulmar. See 
St. Vulmar 

(July 20). 

St. Wulphlag of Picardy 

P.H. 7th cent. (June 7). A 
native of Ponthieu, married, 
with three daughters, who after 
a pilgrimage to Jerusalem went 
into seclusion as a hermit at 
Regnie I'Ecluse, where he died. 
Relics at St. Sauve, at Montreuil, 
sur-Mer. Gall. Marts. Vener- 
ated in the diocese of Amiens. 

St. Wulpurgis. See 
St. Walburgis 

(Feb. 25). 

St. Wulsin of Sherborne 

B.C. d. 973 (Jan. 8). Made 
Abbot of St. Peter's at West- 
minster by St. Dunstan, and 
later advanced to the bishopric 
of Sherborne. Butler, Capgrave, 
Harpsfield, Matthew of West- 
minster, Wm. of Malmesbury, 
Ang. and Bene. Marts. 

St. Wulstan of 
Worcester 

B.C. 1095 (Jan. 19). Handing 
a scroU with large seal to St. 
Aldhelm. (XV. cent, window, 
Malvern Priory.) Fixing his 
crosier in St. Edmund's tomb ; 
devil behind him with hook. 
(Lives of Saints, Porter.) Heal- 
ing a bUnd man. (Cahier.) 
Butler. Capgrave, Wm. of 
Malmesbury, Florence of Wor- 
cester, Ang., Rom. and Ger. 
Marts. 

St. Wulvella of Cornwall 

V. N.D. Crowned, holding 
abbess's staff. (Window, 

Laneast Ch.) 

St. Wunebald. See 
St. Willibald 

(July 7)- 
St. Wyden. See 
St. Guido 

(Sept. 12). 

St. Wymer. See 
St, Gwymer 

(Oct. 27). 

18T 



St. Xena 

Abs. 5th cent. (Jan. 24). Cross 
of stars over her dead body. 
(Cahier.) 

St. Xistus. See 
St. Sixtus 

(Apr. 6). 

St. Xystus. See 
St. Sixtus III. 

(Mar. 28). 

St. Yacintha. See 
St. Hyacintha 

(Jan. 30). 

St. Yarcard of Scotland 

B. c. 450 (Aug. 24). A native 
of Kincardine, ordained by St. 
Teman, Bishop of the Picts, 
about the reign of Malcolm I. 
The Aberdeen Breviary states 
that he visited Rome and re- 
ceived the benediction of Pope 
Gregory I., an obvious ana- 
chronism. Dempster, Cuper, 
Butler, Aberdeen Breviary. 

St. Ytha of Ireland 

V. Abs. 569 (Jan. 15). Bom 
at Nandesi, co. Waterford, of 
noble family, she foimded a 
religious house at the foot of 
Mount Luach, Limerick. 5m/- 
ler, Bollandus, Colgan. 

St. Ywi of Wilton 

D. Late 7th cent. (Oct. 6), 
Son of a British chief and an 
English mother, he was edu- 
cated near Lindisfame and 
ordained by St. Cuthbert. 
Going on a pilgrimage to the 
shrines of the saints in Brittany, 
he fell Ul, and died on landing. 
His body was sent back to 
England and buried at Wilton, 
near Salisbury. Wilson, Cap- 
grave, Saussaye, Menardus, etc. 

St. Yvo of Treguier 

1335 (May 22). Giving alms 
to the poor. (Cahier.) Elevating 
the Sacred Host, appearing in 
flames. (Old engraving.) A cat. 
(Baring-Gould.) Butler, Pape- 
broke, Lobineau, Rom. Mart. 

St. Zabdas, or Zambdas, 
of Jerusalem 

B. 304 (Feb. 19). Mentioned 
by Eusebius as a Bishop of 
Jerusalem. He is said to have 
baptized a portion of the Thebsm 
legion. Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

St. Zachaeus of 
Jerusalem 

B. c. Ill ((Aug. 23). Described 
by Eusebius as fourth Bishop 
of Jerusalem. He is sometimes 
identified with the Zacchaeus 
who climbed a tree to see Our 
Lord go by. Ado, Usuardus, 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Zachaeus 

D.M. Companion of St. 
Romanus (Nov. 18), q.v. 



Saints and their Emblems 



St. Zacharias of 
Jerusalem 

Patr. 631 (Feb. 21). He is 
said to have carried the true 
cross to Persia during the con- 
quest of Constantinople by 
Chosroes, and to have returned 
with it in 629. Gh. Men. 

St. Zacharias of Kome 

Pope. 752 (Mar. 15). A Greek 
by birth, he was ordained priest 
at Rome, where he succeeded 
Pope Gregory III. in 941. By 
his efforts peace was concluded 
with the Lombards, besieging 
Rome at the time of his acces- 
sion to the Holy See, and shortly 
after his death Pepin was 
crowned King of France. AAo, 
Maurolycus, Notker, Molanus, 
Butler, Fleury, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Zacharias and 
Ehzabeth 

1st cent. (Nov. 5). The parents 
of St. John the Baptist. St. 
Zacharias holding a lighted 
taper. (Stalls, Windsor.) Gospel 
of Si. Luke, Rom. Mart. 

St. Zawster. See 
St. Yedast 

(Feb. 6). 

St. Ze. See St. Etto 

(July 10). 

St. Zebinas and Com- 
panions, of Syria 

HH. 5th cent. "(Feb. 23). St. 
Zebinas, a hermit in Sjma, and 
three of his disciples mentioned 
by Theodoret for the austerity 
of their discipline. Theodoret, 
Gk. Men. 

St. Zebinas 

M. Companion of St. Antoninus 
(Nov. 13), q.v. 

Bl. Zegherus Insulensis 

C. O.P. N.D. Holding up an 
arm. (Lib. Sand. Belgii, Wood- 
chester.) 

SS. Zenaida and 
Philonilla, of Tarsus 

RR. ist cent. (Oct. 11). St. 
Zenaida with a nail or thorn 
in her foot. (Chris. Kunst.) 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Zenas 

1st cent. (Sept. 25 and Apr. 17). 
A lawyer and disciple of St. 
Paul mentioned in the Epistle 
to Titus (iii. 13). Gk. Men. 

St. Zenas 

M. Companion of St. Zeno 
(June 23), q,v. 

St. Zeno 

M. N.D. Reproaching an 
emperor for worshipping Ceres. 
(Icon. Sanct.) Stone in his 
hand. (Weyen.) Holding fish- 
hooks.* (Ihid.) 

* Probably by confusion with St. 
Zeno of Verona (Apr. 12). 



St. Zeno of Nicomedia 

M. 304 (Dec. 22). Holding a 
book of the Gospels. (IX. cent, 
mosaic, St. Praxedes, Rome.) 

St. Zeno of Syria 

Mk. H. c. 419 (Feb. 10). A 
hermit mentioned by Theodoret 
as living in an old rock-cut 
tomb near Antioch. Theodoret. 

St. Zeno of Yerona 

B.C. 380 (Apr. 12). Fishing 
rod and line, and with a fish. 
(His church, Verona.) Fish at 
end of his crosier. ''■' (Morando and 
Liherale of Verona.) Fishing. 
(Cat. Sanct.) Exorcising a 
possessed woman. (Hid.) But- 
ler, Rom. Mart. 

SS. Zeno and Con- 
cordius, of Nicomedia 

MM. 362 (Sept. 2). St Zeno 
and his two sons, Concordius 
and Theodore, with Patemus, 
a tribune, his wife Theodota, 
with seventy-nine companions, 
are said by their Acts to have 
suffered at Nicomedia under 
the apostate Julian. The Acts 
are apocryphal. Rom. Mart. 

SS. Zeno and Zenas, 
of Arabia 

MM. 304 (June 23). St. Zeno, 
a soldier in Arabia, desiring 
martyrdom, confessed himself 
a Christian before a magistrate. 
Zenas, his servant, followed him 
and kissed his chains, and the 
two were executed together. 
Baronius, Gk. Men. 

St. Zeno 

M. Companion of St. Ammon 
(Dec. 20), q.v. 

St. Zeno 

M. Companion of St. Eudoxius 
(Sept. 5), q.v. 

St. Zeno 

M. Companion of St. Eusebius 
(Sept. 8), q.v. 

St. Zeno 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Zenobius of 
Florence 

B.C. (May 25 and Oct. 20). 
Raising a child to life. (His 
shrine, by Ghiberti.) Casting out 
devils. (Old engraving.) Tree 
coming into leaf as his relics 
are carried by. (Cahier.) Butler; 
Rom. Mart. 

St. Zenobius 

M. Companion of St. Tyrarmio 
(Feb. 20), q.v. 

St. Zephyrinus of 
Rome 

Pope. 219 (Aug. 26). Holding 
a monstrance with the B. 
Sacrament. (Weyen.) Bede, 
Eusebius, Rom. Mart. 

188 



St. Zita. See St. Sitha 

(Apr. 27). 

St. Zoe of Rome 

M. c. 286 (July 5). Burnt to 
death. (Callot.) Himg by her 
hair to a tree over smoke. 
(Gueffier.) Mod. Rom. Mart. 

St. Zoe 

M. Companion of St. Hesperus 
(May 2), q.v. 

St. Zoilus and Com- 
panions, of Cordova 

MM. c. 350 (June 27). Tortured 
and beheaded with twenty-nine 
companions in the persecution 
of Diocletian. Rom. and Span. 
Marts. 

SS. Zosimus, H., and 
Athanasius, of Cilicia 

MM. c. 290 (Jan. 3). They 
suffered under Diocletian in 
Cilicia. St. Zosimus, a hermit, 
had his ears cut off and was 
plunged into a cauldron of 
molten lead, after which he 
converted and baptized Athan- 
asius, and then died in his cell. 
Gk. Men., Rom. Mart. 

St. Zosimus of Rome 

Pope. 418 (Dec. 26). A Greek 
by birth and successor to Pope 
Innocent I. Baring-Gould, Rom. 
Mart. 

St. Zosimus of 
Syracuse 

B. c. 660 (Mar. 30). With 
beggars about him. (Ikon.) 
Butler, Baillet, Gk. Men. 

St. Zosimus 

Ab. c. 440 Companion of St. 
Mary of Egypt (Apr. 2), q.v. 
Bringing the B. Sacrament to 
St. Mary of Egypt. (Window, 
Cossey Hall.) 

St. Zosimus 

M. Companion of St Rufus. 
pec. 18), q.v. 

St. Zoticus of Cumana 
in Cappadocia 

B.M. c. 204 (July 21). Described 
by Eusebius as a strenuous 
opponent of the Montane heresy 
mart3Ted in the persecution of 
Severus. Butler, Eusebius. 

St. Zoticus 

M. Companion of St. Macrobius 
(Sept. 13), q.v. 

St. Zoticus 

M. Companion of St. Victor 
(Apr. 20), q.v. 

St. Zuirard 

H. c. 1020 (N.D.). Seated in a 
hoUow tree covered with thorns. 
(Ikon.) 

St. Zuwarda. See 
St. Sura 

(June 8). 



II 



SECOND PART OF THE DICTIONARY 



Abbess 

in black habit, under royal robes 

in blue habit, holding staff and book 

crowned, holding pabn and book 

crowned, holding staff . 

holding a lamb 

holding lamb, lily and book 

the Holy Ghost bringing her a veil 

with staff and book, crown at feet 

with staff and church . 

standing behind her brother St. Bernard 

walking on water assisted by an angel 

Acolyte 

with tiara on book, near him 
with two acoljrtes beside him 

Agnus Dei 

in her arms 

in his lap 

on a book in his hands 

Alms 

giving alms to the poor 



St. Etheldreda. Q. (Oct. 17.) 

— Scholastica. V. (Feb. 10.) 

— Mabena. V. (n.d.) 

— Wulvella. V. (n.d.) 

— Agnes of Assisi. V. (Nov. 16.) 

— Agnes of Monte Pulciano. (Apr. 20.) 

— Aldegund. V. (Jan. 30.) 

— Ermenilda. Q. (Feb. 13.) 

— Elfleda. V. (Feb. 8.) 

— Humbeline. V. (n.d.) 

— Aldegund. V. (Jan. 30.) 



— Clement. 

— Visorio. 



Pope. M. 
M. (n.d.) 



(Nov. 23.) 



— Joanna. Q. (May 24.) 

— John Baptist. (Jime 24.) 
lUd. 



St 



2.) 



giving alms to poor cripples 

to a kneeling beggar 

to three maidens, through a window 

Alms Bag 

and sword 

Alms Box 

hung to his neck 

Altar 

before altar of B. V. Mary; angels supporting child 

on ladder 
beheaded at an altar . 



carried by his disciples 

dead before an altar 

at an altar, dove at his ear 

dying on steps of an altar 

at a fiery altar, dove overhead 

his foot on broken pagan altar 

fountain and altar near him 

her hand on an altar . 

king murdering priest at altar, saint near 

kneeling before an altar 



139 



Adalhard. Ab. C. (Jan. 

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Bertulph. Ab. (Feb. 5.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 25.) 

— Homobonus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Medard. B.C. (June 8.) 

— PauHnus. B.C. (June 22.) 

— Thomas. Abp. C. (Sep. 18.) 

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.) 

— Savina. V. (Jan. 30.) 

— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 



— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.) 

— Gohard. B.M. (n.d.) 

— Sarinian. B.M. (n.d.) 

— Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.) 

— Winwaloe. C. (Mar. 3.) 

— Homobonus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Dunstan. Abp. (May 19.) 

— Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.) 

— Lo. B. (Sep. 21.) 

— Victor. (May 8.) 

— Antidius. B. (June 25.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.) 

— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

— MathUda. Q. (Mar. 14.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Altar — continued 

kneeling at an altar, acolyte with crimson book 

with her daughter 

a rope around his neck 

with his wife . 

Ijdng before an altar 

martyred at an altar 



at Mass, showing purgatory beside an altar 
pra3mig before an altar 
saying Mass at a falling altar . 
serpent driven from under altar of Mars 
stabbed in back before an altar 
trampling on an altar . 
trampling on a pagan altar 

Anchor 

in his hand .... 
in his hand, lamb and fountain near . 
floating with anchor round neck 
near him .... 

thrown from ship, anchor round neck . 
and scourge, at her feet 
with an anchor 

Angel 

announcing his approaching death to him 
appearing to saint 



with S. Cecilia near him 

with cross and oUve branch 

at her side, saint prostrate before crucifix 

bearing his head at tomb . < 

beckoning him 

blowing pair of organs in her hand 

bringing him bowl of food 

bringing him bread 

bringing him a chasuble 

bringing him a crosier 

bringing him crosier and mitre 

bringing him a cross 

bringing him a cross (saint on horseback in battle) 

bringing a crown to saint 



bringing him crown and palm . 
bringing him fish 

,, • . • 

bringing him food in prison 
bringing her fruit 
bringing him gold 
bringing him Blessed Sacrament 
bringing him a vestment 
above a cloud, quenching her flaming pile 
bringing her the Blessed Sacrament 
bringing him the Blessed Sacrament . 

giving the Blessed Sacrament to an angel 
consoUng her .... 
conversing with her 
covering her with garments 
in dalmatic, at her side 
defending him against the devil 
drawing them out of water 

driving away evil spirits 
driving oxen, saint pra3dng 
encouraging her i . . . 

exhorting her . . 

140 



St. Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Bertha. W. Abs. (July 4.) 

— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.) 

— Aquilinus. B. (Oct. 19.) 

— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Aureus. B. (June 16.) 

— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.) 

— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.) 

— Stephen. P.M. (Aug. 2.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.) 

— Odila. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Gonerius. H. (n.d.) 

— PhiHp. Ap. M. (May i.) 

— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.) 

— Alexander. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 
Ihii. 

Ibid. 

St. Nicholas. B.C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.) 

— FeUx. Pope. M. (May 30.) 

— Caprais. Ab. (June i.) 

— Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.) 
■ — Pachomius. Ab. (May 14.) 

— Regnier. H. (July 17.) 

— Valernian. M. (Apr. 14.) 

— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.) 

— Mary. R. (June 28.) 

— Martin. B. (n.d.) 

— Gregory. P.M. (Dec. 24.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Gallus. B.C. (Juty I.) 

— Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.) 

— Servatius. B. (May 13.) 

— Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 
-Ulric. (July 4.) 

— ApoUinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Felix. M. (Jan. 14.) 

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 

— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 

— Boniface. Apt. M. (June 5.) 

— Comgall. Ab. (May 10.) 

— Firinus. M. (Aug. 9.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Secundus. M. (Mar. 30.) 

— Amabilis. P.C. (June 11.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 

— Bonaventura B.C.Dr. (July 14.) 

— Mark. H. (Mar. 29.) 

— Maglorius. B.C. (Oct. 24.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Rejmolfa. R. (n.d.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.) 

— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Faustinus and Companions. MM. 
. (Feb. 15.) 

— Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.) 

— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.) 

— Alena. V.M. (June 17.) 

— Victoria. M. (Dec. 23.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Angel — continued 

extinguishing her funeral pile . 

feeding her dpng child in desert 

feeding him in prison . 

freeing him from stripes 

giving her basket of flowers 

giving him gold 

giving her a monstrance 

giving him a sword 

handing him two tablets from cloud 

heaUng his wounds 

helping him make a jewelled cross 

holding his crosier, saint writing 

holding crown over him 

holding her crown and crown of thorns 

holding his inkstand 

leading her on water , 

leading monks up ladder near him 

lighting her candle, devil blowing it 

lighting lantern, devil fleeing . 

near him 

near him with bottle . 

on horseback attending her 

opening a church door at night 

near her, pra3dng over martyrs 

pla5dng an organ, saint singing 

playing to him 

presenting lily . 

presenting model of Modena 

presenting a pyx 

receiving his soul 

removing his chains 

removing his fetters 

saving hun from drowning 

showing him a desert 

steering his boat 

(the symbol of S. Matthew) at side 

touchmg monks with rod 

veiling her 

visiting them in prison 

with fish on a plate near him 

with his eyes, in a cloth 

with open book ; lily at his side 

with scroll " Eris in pesto pair onus " 

with shield (fleur-de-lis) at her side 

Angels 

appearing to him 

>> • 

before him 
bringing him crown 
bringing mitre and pallium 
bringing the Viaticum . 
cooking his food 
covering her with their hair 
defended by two angels 
extinguishing flames of burning city 
fed by angels on an island 
feeding him 

holding monstrance before saint (in Trinitarian habit) 
holding three crowns over his head 
near him 
round her 

taking his soul to heaven 
two, beside him 
two, carr3dng him to altar 
two, carrying him over river 
two, giving him the Blessed Sacrament 
two, one with the Blessed Sacrament, the other with 

chalice and crosier ..... 
two, one with open book, the other with three loaves on 

a dish .... 

two, supporting a child on ladder near her 
two, supporting her 

141 



St. Charitina. V.M. (Oct. 5.) 

— EUzabeth. W. (Nov. 5.) 

— Concord. P.M. (Jan. 2.) 

— Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 

— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Monica. W. (May 4.) 

— Mercurius. M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Cyril. C. (n.d.) 

— Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.) 



— Bernward. 

— Bernard. 

— Dionysius. 

— Catherine. 

— Matthew. 

— Aldegimd, 

— Bernard. 

— Genevieve 

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 

— Vulganus. B.C. (Nov, 



B. (Nov. 26.) 
Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

V. (Apr. 30.) 
Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

V. Abs. (Jan. 30.) 
C. (Aug. 21.) 

V. (Jan. 3.) 



2.) 



— Leontius. M. (n.d.) 

— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Jan. 4.) 

— Serapia. V.M. (Sep. 3.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Amabilis. P.C. (Jime 11.) 

— Lidwyna. V. (Apr. 14.) 

— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Henry. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Dismas. (Mar. 25.) 

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— Anthimius. M. (Apr. 27.) 

— Gomer. (Oct. 11.) 

— Florentius. Ap. C. (n.d.) 

— Ambrose. B.C.D. 

— Achard. Ab. (Sep. 15.) 

— Menna. V.R. (Oct. 3.) 

— Primus and Comps. MM. (June 9.) 

— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.) 

— Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.) 

— Phihp. P.C. (May 26.) 

— Clothilda. Q. (June 3.) 



Fursey. Ab, 
Sevennus. P. 
Dimstan. Abp 
Francis. S.J. 
Nicholas. Abp, 
Mechtildas. V. 
Didacus. C. 
Agnes. V.M. 
Ladislas. K. 
Caesarius. B. 



C. (Jan. 16.) 
Ap. (Jan. 8.) 

(May 19.) 
(Dec. 3.) 
C. (Dec. 6.) 
Abs. (Apr. 10.) 
(Nov. 13.) 
(Jan. 21.) 
(June 27.) 
(Aug. 27.) 



• Adelric. C. (n.d.) 
Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.) 

■ Michael. C. (May 23.) 

• Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 

■ Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

• Ermelind. V. (Oct. 29.) 

• Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.) 
Silans. B.C. (n.d.) 

■ Peter. C. (Jan. 31.) 

• Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 
Stanilaus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

Ulric. B. (July 4.) 

Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 
BathUd. Q. (Jan. 26.) 
Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Angels — continued 

with him, singing the office .... 

with emblems of the Passion, and Our Saviour, appearing 

to him ...... 

Anvil 

armour, hammer and sword .... 
crown and hanmier on it . 

and forge near him 

near him ...... 

with severed hand on it 

Animals. {8m Beasts) 
Appearing 

angels appearing to him 

appearing in the sky, over a fleet 

appearing to S. Lucian, in a dream 

S. Armand appearing to him . 

S. Bartholomew appearing to him 

S. Cecilia appearing to him 

B.V. Mary appearing to him . 

B.V. Mary and angel with pyx appearing to him 

B.V. Mary at deathbed of saint 

B.V. Mary and Infant Christ appearing to him 



a celestial palace appearing to him 
the Cross appearing at her deathbed . 
the Cross appearing to him 

)> ti ... 

crucifix, and SS. Mary and John appearing to him 
enflamed and winged heart appearing to him 
SS. Francis and Clare appearing to her 
Gangericus appearing to him . 
S. Genevieve appearing to him . 
hell appearing to him . 
The Holy Infant appearing to him 
The Holy Infant in manger appearing to him 



St. Andrew. C. (Nov. lo.) 
— Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24,) 



— Adrian. 

— Eligius. 

— Apelles. 

— Galmier. 

— Adrian. 



M. (Sep. 8.) 
B.C. (Dec. I.) 
H. (N.D.) 

Dn. C. (Feb. 
M. (Sep. 8.) 



27.) 



in the sky, to cavalry . 

S. John Baptist appearing to her 
Our Saviour appearing to her . 



Our Saviour, with angels and s3mibols of the 

appearing to him 
Our Saviour, with an axe, appearing to him 
Our Saviour, with S3mabols of the Passion, appearing 

to her .... 

Our Saviour (with a boy) appearing to Him 
Our Saviour, in a ciborium, appearing to him 
Our Saviour, at Mass, appearing to him 

Our Saviour, as a poor child . 

Our Saviour, in prison 

St. Peter, appearing at his bedside 

St. Peter, or St. Eugenius appearing to him 

St. Simeon beckoning him up a ladder . 

St. Simper tus appearing to him 

St. Thomas of Canterbury appearing to him 

Wisdom and Chastity appearing to him 

St. Wolfgang appearing to him . 

the world in flames appearing to him . 

Apple 

giving it to a blind king .... 

in his hand ...... 

offering an apple to the Holy Infant in His mother's 
arms (saint as a boy). .... 

Apples 

palm, and roses ..... 

three golden apples, in his hand 

142 



Passion 



■ Fursejr. Ab. C. (Jan 16.) 

- Ephysius. M. (Jan 15.) 

- Gamaliel. C. (Aug. 3.) 

- Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

■ Guthlac. P.H. (Apr. 11.) 

■ Paschal. Pope. (May 14.) 
Cyril. Patr. (Jan. a8.) 

• Henry. O.P. (n.d.) 
Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 
Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

■ Emeric. C. (Nov. 4.) 
■Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.) 

■ Rasrmond. C. (Jan. 23.) 
Stephen. Ab. 
Deusdedit. C. 
Hildegardis. V. 
Ephysius. M. 
Geminian. B.C 
Robert. Fdr. 



(Apr. 17.) 
(Aug. 10.) 

Abs. (Sep. 17.) 
(Jan. 15.) 

(Jan. 13.) 
(Feb. 24.) 



• Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.) 

■ Colette. V. Abs. (Mar. 6.) 
Waltheof. Ab. C. (Aug. 3.) 
Wilham. Ab. C. (Apr. 6.) 
Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.) 
Edmund. Abp .C. (Nov. 16.) 

■ Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 
■Silvester. Ab. (n.d.) 

• James. Ap. (July 25.) 
Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.) 

■ Rita. W. (N.D.) 

Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 
Tarsilla. V. (Dec. 24.) 



Ethelbert. K. 
■ Herman. B.C. 



(Feb. 24.) 
(Apr. 7.) 



Bridget. 

Vincent. 

Thomas. 

Gregory. 

Thomas. 

Peter. B.M. 

Theodore. M, 



W. (Oct. 8.) 
C. (Apr. 5.) 

B.C. (N.D.) 

Pope. D. (Mar. 
C. (N.D.) 

(Nov. 26.) 
(Nov. 9.) 



12.) 



- Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

- Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.) 

- Sadoth. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 

- UMc. B. (July 4.) 

■ Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.) 

■ Gregory. Abp. C.Dr. (May 9.) 

- Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

- Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.) 

- Malachy. Abp. (Nov. 3.) 

- Sabas. Ab. (Dec. 5.) 

Bl. Herman Joseph C. (Apr. 7.) 

- Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

- Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 



Arm 



Saints and their Emblems 



burning his arm in a fire 

one arm torn oS . . . 

Armour 

in armour .... 

with armour near him, sword in his hand 

with banner (lion rampant gules) 

with banner (with nine roundels) 

in a battle in armour . 

a bearded warrior 

bearing palm . 

in complete armour 

with crosier, a well near him 

hanging it on a cross . 

with hammer and sword 

helmet at feet, Maltese cross at his neck 

holding sword and windmill 

on horseback . 

on horseback with banner 

with long arrow and shield 

with mantle and orb . 

with mantle, sceptre, mitre and sword 

with red surcoat with white cross 

with robe, coronet, sceptre and Calvary cross 

with rosary 

with shield, spear and palm 

with shield and spear, trampling devil 

with standard and spear 

standing, piercing devil 

with sword, and dragon at feet 

a sword in his hand 

with white eagle on red banner 

as a youth 

Arms 

his arms cut off 

his arms and legs cut off 

Army 

appearing in the sky to an army 

it >i 

king with ensign leading an army 
fleeing before him 



Arrow 

and banner with red cross 
broken in his breast 
each holding an arrow . 



flaming, in her heart 
and globe 
in hand 



in hand, wearing red surcoat 

and lance 

lance, and dagger 

long, with shield and armour 

and sceptre 

aimed at his breast 

and virgins, beneath her cloak 

wounding his knee 

in her hand, trampHng on a pagan 

Arrows 

and bent bow 
in his hand 



in her hands 

l3ring on ground near a forge 

pierced with five arrows 



St. WiUiam. P.H. (Apr. 24.) 
— Alena. V.M. (June 17.) 



— Reinoldus. C. 



— William. 

— Maurice. 

— Quirinus 

— Sabinus. 

— Nazarius. 

— Hippolytus 

— Nabor. M, 



H. 

M. 

M. 
B.M 

M. 



(N.D.) 

(Feb. 10.) 
(Sep. 22.) 
(Mar. 30.) 

(Dec. 30.) 
(July 28.) 
M. (Aug. 13.) 
(July 12.) 



— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 

— Gallicanus. M. (June 25.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— JuHan. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Victor. M. (July 28.) 

— Emilian. Ab. C. (Nov. 12.) 

— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.) 
Ibid. 

St. Nicasius. M. (Oct. 11.) 

— Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (May. 8) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Theodore. M. (Feb. 7.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Celsus. M. (July 18.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 
— ■ Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.) 

— Ladislas. K. (June 27.) 

— Anselm. C. (Mar. 18.) 

— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Romulus. S.dn. (Mar. 24.) 

SS. Cosmos and Dalmian. MM. (Sep. 

St. Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Peter. M. (Jan. 29.) 

— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.) 

— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24. 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20 

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 23.) 

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 



— Kessoge. B.C. (Mar. 10.) 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Otto. B. (July 2.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Otto. B. (July 2.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct, 21.) 



148 



Saints and their Emblems 



Arrows — continued 
pierced with arrows 



pierced with three arrows 

and sceptre 

three arrows 

two, crossed in a heart, in his hand 

Asleep 

an eagle fanning him , 

under a staircase 

under a tree 

St. Wolfgang appearing to him 

Our Saviour holding a taper to his eyes 

his lamp faUing from his hand 

Aspergill 

and basin in hand, dragon behind her 
in his hand 



taking up martyr's blood with it 
threatening devil with it 
in his hand, angels attending him 
in his hand, a dead man near him 
in his hand, harvesters near him 
prisoners with broken fetters near him 

Ass 

and crib, near him 

kneeling to Blessed Sacrament held by saint 

laden with stones near him 

lying before him 

near him 

,, . • • 

riding an ass, exorcising a devil 
with panniers of bread, purse on its neck 

Axe 

cleaving his head, dagger in hand 
hanging on a sunbeam near him 
held by Our Savoiur before him 
in his hand 



in his hand, viper under foot . 

laid at foot of an oak, angel bringing him 

and torch, in his hands 

in his hand, felled tree near him 

and church, in his hands 

Baker's Peel 

in his hand 

Balls 

six, or nine, on a shield 
three, in his hand 
three, in her hand 

Banner 

and church, in his hand 

and cross sword 

and figure of B.V. Mary in his hands 

and globe 

and sword 



a fish 



St. Sebastian. 


M. 


(Jan. 20.) 


— Anastasius 


. M. 


(Jan. 22.) 


— Edmund. 


K.M. 


(Nov. 20.) 


— Victoria. 


V.M. 


(Dec. 23.) 


— Christina. 


V.M. 


(July 24.) 


— Edmund. 


K.M. 


(Nov. 20.) 


— Sebastian. 


M. 


(Jan. 20.) 


— Augustine. 


B.C. 


(Aug. 28.) 



— Servatus. B.C. (May 13.) 

— Alexius. C. (July 17.) 

— Etheldreda. Q.V. Abs. (June 23.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Rainwold. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.) | 

— Martha. V. (July 29.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Exuperius. B. (Sep. 28.) 

— Leo. Pope. (June 12.) 

— Praxedes. V.M. (July 21.) 

— Robert. H. (Sep. 24.) 

— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.) 

— Eugenius. Dr. C. (May 17.) 

— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Evermod. B.C. (Feb. 17.) 

— Marcellus. Pope. M. (Jan. 16.) 

— Anthony. C. (June 13.) 

— Remaclus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (July 31.) 

— Gerlach. H. (Jan. 5.) 

— Philibert. Ab. (Aug. 22.) 

— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Aubert. B.C. (Dec.13.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 

— Utho. H. (N.D.) 

— Herman. C. (Apr. 7.) 

— Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.) | 

— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.) 

— John. C. (May 6.) 

SS. Martian and Malchus. (July 27.) 
St. Hermengild. K.M. (Apr. 13.) 

— Martinian. M. (n.d.) 

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

— Proculus. M. (n.d.) 

— Rufus. B.M. (n.d.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Josophat. M. (Nov. 27.) 

— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Amator. B.C. (May i.) 

— Wolfgang. B. (Oct. 31.) 

— Aubert. B.C. (Dec. 13.) 

— Quirinus, M. (Mar. 30.) | 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.) 

— Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Tames. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Stephen. K.C. (Sep. 2.) 

— Victorinus. M. (Feb. 25.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Ursus. M. (Sep. 30.) 



144 



Saints and their Emblems 



Banner — continued 

holding it at head of legion 

planting it on wall of a city 

cross and palm. 

in her hand 

in his hand 

in his hand, near city wall 

in his hand, trampling on a turban 

sword and cross 

charged with cross and four eagles 

charged with crucifix . 

diarged wilji an escarbuncle and shield 

diarged witb a harp 

charged with the rosary, B.V. Mary holding his hand 

red, charged with white cross . 

red, charged with white eagle . 

white, charged with red cross . 



charged with a cross . 

charged with a dove 

charged with lamb and cross (stones on 

charged with red Uon rampant 

charged wilhi nine roundels (in armour 

diarged with I H S 

with a radiant I H S 

with a red cross 

with a red cross, crown, and book 

with seven stars 

with six roses . 

with three crowns 

of the Thebian legion 

and spear, in armour 

and windmill . 

Banners 

and swords 



Baptized 

and receiving her sight 
by St. Emidius 
by St. Matthew 
by St. Peter 



on a stage, angels near him 
St. Nonnus standing by her 

Baptizing 

a child 

a king 

a kneeUng woman 

an Ethopian eunuch 

Clovis, sacred dove hovering near 

Constantine the Great 

converts 

Ethelbert of Kent 

Indians (or Japanese) converts 

King Radbod's son 

neophjrtes 

pagans 

Pepin . 

S. LuciUa 

S. Odila 

S. Polisia 

South American natives 

Theodore of Bavaria • 

Valerian and Tibertius 

Barn 

blessing a barn, 
near her 

Barrel 

blessing a barrel 

eagle rising out of it . 

foot of cross in it 



his head) 



St. Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Antoninus. Ab. C. (Feb. 14.) 

— Pancras. M. (May 12,) 

— MonaceUa. V. (n.d.) 

— Ladisias. K.C. (July 27.) 

— Venantius. M. (May 18.) 

— Raymond. Ab. C. (Feb. i.) 

— Proculus. M. (n.d.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Louis. C. (n.d.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— David. K. (n.d.) 

— Alanus de Rupe. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.) 

— Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Ubaldus. B. (May 16.) 

— Michael. Archangel. 

— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

• — Quirinus. M. (Mar. 30.) 

— John. C. (Oct. 23.) 

— Bernardin. C. (Ifciy 20.) 

— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Reparata. V.M. (Oct. 8.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Eric. K.M. (May 18.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Ursus and Companions. MM. (Sep. 

30.) 

— Othaia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.) 

— Polisia. (n.d.) 

— Iphigenia. V. (Sep. 21.) 

— Plautilla. Matr. (May 20.) 

— Processus. M. (July 2.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Gamelbert. P.C. (Jan. 27.) 

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Finan. B. (Feb. 17.) 

— PhiUp. Dn. (June 6.) 

— Remigiis. Abp. (Oct. i.) 

— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.) 

— Romulus. M. (July 6.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.) 

— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.) 

— WuHram. Abp. (Mar. 20.) 

— Piligrinus. B.C. (n.d.) 

— WiUrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.) 

— WiUibrod. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.) 

— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.) \ 

— Emidius. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.) 

— Urban. Pope. M. (May 25.) 

— Ansovinus. C. (Mar. 13.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Monegunda. W.R. (July 2.) 

— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.^ 

— Willebrod. Abp. (Nov. 7.) 



145 



Saints and their Emblems 



Barrel — continued 
inhishandgl . 
near her 
near him 

n ... 

shut up in a barrel 

at his feet 

in a barrel, with skull and cross 

of wine, at his feet 

in his hand 

Basin 

and branch in hand 

Basket 

in her hand 

in his hand 

in lion's mouth at his side 

of bread in her hand . 

>i • • 

of bread and flagon of wine 

of bread and bell on a cord 

of eggs, in his hand 

of flowers 

of flowers, offered by an angel 

of fruit. 

of loaves, in his hand . 

of roses 

with pitcher in it 

with three apples and three roses 

Baskets 

making 

,, • • - 

Battle 

appearing, in the air, to cavalry 

army fleeing before him 

in battle]] 

in battle 

in a battle, in armour . 

in a battle, fiery cloud over his head 

a battle in the distance 

an Ethiopian king gaining a battle 

on a horse in the sky, near a battle 

at his prayer rocks fall on the enemy 

prajdng near a battle . 

jt • ■ 

repelling Arabs in battle 

Battleaxe 

and cross .... 

in his hand 

,, .... 

as head to his crosier . 

Beam 

and sword in his hands 

Bear 

and lion near her, saint tied to pillar 

saint approaching a man struck down by bear 

at his side 

carrying his baggage . 

carrying wood 

chained, by her side 

devouring man at her feet 

drawing a plough 

eating his food, bear in cell asleep 

erect, saint feeding it . 

fawning on her . 

forbidding a bear to take apples 

his hand on its head . 

keeping his sheep 

licking his feet 



St. Carilippus. Ab. M. (Apr. a8.) 

— Antonia. V.M. (Apr. 29.) 

— Becharius. Ab. M. (Oct. 16.) 

— Hermeland. Ab. (Mar. 25.) 

— Antonia. V.M. (Apr. 29.) 

— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.) 

— Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Guinandus. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Othmar. Ab. (Nov. 4.) 

— Praxedes. V.M. (July 21.) 

— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.) 

— John. Mk. (May 6.) 

— Gerasimas. Ab. (Mar. 5.) 

— Archangela. V. (n.d.) 

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.) 

— Ehzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Romanus. H. (May 22.) 

— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.) 

— Dorothy. V.M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Phihp. Ap. M. (May i.) 

— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 



— Julian. 

— Arsenius. 


B.C. 
H. 


(Jan. 28.) 
(July 19.) 


— James. 

— Ursmar. 

— Ansehn. 


Ap. 
B.C. 


(July 25.) 
(Ap. 19.) 
Mar. 18.) 


— Agnellus 

— Ladislas. 


Ab 
K. 


(Dec. 14.) 
(June 27.) 


— Dominic 

— Sabinus. 


C. 
B.M 


(Aug. 4-) 
. (Dec. 30.) 


— Ceslas. 


C. (July 20.) 



146 



— Clothilda. Q. (June 3.) 

— Elesbaan. K.C. (Oct. 27.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Finian. Ab. (Sep. 10.) 

— Rembert. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.) 

— Luke. Ab. (Oct. 13.) 

— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 

— Alphege. B.M. (Apr. 19.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— EmUian. B.C. (Jan. 28.) 

— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.) 

— Corbinian. B. (Sep. 8.) 

— Gallus. Ab. (Oct. 16.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 
Ibid. 

St. Corbinian. B.C. (Sep. 8.) 

— GaUus. Ab. (Oct. 16.) 
Ibid. 

St. Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Mang. C. (n.d.) 

— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Cerbonius. B. (Oct. 10.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bear — continued 
near her 
seated near him 

taking a thorn from foot of bear 
with baggage on its back near him 
with three pilgrims 

Bear's Den 

in a bear's den, fountain near him 
Bearded 

Bearded woman 



Beast 

taming a wild beast 

wild beast licking him 

with its young ones, near him 

Beasts 

driving wild beasts from gate of Evreux 

wUd beasts fleeing from cave 

wild beasts near his hut 

in a cave with him 

near her 

exposed to wild beasts 



Beaten 

with a club 

with club by devil 

with clubs 

to death with a club 
with leaded whips 

Bed 

in her hand, or at her side 

lying on a bed 

l3ring on a bed, man reading to him 

Beehive 

in his hand 

in his hand, and scroll with " Doctor Mellifluus ' 

near him . . . . . 

Beggar 

as a beggar, meeting his parents at his deathbed 
embracing a beggar 
at his feet 



near her 

near him 

sharing alms with a beggar 

sharing his cloak with a beggar 

Beggars 

arotmd her 
around him 
ferrying them across river 

Beheaded 

and pierced with spear 



and pierced with three lances 

and thrown into the sea 

by a king 

in prison 

with her seven sons 

and thrown into a fire . 

147 



St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. i6.) 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Maximinus. B. (May 29.) 

— Romedius & Companions. MM. (n.d.) 

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 

— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 20.) 

— Galla. W. (Oct. 5.) 

— Paula. V. (Feb. 5.) 

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 

— Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.) 

— Macarius. (Jan. 2.) 

— Taurinus. B. (Aug. 11.) 

— GaUus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Caluphanus. H. (Mar. 3.) 

— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.) 

— Tatiana. VM. (Jan. 12.) 

— Primus. M. (Jtme 9.) 

— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.) 

SS. Adrian & Eubulus. MM. (Mar. 5.) 
St. Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.) 

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 

— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 



• Lambert. B.M. 
Apollinaris. B.M 
Dorotheus. B.M. 
Ewald the White. 
Boniface. Abp. 
Concordia. M. 



(Sep. 17.) 

(July 23.) 

(June 5.) 

, M. (Oct. 3.) 

M. (June 5.) 

(Aug. 13.) 



Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.) 
Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 
Servulus. C. (Dec. 23.) 



Ambrose. B.CDr. 
Bernard. Ab. D. 
■ John Chrysostom. 



(Apr. 4.) 
(Aug. 20.) 
(Jan. 27.) 



— John. H. (Jan. 15.) 

— Leo. Pope. (June 28.) 

— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

— Omobuono. (n.d.) 

— Elizabeth. Q. (July 8.) 

— Medard. B.C. (June 8.) 

— Benedict. C. (Apr. 16.) 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 

— Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.) 

— Zosimus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

— Julian. H. (n.d.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.). 

— Procopius of Alexandria 

— Maurihus. B. (n.d.) 

SS. Abundius and Irenseus. MM, 

(Aug. 26.) 
St. Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.) 

— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.) 

— Hermengild. K.M. (Apr. 13.) 

— Felicitas. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Constantius. B.M. (Jan. 29.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bell 

and tau staff . 

and torch 

broken by devil 

carried by devil near him 

fishes answering a bell . 

with image of B.V.M. inside it 

in fish's mouth, near him 

in his hand 



near him 

on chain in his hand . 

on cord, basket of bread at the other end 

staff, and beads 

ringing his chapel beU, boats surrounding him 

Bells 

and clown's cap 

staff with two bells on it 

Bellows 

devil using bellows to extinguish taper, 
devil with bellows on shoulders 

Benedictine habit 

with armour near him, sword in hand 

with book and crosier . 

holding book with casque on it 

with mitre 

with royal insignia 

and tiara 

holding palm and crown 

Bier 

on a bier, St. Catherine kissing it 

the sick pra3nng around her 

a chUd restored to health by touching him 

Bird 

bringing him crown in prison . 
bringing him food 

»» • • 

bringing him a letter and gold box 
carrying a fish . 
finding his head 
on his hand 

in his hand, head downwards . 
hovering over martjnr's body . 
perched on roof of his cell 
with ring in its biU 

>i »» • • 

on his shoulder 
at his side . 

,, • • . 

on his wrist 

,, ... 

on his wrist (saint as a boy) 

Birds 

dropping flowers on her corpse 

feeding at her feet 

feeding from his hands 

flock of birds accompan3ang her corpse 

preaching to birds 

pursuing his murderers . 

round him 

shutting birds in a granary 

small birds, hovering near him 

two, hovering over ship containing his relics 

three, hovering over hun 

Biretta 

wearing the biretta, holding pen and book, dove at her 

6ai • • • • ■ • , • 

148 



Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 
(Mar. 21.) 

) 
I7-) 



St, Antony, 

lUi. 

St. Benedict. Ab 

— Theodulus. B.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.) 

— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan, 

— Kenan. B.C. (Nov. 5.) 

— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Gildas. Ab. (Jan. 29.) 

— Teilo. B. (Feb. 9.) 

— Romanus. H. (May 22.) 

— Mutius. H. (n.d.) 

— Piammon. H. (n.d.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— William. H. (Feb. 10.) 

— Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.) 

— William. Ct. (n.d.) 

— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.) 

— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.) 

— Peter. Pope. C. (May 19.) 

— Flavia. NM.. (Oct. 5.) 

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 
Ihid. 

St. Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 



Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 
Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
Paul. H.C. (Jan. 15.) 
Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 
Amoald. B. (July 18.) 
Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.) 
Julian Hospitator. H. (n.d.) 
Orcas. (n.d.) 
Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 
Otho. H. (n.d.) 
Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.) 
Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 
David. Abp. (Mar. i.) 
Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 
Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 
Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 
Jeron. C. (Nov. 7.) 
Dentlin. Ch. (July 14.) 



Sophronia. R. (n.d.)1 
Sibylla Samia 
Remigius. Abp. (Oct. i.) 
Georgia. V. (Feb. 15.) 
Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 
Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.) 
Maxentius. Ab. (June 26.) 
Maurice. Ab. (n.d.) 
Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.) 
Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 
Medard. B. (June 8.) 



— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bishop ■ 

as a bearded (Greek) bishop, preaching to sheep 
as a bishop 



carried out of prison by a bishop 

on either side of him . 

(Greekj, with palm and sword, books underfoot 

with kmg, holding model of church between them 

(as a lawyer) writing .... 

saint standing before a bishop . 

walking on thorns with a bishop 

Blessed Virgin Mary 

and angels m choir near him 
appearing to him, the saint writing 
appearing at her deathbed 

appearing at his deathbed 

appearing to him at Mass 

appearing over gate of his prison 

appearing to him 

assisting at his death . 

giving her a white veil 

giving him a chasuble . 

giving him episcopal vestments 

giving him a girdle 

giving him mUk from her breast 

giving him a white cowl 

holding his hand, with banner of the rosary 

image of B.V. Mary and ciborimn in his hands 

image of B.V. Mary darting rays on his face 

kneeling bound before B.V. Mary, devil at his side 

led by him in childhood 

offering him drink from two vessels 

offering her heart to B.V. Mary 

ofiering his heart to B.V. Mary 

offering him a ring (or vice versa) 

offering his scapular to B.V. Mary 

picture of B.V. Mary in his hand 

presenting a chaplet of roses to her 

presenting a ring to him 

restoring his hand, cut off 

saluting her .... 

sheltering her from rain with her mantle 

supporting the roof of his chapel 

with an angel, giving him a pyx 

image of the B.V. Mary, and book, in his hands 

image of the B.V. Mary, and church, in her hands 

image of the B.V. Mary, and banner, in his hands 

image of the B.V. Mary, saint kneeling before it 

Blessed Virgin Mary and Holy Infant 

appearing to saint 



before her, the saint offering fruit to the Holy Infant 
B.V. Mary kneeling, receiving the Holy Infant from him 
Holy Infant in her arms, saint praying to Him . 
Holy Infant placed in his arms by B.V. Mary . 
praying before an image of the B.V. Mary and Holy Infant 

Blessing 

a bam ....••• 
Charles Martel . . . ■. . 

149 



St. Apollinaris. 

— Aristarchus 

— Cleer. C. 

— Gemreta. 

— FeUx. C. 

— Botulph. 

— Cyprian. 

— Gislerius. 

— Philogonius. B 

— Gothard. B.C, 



M. (July 23.) 
(Aug. 4.) 

(N.D.) 

M. (n.d.) 
(Jan. 14.) 
Ab. (June 17.) 
M. (Sep. 26.) 
C. (N.D.) 

(Dec. 22.) 
(May 4.) 



— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Carmelo. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Bernardin. C. (May 20.) 

— Paschal. C. (May 17.) 

— Albert. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Norbert. B.C. (June 6.) 

— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.) 

— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

— Alberic. Ab. (Jan. 26.) 

— Alanus de Rupe. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Alphonsus. B.C. (Aug. 2.) 

— TheophUus. C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Joachim. C. (Mar. 20.) 
O.P. (n.d.) 

Abs 
Ab. 
Abp. 
O.P. 



(Aug. 12.) 
(Mar. 21.) 
C. (Nov. 

(N.D.) 



— Baldwin 

— Clara. V 

— Benedict. 

— Edmund. 

— Reginald. 

— John. (Nov. 24.) 

— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Robert. Ab. (Apr. 29.) 

— John. Mk. (May 6.) 

— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.) 

— Mary. R. (June 23.) 

— Philip. P.C. (May 26.) 

— Bl. Henry. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Hedwig. W. (Oct. 17.) 

— Stephen. K.C. (Sep. 2.) 

— Edmund. B. (Nov. 16.) 

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 

— Ajnsehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 

— Cyril. C. (Jan. 28.) 

— Emeric. C. (Nov. 4.) 

— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Bl. Henry. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Jerom. C. (July 20.) 

— Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.) 

— Stephen. Ajj. (Apr. 17.) 
Sibylla. Tiburtina. 

St. Raymond. C. (Jan. 23.) 

— Anselm. B.C. (Apr. 21.) 

— Anne. Matr. (July 26.) 

— Antony. C. (June 13.) 

— Petronius. B.C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.) 

— William. C. (June 25.) 



16.) 



— Ansovinus. 

— Giles. Ab. 



C. (Mar. 
(Sep. I.) 



13.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Blessing — con tinned 
a church 
a kneeling boy . 
a virgin, dove at his ear 

Blind 

her eyes on a book 
bUnd bishop giving ahns 
bUnd, a wolf leading him 
Cistercian nun, blind . 
giving an apple to a blind king 
receiving a cup from Totila 
restoring sight to the blind 



Block 

kneeling at a block 



Blood 

man catching his blood in a bowl 
writing " Credo " in blood, on the ground 

Blowing Bladders 

children pointing at him 
as a child blowing bubbles 

Boar 

near him 

riding a wild boar 

Boar's Head 

brought him in prison 

Board 

and mallet, outside his cell 

Boat 

and open book, in her hands 
an angel steering his boat 
dead, in a boat, going against the stream 
dead, in a boat steered by an angel 
drifting down stream in a boat 
escaping in a boat from prison 
in a boat .... 

,, .... 

in a boat, his cloak for sail 
in a boat on the Nile . 
in his hand .... 



in his hand 
lying in a boat 
rowed on flooded river 
in a sailing boat 

Boats 

arriving with provisions, near him 
surrounding his chapel 

Bodkin 

in his hand 

and palm, in his hands 

Book 

in a bag, in his hand . 

with cup on it . 

with double crown on it 

his eyes on a book (on the ground) 

fish on a book 



St. Callixtus. Pope. 

— Claudius. Abp. 

— Hilary. Abp. C. 



M. (Oct. 
(June 6.) 
(May 5.) 



14.) 



— Othilia. V. (Dec. 13.) 

— Aquilinus. B. (Oct. 19.) 

— Herve. H. (June 17.) 

— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.) 

— Malachy. Abp. (Nov. 3.) 

— Sabinus. B. (Feb. 9.) 

— Albinus. B.C. (Mar. i.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Maclovius. B.C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Mang. C. (n.d.) 

— Pardulphus. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Terentius. M. (Apr. 10.) 

— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.) 

— Vedast. B.C. (Feb. 6.) 

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 

— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Waltheof. C. (Aug. 3.) 

— William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Peter. (Apr. 29.) 



•Simeon. H.C. 
■ Joseph. B.C. 



(July I.) 
(July 20.) 



— EmUian. H. (Nov. 16.) 

— Cyr. M. (June 16.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.) 



- Mary. Pen. (July 22.) 

- Florentius. Ab. C. (n.d.) 

- Melanius. B.C. (Jan. 6.) 

■ Torpesius. M. (May 17.) 

■ Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 

■ Adelheid. Emps. (Dec. 12.) 
Aigulf. Ab. (Sep. 3.) 
Maudatus. H. (n.d.) 

■ Rajnnond. C. (Jan. 23.) 

• Athanasius. B.C.D. (May 2.) 
Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 
Torpesius. (May 17.) 
Bertinus. Ab. (Sep. 5.) 

• Ar6. B.C. (n.d.) 
Fridian. B.C. (Mar. 18.) 
Lazarus. B.M. (Dec. 17.) 



Jodoc. H. 
Piammon. 



(Dec. 13.) 

H. (N.D.) 



Leodgar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 
Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.) 

Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 
Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 12.) 
Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 
■ Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.) 
Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 



150 



Saints and their Emblems 



Book — continued 

five stones on a book . 

in his hand 

in his hand, with three crowns on it 

Holy Infant standing on a book in his hand 

with lamb on it 

and lUy 

open book, and lantern 

open book, three mitres at his feet 

of Sarum use in his hand 

and scroll 

with Agnus Dei on it, in his hand 

pierced with a sword . 

rays issuing from it 

with stones on it 

with sword on it 

with three flasks of oil on it 

with three cruets on it 

with three mitres on it 

with three, or six, gold balls on it 

with two ewers on it . 

with a dove on it 

with teeth on it 

with a wine vessel on it 

of music, saint writing in it 

Books 

burning his books . . . . 

books in hand, three books and pen at his side 
three books, in his hand 
underfoot, (Greek) bishop with palm and sword 
four open, in his lap, a star over them. 

Bottle 

gourd shaped . 

and shears 

angel with a bottle near him . 

giving drink from a bottle to S. Philip Neri 

(pilgrim's) and staff 

it • • 

Bough 

dead bough in his hand 

of almond leaves and flowers . 

of cherries, in his hand 

Bound 

to a cross-shaped tree, mallets at feet . 
to a stake, biunt with a torch 
to a T cross .... 
to a tree .... 

with cord, devil at his side, before the B.V.M. 

11 ... 

naked, to a tree 



Bow 

and arrows in his hands 
in armour, holding a bow 

Bowels 

fastened to a stake 

in his hands 

torn out 

wound round windlass 



Bower 

praying in a bower 

Bowl 

his blood caught in a bowl by a man . 

of food brought by angel 

of water, net over it ; boy with fish on a plate 

of gold, and lily, in his hands . 

wooden bowl and spoon at his feet 



St. Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Ukic. H. (Feb. 20.) 

— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

— Antony. C. (Jtme 13.) 

— Ewald the Black. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.) 
SibyUa. Persica. 

St. Bemardin. C. (May 20.) 

— Osmund. B. (Dec. 4.) 

— Uriel. Archangel. 

— John Baptist. (June 24.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Thomas. Dr.C. (Mar. 7.) 

— Liborius. B. (Jiily 23.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Walburgis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 

— Heydrop. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Aerichus. C. (May 18.) 

— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.) 

— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb. 11.) 



— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Angus. Ab. C. (Mar. 11.) 

— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Thomas Aquinas. (Mar. 7.) 

— Raphael. Archangel 

— Cosmas and Companions. MM. 

— Leontius. M. (n.d.) 

— Felix. O.M.C. (May 21.) 

— Bridget. (Oct. 8.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Gerard. C. (n.d.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Paphnutius. M. (Sep. 24.) 

— Theophilus. C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.) 

SS. Felix and Regula. MM. (Sep. 11.) 
St. Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 



Kessoge. B.C. 
Sebastian. M. 



(Mar. 10.) 
(Jan. 20.) 



Ernest. M. (n.d.) 
Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.) 
Thiemon. B.M. (n.d.) 
Claudius. Abp. (June 6.) 
Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

Monacella. V. (n.d.) 

William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 
Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 
Anthony. C. (June 13.) 
Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 
Gerard. C. (n.d.) 



151 



Saints and their Emblems 



Box 

of colours .... 

of ointment, in her hand 

of money, in his hand . 

of money, hanging from his neck 

Boy. {See also Child) 

as a boy, dividing his clothes with others 
at his side 



as a boy, cruciiied 

exorcising a boy 

as a boy, holding arms, book and palm 

as a boy keeping sheep 



kneeling before him 



it ■ • 

as a boy minding cattle, with book 
mounting ladder by a chain 
possessed, near him 
restoring a boy to Ufa 

" a 

It • 

restoring a drowned boy to life 
with fish in his hand 
with mares round him . 
with his mother and brothers near him 
leprous boy kneeling to her 
washing the head of a beggar boy 

Boys 

three boys with him 
four, receiving some of his clothes 
her seven boys mart3nred before her 
her seven boys martyred with her 

Bramble 

miraculously bearing grapes, near him 

Branch 

and basin in her hand . 
in her hand 

J, ■ I • 

in his hand, saint addressing monks 
of myrtle in her hand 
olive branch in his hand 



with three white flowers 

olive branch in his hand, mitre and crosier at his feet 

Branches 

kneeling at crossed branches, crown and sceptre at feet . 

crosier, with two olive branches arising out of three 

mounds and a cross at top . . . . 

Branded 

on forehead ...... 

Brazier. {See also Bull of Brass) 

between them ...... 

burnt in a brazier ..... 

Bread 

and fish, in his hand . 

and sickle .... 

angel bringing bread . 

as a hermit with loaf of bread 

basket of bread and flagon of wine 

brought him by raven . 

dish of loaves in his hand 

giving to three maidens through window 

giving to the poor 

filling a tomb with bread for the poor 

162 



St. Herman. C. (Apr. 7.) 

— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.) 

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.) 

— John C. (Mar. 8.) 



— Thomas. 

— Leander. 

— Tescelin. 

— William. 

— Hildulfus 

— Pancras. 

— Launomar. 



— Magnus, 

— Thurian. 

— Claudius. 

— Vincent. 

— Vindician, 

— Valery. 

— Leonard 



Ap. C. (Sep. 18.) 
B.C. (Feb. 27.) 
C. (N.D.) 
Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

Abp. (July II.) 
M. (May 12.) 
Ab. (Jan. 19.) 
" I-) 



B.M. (Jan. 

B.C. (N.D.) 

Abp. (June 6.) 
C. (Apr. 5.) 
B. (Mar. 11.) 
Ab. (Dec. 12.) 
H. (Nov. 6.) 



— Eleutherius. Ab. (Sep. 6.) 
Ibid. 

St. Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Ceslas. C. (July 20.) 

— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.) 

— Severus. B. (Feb. i.) 

— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.) 

— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 
Ibid. 

St. Babylus. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— Thomas. C. (Sep. 18.) 

— Symphorosa. M. (July 8.) 

— FeUcitas. W.M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Maximus. B.C. (Jan. 15.) 

— Praxedes. V.M. (July 21.) 

— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Brendan. Ab. (May 16.) 

— Sibylla Libyca. 

— Nicholas. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Peter. M. (Jan. 29.) 

— Peter. C. (Jan. 13.) 
Angel of Mercy 

St. Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.) 

— Procopius. Ab. H. (July 4.) 

— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.) 

— Flavian. M. (Dec. 22.) 

— Timothy and Companions. MM. 

(May 3.) 

— Florentius. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

— Godfrey. C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Nicholas. B.C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 

— Ida. W. (Sep. 4.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bread — continued 

Infant Christ putting a loaf in his wallet 

in her lap 

loaf of bread in her hand 

loaf of bread in raven's beak 



and pitcher 

receiving basket from a boy 

three loaves on a book] 

three loaves on a book brought by an angel 

three loaves on a table, angel near 

with three loaves, saint covered with her hair 

saint in hollow tree, man bringing loaf of bread 

in his wallet ..... 



Breaking 

idols 



m pnson 

the statue of Apollo 

Breast 

burnt by executioner . 

using his own breast as an altar 

holding her breast, shears on ground 

hot iron apphed to her breast . 

pierced with five arrows 

pierced with a sword 

Breasts 

cut off ... 



cut off, saint consoled by angels 

cut off, saint tied to a wheel 

on a dish 

and shears, in her hand 

in her hand 

on a book 

on a book, knife in her hand 

Bridge 

and fortified town near him 



in his hand ..... 
standing on a bridge . . . . 

thrown from bridge, millstones round their necks 

floating near a bridge .... 

Broom 

in her hand 



in his hand 

sweeping church with a broom 

Bucket 

and fish, at his side 

Building 

directing the building of a church 



Bull 

at his feet 



lying before him 
near him 
torn by wild bull 
tossed by a bull 
kneeling to him 

168 



St. Fehx. O.M.C. (May 21.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Sibylla Ciunana. 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 

— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.) 
Abdias. Pt. 

St. Archangela. V. (n.d.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.) 

— John. C. (Jan. 23.) 



— MeUtina. 

— Wilfrid. 

— Willehad. 

— Christina. 

— Abercius. 



V.M. (Sep. 15.) 
B.C. (Oct. 12.) 
B. (Nov. 8.) 
V.M. (July 24.) 
B.C. (Oct. 22.) 



— JuUana. 

— Lucian. 

— Agatha. 

— CaUiope. 

— Ursula. 

— Justina. 



V.M. (Feb. 16.) 
B.M. (Jan. 7.) 
V.M. (Feb. 5.) 
M. (June 8.) 
V.M. (Oct. 21.) 
V.M. (Oct. 7.) 



— Sophia and Companions. MM. 

(Sep. 18.) 

— Agneda. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 
Ihii. 

St. Potamiana. V.M. (June 28.) 

— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 



— Benet of Avignon. (Apr. 14.) 

— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.) 

— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.) 

— John. M. (May 16.) 

SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM. 

(Oct. 25.) 
St. John. M. (May 16.) 



26.) 



— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 

— Gisella. Q. (n.d.) 

— PetroniUa. V. (May 31.) 

— Martin. B. (n.d.) 

— Tibuldus. C. (n.d.) 



— Corentin. B. (Dec. 12.) 

— Severinus. P. Ap. (Jan. 

— Willibald. B. (July 7.) 

— Hieretha. (July 8.) 



8.) 



Adolphus. 

Saturninus 

Sylvester. 

Adolphus. 

Regnier. 

Marciana. 

Blandina. 

Carihppus, 



B.C. (n.d.) 

B.M. (Nov. 29.) 
Po. C. (Dec. 31.) 

B.C. (N.D.) 

H. (JUIV17.) 
V.M. (Jan. 9.) 
V.M. (June 2.) 
Ab. M. (Apr, 28.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Bull (of brass) 
burnt in 



Bull (papal) 

in his hand 

Bulls 

torn by 

Bundles 

in their hands . 

Buried 

alive, stones on him 
to his waist 
in a well 

Burning 

his books 

Burnt 

alive together . 



angels near her 

at the stake 

by pagans 

his legs and feet in burning cloths 

in a brazier 

in a bull of brass 



in a furnace 

in a pan, with S. Justina 

on a gridiron 



to death 



together at stake 

with torches 

with two thieves 

and stabbed, at stake . 

Burying 

the body of St. Lawrence 
mart3n:s' bodies 

Bush 

burning ..... 

burning, before him .... 
his head in a holly bush 

Caltrops 

on ground near him .... 

Calves 

two, at his feet .... 

Camel 

near him ..... 

riding a camel, or near it . . . 

Candle. {See also Taper) 

and cords, in her hands 

in her hand, devil with bellows on her shoulder 

lighted by angel, devil blowing at it . 

154 



St. Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Victor. M. (May 8.) 

— Pelagia. V.M. (May 4.) 

— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.) 

— Ansehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 

— Rufina and Companions. W. MM. 

(July 10.) 

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Marcellus. M. (Sep. 4.) 

— VitaUs. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— CjTprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 

SS. JuUana and Cyrina. W. (Nov. i.) 
St. Sosthenes and Companions. MM. 
(Sep. 10.) 

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Hilaria. M. (Aug. 12.) 

— Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.) 

— Florehtius. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Pelagia. V.M. (May 4.) 

— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.) 

SS. Theodore and Julian. MM. (Sep. 4.) 
St. Cjrprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Donatella. M. (n.d.) 

— Eustratius. M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Laurence. D.M. (Aug. 10.) 

— Alexander and Companions. MM. 

(May 29.) 

— Barnabas. Ap. M. (June 16.) 

— Eulalia. V.M. (Dec. 10.) 

— Potamiana and Companions. MM. 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 

— Theodulus. M. (Feb. 17.) 

— Timon. D. (Apr. 19.) 

(July 5.) 

and Eulampia. MM. 



— Zoe. V.M. 
SS. Eulampius 

(Oct. 10.) 
St. Barbara. V.M. 

— Nemesion. M. 

— Polycarp. B.M. 

— Hippol3rtus. M. 

— Basilissa. M. 



(Dec. 4.) 
(Dec. 19.) 
(Jan. 26.) 

I. (Aug. 13.) 
(Apr. 15.) 



B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

Moses. Pt. 

St. Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Themistocles. M. (Dec. 21.) 

— Wulstan. C. (May 30.) 

— Hormisdas. C. (Aug. 8.) 

— Aphrodisius. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Beatrix. V.M. (July 29.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 
Ibid. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cannon 

at her feet .... 

Canoe 

in his hand .... 

Cap 

wearing clown's cap and bells . 
wearing a cap and wallet, cross in hand 
wearing yellow cap, a head in his hands 
cap and fur-lined cloak, sword in hand 
skull cap, holding rosary, book and staff 
skull caps .... 

Captive 

saint, converting a king 

with broken fetters kneeling before her 

Captives 

their chains falling from them 

ransoming them 

relieving them of their fetters 

a ft 

Cardinal's Hat 

at feet of saint (as a hermit) 
on the ground near him 

in his hand (as a bishop) 
on his head 

and mitre, before him 

near him 

near him (as a friar) 

on his head, palm and three swords at his feet 

Carmelite Habit 

with pitcher .... 

with sword in his breast 

writing at desk . . . . 

Carpenter's 

square . 



and tools, at their feet 

Carried by Angels 

to Mt. Sinai 
over the sea 

Carrying 

four men, on his back . 

his mother carrying the saint . 

the Holy Infant, on his shoulders 

an Indian, on his shoulders 

Maximus out of prison 

Our Saviour, disguised as a leper 

Our Saviour, on his shoulders . 

a sick man 

two children, across a stream . 

a yoxmg blind woman 

St. Luke, on his shoulders 

St. Matthew, on his shoulders . 

Cart 

driving a cart through a ford . 

in his hands .... 

preaching from a cart . 

with wood, drawing it towards monastery 

Cask. {See Barrel) 

Casket ..... 

and crosier .... 
and crucifix, on table . 



St. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Meubred. H. (n.d.) 

— Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Seiriol. C. 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 
27.) 

St. Christiana. V. (Dec. 15.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 9.) 

— Evermodus. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 



— Peter. B. 

— Francis. C 

— Vincent. C. 

— Bonaventura. 

— Jerome. Dr. 

— Latinus. B. 

— Joseph. C. 

— Francis. O.S.J. '(Oct 

— Bonaventura. B.C.D. 



(Feb. 23.) 
(Oct. 10.) 
(Apr. 5.) 

B.C.D (July 14.) 
(Sep. 30.) 
(Mar. 24.) 
(Aug. 27.) 
- - 10.) 

(July 14.) 



— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.) 

— Thomassus. C. (n.d.) 

— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

— Carmelo. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Joseph. C. (Mar. 19.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

— Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.) 

SS. Q. Coronati. MM. (Nov. 8.) 

St. Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 



M. (Aug. 28.) 
(Apr. I.) 
(July 25.) 
(Dec. 3.) 
(Jan. 14.) 
(Oct. 19.) 
C. (Aug. 30.) 



— Moyses. Ab. 

— Melito. B.M, 

— Christopher. 

— Francis. C. 

— Felix. P.C. 

— Ethbin. C. 

— Agilius. Ab. 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— Eustachius. (Sep. 30.) 

— Eustasius. Ab. (Mar. 29.) 
Jeremias. Pt. 

Isaias. Pt. 

St. Lubin. B. (Mar. 14.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Marina. V. (June 18.) 



— Irenaeus. B.M. 

— Opportuna. V. 

— Charles. Abp. 



(Jtme 28.) 
Abs. (Apr. 22.) 
(Nov. 4.) 



155 



Saints and their Emblems 



Caskets 

in their hands . 

Cat 

near him 

Caterpillars 

driven from trees 

Cattle 

tending cattle 



and fountain near her, scythe in hand 
near him 



Cauldron 

boiling cauldron behind him 
of boihng oil . 



burnt in a cauldron 



in a cauldron of melted lead 

in a cauldron, torches applied to her 

Cave 

in a cave 

>> • • 

in a cave full of money 

cutting her vow on the entrance 

digging a cave . 

discovered by hunters in a cave 

fed from basket by monk 

in a cave, angels extinguishing flames in burning city 

in a cave, basket of fruit before him 

in a cave, closed by cobweb 

in a cave, hind near her 

in a cave, sajang Mass 

in a cave with animals 

in a cave, wild beasts fleeing . 

in coat of mail, in cave 

kneeling before a cave . 

kneeling before a cave at Bethlehem 

lions in a cave with him 

living in a cave, chains near him 

living in a cave 

praying in a cave 

)» 
reading in a cave 
soldiers beating him in a cave . 
with cross and skull . . 

Cell 

asleep in a cell, bear eating his food . 

built by soldiers 

doing penance in a cell 

in a cell, wearing coat of mail . 

in a cell, rosary, book and skull beside him 

in his cell, receiving a man . . 

156 



SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. 
(Sep. 27.) 

St. Yvo. C. (May 22.) 

— Hermelandi Ab. (Nov. 25.) 



Armogastes. M. (Mar. 29.) 
Bl. Desiderius. (n.d.) 
Emidian. Ab. (n.d.) 
Marcian. H.C. (Nov. 2.) 
Guntilda. V. (n.d.) 
Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.) 
Etto. B.C. (July 10.) 



■ Erasmus. 
Boniface. 
Emilian. 
Felicitas. 
Afra. M. 
Cecilia. V.M 
C3niacus. B.M 



B.M. (June 2.) 
M. (May 14.) 
B.M. (Jan. 28.) 
W.M. (July 10.) 
(Aug. 5-) 

(Nov. 22.) 
(May 4.) 



30.) 



Exuperantus. M. (Dec. 
Felix. M. (Sep. 11.) 
Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 
Modestus. M. (June 15.) 
Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.) 
Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 
Regula. V.M. (Sep. 11.) 
Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 
Theodata. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 
Veneranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.) 
Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 
Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.) 
Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 



Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 
Paul. H. (Jan. 15.) 
- Gontran. K.C. (Mar. 28.) 

■ Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

• Martins. Ab. (n.d.) 

■ Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

■ Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

■ Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.) 
Posidonius. B.C. (n.d.) 

■ Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 
Genevieve. Due. C. (n.d.) 
Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.) 
Calupanus. H. (Mar. 3.) 
Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 
Ugolina. V. (n.d.) 
Tigernach. B. (Apr. 4.) 
Paula. W. (Jan. 26.) 
Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.) 
Leonard. C. (Nov. 6.) 
Sabas. Ab. (Dec. 5.) 
Arnulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.) 
Barlaam. M. (Nov. 19.) 
Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 

■ Privatus. B.M. (Aug. 21.) 
Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 
Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.) 
Thais. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 
Henry. H. (Jan. 16.) 
Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.) 

• Tlieodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cell — continued 

kneeling before St. Benedict's . 
in a cell nearly surrounded by the sea 
wild beasts near his cell 
a bird perched over his cell 

Censer 

in his hand 
and rod 
near her 

Chafing Dish 

at her side 

Chain 

wearing a heavy chain . 
with beU, in his hand . 
on his wrist 

Chained 

in prison 

a • • • 

to a rack 
to a rock 
voluntarily 

Chains 

and ball near him 

and banner in his hand 

and crosier 

and fetters 

and fetters near him . 

and manacles with locks 

angel striking them off. 

at his feet 

breaking prisoners' chains by asperging 

broken, in his hand 



crosier and book 
falling off him 



crowned 



falling off prisoners 

in chains 

in his hand, flames behind him 

in chains with cross staff terminating with a crescent 

in her hand 

in his hand 



loaded with chains 



on their shoulders 

relieving captives from chains . 

round arms and waist, lion skin helmet 

round her, scourge in hand 

scourge and needles . . _ 

throwing broken chains down precipice 

wearing coat of maU, chains on his shoidders 

with caltrops, in his hand 

and sword .... 

Chain Mail 

coronet over hood, spear and church in his hand 

Chair 

nailed to a chair through hands and thighs 
sitting in a chair with inscribed cycles on it 

Chalice. {See also Cup) 

and abbot's staff 

and book 

and book of Gospels 

and crosier 

and crosier brought by two angels 

and paten, brought by messenger 

with serpent issuing from it 

157 



St. Scholastica. V. Abs. (Feb. lo.) 

— GudwaU. B.C. (June 6.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Otho. H. (N.D.) 

— Gerard. B.C. (Apr. 23.) 
Aaron. Pt. 

St. Lutgardis. V. (June 16.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Eusebius. Ab. (Jan. 23.) 

— Teilo. B. (Feb. 9.) 

— Ninian. B. (Sep. 16.) 



— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 

— Martin. H. (June 2.) 

— Hospicius. R. (Oct. 15.) 



12.) 



9-) 



23-) 



— Jerom. C. (July 20.) 

— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Leonard. C. (Nov. 6.) 

— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. 

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr 

— Euermodus. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 

— John. C. (Feb. 8.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 

— Forgel. M. (n.d.) 

— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Epimarchus M. (Dec. 12.) 

— William. H. (Feb. 10.) 

— Balbina. V. (Mar. 31.) 

— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 

— John. H. (Jan. 15.) 

— Romanus. H. (h.d.) 

SS. Marana and Cyra. RR. (Aug. 
St. Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

— William. K. (n.d.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Ferreolus. P.M. (June 16.) 

— Adjutor. H. (Apr. 30.) 

— WiUiam. H. (May 28.) 

— Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.) 

— John of Janina. C. (n.d.) 

— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.) 

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— Hippolytus. B.M. (Aug. 22.) 

— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— John. B.C.Dr. (Jan. 27.) 

— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— Ukic. B. (July 4.) 

— Mark. Po. C. (Oct. 7.) 

— John Evan. (Dec. 27.) 



3.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Chalice 

and hammer, saddle near him 
and Host appearing to him 
and Host, in his hand . 



and Host in right hand, palm in left 

and sword 

and Host, in her hand 

his chalice blessed from heaven 

a diamond falling into a chalice 

flagon and Host 

Host and orb 

in entrance to tower 

in her hand 

in his hand 

Ijdng on its side at his feet 
making a chalice with hammer 

silver chalice and paten brought by messengers 
with Infant Christ issuing therefrom . 
with Host 

>» • • • • 

with spider in it 

with spider over it . 

Chamberlains 

standing between two . 

Changing 

water into oil ... 

water into wine 
an eel into gold 

Chapel 

ringing bell of his chapel, boats round it 
Chapels 

two, near him .... 

Charcoal Burner 

receiving mitre and crosier from St. Gregory 

Chariot 

ascending in a fiery 

}y • • • 

saint harnessed with horses to a chariot 
in a chariot with eunuch 

Chasuble 

and triple crown 

angel bringing him a chasuble . 

filled with stones 

held by friar near him . 

receiving a chasuble from B.V.M. 



Cherries 

in his hand ..... 

Chest 

containing bags of money near him 
killed before a chest of money 
open chest before her 
three children issuing from a chest 

Chests 

three chests of treasure open, globe and cross on one 

Child 

as a child, blowing bubbles 
as a child, carr3nng a hod 
as a child, crucified 



as a child, giving his clothes to the poor 
as a child, holding sword 



St. EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Paschal. C. (May 17.) 

— Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. 24.) 

— John. C. (June 12.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.) 

— Ewald. M. (Oct. 3.) 

— Clara. V. (Aug 12.) 

— Jodoc. (Dec 13.) 

— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 
Dominations. 

St. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Othilia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.) 

— Ansbert. B.C. (Feb. 9.) 

— Richard. B. (Apr. 3.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.) 

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Mark. Pope. C. (Oct. 7.) 

— Hugh. B. (Nov. 17.) 

— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.) 

— Thomas. C.Dr. (Mar. 7.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.) 

— Flavia. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.) 

— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.) 

— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.) 

— Piammon. H. (n.d.) 

— Jodoc. H. (Dec. 13.) 

— Alexander. B.M. (Aug. 11.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 
Elijah. Pt. 

St. Conon. M. (May 29.) 

— Philip. D. (June 6.) 

Dominations. 

St. Gallus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Alphege. B.M. (Ap. 19.) 

— Louis. B.C. (Aug. 19.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Ildefonsus. B.M. (Jan. 23.) 

— Gerard. C. (n.d.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (Apr. 9.) 

— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 28.) 

— Joseph. B.C. (July 20.) 

— Werner. Ch. M. (Apr. 19.) 

— Hugh. Ch. M. (Aug. 27.) 

— William. Ch.M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.) 

— Spes. V.M. (n.d.) 



158 



Saints and their Emblems 



Child — continued 

as a child, with cross and nails 

as a child, with cross near him 

as a child, with cup, serpent issuing from it 

as a child, with hawk on wrist 

as a child, with pahn and bodkin 

as a child, with staff and wallet 

as a chUd, with three stones, or loaves. 

as a child, with toy mill in hand 

at his feet a chUd 

at his feet, carrying fire in his lap 

baptising a child 

baptising a child near a spring 

blessing a child 

extracting thorn from throat of a child 

giving clothes to a crippled child 

her (£ild dying in desert, angel feeding it 

in cradle at his feet 

in his arms 

in his mother's lap 

Ijnng at his feet 

near him 

near him, floating on a sod in the water 

near him, holding Imperial crown 

near him, sword in hand 

on his shoulders 

Our Saviour, as a child, speaking to him 

presenting basket of three apples and three roses 

restoring a child to Ufe 



standing for a child at the font 

with the Child Christ on his shoulders 

as a chUd, with palm . 

with spoon, on seashore, at his feet 

Children 

behind him 

carried off by wild beasts 

nine, in her arms 

one, on her knee, another before her 

pointing at him blowing bubbles 

roimd him 

ft * * 

seated with her four children 
seven sons, palm and book 
three children holding swords 

three children in a tub at his feet 

three children issuing from a chest or tub 

two children and two saints with pahns 

two children with swords 
under her mantle 

M ... 

with her four children 
carrying two children over a stream . 

Chorister 

holding taper by him .... 

Chrismatory 

in his hand . • • 

dove bringing him a chrismatory 

Church. (See also Model) 
a church in their hands 
and banner ..... 
and palm ..... 

and sceptre . . . : r , ■' -^ 

and spear in his hand, coronet ever hood of cham mail 
and statue of B.V.M. in her hands 
and sword ..... 

159 



to her 



St. WiUiam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 
— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.) 
John. Ap. (Dec. 27.) 



— Dentlin 

— Simon. 

— James. 

— Joseph 

— James. Ap 

— Maclovius. 

— Brice. B. 

— Gamelbert. 

— Omer. B.C. 

— Ouen. B. 

— John. Ap. 

— Blaise. B.M. 

— EUzabeth. Q 



Ch. (July 14.) 
Ch. M. (May 24.) 
Ap. (July 25.) 

B.C. (July 20.) 



(May I.) 
B.C. (Nov. 15.) 
(Nov. 13.) 
P.C. (Jan. 27.) 

(Sep. 9.) 
(Aug. 24.) 
(Dec. 27.) 
(Feb. 3.) 
(Nov. 19.) 



— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.) 

— HUary. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.) 

— Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.) 
Ab. (June 21.) 
B.M. (July I.) 

B.C. (Nov. 15.) 
B. (Oct. 31.) 



7-) 



— Leutfried. 

— Rumbold. 

— Maclovius. 

— Wolfgang. 
EUjah. Pt. 
St. Willebrord. Abp. (Nov. 

— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Bassian. B. (Jan. 19.) 

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 

— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 

— Winwaloe. Ab. C. (Mar. 3.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Nothburga. W. (n.d.) 

— Salome. (June 29.) 

— Simeon. H.C. (July i.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Philip. P.C. (May 26.) 

— Mary. (Apr. 9.) 

— Felicitas. W.M. (July 10.) 

— Faith and Companions. W. 

(Aug. I.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 
Ibid. 

St. Susanna and Companions. MM. 

(May 24.) 
SS. Justus and Pastor. MM. (Aug. 6.) 
St. Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 7.) 

— Mary. (Apr. 9.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 



MM. 



— Remigius. 
Ibid. 



Abp. (Oct. I.) 



SS. Cyril and Methodius. CC. (Dec. 22.) 
St. Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Maurontius. Ab. (May 5.) 

— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.) 

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Church — continued 

blessing a church .... 

blessmgfa church, in his hand . 

blessing a distant church 

directing the building of a church 

" Ecclesia deEstderham " in her hand, two does at feet 

(Ely Cathedral) in her hand 

in both hands, bearded 

in her hand and abbess' staff . 

in his hand (as a Margrave) 

in her hand, geese fl5ang near him'' 

in his hand, stag near him 

in his hand, trampling on devil 

in his hand, trampling on heretics 

of Jerusalem, in her hand 

of Lorsch, in his cloak 

of Utrecht, in his hand, barrel and fountain at his feet 

on book, stone cross near him . 

struck by lightning, pahn in his hand . 

supported by a bishop and king near him 

three towered, in his hand 

under their feet, chalice and orb 

with light over it ... . 

presenting model of church to Christ . 

(Whitby Abbey) in her hand 

on his shoulder .... 

of Nuremburg, in his hand, pilgrims habit 

of Marburg, in her hand 

Church Door 

behind him ..... 

praying at church door at night 
Churches 

building ..... 

five churches near him .... 

two in sight ; standing by river 

Church Tower 

in her hand ..... 

Ciborium 

and statue of B.V. Mary, in his hands 

in his hand ..... 

Our Saviour appearing in it . 

with a raven on it, a ring in its bill 

Cistercian Habit 

a nun, blind ..... 

restoring a bhnd man .... 
Citadel 

standing with sceptre in citadel 
with sceptre and sword 

City 

blessing model of a city in his hand 

of Ascoli, in his hand .... 

of Bologna, in his hand 

of Brescia, defended by him 

of Foligni, oflEering it to God 

of Poitiers, behind her, crown at feet . 

of Troyes, protecting it . . . 

fortified city and bridge near him 

on fire, saint praying before a church . 

on walls of a city, invoking Heaven against army 

on walls of Naples, defeating enemy . 

planting a banner on walls of a city . 

holding a banner near city wall 

on fire, saint pouring water from an ewer into it 

Cloak. {See Mantle) 

Clothing 

giving clothing to monks 
giving his clottiing to the poor 



160 



St. Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.) 

— Prosdecimus. B.V. (Nov. 7.) 

— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 19.) 

— Perpetuus. B.C. (Apr. 8.) 

— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

— Cuthman. C. (Feb. 8.) 

— Elfleda. V. Abs. (Feb. 8.) 

— Leopold. C. (Nov. 16.) 

— Milberga. V. Abs. (Feb. 23.) 

— Meinulf. Ab. C. (Oct. 5.) 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 29.) 

— Fulgentius. B.C. (Jan. i.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 

— Nazarius. M. (July 28.) 

— Willebrord. Abp. (N0V.I7.) 



— Pauhnus. 

— Donatus. 

— Gislerius. 
— • Maternus. 
Dominations. 
St. Lawrence. 

— Eucherius. 

— Hilda. V. 

— Winwaloe. 

— Sebaldus. 

— Elizabeth. 



Abp. C. (Oct. 
M. (June 30.) 

C. (N.D.) 

B.C. (Sep. 18.) 



10.) 



Abp. (Nov. 14.) 
B. (Dec. 8.) 
Abs. (Nov. 17.) 
(Mar. 3.) 
H. (Aug. 19.) 
Q. (Nov. 19.) 



— Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec. 11.) 

— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.) 

— Magnus. B. (Nov. 5.) 

— Bertuin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Jan. 12.) 

— Hieraetha. (July 8.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Thomas. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.) 

— Waltheof. Ab. C. (Aug. 3.) 

Principalities. 
Archangels. 

St. Richard. B.C. (June 9.) 

— Emygdius. B.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Petronius. B.C. (Oct 4.) 

— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— FeUdan. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Lupus. B.C. (July 29.) 

— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.) 

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— James. B. (July 15.) 

— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.) 

— Antoninus. Ab. C. (Feb. 14.) 

— Venantius. M. (May 18.) 

— Florian. M. (May 4.) 



— John. Ab. (July 12.) 

— John. C. (Oct. 20.) 

— Ado. Ab. C. (Nov. 18.) 

— Ulric. B.C. (July 4.) 

— Caesarius. B.C. (Aug. 27.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cloud 

fiery cloud over his head 

in a cloud (surrounded by lunatics) with golden chains 
quenching flaming pile, angel above her 
reaching his hand towards a thunder cloud 
Clouds 

above him 

dropi)ing water near him 

standing on clouds 

Clown's Cap 

and bells 

Club 

and stone, in his hand 
and sword 

>> • • 

beaten by devil with a club 

»» •• 

in his hand 



killed by a club 



large club in his hand . 
leaden club in his hand 
club in his hand, p3rre near him 
spiked club in his hand 



trampling on a spiked club, book and cross in hand 

Clubs 

beaten with clubs 



killed at altar with clubs 

Coals 

hot coals, drawn from oven by her hands 
in her hands . 
in his vestment 
in his surplice, as acol3rte 
standing on hot coals . 
walking on hot coals . 
i> • 

Coat. (See also Clothing) 

dividing his coat with sword, beggar near him 
giving coat to beggar 
wearing coat of mail 

of mail, in ceU 
of mail only 

Cobweb 

closing a cave, saint within 
concealed by a cobweb 

Cock 

beside him 
crowing near him 
crowing, the saint weeping 
near him 



perched on his hand 



St. Ceslas. C. 

— D3miphna. 

— Columba. 

— Deodatus. 



(July 30.) 
V.M. (May 15.) 
V.M. (Sep. 17.) 
B.C. (June 19.) 



— Secundus. H. (Mar. 30.) 

— Swithin. B. (July 15.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Timothy. B.M. (Jan 34.) ; 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— Magnus. B M. (Jan. i.) 

— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 

— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.) 

— Andeolus, M. (May i). 

— Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 

— Boniface. B.M. (June 5.) 

— Constantine. M. (n.d.) 

— Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.) 

— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— John. M. (July 27.) 

— Maximian. M. (July 27.) 

— Telephorus. Pope. M. (Jan. 5.) 

— Bomface. B.M. (June 5.) 

— Magnus. M. 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— Eusebius. M. (Aug. 14.) 

— Papylus. Dn. M. (Apr. 13.) 

— Fidelis. M. (Apr. 24.) 

— Nicomede. P.M. (Sep. 15.) 

— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— Lebuinus. P.C. (Nov. 12.) 

— Dorotheus. B.M. (June 5.) 

— Ewald. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Autonomus. B.M. (Sep. 12.) 

— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.) 

— Cyrilla. V.M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— ApoUinaris. B.M.' (July 23.) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Tiburtius. M. (Aug. 11.) 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 

— Ulric. B.C. (July 4.) 

— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.) 

— William. H. (May 28.) 

— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.) 

— Robert. Fdr. (Feb. 24.) 

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Camion. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Teuteria. V. (n.d.) 

— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.)^ 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 29.) 

— Landric. B.C. (June 10.) 

— Maris. H. (June 19.) 

— Dominic. H.C. (May 12.) 



161 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cockatrice 

on book in his hand . . . . . 

Coffin 

before him ...... 

his coffin borne by two angels in the air 

corpse in a coffin before him . . . . 

his coffin in a boat . . . . . 

in his right hand . . . . . 

in a ship, in his hand . . . . . 

of stone, near him . . . . • 

Colt 

near him ...... 

Comb 

curry-comb, in his hand . . 

large double-toothed comb and flagon . 
wool-comb, in his hand . . . • 

Combs 

torn with iron combs . . . . . 

Communion, The Holy (see also The Blessed 

Sacrament) 

administered to him by an angel 

administered to him by a bishop on his deathbed 
administered to him by two angels 
administered to her by St. Zozimus 
administering the Holy Communion 
administering, B.V. Mary appearing to him 
administering to plague patients 
administering to St. Mary of Egypt 
receiving it at her deathbed 
Converts 
near him 

Bulgarian converts near him . 
Indian, or Japanese, converts near him 
South American converts near him 
Pagan converts near him 
Danish converts near him 

Cook 

wearing apron . 

Cope 

brought by B.V.M. 
mitre, scourge and cross 

Cord 

and arrows 

giving a cord to kneeling man 

knotted cord and lily, coronet at his feet 

Cords 

in left hand, candle in right 

Corn 

bunch of com in her hand 
ears of corn in her hand 
reaping corn . 

three, or five, ears of com 
standing in a field of ripe corn 

Cornucopia 

and three nails in her hand 

Coronet 

at his feet, lily and knotted cord 

nun with ducal coronet and crucifix 

over hood of chain mail, spear and church in his hand 

Corporal 

linen for a corporal brought him from heaven . 

Corpse 

m a coffin before him . . . , , 

summoning a corpse to appear before him 
discovering the corpses of her two brothers 

162 



St. Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Sylvester. Ab. (Nov. z6.) 

— Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.) 

— Lazarus. B.M. (Dec. 17.) 

— Werenfrid. P.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Gualfard. H. (Apr. 30.) 

— Medard. B.C. (June 8.) 

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 



— Bonaventura. B.C.Dr. (July 14.) 

— Maglorius. B.C. (Oct. 24.) 

— Gunther. H. (n.d.) 

— Stanislaus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

— Gaudentius. B.M. (Oct. 14.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.) 

— Zosimus. Ab. (Apr. 2.) 

— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.) 

— Romulus. M. (July 6.) 

— Cjrril. C. (Dec. 22.) 

— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct 9.) 

— Wilfrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.) 

— Ancharius. B. (Feb. 3.) 

— Evortius. B. (Sep. 7.) 

— Ildefonsus. B.C. (Jan. 23.) 

— Ambrose. Dr. (Apr. 4.) 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Elzear. C. (Sep. 27.) 

— Beatrix. M. (July 29.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Fara. V. Abs. (Dec. 7.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Walburge. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

Sibylla Cimmeria. 

St. Elzear. Ct. C. (Sep. 27.) 

— Francisca. V. (n.d.) 

— Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.) 

— Apollomus. M. (July 7.) 

— Sylvester. Ab. C. (Nov. 26.) 

— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.) 

— Beatrix. M. (July 29.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cow. {See also Cattle) 

at her side 

at her side ; pan in hand, kneeling 

leading a cow . 

near her 

red cow at her side 

Cowl 

white, given him by B.V. Mary 

Cradle 

child in cradle, saint dressed as a monk 
in her hand .... 

Crawling 

on hands and feet 

Crescent 

on his breast .... 
on his turban .... 

Cripple 

giving alms to a cripple 
giving clothes to a cripple 
heahng a cripple 

Cripples 

at his tomb with crutches 

round him .... 

*) • • • . 

Crocodile 

at his horse's feet 
riding a crocodile 

Cross 

abbot, holding short cross 

a hand offering him a cross 

and battle-axe . 

and book 

and book, trampling on spiked club 

and flowers in right hand, heart with 

and money, in his hand 

and sceptre 

appearing at her deathbed 

appearing to her 

appearing to him 



at wayside cross, praying 

banner and palm 

banner and sword 

bearing a cross on his shoulder 

bearing a cross on his shoulders, timic 
bearing the cross, crowned with thorns 
between horns of stag . 
,, >} • 

between horns of white stag 
black cross in her hand 
brought by angel 
bound to a T cross 
Calvary cross and sword 
cap and wallet 
carried by friar 
discovered in cell 
double cross 
double cross and spear 
double barred cross and key . 
double Greek cross (Basihan nun) 
dragon killed with cross 
driving away devils with cross 
embracing large cross . 
cross-handled staff and rosary . 
hanging his armour on a cross 
holding a cross, casting out a devil 
in her hand 



cross m 



full of roses 



left 



St.Perpetua. M. (Mar. 7.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Robert. H. (Sep. 24.)] 

— Berlinda. V. (Feb. 3.) 

— Modwenna. V. Abs. (July 6.) 

— Alberic. Ab. C. (Jan. 26.) 

— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 
Sibylla Samia. 

St. Onuphrius. H. (Jime 12.) 

— Willebrord. Abp. (Nov. 7.) 

— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.) 

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.) 

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.) 



Theodore. 
Helenus. 



B.C. 
B.C. 



(Sep. 

(N.D.) 



19.) 



- Ado. Ab. C. (Nov. 18.) 

- Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

- Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 

- Margaret. V.M. (JiUy 20.) 

- Lebuinus. P.C. (Nov. 12.) 

- Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

- PhiUp. Ap. M. (May i.) 

- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

- Hildegardis. V. Abs. (Sep. 17.) 

- Landrada. V. Abs. (July 8.) 

- Ephysius. M. (Jan. 15.) 

- Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.) 

- Richard. K.C. (Feb. 7.) 

- Pancras. M. (May 12.) 

- Proculus. M. (n.d.) 

- Davinus. C. (June 3.) 

- Nemesion. M. (Dec. 19.) 

- Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

- Hubert. B. (Nov. 3.) 

- Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

- Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

- Margaret. Q. (June 10.) 

- Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

- Philip. Ap. M. (May i.) 

- Alban. M. (June 22.) 

- Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

- Patroclus. M. (Jan. 21.) 

- Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

- Phihp. Ap. M. (May i.) 

- Paul. Ap. M. (Jime 29.) 

- Rosaha. V. (Sep. 4.) 

- Florentinus. B.C. (n.d.) 

- Macarius. (Jan. 2.) 

■ Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 

■ Neot. C. (July 31.) 

- Gallicanus. M. (June 25.) 

• Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 
Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 



163 



Saints and their Emblems 



Cross — continued 
in his hand 

in his hand, raven at feet 
in his right hand, veil in left . 
large crowned cross on his breast 
legate's cross, in his hand 
lily and book, crown at her feet 
lily and rosary 

luminous cross over his body . 
luminous cross with dove appearing to her 
making a jewelled cross, angel helping him 
of boughs 

of stars, over her body, 
of the Passion 

patriarchal 

prajdng before a cross, crown on the ground 

red and blue cross, on scapular 

saltire, and book 

saltire, at his back, two fish in his hand 

saltire, behind him 

sawn on a cross 

short double-barred cross in joined hands 

short cross in his hand 

small cross in hand 

small cross with " Hodie," and palm • 

standing on a cross, on water . 

stone cross near him . 

surmounting a crosier, two olive branches arising out 

of three mounds 
tall cross and book 
tall cross and flaming heart 
tall cross and horn of unction 
tall cross at his side 

tall cross, in turban on ground, scimitar underfoot 
tall wooden cross 
tall cross on his cloak, pig at side 
triple cross and mitre, anchor in his hand 
with birds on it 
with crosslets like asperges 
with I.N.R.I. at top, and book 
with large cross as warrior 
cross of asperges 

Crosslet 

double barred, and book 

Crowbars 

in his hand .... 
,, .... 

Crown 

and arms, near him 

and censer .... 

and sceptre at feet, cross of asperges . 

and sceptre, money at feet 

and sceptres, near her 

and scourge 

and sword 



at his feet 



St.Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 

— Benedict. Ab, (Mar. 13.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 



— Enrichus. 

— Stephen. 

— Margaret. 

— Dominic. 

— Lambert. 

— Regina 



C. (Sep. 5.) 
K.C. (Sep. 2.) 

V. (Jan. 28.) 
C. (Aug. 4.) 
B.M. (Sep. 17.) 
V.M. (Sep. 7.) 



Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.) 

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Xena. Abs. (Jan. 24.) 
Sibylla Cimmeria. 
Sibylla Hellespontina, 



St. Gregory, 

— Elesban. 

— Felix. C. 

— Andrew. 
Ibid. 
St. Benignus. 

— Thutael. 

— Bona. V. 

— Bernward. 

— Marcellina. 

— Elzear. Ct 

— Expeditus. 

— Forannan. 



Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 
K.C. (Oct. 27.) 

(Nov. 20.) 
Ap. M. (Nov. 30.) 



M. 



!•) 



(Nov. 
M. (n.d.) 
(May 29.) 
B. (Nov. 20.) 
■ V. (July 17.) 
(Sep. 27.) 
(Apr. 19.) 
(Apr. 30.) 
C. (Oct. 10.) 



C. 
M. 
Ab. 



— Paulinus. Abp. 



— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.) 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 

— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.) 

— Dismas. (Mar. 25.) 

— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.) 

— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.) 

— Procopius. Ab. (July 4.) 

— Alban. (June 22.) 

— Maximus. M. (Apr. 15.) 

— Olympias. M. (Apr. 15.) 



at her feet, city of Poitiers behind her 

at her feet, cross, lily and book 

at her feet, staff and book 

at his feet, as a hermit 

at his feet, as a pilgrim 

book and banner with red cross 

brought by angel 



brought by angel, saint lying on sea shells 
brought by bird, in prison 



— Solomon. 
Virtues. 
St. Procopius. 

— Onuphrius. 

— Susanna. 

— Jehudiel. 

— Alkmund. 

— Catherine. 

— Febronia. 

— Elesbaan. 

— Ivan. H. 

— Radegund. 

— Margaret. 

— Ermenilda. 

— Jodoc. H 

— Richard. 

— Reparata. 

— ApoUinaris 

— Columba. 

— Gertrude. 

— Felix. M. 

— Erasmus. 



K.C. (N.D.) 

Ab. (July 4.) 
H. (Jime 12.) 
V.M. (Aug. II.) 
Archangel 
M. (Mar. 19.) 
V.M. 

V.M. (June 25.) 
K.C. (Oct. 27.) 
(June 24.) 
Q. (Aug. 13.) 
V. (Jan. 28.) 
Q. Abs. (Feb. 13.) 
(Dec. 13.) 
K.C. (Feb. 7.) 
V.M. (Oct. 8.) 

B.M. (July 23.) 
V.M. (Sep. 17.) 
V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 
(Jan. 14.) 
B.M. (June 2.) 



164 



Saints and their Emblems 



Crown — continued 

crosier and book, fish on either side 

double crown in her hand 

double crown on book . 

golden crown in his hand 

held between them, each with a sword 

Imperial crown held by child . 

in habit, crown and mantle near her 

in her hand 

in his hand 

in left hand 

near a girl, freed from devil 

of seven or twelve stars 

on anvil, and hammer . 

on groimd, king kneeling to him 

on table before her 

triple crown and chasuble 

triple crown in hand, and book 

wreath of flowers and palm 

encircling left wrist, Hly in hand 

laying down crown and sceptre 

Crown of Thorns 

and cross, in his hand . 
and flaming heart, in her hand 
and emblems of the Passion 
and reed sceptre 
and spear in her hand . 
in a veil, in her hand . 
receiving a crown of thorns and roses from the Holy 
Infant 

Crowned 

and nailed to a cross 
canying two crowns 
holding book . 



holding book and pahn 

»> It ■ 

holding a church 
holding crosier 

,, . . . 

holding crosier and book 

,, j> ^ • 

holding crosier, book and chain 
holding a lily 
holding a monastery . 
holding palm and book 
holding palm and wheel 
holding pahns and vials 
holding a rose 
kneeUng on wheel 
with a Hon at her side, her hand in its mouth 
with triple tower 

Crowned by 

an angel (the saint dead) 

Our Saviour .... 

two bishops, St. John's Gospel in his hand 

Crowned with Thorns 



St. Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.) 

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 
lUd. 

St. Jehudiel. Archangel. 

SS. Amicus and Amelius. MM. (n.d.) 

St. Wolfgang. B. (Oct. 31.) 

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Potamiana. V.M. (Jime 28.) 

— Nicephorus. M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.) 

— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.) 
B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Ninian. B. (Sep. 16.) 

— Osyth. Q.M. (Oct. 7.) 
Dominations 

St. Anne. Matr. (July 26.) 

— Ceciha. V.M. (Nov. 22.' 
Bl. Isabel. V. (Aug. 31.) 
St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 

— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Haniel. Angel. 
Sibylla Delphica. 
Ihid. 

St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Mary. B.V. (Mar. 25.) 

— WUgefortis. V.M. (July 30.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Columba. V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Gerold. H. (Apr. 19.) 

— Lupo. M. (Sep. 4.) 

— Blida. (n.d.) 

— Mabena. V. (n.d.) 

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs 

— WulveUa. (n.d.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct 

— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.) 

— Beggha. Abs. (Dec. 17.) 

— Mabena. V. Abs. (n.d.) 



19.) 
(Oct. 17.) 



I7-) 



— Catherine. 
PrindpaUties. 
St. Rose. V. 

— Catherine. 

— Euphemia. 

— Barbara. 



V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

(Aug. 30.) 
V.M. (Nov. 25.) 
V.M. (Sep. 16.) 
V.M. (Dec. 4.) 



and bearing the sacred stigmat 
by Our Saviour 
embracing the cross 
a heart on her hand 
holding a heart and book 

nosegay in her hand, the Holy Infant therein 

165 



— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.) 

— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

— Rajraaond. Card. (Aug. 31.) 

— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— WilUam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 
lUi. 

St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

Ihid. 

St. Rose of lima. V. (Aug. 30.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Crowning 

two kings 

Crowns 

and sceptres, before her 
carrpng two crowns 



carrying three crowns in her hand 

carr57ing triple crown . 

two, brought by angel, another at foot 

three, encircling book and palm 

three at his feet 

three in her hand 

three, held overhead by two angels 

three, on palm 

three of four, near him 

three, over his head 

Crosier 

and book, wearing a crown 



and book, ox near her . 

and budding staff 

and casket 

and church, in right hand 

and church, three geese at his feet 

and hammer 

and inkhorn 

and palUum 

and pilgrim's stafi 

and reptiles at his feet 

and taper 

brought him by an angel 

short crosier in his hand 

crown, and book, fish on each side 

crowned, holding book and chain 

devil caught by leg with crosier 

drawing gold coins from water with his crosier 

fish at end of crosier 

in armour, with a well near him 

near water 

one devil pierced by crosier, another standing by him 

star in curve of crosier . 

with battle-axe head . 

with crook turned hke an abbot's 

and sword 



Crosiers 

two, in left hand. Archbishop's cross in right 

Crucified 



and disembowelled 
a child, crucified 
his flesh torn . 
head downward 



man cutting his breast 

over fire 

stoned, and pierced with arrows 

two mallets at his feet 

with many nails 

with ropes 



St. Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 



■ Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.) 

■ Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

• Elizabeth. Q- (Nov. 19.) 
Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 

■ Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

■ Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 
Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

• Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 
Louis. B. (Aug. 19.) 
Elizabeth of Hungary (Nov. 19.) 
Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 
Veneranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.) 
Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.) 
Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 



Etheldreda. 
Withburga. 
Frideswide. 
Etheldreda. 
Opportuna. 
Petrock. Ab. 
Martin. Pope 
Eligius. B.C. 



Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 
V. (Mar. 17.) 
V. (Oct. 19.) 
Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 
V. Abs. (Apr. 22.) 

(June 4.) 
M. (Nov. 12.) 

(Dec. I.) 



Bede. C. (May 27.) 
Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 
Maternus. B.C. (Sep. 18.) 
Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.) 
Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.) 
Barloke. Ab. (n.d.) 

■ Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.) 

■ Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

- Ronan. B.H. (June i.) 

■ Radingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.) 

■ Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.) 

■ Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 
• Mauros. Ab. (Jan. 15.) 

Ab. (Mar. 21.) 
B.C. (Mar. i.) 
Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 
B.C. 



■ Benedict. 

■ Sinibert. 

■ Thomas. 

Gracian. B.C. (n.d.) 
Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.) 
Engelbert. Abp. M. (Nov, 
Januarius. B. (Sep. 19.) 



7-) 



166 



— Dubricius. Abp. C. (Nov. 14.) 

— Alexander of Lyons. M. (Apr. 22.) 

— Apollonius. M. (Apr. 5.) 

— Julian. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.) 

— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Serapion. M. (Jan. 31.) 

— WilMam of Norwidi. Ch. M. (Mar.24.) 

— Didymus. M. (n.d.) 

— Calhopus. M. (Apr. 7.) 

— Gemellus. M. (Dec. 10.) 

— Peter. Ap. M. (June 29.) 

— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.) 

— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.) 

— EulaUa. V.M. (Dec. 10.) 
SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. 
St. Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— JuHa. V.M. (May 23.) 

— Nestor. B.M. (Feb. 27.) 

— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 30.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Crucifix 

and casket, on table . 

and ducal coronet 

and enflamed heart appearing to her 

and open book in his hand 

and pahn 

arms of crucifix extended to her 

bending towards him . 

blessing her 

blessing him 

contemplating a crucifix 

embracing her . 

embracing him with one arm . 

ending in leaves and flowers 

in her hand, dove overhead 

in right hand, book with Holy Infant standing on it in 

his left .... 

kneeling before crucifix, devil fljring off 
kneeUng before a radiant crucifix 
kneeling, offering a crucifix to her husband 
Hly, and discipline 

lily and palm, and open book in right hand 
pointing to it . 

and book .... 

in her arms, kissing it 
prostrate before crucifix, angel at her side 
recovering his sight at foot of crucifix . 
red crucifix, in hand 
speaking to him 

II ... 

stabbed before crucifix, distaff near her 
staff, and rosary 
standing before her 
terminating in lilies in his hand 
the feet withdrawn from his kiss 
upon a heart in her hand 
with diamonds on the sacred wounds . 
with lily entwined, in his hand 
and rosary, in her lap (in a cave) 
before him, lion at his side 
kneeling over crucifix, rosary in hand . 
in her lap, saint wearing pilgrim's hat . _ 
winged crucifix appearing to him, saint receiving 

stigmata ...... 

Cruets 

three, on a book ..... 

two, in his right hand ..... 

Crutch 

crutch-shaped stick, piercing a dragon with it . 
crutches brought to his tomb by cripples 

Cuirass 

red hot, placed on him. . . . . 

Cup 

and dagger in his hand 

and palm 

and serpent 

serpent issuing, and crucifix 

and staff . 

a poison cup in his hand 

blind, receiving a cup from K. Totila 

breaking, Uquid spilt . 

broken, serpent issuing therefrom 

covered cup . • 

dragon issuing from it . 

in his hand 

II . . . • 

in one hand, bloody sponge in the other 
jewelled cup in his hand 
nail in hand over a cup, hammer below 

167 



St. Charles. Abp. 

— Francisca. V. 

— Erentrude. V. 

— Vincent Ferrer. 

— Lawrence. D. 

— Lutgardis. V. 

— John Gualberto. 

— Hedwig. W, 

— Nilus. Ab. 



(Nov. 4.) 

(N.D.) 

Abs. (June 30.) 
C. (Apr. 5.) 
(Aug. 10.) 
(June 16.) 
Ab. (July 12.) 
(Oct. 17.) 
(Sep. 26.) 



Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.) 
Catherine. V. (Feb. 13.) 
Camillus. C. (July 14.) 
Pellegrino. C. (Aug. i.) 
Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 
Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.) 
Scholastica. V. Abs. (Feb. 10.) 

Antony. C. (June 13.) 

Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

Bona Ventura. B.C. Dr. (July 14.) 

Waltrudis. (Apr. 9.) 

Aloysius Gonzaga. C. (June 21.) 

■ Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 
John Capistran. C. (Oct. 23.) 
Colette. V. (Mar. 6.) 

• Etheldritha. V. (Aug. 7.) 

■ Mary. R. (June 28.) 

■ Albert. C. (Aug. 7.) 

■ Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

■ Dimstan. Abp. (May 19.) 

■ Thomas Aquinas. (Mar. 7.) 

• Solangia. V.M. (May 10.) 

- Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 
■Maura. V.M. (Nov. 30.) 

- Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.) 

- Pius V. Pope. C. (May 5.) 

- Catherine. V. ' (Apr. 30.) 

• Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

- Nicholas of Tolentino. C. (Sep. 10.) 

- Eustochium. V. (Sep. 28.) 

- Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 

- Martian. H. (Feb. 13.) 

- Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.) 

- Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 



— Heydrop. 
Ibid. 



B.C. (N.D.) 



St. Liefard. Ab. (June 3.) 

— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (Jime 2.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Chamael. Angel. 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Sabinus. B. (Feb. 9.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Portianus. Ab. C. (Nov. 

— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.) 

— John Evan. (Dec. 27.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Joseph Barsabas. B.C. 

— Pudentia. V.M. (May 19.) 

— PoUio. Le. (Apr. 28.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 



24.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



his hands manacled 



Cup — continued 

of wine in her hand 

on book 

refusing 'a cuplat table 

serpent drinkirig at cup ; 

serpent issuing from it 

serpent near it 

winged serpent issuing from it 

with diamond in it 

with serpent above it . 

broken, on a book 

wooden cup, in his hand 

jewelled cup, in his hand 

Cups 

hanging from his neck . 

two, in his hands 

jewelled cups, presenting them to the Holy Infant 

Cutlass, or Fish Knife 

in her hand ..... 

Cycles 

(Greek) inscribed on his chair . 

Dagger 

and cup in his hand 
and falcon 
and palm 

it 
and sceptre 
and sword 
in her hand 
in his hand 

in hand, wound in neck 
in left hand, head cloven 
lance and arrow 
stabbed with . 

,, ... 

Dalmatic 

angel in dalmatic at her side . 
in dalmatic, with book and palm 
>> >> 

Dart. {See Lance) 
Darts 

and vases, in their hands 
Deacon 

as a deacon 



in mitre and cope, broken arrow in his breast 
with stones in napkin . 

Dead. {See also Corpse) 

his body beaten by the devil . 

his body guarded by a bird 

his body guarded by a wolf 

his body guarded by wolves 

his body in a ship, sailing against the stream 

his body washed up by the sea . 

her body with one hand cut off 

a flight of doves following her body 

lying in an open tomb, sick pra3ring around her 

his body borne by angels in the air 

his body in a coffin, in a boat . 

Deathbed 

B. Sacrament brought to her at her deathbed 
B.V. Mary appearing to her 



B.V. Mary appearing to him 
Our Saviour appearing to him 



St. Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Chariton. H. (Sep. 38.) 

— John a Facundo. C. (June 12.) 

— James of Marchia. C. (Nov. 28.) 

— John. Evan. (Dec. 27.) 

— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.) 

— Licinus. B.C. (Feb. 13.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Pollio. Le. M. (Apr. I28.) 

— John of God. C. (Mar. 8.) 

— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.) 
The Magi. 

St. Sura. V.M. (June 8.) 

— Hippolytus. B.M. (Aug. 22.) 



K.M. (Mar. 18.) 



(Jan. 21.) 
(Dec. 2.) 
(Mar. 18.) 
(July 8.) 
(Sep. 19.) 
(July 29.) 



— Edward. 
lUd. 
St. Agnes. V.M. 

— Bibiana. V.M. 

— Edward. K.M, 

— Kilian. B.M. 

— Lucy. V. 

— Olaf. K.M 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 

— Canute. K.M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Irene. V.M. (Oct. 20.) 

— Solangia. V.M. (May 10.) 

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.) 

— Gervasius. M. (June 19.) 

— Protasius. M. (Jime 19.) 



SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.) 

St. Faustinus. M. (Feb. 15.) 

— Stephen. M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Blaise. B. (Feb. 3.) 

— Vincent. M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— Romulus. Sdn. (Mar. 24.) 

— Stephen. M. (Dec. 26.) 



Alphege. B.M. (Apr. 19.) 
Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 
Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 
Carpophorus. M. (Aug. 27.) 
Melanus. B. (Jan. 6.) 
Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 
Attala. V. Abs. (Dec. 3.) 
• Georgia. V. (Feb. 15.) 
■ Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 
Wencfeslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 
Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.) 



Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.) 
Opportuna. V. (Apr. 22.) 
Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 
Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.) 
Canaillus. C. (July 14.) 



168 



Saints and their Emblems 



Deed 

devil giving up deed to him 
giving a charter to a kneeling cleric 
(papal bull) in his hand 
receiving deed from St, Wulstan 
(with seal) in his hand 

Defending a City 

the city of Brescia 
the city of Troyes 
the walls of Naples 

Delivering 

a child from an oven . 
a city from plague, by prayer 
a man from a dragon . 
St. Bernard, from a castle 
a princess from a dragon 

Devil 

and world, trampled by him . 

as a goat near him 

as raven, stealing his bread 

as scorpion, appearing in prison 

as young woman, tempting him 

at his feet 

beating him with a club 

his bell broken by devil 

blowing out her candle, angel lighting 

casting out a devil 



it 



carr3ring away his former companion 

cast out, near him 

cast out of a boy 

cast out of a man by cross 

cast out of a woman . 

cast out of a woman, led by rope 

caught by leg with his crosier 

chained, at his feet 

chained, led by her 

chained, in his hand 

crosier end piercing head 

depressing scale, pierced with angel's staff 

driving away the devil 

driven away by cross 

>i It 

driven away with wand 
driving devil off large stone 
flying away with him . 
freeing a girl from devil, crown near 
giving up a deed to him 
held down by his staff 
holding a chained devU 

holding her hands 

holding him in fire, angel protecting him 

in one scale, a soul in the other 

issuing from a child's mouth 

issuing from a man at mass 

mocking her 

near him 

on chain 

»> 
on chain, white dog at his feet 
on his shoulder 
pierced by her sword 
scourging a chained devil 
seized with his pincers 
tau cross piercing foot of devil 
tempting her at prayers 
tempting him . 
threatening it with an aspergill 



St.Theophilus. Pen. (Feb. 4.) 

— Edward the Confessor. K. 

— Ansehn. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 

— Aldhehn. B. (May 25.) 

— Ives. C. (n.d.) 

— James. B. (July 15.) 

— Faustus. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Lupus. B.C. (July 29.) 

— Agnellus. Ab. (Dec. 14.) 



Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 
Gallus. B.C. (July i.) 
Anatolia. M. (July 9.) 
Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 
George. M. (Apr. 23.) 



• John. C. (June 12.) 

• Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.) 

■ Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 

■ Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.) 

- Albert. C. (Aug. 7.) 

■ Michael. Archangel. 

■ Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 

- Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

- Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

- Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

■ Melanius. B.C. (Jan. 6.) 

• Silvin. B.C. (Feb. 17.) 

■ Ursmar. B.C. (Apr. 19.) 

■ Landelin. Ab. (June 15.) 
Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.) 
Hildulphus. B.C. (July 11.) 

• Linus. Po. M. (Sep. 23.) 
Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.) 
Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.) 
Ronan. B.H. (June i.) 
Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 
Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.) 
C3n:iacus. B.M. (May 4.) 
Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

• Michael. Archangel. 
Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 
Justina. V.M. (Sep. 26.) 
Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.) 
John. Ab. (n.d.) 
Oswald. Abp. (Feb. 29.) 
Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 
Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.) 
Theophilus. Pen. (Feb. 4.) 
John. Ab. (July 12.) 
Angela. V. (Jan. 4.) 
Severus. P.C. (Aug. 8.) 
Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 
Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 
Michael. Archangel. 
Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.) 
Gaudentius. B.M. 
Gertrude. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 
Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.) 
Armagil. Mk. (Aug. 16.) 
Ronan. B.C. (June i.) 

• Bernard. Ab. Dr. (Aug. 20.) 
■Goar. P.C. (July 6.) 

• Djnnphna. V.M. (May 15.) 

• Juliana. V. (Feb. 16.) 

■ Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.) 

■ Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

■ Madelberta. V. Abs. (Sep. 7.) 

• Nathaniel. H. (n.d.) 

■ Robert. H. (Sep. 14.) 



169 



Saints and their Emblems 



Devil — continued 

throwing her into a well 

throwing stones on him 

trampling on a devil . 

trampling on a devil, flaying knife in hand 

trampling on a devil, holding spear and shield 

with bell, at his feet 

with bellows, on her shoulder . 

with candle, saint writing 

with hook, tomb with crosier in it near 

Devils 

appearing, saint preaching 
beating dead monk 
casting out devils 

ti • 

cast out by his cross . 

i) • 

disturbing his prayers . 
driven from pagan temple 
flying from him 
putting devils to flight 

scourging chained devils 
tormenting him 

Diamond 

falling in his chalice 
in his chalice . 

Digging 

in a garden 

his cloak hanging from a tree 

Discipline 

in hand 



with lily and crucifix . 

Discovered 

in cave by hunters 

in solitude by shepherd 

Dish 

collecting money in it 
her eyes in it . 
in his hand 



partridge in it 

silver dish (broken) in his hand 

with cowled head on it 

Distaff 

and spindle, sheep near her 
embracing a distaff 
mice on it . 
spinning with it 

Doe 

following him . 
near him 



rescued from hunter 

Does 

two does at her feet, church in her hand 

Dog 

at his feet 

at his side 

dead, near him 

greyhound, at his side 

in leash 

Irish wolfhound, at his feet 

170 



St. Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.) 

— Romanus. H. (n d.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Theodulus. M. (Jan. 14.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 



— Stephen. B.C. 

— Alphege. B.M. 

— Conrad. B.C. 

— Zenobius. B.C. 

— Macarius. H. 



(Sep. 7.) 
(Apr. 19.) 

(Nov. 26.) 
(May 25.) 

(Jan. 2.) 



— Philip. Ap. (May i.) 



Cuthbert. 'B.C. 

— Gregory. B.C. 

— Columba. Ab. 
Ibid. 

St. Guthlac 
Choir of Powers 
St. Wolfgang. B.C. 



(Mar. 20.) 
(Nov. 17.) 
(June 9.) 



H. (Apr. II.) 



(Oct. 31.) 



— Lupus. 
Ibid. 



Abp. (Sep. I.) 



St. Fiacre. C. (Aug. 30.) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Calais. (July i.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Ansbert. B.C. (Feb. 9.) 

— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.) 

— Aloysius. C. (June 21.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Avitus. Ab. (Jime 17.) 



- Csndacus. B.M. (May 4.) 

- Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

- Odulph. C. (July 18.) 

- Peter. Abp. (Dec. 4.) 

■ Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

- Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

- Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.) 

■ Germaine. V. (June 15.) 
Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 
Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 
Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 



Fructuosus. Abp. C. (Apr. 
Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.) 
Maximus. B. (June 25.) 
Neot. C. (July 31.) 



— Withburga. V. (Mar. 17.) 



16.) 



Wendelin. H. 
Benignus. M. 
Godfrey. B.C. 
Ferdinand. K. 
Vitus. Ch. M. 
Donatus. B.C. 



(Oct. 21.) 
(Nov. I.) 
(Nov. 8.) 
(May 30.) 
(June 15.) 
(Oct. 22.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Dog — continued 

licking his wounds 

mad dog, killed by sign of cross 

mad dog, near him 

small dog at her feet (Franciscan nun) 

white dog at his feet . 

with loaf in its mouth near him 

with torch, firing a globe 

Dogs 

near her . . . . 

his tongue thrown to dogs 

Dolphin 

bringing his body to shore 
brought to land by a dolphin . . 
leaning on sword, dolphin at his feet . 
near him . . . . 



Dolphins 

bringing his body to land 
brought to land by dolphins . 
supported by dolphins in the sea 

Dominican 

a boy before him, Our Saviour appearing to him 

dove breathing flames in his right ear . 

cup with serpent issuing, and crucifix . 

with dove on book 

with flames in left hand 

friar, wearing pallium . 

crowned with thorns . 

with I H S on his lips . 

with large gold cross, crowned, on his breast . 

with nail and book in his hand 

nun, lily in hand .... 

restoring a drowned youth 

with roses on her head 

with three flowers in right hand, golden crucifix in left 

wearing a cardinal's hat 

with blue candle in his hand . 

with mitre and open book 

with two-handed saw in his hand 

with golden rays issuing from his left hand 

Dove 

a dove near him 
near him, saint wearing tiara . 
at her ear, saint wearing biretta 
at his ear 



it 

at his ear near altar 

at his side 

breathing flames in his right ear 

bringing the Blessed Sacrament to him 

bringing her a crown . 

bringing her a ring 

bringing him a gold box 

descenmng to her 

fiery dove over his head 

giving her a nun's veil . 

guiding a vessel 

hovering near him 

issuing from her mouth 



issuing from his mouth 



lily, and book 
near her 
near him 



St. Roch. C. 

— Parthenius. 

— Uhic. B. 

— Margaret. 

— Bernard. 

— Roch. C, 

— Dominic. 



(Aug. i6.) 
C. (Feb. 7.) 

(July 4-) 
Pen. (Feb. 22.) 
Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

(Aug. 16.) 
C. (Aug. 4-) 



— Sira. V.M. (June 8.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.) 

— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Basil. H. (Mar. 26.) 

— Callistratus. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.) 

— Ambrose. (Mar. 20.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.)- 

— Aerichus. C. (May 18.) 

— Vincent. C. (n.d.) 

— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 

— Catherine. V. (Feb. 13.) 

— Peter. C. (Aug. 2.) 

— Enrichus. C. (Sep. 5.) 

— Umbert. C. (n.d.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Ceslas. C. (July 20.) 

— Rose. V. (Aug. 30.) 

— Marulius. C. (n.d.) 

— Latinus. B. (Mar. 24.) 

— Peter. C. (Apr. 15.) 

— Albert. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.) 
Bl. John. C. (n.d.) 

St. John. C. (July 31.) 

— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Celestine I. Pope. (Apr. 6.) 

— Cimibert. Abp. (Nov. 12.) 
Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

(Oct. 19.) 

(Mar. 7.) 
(May 19.) 
M. (Jan. 20.) 
(Mar. 20.) 



— Gregory. 

— Peter. C. 

— Thomas. Dr.C 

— Dunstan. Abp. 

— Fabian. Pope. 

— Ambrose. O.P. 

— Albert of Ogra. (n.d.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Remigius. B.C. (Oct. i, 

— Marina. V. (June 18.) 

— Lo. B. (Sep. 21.) 



) 



Aldegund. V. 



Devota 

— Dunstan. 

— Devota. 

— EulaUa. 

— Reparata 

— Agapius. 

— Agilulf 



V.M 

Abp. 
V.M. 
V.M. 
. V.M 

M. 
B.M. 
C. 



— Spes. Ab. 

— Columba. V. 

— EulaHa. V.M 



Abs. (Jan. 30.) 
(Jan. 27.) 
(May 19.) 
(Jan. 27.) 
(Feb. 12.) 
(Oct. 8.) 
(Nov. 20.) 

(July 9) 

(Mar. 28.) 
(May 20.) 
(Dec. 10.) 



— Ambrose. C.Dr. (Apr. 4.) 



171 



Saints and their Emblems 



Dove — continued 
on book 

on cross appearing to her, a prisoner near 
on globe 
on her head 

on his arm, a hand giving him a pen 
on his head 



on his shoulder 



on his staff 
over her head \ 



over his head 



over his head, and a column of fire 
over two priests, near her 
preaching on hill, dove on his shoulder 
flying round him 

Doves 

flight of doves accompan3ring her corpse 
three doves in a basket 
three doves over him . 

Dragged 

at the tail of wild horses 



by a horse 

by her feet and stoned 

by horses 

by the neck 

by a wild bull . 

up temple steps by a man with sword 

Dragon 

at her feet 

at his feet 

at his side 

at his side, key in his hand 

behind, aspergill and basin in her hand 

behind, lamb before her 

bound with her girdle . 

chained 



chained at his side, two men holding chain 

chained, near him 

destroyed by prayer 

dragged into a fire 

driven away by him 

driving a dragon into the sea . 

driving a dragon away 

guarding a ladder 

holding a chained dragon 

holding a dragon, stole round its neck 

holding lower end of his crosier 

issuing from a dragon . 

killed with his cross 

as a king, trampling a dragon . 

delivering man from dragon 

pierced with crutched stick, and book 

pierced with his spear 

driving a dragon from a well . 

as a pilgrim, trampling a dragon 

struck with his sword . 



St. Aerichus. C. (May i8.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Catherine. V. (Nov. 25.) 

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 

— Cunibert. Abp. (Nov. 12.) 

— Eunurchus. C. (Sep. 7.) 



— Evertius. 

— Gregory. 

— Severus. 

— Thurian. 

— Maurilius 

— Bridget. 

— Catherine. 

— Ida. W. 



B. (Sep. 7.) 

Pope. CD. (May 25.) 

B. (Feb. I.) 

B.C. (N.D.)1 

B.C. (Sep. 13.) 
W. (Oct. 8.) 

V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

(Sep. 4.) 



Hilary. Abp. C. (May 5.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— MauriUus. B.C. (Sep.'^ia.) 

— Medard. B. (June 8.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Sampson. B.C. (July 28.) 

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 

— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 17.) 

— David. Abp. (Mar. i.) 

— Ives. C. (n.d.) 



— Georgia. V. 

— Joachim. C. 

— Medard. B. 


(Feb. 15.) 
(Mar. 20.) 
(June 8.) 


— Martinian. M. (Oct. 16.) 

— Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Tryphon. M. (July 3.) 

— Cointha. V.M. (Feb. 8.) 

— Hippoljrtus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Mark. Evan. (Apr. 25.) 

— Saturninus. B.M. (Nov. 29.) 

— Sabina. W. (Jan. 30.) 



• Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 
Tugdual. B. (Nov. 30.) 
Mercurial. B. (n.d.) 
Servatius. B. (May 13.) 

• Martha. V. (July 29.) 
Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 
Martha. V. (July 29.) 
John of Rheims. (n.d.) 
JuUana. V.M. (Feb. 16.) 
Romanus. M. 
Cyriacus. M. 
Victoria. V.M 
Hypatius. B.I 
Julian. B.M. 
Paul. B.C. 
Leo. Pope 



(Nov. 18.) 
(May 4.) 
(Dec. 23.)? 
.M. (Aug. 29.) 

(Jan. 27.) 
(Mar. 12.) 
(July 17.) 



M. (Mar. 7.) 
Pope. (Dec. 31.) 
Abp. (Oct. 23.) 
B. (Nov. I.) 
B.C. (Feb. 6.) 



V.M. (July 20.)! 



Perpetua. 

■ Sylvester. 

• Romanus. 

• Marcellus. 

■ Amandus. 

■ Margaret. 

• Florentinus. B.C. "(n'd.) 

■ Efflam. C. (Nov. 6.) 
Anatolia. M. (July 9.) 

• Liefard. Ab. (June 3.) 

■ George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

• Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 
■Willebold. Ct. C. (Nov. 

Michael. Archangel. 



2-) 



172 



Saints and their Emblems 



Dragon — continued 

trampling on a dragon 
transfixed by pastoral staff 
vanquished with her crucifix . 
with seven heads, led bound by him 
with three heads, pierced with spear 

Driving away 

a fleet of pirates 

an army of Arabs 

caterpillars, from a tree 

a female devil with horns and fish's tail 

serpents .... 

Dromedary 

bound to a dromedary 

Drowned 

in the sea ' . 

with leaden weights tied to him 
with stone tied to her neck 
drowned boy, at his feet 

Drowning 

in a river .... 

Dying 

B.V. Mary appearing to Saint . 



in a shed .... 

in 'penitential habit 

in*sackcloth and ashes 

on altar steps 

Our Saviour appearing to receive his soul 

the Blessed Sacrament brought to her . 

Eagle 

above him .... 
at her side .... 
at his feet .... 
bringing him a Benedictine habit 
finding infant in cornfield near him 
guarding his body 

hovering over his body, floating in river 
issuing from a barrel . 
near her .... 

near him .... 

on book .... 

screening him while asleep 
sheltering him from rain 

>* yf ' • 

showing him a site for a monastery 
at his side .... 

Eel 

giving poor man a golden eel . 

Eggs 

plate of eggs in hand, hen at her side . 

Emblems of the Passion 

in hand 



Emperor 

appearing to a young Emperor (Henry), the words " Post 

Sex " above him .... 
at his deathbed .... 

baptising the Emperor Constantine 
(Henry) kneeling to him 

kneeling, B.V. Mary and Holy Infant appearing 
presenting a monstrance . . 

remonstrating with the Emperor Julian 
reproaching an Emperor 

178 



St. Elizabeth. V. Abs. (June i8.) 

— Magnoald. Ab. (Sep. 6.) 

— Martha. V. (July 29.) 

— Germanus. B. (July 31.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Constablis. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Luke. Ab. (Oct. 13.) 

— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.) 

— Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.) 

— Hilary. Abp. C. (May 5.) 

— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 

— JuUan. M. (Mar. 16.) 

— Apollonius. M. (Apr. 5.) 

— Justus. M. (Aug. 6.) 

— Sjnnphrosa. M. (July 18.) 

— Ceslas. C. (July 20.) 

— Pigmanian. P.M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Opportuna. V. (Apr. 22.) 

— Radbod. B.C. (Nov. 29.) 

— Francis. C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Regnier. C. (July 17.) 

— Landelin. Ab. C. (June 15.) 

— Andrew. C. (Nov. 10.) 

— Camillus. C. (July 14.) 

— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.) 

— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.) 

— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.) 

— Theodoric. P.H. (July i.) 

— Albert. P.H. (Apr. 7.) 

— Agericus. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Florian. M. (May 4.) 

— Benedict. M. (n.d.) 

— John. Ap. (Dec. 27.) 

— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.)] 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

— John. Ap. (Dec 27.) 

— Servatius. B. (May 13.) 

— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.) 

— Medard. B. (June 8.) 

— Theodoric. (Jan. 27.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 



— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.) 

— Pharaildis. V. (Jan. 4.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Bernard. Ab. (Aug. 20.) 

— Edelburge. V. Abs. (July 7.) 

— James. Mk. (n.d.) 

— Teresa. V. (Oct 15.) 



— Wolfgang. B. (Oct. 31.) 

— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.) 

— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.) 

— Heribert. B.C. (Mar. 16.) 
Sibylla Tiburtina. 

St. Sola. H. (Dec. 3.) 

— Artemius. M. (Oct. 20.) 

— Zeno. M. (n.d.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Escaping 

from a window. 

in boat, from a prison . 

Ewer 

in his hand .... 
in his hand, devil on shoulder . 
large, in her hand 

Ewers 

two or three, on a book 

Exchanging hearts with Christ 

angel holding crown and crown of thorns 

Executioner 

attempting his life 

at his side, saint kneeling 

a I 

Exorcising a boy 



a dragon, by sign of the cross 
a girl . 



possessed persons 



a possessed woman 



a demon (saint on ass's back) 
a demon, crouching on a stone 
a nobleman's servant . 

Extracting a thorn 

from a bear's paw 
from a child's throat . 
from a lion's paw 

Eye 

on each face of a stone 

as an emblem . 

his right eye covered with his hand 

pointing to his eye 

Eyes 

on a book, or at her feet 

on a book on the ground 

of his executioner dropping out 

his eyes in a cloth held by angels 

gimlets in his eyes 

in his hand 

plucked out 

plucked out, and hands cut off 
in a reliquary . 
on a shell, book, or dish 
wimbles in his eyes 

Faggots 

carrjnng them to an oven 

Falcon. {See also Hawk) 

a boy with a falcon on his wrist 
and dagger 
on his hand 
hooded, on his wrist 
perched on his cell 
on his wrist 

Fasces 

lictor's fasces near her 

Fawn 

near him in a cave 



St. Bernard. C. (June 15.) 

— Adelheid. Emps. (Dec. 12.) 

— Romanus. M. (Aug. 9.) 

— Goar. P.C. (July 6.) 

— Ehzabeth. Q. (July 8.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. zz.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Athenogenes. M. (July 14.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 

— Modestus. M. (Feb. 24.) 

— Potentianus. Abp. (n.d.) 

— Eleutherius. Ab. (Sep. 6.) 

— Hildulphus. Abp. (July 11.) 

— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.) 

— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. ( 

— Aper. B.C. (Sep. 15.) 

— Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Linus. Pope. M. (Sep. 23.) 

— Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.) 

— Ewald the White. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— Epiphanus. B. (Jan. 21.) 

— Phihp. C. (Aug. 23.) 

— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
— • Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 



•) 



Zacharius. Pt. 
St. Laudomer. B. 

— Paul. Ap. M. 

— Longinus. (Mar. 



(Oct. 2.) 
(June 30.) 
15.) 



Othilia. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.) 
Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.) 
Alban. M. (June 22.) 
Goeric. B. (Sep. 19.) 
Loedegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 
Trophinus. M. (Dec. 29.) 
Benno. B.C. (June 16.) 
Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 
Mennas. M. (Nov. 11.) 
Rosaline. V. (June 11.) 
Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 
Acheolus. M. (May i.) 
Solomon. K.M. (June 25.) 

- Helladius. B. (Jan. 8.) 

Dentlin. Ch. (July 14.) 
Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 
Julian Hospitator. H. (n.d.) 
Jeron. C. (Nov. 7.) 
Otho. H. (n.d.) 
Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 



174 



Saints and their Emblems 



Feather 

lamb carrying long feather, by her side 
peacock's feather and tower in her hand 

Fed by an angel 

in prison .... 

with her dying child, in the desert 

Fed by angels .... 

by angels on an island 

Felling a tree 

as bishop, felling an oak 

Feet 

and hand, cut off 
and hands, cut off 



hands, and head, cut off 
nailed to ground 

Ferrying travellers over a river 

Fetters 

broken, in his hand 
on hands and feet 
on his legs 

Fire 

(ball of) fire near hitn . 

before him 

behind him 

carrjring fire in his lap 

carrying fire in his rochet 

cloud of fire overhead . 

column of fire near, dove at his head 

extinguished by rain, lion near her 

extinguishing it with his crosier 

great fire near him 

his arm in it . 

hung over it 

in his hand, walking on sea 

near him . . 

piUar of fire above him 

round his head 

standing in a fire, sword in her neck 

suppressing a fixe by prayer 

,, >» ' 

,, ti • 

tongues of fire, on her head 

throwing a paper into a fire 

thrown into a fire 

walking on fire, pig on either side 

walking through fire unhurt . 
,, )) • 

Firebrand. {See Torch) 
Firepan 

and knife 

Fish 

and bread, in his hand 
and bucket, at his side, 
angel bringing it to him 
angel bringing fish, axe laid at 
angel bringing fish on plate 
at end of his crosier 
carried by a raven 
hanging to two keys . 
as a child, holding a fish 
in his hand 



foot of 



in his hand or on a book 



oak 



St. Barbara. 
lUd. 



V.M. (Dec. 4.) 



St, Concord. P.M. (Jan. 2.) 

— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.) 

— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.) 

— Adebric. C. (n.d.) 



— Boniface. Abp. M. (Jime 5.) 

— Emmeran. B.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— James. C. (Nov. 27.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Basilissa. M. (Apr. 15.) 

— Tryphon. M. (Julys.) 

— JuUan Hospitator. (n.d.) 



- Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

• Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 
Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

- Benedict. (Mar. 21.) 

■ Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 

■ Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 

■ Brice. B. (Nov. 13.) 

■ Turibius. B.C. (Apr. 16.) 

• Ceslas. C. (July 20.) 

- Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 

- Theda. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 

• Martial. B.C. (June 30.) 

■ Cammin. Ab. (Mar. 25.) 

• WiUiam. P.H. (Apr. 24.) 

• Andochius. M. (Sep. 24.) 

• Peter. C. O.P. (Apr. 15.) 
Barnabas. Ap. (June 11.) 

■ Brioch. B.C. (May i.) 

• Tanguidus. Ab. (n.d.) 

• Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 
Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.) 

■ Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 
Lupus. B.C. (Sep. 1.) 
Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 

■ WUhbald. B. (July 7.) 
Constantius. B.M. (Jan. 29.) 
Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 
Boniface. Abp. M. (June 19.) 
Peter. B.C. (n.d.) 



Abraham. Pt. 



St. Berthold, 

— Corentin. 

— ComgaU. 

— Boniface. 

— Berthold. 

— Zeno. B.C. 

— Arnoald. B. 



Ab. (July 27.) 
B. (Dec. 12.) 
Ab. (May 10.) 
Abp. M. (June 5.) 
Ab. (July 27.) 
(Apr. 12.) 
(July 18.) 



— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Simeon. B.M. (Feb. 18.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.) 

— John. C. (Oct. 10.) 

— Nicholas. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Ulric. B. (July 4.) 



175 



Saints and their Emblems 



Fish — continued 

on a book, and two keys 

on a vertical book 

staff, and gourd 

Tobias with fish near Archangel 

with bell in its mouth . 

with key in its mouth . 

with key tied to its neck 

with ring in its mouth 

with two keys in its mouth 

under her feet . 

(a sturgeon) at her side 

(a salmon) with a ring in its gills 

giving an eel to a poor man 

Fishes 

answering a bell near him 

coming to him c 

supporting his body in the water 

on either side, crown, crosier, and book in her hands 

preaching to fishes 

two on a dish, pitcher in her hand 

two. in his hand 

two, on a half hoop 

Fish-hooks 

in his hand ... 

Fishing-rod 

in his hand 

Flagon 

chalice and Host in his hand . 

of wine, basket of bread 

and large double-toothed comb 

Flail 

in his hand 

Flames 

in his hand 

and sword at her feet . 

and sword, in hand, or at feet 

elevating the Host, in flames . 

hanging over flames, head downwards 

issuing from her breast 

in his hand 

of a city near him, angels extinguishing them 

over her head . 

pra3dng in flames 

stabbed in midst of flames 

surrounded by flames . 

walking through flames 

watching Charles Martel in flames 

behind him, saint holding chains 

Flask 

of oil, and lantern 

of red liquid, held in a shrine . 

Flasks 

filling flasks at a stream 

three flasks of oil on hook, angel bringing her a fourth 

Flayed alive 

at the stake ...... 

Flaying knife 

in his hand ...... 

Fleet 

of pirates, driven away by him 

of pirates, signalled by him .... 

of ships, in the distance .... 

176 



St. Benno. B.C. (Jan. i6.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.): 

— Raphael. Archangel. 
IhiA. 

St. Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.) 

— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Egwin. B.C. (Jan. 11.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Benno. B.C. (Jime 16.) 

— Amoald. B. (July 18.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 

— Amalberga. V. (July 10.) 

— Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.) 



12.) 



— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.) 

— Berthold. Ab. (July 27.) 

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.) 

— Antony. C. (June 13.) 

— B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

— Andrew. Ap. (Nov. 30.) 

— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.) 

— Zeno. M. (n.d.) 

— Zeno. B.C. (Apr. 12.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— EHzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— Varus. M. (Oct. 19.) 



Antony of Padua. C. 

• Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

• Uriel. Archangel. 

■ Yvo. C. (May 22.) 

• Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.) 

■ Mary. V. (May 25.) 
Vincent. C. (n.d.) 
Alexander. M. (Jan. 15.) 
Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 
Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.) 
Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.) 
Afra. M. (Aug. 5) 
Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.) 
Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.) 

■ Epimarchus. M. (Dec. 12.) 

Mary of Cabeza. (n.d.) 

• Antony. C. (June 13.) 

Omobuono of Cremona. 
Walburges. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 



SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM. 
(Oct. 25.) 

St. Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Constabilus. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Winwaloe, Ab. (Mar. 3.) 

— Pius. Pope. C. (May 5.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Fleurs-de-Lis 

on his habit . . . . , 

on her tunic . . . , 

on his shield . . . . , 

on her mantle . . . . , 

Flies 

stinging him in the desert 
Floating in the sea 

with an anchor round his neck, 
with weights tied to their necks 

Flower. (/See also Lily, Rose) 

in her hand . . . . , 

in his hand . . . . . 

ten-leaved simflower in her hand 

Flowers 

basket of flowers in her hand, roses in her lap 

birds strewing her body with . 

branch with three white flowers 

growing from her neck, head in hand . 

in her apron . . . . . 

iy • • • • • 

three, in her hand . . . . 

three, in his hand . . . . 

three in his hand, and crucifix 
wreath of flowers on her head . 

Font 

with Clovis in it 

dipping his hand into a font . 

near him . . . . . 

standing at a font, for a child . 

standing in a font, bishop near 

Foot 

his foot cut off . . . . 



Footprints 

leaving his footprints on a stone 

Forehead 

branded on the forehead 

Forest 

hiding in a forest 

Forge 

and anvil near him 
and arrows \ya\% near him 
making horseshoes . . 

a goldsmith's forge at his side 

Fork 

with two barbed prongs, fasces near her 

Fountain 

and barrel at his feet . 

and cows near her, scjrthe in hand 

near his head (on the ground) . 

and lamb near him, anchor in hand 

bucket, and fish at his side 

flowing from his tomb . 

in a bear's den, foimtain near him 

near him I . 



near him, stag drinking 
near his altar . 
obtaining it by prayer . 



St. Richardius. Ab. (Apr. 26.) 

— Joan of Arc. M. 

— WilUam. H. (Feb. 10.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.)' 

— Macarius. C. (Jan. 3.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Rufina and Companions. (July 10.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Louis. B.C. (Aug. 19.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Sophronia. R. (n.d.) 
Angels of Mercy 

St. Flora. V.M. (Nov. 24.) 

— Germaine. V. (June 15.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Germaine. V. (June 15.) 

— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.) 

— MaruUus. O.P. (n.d.) 

— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Remigius. Abp. (Oct. i.) 

— Erhard. B.M. (Jan. 8.) 

— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 

— Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Victorinus. M. (Feb. 25.) 

— Medard. B. (June 8.) 

— Flavian. M. (Dec. 22.) 

— Maximus. B. (Nov. 27.) 



— Apelles. H. (n.d.) 

— Otto. B. (July 2.) 

— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 
lUi. 



St. Martma. V.M. (Jan. i.) 



— Willebrord. Abp. (Nov. 7.) 

— GuntUda. (n.d.) 

— Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Corentin. B. (Dec. 12.) 

— Ives. B.C. (Apr. 25.) 

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 

— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Julian of Mans. B.C. 

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Antidius. B. (Jime 25.) 

— Antoninus. C. (July 16.) 

— Apollinaris. B. (Oct. 5.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— ClothUda. Q. (June 3.) 

— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.) 



177 



Saints and their Emblems 



Fountain — continued 
obtaining it by prayer 



obtained by a reed in the groiind 
praying before a foimtain 
procured by him 

procuring it, with his crosier . 



procuring it, with a staff 



springing, near him 
springing, from her blood 
springing, from his tomb 
springing, where his blood falls 

three fountains springing, where his head falls 

Foxes 

with fiery tails, turned into a cornfield 

Franciscan Habit 

»j ■ • " 

carr3ring a cross 

»» • • 

with cross in his arms . 

habit under his cope, crosier and book 

holding a chasuble 

kneeling before the B.V. Mary, two virgin saints near 
him ....''' 

a negro, with enflamed heart in hand 

a nun, with roses 

a nun, with small dog at her feet 

with pyx in his hand . 

receiving the stigmata . 
Frog 

saint praying, frog near her 
Frogs 

about him 

,, • . • 

near her 

Fruit 

angel bringing her basket of fruit 
and flowers 

basket of fruit in cave before him 
in one scale, scroll in other 
offering fruit to Infant Jesus . 

Fuller's Club or Bat 

in his hand 



Fur 

tunics, cloaks and hoods 
wearing fur pelisse 
fur-lined cloak 

»> • • 

Furnace 

hanging over a furnace by her hair 
in a furnace 

kneeling in a furnace . 
thrown into a furnace . 

Gardener 

as a gardener . 



178 



(Jan. 15.) 

(Nov. 6.) 
(Sep. 9.) 

C. (Aug. 23-) 
(Sep. 10.) 



St. Isidore. H. 

— Leonard. H. 

— Omer. B.C. 

— Philip Beniti. 

— Nicolas. C. 

— Alto. Ab. (Feb: 9.) 

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. I.) 

— Engelmund. P. (June 21.) 

— Augustine. B.C. 

— Landelin. Ab. 

— Livinus. B.M. 

— Servatius. B.C. 

— Fursey. Ab. C 

— Gabinus. P.M. 

— Riquier. Ab 

— Trudo. Ab. 



(May 26.) 
(June 15.) 
(Nov. 12.) 
(May 13.) 
(Jan. 16.) 
(Feb. 19.) 
(n.d.) 
(Nov. 23.) 

— Venantius. (May 18.) 

— Julitta. V.M. (July 30.) 

— Adalbert. CD. (June 25.) 

— Botvid. M. (July 28.) 

— Eric. K.M. (May 18.) 

— Paul. Ap. (June 30.) 

Samson 

St. Antony. C. (June 13.) 

— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.) 
lUd. 

St. Louis. B. (Aug. 19.) 
Ihid. 

St. Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Benedict. C. (Apr. 3.) 

— Rose. V. (Mar. 8.) 

— Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.) 

— Bona Ventura. B.C.D. (July 14.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Ulphia. V. (Jan. 21.) 

— Herve. (June 17.) 

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

— Senorina. V. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 
Ihid. ' 
St. Posidonius. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 

— Anne. (July 26.) 

— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.) 

— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

SS. Abdon and Sennen. MM. (July 30.) 
St. Anscharius. B. (Feb. 3.) 

— Pelagius. M. (n.d.) 

— Ives of Bretagne. C. 



— Oliva. V.M. (June 3.) 

— Theodore and Companions. 

(Sep. 4.) 

— Ephesus. M. (Jan. 15.) 

— Victor. M. (May 8.) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Fiacre. C. (Aug. 30.) 

— Phocas. (July 3.) 



MM. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Gates 

(of Gaza) on his shoulders 
turreted gateway, in his hand . 

Geese 

around her .... 

fljring near her, church in her hand 

three, at his feet, church and crosier in hand 

Giant 

wading river with Infant on his shoulders 

Gibbet 

hanging from it, pierced with arrows . 
hanging from it, thigh pierced with spear 
near him .... 

Gimlets 

in his eyes .... 

Girdle 

angels bringing them girdles, whilst asleep 

B.V. Mary giving it to him 

of B.V. Mary, lowered by her to saint 

in her hand .... 

of ivy leaves around him 

or scarf, in her hand . 

taking off his (centurion's) girdle 

Girl 

exorcising a girl 

exorcising a girl, crown near him 

her hands on the shoulders of a girl 

Glass 

a broken glass in his hand 

Globe 

and arrow .... 

and banner .... 

and chalice, in their hands 

and cross .... 

and cross, on one of three chests 

at his feet .... 

fired by dog, with torch in its mouth . 

his soul ascending in the form of a globe 

one foot on a globe, star on his breast \ 

imperial, marked with crosses, in his hand 

of fire, in her hand 

of fire, in his hand 

of fire, over his head . 

of fire, overhead at Mass 

of fire, over his tomb . 

praying at night, globe of fire overhead 

receiving white globe from B.V. Mary . 

standing on globe, with sword and scroll 

vision of globe in flames 

with cross, seraph on either side 

with dove on it in his hand 

Globes 

balancing two, in scales 

three, surmounted by a banner . 

three, surmounted by a cross, in his crosier 

Glove 

and staff . • * /-c * \ 

receiving a glove from St. Henry (Emp.) 
receiving a white glove from his sister 
rod and scourge 

Gloves 

hanging his gloves on a sunbeam 



Samson. 
Ezekiel. Pt. 



St. Amalberga. V. (July'io.) 

— Milberga. V. Abs. (Feb. 23.) 

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 



— Ferreolus. B.M. (Sep. 18.) 

— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 



— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 

— Thomas of Aquin and Companions. 

(Mar. 7.) 

— Stephen. Ab. (Apr. 17.) 

— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.) 

— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 

— Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.) 

— Monica. W. (May 4.) 

— Marcellus. M. (Oct. 30.) 

— Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. 9.) 

— C3niacus. B.M. (May 4.) 

— Morwenna. V. (July 6.) 

— WiUibald. B. (July 7.) 



— Edmund. K.M. 

— Victorinus. M. 
Dominations. 

St. Antony. C. 

— Gumtramnus 

— Francis. C. 

— Dominic. C. 

— John of the Cross 

— Nicolas Tolentino. 



(Nov. 20.) 
(Feb. 25.) 



(June 13.) 
K.C. (Mar. 28.) 
(Oct. 4.) 
(Aug. 4.) 

C. (Nov. 

(Sep. 10.) 



24.) 



— Ladislas. K. (June 27.) 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sept. 23.) 

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.) 

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.) 

— Amadeus. B.C. (n.d.) 
Sibylla Er3rthrea. 

St. Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.) 

— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.) 
lUi. 

St. Bavo. H. (Oct. i.) 

— Meinwerk. B.C. (June 5.) 

— Amadeus. B.C. (n.d.) 
Sibylla Tiburtina. 

St. David. Ab. (July 15.) 

— Cunegimdes. Emps. (Mar. 3.) 

— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Robert. Ab. C, (Apr. 24.) 



179 



Saints and their Emblems 



Groat 

devil in shape of goat, near him 

Goldsmith 

with book before him . 
working as a goldsmith 

Goose 

at his feet 

in wolf's mouth, near him 

near him 

in her hand, or at her feet 

Gospel 

of St. John, in his hand 
of St. Matthew, in his hand 

Gourd 

seated under it 

on a staff, and fish in hand 

Granary 

shutting rooks in it . 
Grapes 

in his hand .... 

growing on a bramble near him 

on missal in his hand . 

two men with pole and bunch of grapes 

Grave 

looking into a grave 



stepping into it 
vine growing on his grave 
two lions digging his grave 
a lion digging her grave 

Gridiron 

in her hand 

and sword, in his hands 



his bowels on'^a gridiron 
burnt on a gridiron 



burnt on a gridiron, bowels torn with hook 

as a deacon, holding a gridiron 

as a deacon, with thurible, standing on gridiron 

Habit 

woman in monk's habit 



presenting a habit to St. William of Aquitaine 
receiving a habit from St. Benedict (Feb. 12) 

Hail 

striking down her tonnentors . 

Hair 

covered with her long and flowing hair 

covered with his hair 

covered with white hair, holding three loaves 

dragged by her hair 

hanging by her hair, nailed to cypress 

hanging by her hair 

hanging by her hair and scourged 
hanging by her hair over furnace 
hanging by her hair to tree over smoke 
his hair grown down to the ground 
long hair and beard 

Hair shirt 

in his hand ..... 

180 



St. Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.) 

— Thean. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.) 

— Rigobert. Abp. (Jan. 4.) 

— Pharaildis. V. (Jan. 4.) 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— Barnabas. Ap. (Jvme 11.) 

Jonas. Pt. 

St. Raphael. Archangel. 

— Maurice. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Maximus. B.C. (Jan. 15.) 

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.) 
Joshua. 



St. Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Giles. O.P. (n.d.) 

— John. Evan. (Dec. 27.) 

— Darinus. C. (June 3.) 

— Macarius. H. (n.d.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 



— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.) 

— Laiu-ence. D.M. (Aug. 10.) 

— Dionysius. M. (Oct. 3.) 

— C3rpnan. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (Jime 2.) 

— Donatella. M. (n.d.) 

— Eustratius. M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Macedonius. M. (Sep. 12.) 

— Laurence. D. (Aug. 10.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Laurence. D.M. (Aug. 10.) 
Ihid. 



St. Euphrosyne. V. (Jan. i.) 

— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 

— Marina. V. (June 18.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Feb. 12.) 

— William. H. (May 28.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Mary Magdalen. (July 22.) 

— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

— Raineldis. V.M. (July 16.) 

— Theodula. M. (n.d.) 

— JuUana. V.M. (Feb. 16.) 

— Symphorosa. M. (July 18.) 

— Theonilla. M. (Aug. 23.) 

— OUva. V.M. (June 3.) 

— Zoe. M. (July 5.) 

— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 

— Wilgefortis. V.M. (July 30.) 

— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.) 



Halbert 



Saints and their Emblems 



and loaf 

book and inkhorn 

in his hand 



Halter 

pahn and (broken) halter 

Hammer 

and chalice, saddle near him . 
and crown, on his anvil 
and crosier 

and three nails, in his hand 
armour, anvil and sword 
cup, and nail 
in her hand 
in his hand 

making a chalice with hammer 
" i> • 

Hand 

a celestial hand, giving him coins 
a hand on the end of his sceptre 
a hand reaching him a cross 
her hand cut off 
his hand, severed on anvil 
holding a hand, or glove 
lapng a hand on an altar 
one cut off, held in the other . 
»> i» • 

Hands 

and feet, bored through 
and feet, cut off 



and feet (of St. Adrian) on an anvil . 
painting pictures with his hands burnt 
cut off . 

»> • ■ • • • 

cut off, his eyes out 

his hands in the cleft of a tree 

tied to posts 

tied to a stake 

Handcuflfe 

near him .... 

Handkerchief 

and book .... 

strangled with it . . . 

Hanging 

by her hair, over a furnace 

by her hair and nailed to cypress-tree . 

by his hands and torn by three-pronged hook 

by his hands, weight tied to feet 

by his heels over smoke 

by his heels over a sulphurous lake 

by his thumbs 

downwards, over flames 

from a beam and torn with hooks 

from a gibbet, thigh pierced by spear . 
from a tree .... 
head downwards, torn with rakes 
over a fire .... 



with her hands and feet cut off 
with stones tied to his feet 



Hare 



in his arms 



St. Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Hallvard. M. (May 14.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 



— Syra. V. (June 8.) 

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 
IhiA. 

Ibid. 

St. WilUam. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 

— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Reinoldus. C. (n.d.) 

— Bernward. B. (Nov. 20.) 

— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 



— Maieul. Ab. (May 11.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Attala. V. Abs. (Dec. 3.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 
Sibylla Tiburtina. 

St. Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— John Damascen. B.C. (May 6.) 

— Quiriacus. P.C. (Aug. 23.) 



— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— James Intercisus. M. (Nov 27.) 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Natalia. W. (Sep. 8.) 

— Lazarus. M. (Feb. 23.) 

— Martha. V.M. (Feb. 23.) 

— Sabinus. B.M. (Dec. 30.) 

— Mennas. M. (Nov. 11.) 

— Victorinus. H.C. (n.d.) 

— Quintin. B. (Oct. 31.) 

— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.) 



— Mathurinus. C. (Nov. 9.) 



— Monica. W. (May 4.) 

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 

— OUva. V.M. (June 3.) 

— Theodula. M. (n.d.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.) 

— Placidus. M. (Oct. 5.) 

— Victorinus. P.M. (Sep. 5.) 

— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.) 

— Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.) 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. 

(Sep. 27.) 
St. Cohnan. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

— Barbara. V.M. pec. 4.) 

SS. Andochius and Th3n:sus. MM, 

(Sep. 24.) 
St. Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Severian. M. (Sep. 9.) 



Albert of Siena. H. (n.d.) 



181 



Saints and their Emblems 



Harp 

on his banner .... 
in her hand .... 
in his hand .... 

)> • • • • 

Harrow 

with ox and horse near him 

Hat 

hanging it on a sunbeam 

wearing palmer's hat, cross-staff and rosary 

pilgrim's hat, holding staff and shell . 

>> ,, 

pilgrim's hat, with white habit . 
pilgrim's hat, carrying the cross 

Hatchet 

and church, in his hand 

in his hand .... 

J J • • ■ • 

in his hand, trees cut down near him . 

Hawk. (/See also Falcon) 

boy with a hawk on his wrist 
his tongue thrown to a hawk 

Head 

carrpng the upper part of his head in his hands 
carrying a mitred head 



carrjdng a tonsured head 
carrying her own head 



carrying her own head, flowers 
carrying his own head 



growing from 



from 



„ palms sprouting 

carrying the head of St. Alexander 
carrjdng the crowned head of St. Oswald 
carrjring upper part of a mitred head 
cloven with halbert 
cloven with sword 



coroneted head in her hand 

cowled head, on a platter 

giving his head to be sent to Seville 

his hands nailed to his head 

his head in a holly bush 

his head (mitred) on the ground, sword 

her head on the ground near her 

on the ground near him 

on the ground, fountain behind 

on the ground, three springs issuing therefrom 

presenting her head to St. Martial at Mass 

a raven finding his head 

carrying a head in his wallet . 

182 



neck 



neck 



near him 



St. David of Scotland. K. (n.d.) 
— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 
David. Pt. 
St. Dunstan. Abp. (May 19.) 

'— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.) 



— Goar. P.C. (July 6.) 

— Neot. C. (July 31.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 



— Wolfgang. B. 

— Matthew. Ap. 

— Matthias. Ap. 

— Amator. B.C. 



— Dentlin. Ch. 

— Quirinus. M. 



(Oct. 31.) 
(Sep. 21.) 
(Feb. 22.) 
(May I.) 

(July 14.) 
(Mar. 30.) 



— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Firminus. B.M. (Sep. 25.) 

— Leo. Abp. (Mar. i.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Noyala. V.M. (July 6.) 

— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Regula. V.M. (Sep. 11.) 

— SidweU. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 

— Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.) 

— Juthwara. V. (Jan. 6.) 

— Flora. (Nov. 24.) 

— Alban. M. (June 21.) 

— Aphrodisius. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Aventine. H.M. (June 7.) 

— Caraimus. M. (May 28.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Exuperantius. Dn. M, (Dec. ^0.) 

— Clair. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— Felix. M. (Sep. 11.) 



M, 
M, 



- Lambert 
■ Lucanus. 
• Lucian. B. 

Mitrius. M. 

Piatus. P.M. 

Proculus. M. 

Boninsegnis, 



(Apr. 16.) 
(Oct. 30.) 
(Jan. 8.)s 
(Nov. 13.) 
(Oct. I.) 

(N.D.) 

C. (n.d.) 



Ursicinus. B.M. (Aug. 14.) 

- Grata. V. (Sep. 4.) 

- Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 

- Nicasius. Abp. (Dec. 15.) 

- Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

- Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.) 

- Thomas. Abp. (Dec. 29.) 

- Valeria. V.M. (Dec. 9.) 

- Anastasius. M. (Jan. 22.) 

- Laurian. B. (July 4.) 

- Pantaleon. M. (July 12.) 

- Alban. M. (June 22.) 

- Firminus. B.M. (Sep. 15.) 

- Winifred. V.M. (Nov. 3.) 

- Alban. M. (June 22.) 

■ Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.) 

■ Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.) 
Valeria. V.M. (Dec. 9.) 
Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.) 

■ John. C. (Mar. 8.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Healing. {See also Restoring) 

an Armenian princess 

a sick child 

a man run over by a wagon 

King Clovis 

a cripple 

raising St. Petronilla from a sick bed 

a monk, crushed by a fallen building 

an epileptic child (with oil from a lamp) 

Heart 

and Uly in her hand 

and liver, in his hand . 

flaming, and crown of thorns 

flaming, a crucifix appearing 

flaming, and tall cross . 

flaming and winged, appearing to him 

flaming, in her hand 

tt >> 

flaming, in his hand 

f> )> 

flaming, over him 
flaming, pierced by two nails 
his heart, marked with I H S, torn out by lions 
in her hand 
in his hand 

in his hand, pierced with arrow 
in his hand, surmounted by three nails 
in one hand, seven rings on other 
transfixed with two arrows, in his hand 
marked with a cross in her hand 

it >i 

marked with a cross in left hand, cross and flowers in 

right 
marked with I H S, in her hand 
marked with I H S, in his hand 
marked with J.H.U.S., in his hand, wound in side 
marked with a white cross in his hand 
of a miser, in money chest near him . 
presenting her heart to the B.V.M. 
presenting his heart to the B.V.M. 
receiving Our Saviour's heart . 
Sacred heart crowned with thorns above him 
exchanging hearts with Our Saviour . 

Hearth 

lying on a burning hearth 

Heathen Converts. {See Converts) 

Hell 

contemplating a vision of hell 



Helmet 

and cuirass (red hot) . 
red-hot helmet 

Hen 

at her side, plate of eggs in her hand 

Heraldry. {See Shield) 

Herbs 

(bunch) in his hand 

Hermit 

in a cave 

I. ... 

discovered by a htmter 

in coat of mail, with chains and staff 

Avith loaf and staff 

with rosary and staff . 

a hermit with lantern, following him 

Hide 

strips of, in their hands 



St. Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Severinus. Ab. C. (Feb. 11.) 

— Gebhard. B.C. (n.d.) 
— : Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar, ai.) 

— Nilus. (Sep. 26.) 

— Margaret. V. (n.d.) 
— . Anzano. M. (n.d.) 
— , Mary. V. (May 25.) 

— .Erentrude. V. Abs. (June 30.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 

— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.) 
BL Benedict of Palermo. C. (Apr. 3.) 
St. Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Robert. C. (n.d.) 

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 

— Jane Frances. W. (Aug. 21.) 

— Francis. B.C. (Jan. 29.) 
Bl. James. O.P. (n.d.) 

St. Macarius. B.C. (Aug. 10.) 

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Nov. 15.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Veronica. V. Abs. (July 9.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 
Bl. James. O.P. (n.d.) 

St. Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— Antony of Padua. C. (June 13.) 

— Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. la.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Mechtildas. V. Abs. (Apr. lo.) 

— Francis. B.C. (Jan. 29.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.) 



— Ansehn. B.C. (Mar. 18.) 

— Fiu-sey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.) 

— Meletius. Patr. M. (Feb. 12.) 

— Juhan of Ancyra. M. (Sep. 13.) 

— PharaUdis. V. (Jan. 4.) 



— Cyr. M. (Jan. 31.) 

— Paul. (Jan. 15.) 

— Antony. Ab. (Jan. 17.) 

— Utho. H. (N.D.)- 

— William of Maleval. (Feb. 10.) 

— Callus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Austell. C. (June 28.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 



SS. 



Crispin and 
(Oct. 25.) 



Crispinian. MM. 



188 



Saints and their Emblems 



Hill 

preaching on a hill, dove on his shoulder 
preaching from a hill .... 

Hind 

and two fawns near him 
at her side ..... 
at his feet ..... 
,, ..... 

at his side ..... 
one forefoot on his knee, other pierced with arrow 
near him ..... 



near her in cave 

Hinds 

three, near him 

Hod 

in his hand .... 

Hoe 

in his hand .... 
and book, oxen near her 
in his hand .... 
man behind him with a hoe uplifted . 

Holy water 

changing it into oil for church lamps . 

Holy water vessel 

and aspergill, dragon at her feet 
and pahn in her hands 

Hook 

and tongs, in his hand 
in her hand .... 
in his hand .... 
two-pronged, in his hand 

Hooks 

bound to tree, a man with hooks near him 
bound to a tree and torn with iron hooks 
her face torn with hooks 
hanging from a beam by hooks . 

torn with iron hooks . 



Hoop 

half-hoop, with two fishes on it 

Hops 

(bunch) in his hand 
Horn 

blowing a horn, 
horn and book . 
in his hand 

it • 

mounted on a stand 
(of unction) and tau cross, in his hand 

Horns 

two, on her headdress . . . , 

Hornets 

issuing from his tomb . . . , 

Horse 

at her side . . . . . 

at his side . . . . . 

dragged by a horse . . . , 

,, . . . , 

giving it to a beggar . . . . 

ox, and harrow, near him 

restoring a dead horse to life . 

shoeing a horse . . . . 

thrown from his horse by a light from heaven 



184 



St. David. Abp. (Mar. i.) 

— Peregrinus. B.M. (n.d.) 

— Bassian. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 

— Catherine. V. (Mar. 2a.) 

— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.) 

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Procopius. H. (July 4.) 

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Aygulfas. B.C. (Sep. i.) 

— Ivan. H. (June 24.) 

— Lupus of Sens. B.C. (Sep. i.) 

— Genevieve. Due. C. (n.d.) 

— Goar. P.C. (July 6.) 

— Werner. Ch. M. (Apr. 19.) 

— Fiacre. (Aug. 30.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

— Isidore of Madrid. C. (May 10.) 

— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.) 

— Narcissus. B.C. (Oct. 29.) 

— Martha. V. (July 29.) 

— Ubaldesca. V. (n.d.) 

— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.) 
St. Digna. V.M. (June 14.) 

— Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Satuminus. B.M. (Nov. 29.) 

— Eanswide. V. Abs. (Sep. 12.) 

— Amulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.) 

— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.) 
Ihid. 

Sibylla Cimmeria. 

St. Narcissus. B.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Irene. V.M. (Apr. 5.) 

— Severus. B. (Feb. i.) 

— Ivan. H. (June 24.) 

— Tryphon. M. (July 3.) 

— Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.) 

— Guido. C. (Sep. 12.) 

— Segni. B.C. (n.d.) 

— EUgius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 

— Paul. Ap. (June 30.) 

— Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Horses 

dragged at the tail of wild horses 



near him, torch in his hand] . 
restoring dead horses to life 

On Horseback 

an angel on horseback attending her 

in armour 

in armour with banner 



in armour, sword and spear, dragon at feet 

in battle ..... 

in battle, angel bringing him a cross . 

Clovis and Queen on horseback, saint with chain 

with a crocodile at his feet 

dividing his cloak with sword, beggar at his feet 

exorcising a woman 

with helmet and long spear 

a Moorish prince kneeling to him 

Attila and soldiers kneeling to him 

stabbed on horseback . 

threatening a dragon with his crosier 

on a white horse 

Horsemen 

appearing in the air to him 

Horseshoe 

forging a horseshoe 
in his hand 

Horseshoes 

nailed to his feet 

Host, The Sacred 

appearing overhead to her 

elevated by priest, a bird on either side, near her 

in flames, elevated by him 

in his hand 

in his hand, elevating it 

on her heart 

Hounds 

saint on all fours, pursued by hounds 
near her 

Hour-glass 

in his hand 

,. ... 

House 

model of burning house in his hand 
thrown from a house-top 
falling from a house-top 

Houses 

washed away, saint at prison window 

Hunter 

as a hunter 

rescuing a doe from a hunter 

a hunter finding him in cell 

as a hunter, kneeUng before a stag 

Hunters 

and hounds, pursuing him 
discovering him in cave 

Hurdle 

bound to it . . 

Hut. (See Cell) 



St. Anastasius. 
Hippolytus. 



M. (Jan. 22.) 
M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Martinian. M. (Oct. 16.) 

— Orestes. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Quirinus. M. (Mar.?3o.) 

— Medard. B. (June 8.) 

— Fechin. Ab. (Jan. 20.) 

— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.) 

— Emilian. Ab. C. (Nov. 12.) 

— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.) 

— VitaUs. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Uhic. B. (July 4.) 

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 

— Hermes. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Longinus. M. (Mar. 15.) 

— Ferdinand. K. (May 30.) 

— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 11.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.^ 

— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Ursmar. B. (Apr. 19.) 

— Eligius. B.C. (Dec. i.) 
lUd. 



St. Papas. M. (Mar. 16.) 



I7-) 



Bl. Imelda. V. (n.d.) 

St. HUda. V. Abs. (Nov. 

— Yvo. B.C. (May 22.) 

— Burchard. B.C. (Oct. 14.) 

— Fnunentius. B.C. (Oct. 27.) 

— Juliana Falconieri. V. (June 19.) 



— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 

— Sira. V.M. (June 8.) 



— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Luglus. B.M. (Oct. 23.) 

— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Germanus. B. (July 31.) 

— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.) 

— Neot. C. (July 31.) 

— Utho. H. (n.d.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Processus. (July 2.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Hyena 

and young, beside him 

Ice 

plunged in ice . 

tied to stakes on the ice 

Idol. {See also Statue) 

broken and falling, near him . 

,, ,> • _ " 

falling from a broken column near him 
falling from a column . 
overthrown, sword in her hand 
refusing to worship an idol 
trampling on an idol . 

Idols 

at her feet 

breaking them, in prison 
overturned by his cross 
overturned near his font 
overturning idols 
procuring lightning on idols 
refusing to worship idols 

Incense 

forced into his hand 

Indian 

carr3n[ng an Indian on his shoulder 

Indians 

baptizing Indians 

round him .... 

Infant 

infant .... 

found by eagle in cornfield 

in cradle, brought to her 

in his arms .... 

in his arms. Sister of Charity at his feet 

on ground near him . 

,, ... 

speaking at his command 
as an infant, on his mother's knee 
as an infant, dashed against steps of tribune 

Infant, The Holy 

appearing in the Sacred Host 
appearing to her in a bunch of roses 
appearing to him 

tt • • 

appearing to him in manger 

caressed by him 

in her arms 

it • • 

in her arms, a basket in her hand 
in his arms 



in his arms, as be kneels 

in his arms at Mass 

carried on his shoulder, across a stream 

espoused to her 

on his shoulder, with three heads 

on one arm, B.V. Mary on other 

presenting crown of thorns and roses 

putting a loaf into his wallet . 

received from B.V. Mary by saint 



speaking to him 



St. Macarius. (Jan. 2.) 

— Jonas. M. (Mar. 29.) 

SS. Inna and Companions, (n.d.) 



St. Philip. Ap. (May i.) 

— Benignus. M. (Nov. i.) 

— Lucius. K.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Urban! Pope. M. (May 25.) 

— MeUtina. V.M. (Sep. 15.) 

— Valeria. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Alexander. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Irene. V.M. (Apr. 5.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Philip. Ap. (May i.) 

— Wilfrid. B.C. (Oct. 12.) 

— Willehad. B. (Nov. 8.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Prisca. V.M. (Jan, 18.) 



— Procopius. Le. M. (July 8.) 

— Francis. O.S.J. (Dec. 3.) 

— Francis. O.S.J. (Oct. 10.) 

— Francis. (July 24.) 



Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.) 
Agericus. B.C. (Dec. i.) 
Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 
Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13). 
Vincent. C. (July 19.) 
Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.) 
Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.) 
Goar. C. (July 6.) 
Frobert. Ab. (Dec. 31.) 
Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.) 



Hugh. B 

Rose. V. 

Adamnan. 

Edmund. 

Silvester. 

Francis 

Antony. 

Stanilaus 

Mary. B.V. 

Catherine. V, 



C. (Nov. 17.) 
(Aug. 30.) 
Ab. (Sep. 23.) 
B.C. (Nov. 16.) 
Ab. (n.d.) 
C. (Oct. 4.) 
C. (June 13.) 
C. (Nov. 13.) 
(Mar. 25.) 
Abs. (Mar. 



Joanna. Q. (Feb. 4.) 
Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.) 



9-) 



Didacus. C. 
Herman. C. 
Joseph. C. 
Simeon. Pt. 
Antony. C. 
Waltheof. Ab, 
Christopher. 
Catherine. 
Christopher. 
Anne. V. 
Catherine. 
FeUx. C. 
Cajetan. C 



Frances. W, 
Antony. C. 
Peter. B.M. 



(Nov. 13.) 
(Apr. 7.) 
(Mar. 19.) 
(Oct. 8.) 
(June 13.) 

C. (Aug. 3.) 
M. (July 25.) 
V. (Apr. 30.) 

M. (July 25.) 
(July 26.) 
V. (Apr. 30.) 
(May 21.) 
(Aug. 7.) 



(Mar. 9.) 
(June 13.) 
(Dec. 6.) 



186 



Saints and their Emblems 



in his hand, dragon at his side 

in his hand, a Ught from heaven on him 

receiving a key from her father 

Keys 

and church, in his hand 

and loaves, in her hand 

at girdle, ladle in her hand 

at her side 

bimch of keys 

in his hand 

of heaven brought by St. Peter 

one gold and one silver 

on her arm, devil on her shoulder 

receiving them from St. Peter . 

three keys in his hand 

two, and fish, on a book 

two, a fish hanging to them 

two, in a fish's mouth 

two, in his hand 



King 

baptizing a king 

beheaded by a king 



Infant, The Holy— continued 

standing on open book in his hand 
flames in his hand, kneeling before the Holy. Infant . 
presenting an apple to the Holy Infant, in His mother's 
arms ...... 

Inkhorn 

in his hand 
and crook in his hand 
angel holding his inkhorn 
halbert, and book 
pen-case, and book 

Instruments 

(surgical) in his hand . 
(musical) in her hand . 

Invoking. {See Procuring) 
Island 

fed by an angel on an island . 
receiving mitre and crosier on an island 
with serpents on an island 

Javelin 

lily and pahn in her hands 

or lance in his hand 

pierced by a javelin, or arrow . 

Javelins 

two, lily and palm in his hand 

Jawbone 

of an ass, in his hand . 

Jewels 

burning her jewels 

on grotmd, saint praying 

Jug. See Ewer 

Key 

and double-barred cross in his hand 
and clasped book in her hand 
and rosary in her hand 
and shackbolt in his hand 
in fish's mouth in his hand 
in his hand 



St. Antony. C. (June 13.) 
Ibid. 
Bl. Herman Joseph. C. (Apr. 7.) 



St. Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Bede. C. (May 27.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 
Ibid. 

St. Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.) 

— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Cecilia. V. (Nov. 22.) 



— Adelric. C. (n.d.) 

— Honoratus. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.) 

— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Evergislas. B.M. (Oct. 24.) 

— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.) 
Samson 

St. Thais. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 



— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Petronilla. V. (May 31.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Jerom. C. (July 20.) 

— Egwin. B.C. (Jan. 11.) 

— Benignus. M. (Nov. i.) 

— Ferdinand. K. (May 30.) 

— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Rajmiond. C. (Jan. 23.) 

— Servatius. B. (May 13.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

— OthiUa. V. Abs. (Dec. 13.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Martha. V. (July 29.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 
B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Dominic. (Aug. 4.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Benno. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 
Ibid. 

St. Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Isaac. Mk. (June 3.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Riquier. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Finan. B. (Feb. 17.) 

— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.) 



187 



Saints and their Emblems 



King — continued 
blessing a king 
in a cell with a king . 
converting a captive king 
witli cross and battle-axe 
with cross on his breast 
with ensign before his army 
Ethiopian king gaining a victory 
giving an apple to a blind king 
healing King Clovis 
as a king, bearing an axe 
king kneeling to him, his crown on the ground 
king murdering a priest at Mass near her 
king preaching from a pulpit . 
King Radislas kneeling to him for pardon 
as a king, trampling on a dragon 
preaching to an Ethiopian king 
receiving grant from a king 
saint as a bishop, with a king, holding a church 
showing his stripes to King Ebdald 
a young king near him 
King Totila kneeling before him 

Kings 

three, before him, saint crowning two of them 

Kissing 

captive's chains . . . . 

a crucifix . . . . . 

Knees 

the print of their knees left on a stone 

Knife 

and arrows, in his hand 

and book 

and firepan 

and fish, in her hand 

and flayed human skin, in his bands 

at her breast . 

in her hand 



in her hand, her breasts on a book 
in^his hand ' . 

»» • • 

in his head, trampling a devil 

in his head 

in his shoulder 

in his side, two nails in his hand 

of sacrifice, in his hand 

small, in his hand 

stabbed with a knife . 

Labarum (Chi Rho monogram) 

surmounting his lance .... 

Ladder 

with angels on it, inviting her upwards 

appearing to him in vision 

with child on it, supported by two angels before altar 

guarded by dragon 

in his hand 



pointing to it, with monks ascending 

St. Simeon beckoning him up ladder 

virgins ascending a ladder near her 

youth mounting it, saint leading him by a chain 

Ladle 

in her hand, keys at girdle 

Lamb. {8ee also Agnus Dei) 

and cross, in her arms .... 
and cross, in his lap .... 
and cross, on book .... 
and fountain near, anchor in his hand . 

188 



St. Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Malachy. Abp. (Nov. 

— Christiania. (Dec. 15.) 

— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 



3.) 



— Ferdinand 

— Ladislas. 

— Elesbaan. 

— Malachy. 

— Severinus. 

— Hermengild 

— Ninian. B. 

— Dymphna. 



K. (May 30.) 
K. (June 27.) 
K.C. (Oct. 27.) 
Abp. (Nov. 3.) 
Ab. C. 

M. (Apr. 13.) 
(Sep. 16.) 
V.M. (May 15.) 



Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 
Wenceslas. M. (Sep. 28.) 
Efflan. C. (Nov. 6.) 
Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 



— WiUibald. 

— Gislerius. 

— Laurence. 

— Wulfram. 

— Benedict. 



B. (July 7.) 

C. (N.D.) 

Abp. (Feb. 2.) 
Abp. (Mar. 20.) 
Ab. (Mar. 21.) 



— Boniface. Abp. M. (Jtme 5.) 

— Balbina. V. (Mar. 31.) 

— Etheldritha. V. (Aug. 7.) 

SS. Justus and Pastor. MM. (Aug. 6.) 

St. Otto. B. (July 2.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 
Abraham. 

St. Sura. V.M. (June 8.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Ebba. V. Abs. (Aug. 25.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Albert. B.C. (Apr. 8.) 

— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 

— Peter. M. (Apr. 29.) 
Ibid. 
St. William. Ch. M. (Mar. 

— Zadkiel. Angel. 

— Rudolf. Ch. M. (Apr. 17.) 

— Moyses. Ab. M. (Aug. 28.) 



24.) 



24.) 



24.) 



— Constantine. Emp. (May 21.) 

— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.) 

— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 

— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.) 

— Perpetua. M. (Mar. 7.) 

— Alexis. (July 17.) 

— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— John. Ab. (Mar. 30.) 

— Romnald. Ab. (Feb. 7.) 

— Sadoth. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 

— Angela. V. (May 31.) 

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Martha. V. (July 29.) 

— Joanna. Q. (May 24.) 

— John Baptist. (June 24.) 
Ibid. 

St. Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Lamb — continued 

and locust, in his arms 

and palm 

at her feet, dove bringing a ring 

at her feet, sword in her hand 

at her side 

>j • • . 

at his side 

before her, dragon behind 

a bleeding lamb in her arms 

^ it ti • 

in her arms, sword in her throat 

leading it by a cord 

lily and book in her arms 

on book in his hand 

on book, and sword in her hands 

carrying a long feather, beside her 

Lamp. {See also Lantern) 

book, and crown of roses 
Divine hand lighting it with torch 
Divine hand pointing to it above him 
falling from his hand, saint asleep 
healing boy with oil from a lamp 
in her hand 

,, . • • 

in his hand 

lighted lamp in his hand 
lighted, and cross, in his hand 

Lance. {See also Spear) 

and arrow in his hand . 
and shieldl 
and sword 



attacking Julian the Apostate with a lance 
dagger, and arrow in his hands 
in his hand 



if - ' 

or dart in his hand 

or javelin in his hand . 

pierced with a lance 

pierced with lance in back 

St. Mercurius appearing with lance 

surmounted with the Labarum 

with club at lower end of it 

Lances 

pierced with three lances 
two, crossed 

Lantern 

and flask of oil in her hands 
and mirror, in his hands 
and open book 
devil blowing it out 
in her hand 
in his hand . 

>. • 

near him 

Lathe 

turner's, and tools near him 

Lawyer 

bishop as a lawyer 



St. John Baptist. (June 24.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 
Ibid. 

Ibid. 

St. Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 

Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

~ ■ V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

V.M. (Jan. 21.) 



Regina 

— Agnes. 
Ibid. 
St. Agnes. 

— Ewald. 

— Agnes. 

— Barbara. 



V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 
P.M. (Oct. 3.) 
V.M. (Jan. 21.) 
V.M. (Dec. 4.) 



— Hiltrudis. V. 

— Anthelm. C. 
Ibid. 
St. Bernard. C. 

— Nilus. Ab. 

— Lucy. V.M. 

— Mildred. V. 

— Macarius. C. 

— Nilus. Ab. 

— Francis. C. 



(Sep. 27.) 
(June 26.) 

(Mar. 12.) 
(Sep. 26.) 
(Dec. 13.) 
Abs. (Feb. 20.) 
(Jan. 2.) 
(Sep. 26.) 
(Oct. 4.) 



Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.) 
Michael. Archangel. 



Donatian. B. 
Eulogius. P.M. 
■ Mercurius. M. 
Canute. K.M. 
Coronatus. M. 
Gerard. B.M. 
Germanus. Ab. 
Hippolytus. M. 



(Oct. 14.) 
(Mar. II.) 
(Nov. 25.) 
(Jan. 19.) 

(N.D.) 

(Sep. 24.) 
M. (Feb. 
(Aug. 13.) 



21.) 



— John. B.M. (June 26.) 



Lambert. B.M. 

Longinus. M. 

Matthias. Ap 

Oswin. K.M. 

Thomas. Ap. 

Lambert. B.M. 

Genulph. B.C. 
• Adalbert. Abp. 
■ Emmeran. M. 



(Sep. 17.) 
(Mar. 15.) 
(Feb. 24.) 
(Aug. 20.) 
(Dec. 21.) 
(Sep. 17.) 
(Jan. 17.) 
M. (Apr. 25.) 
(Sep. 22.) 



Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 
Constantine. Emp. (May 21.) 
Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 



Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 23.) 
Benignus. M. (Nov. i.) 



— Mary of Cabeza. (n.d.) 

— Gabriel. Archangel. 
Sibylla Persica. 

St. Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 
Ibid. 

St. Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.) 
Solemnis. B. (Sep. 25.) 



(Apr. 
(Sep. 
— Macarius. (Jan. 2.) 



Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.) 



Philogonius. B.C. (Dec. 20.) 



189 



Saints and their Emblems 



Lead 

molten, poured in his mouth . 
molten, poured over him 

Leaves 

clothed with leaves 
clothed with palm leaves 

Leg 

bare to thigh, in pilgrim's habit 
bare to thigh, in monastic habit 
cut off . 
cut off at the thigh by executioner 

Legs 

wrapped in burning linen 

Leopards 

and lions round her 

Leper 

carrying Our Saviour disguised as leper 
embracing a leper 
receiving one from a boat 
washing the feet of a leper 
kneeling at her feet 

Letter 

brought him by dove . . . . 

Light 

from heaven falling on him 

over a church near him 

ray of light on bell, image of B.V. Mary inside 

ray of light shining on him 

shining on him in a cave 

from a monstrance falling on her 

Lightning 

angel protecting him from it . 
striking idols near him 
striking a temple near her 

Lily 

at her side .... 
and book in hand 



and bowl of gold in his hand . 

and church, in his hand 

and discipline in his hands 

and heart in her hand . 

and knotted cord, coronet at his feet . 

and sceptre .... 

and sickle .... 

and veil (gold fringed) 

at her feet, rays from stigmas in her hand 

at his side, angel with book near him . 

candidum lily in her hand 

cross, and book, crown at her feet 

cross, and rosary in his hand 

dove, and book 

growing out of his mouth in a grave . 

in her hand 

in her hand, as an abbess 

in her hand, kneeling by sea 

in her hand, with St. Henry 

in her hand 



in his hand, and motto, " Satis est Domine satis est 

in his hand, star on his breast 

in his hand, star overhead 

in his hand, with St. Cunegundes 

lamb, and book in her hands . 

190 



St. Primus. M. (June 9.) 
— Erasmus. B.C. (June 2.) 



— Onuphrius. 

— Paul. H. 



H. (June 12.) 
(Jan. 15.) 



— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Hilarion. Ab. C. (June 6.) 

— Victorinus. M. (Feb. 25.) 

— Cobnan. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.) 

— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.) 

— Ethbin. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Agatho. Pope. (Jan. 10.) 

— Julian. H. (n.d.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 39.) 

— Elizabeth of Hungary. (Nov. 19.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 



— Bede. C. 

— Ewald. M. 

— Laurence. 

— Peter. C. 

— Odo. O.P. 

— Posidonius. 



(May 27.) 
(Oct. 3.) 
Abp. (Nov, 
(Jan. 31.) 

(N.D.) 

B.C. (N.D.) 



14.) 



— Mary of Pazzi. V. (May 35.) 



— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.) 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Albert of Sicily. (Aug. 7.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Aloysius Gonzaga. C. (June 21.) 

— Margaret. V. (n.d.) 

— Elzear. Ct. C, (Sep. 27.) 

— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.) 

— Andrew. Ch. (July 12.) 

— Eustochium. V.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Philip. P.C. (May 26.) 
B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Columba. V. (May 20.) 

— William. C. (n.d.) 

— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.) 

— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.) 

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 

— Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.) 

— Cajetan. C. (Aug. 7.) 

— Casimir. Prince. (Mar. 4.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Nicholas. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Francis Xavier. S.J. (Dec. 3.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 
Ibid. 

St. Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Lily — continued 
palm, and javelin 
presented to her by an angel . 
two javelins, and palm in his hands 
and crown, encircling her wrist 

Lilies 

and roses, issuing from his mouth 
shield charged with three Ulies 

Limbs 

cut off 



Linen 

brought him from heaven 

in her hand 

burning, wrapped around his legs 

Lion 

and bear, tied to pillar near her 

at her side 

at her side, cross in her hand . 

at her side, fire extinguished by rain 

at her side, her hand in its mouth 

at her side, palm in her hand . 

at his feet 

,, ... 

at his side 

at his side, leaping at his knee 
digging her grave 
extracting thorn from foot of Hon 

fawning, in the amphitheatre . 
tearing him 

trampling on a couchant lion 
winged, at his side 

Lioness 

torn by, or at his side 

Lions 

and leopards, round her 
beside them 
digging his grave 
exposed to lions 

ji 
in a den of lions 



in den of lions, fed by an angel 
near him 



two, digging his grave 

Loaf. (See Bread) 
Lock 

on his lips 

Locust 

and lamb 

Log 

on his shoulder 

Loom 

near him 
weaving at a loom 



St. Philomena. V.M. (Aug. lo.) 

— Lidwyna. V. (Apr. 14.) 

— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.) 
Bl. Isabel. V. (Aug. 31.) 



St. Angelus. P.M. 

— Faustinus. M. 

— SimpUcius. M. 



(May 5.) 
(July 29.) 
(July 29.) 



— Basilissa. M. (Apr. 15.) 

— Emmeran. B.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— James Intercisus. M. (Nov. 27.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

— Martha. V.M. (Feb. 23.) 

— Sabinus. B.M. (Dec. 30.) 



Apollonius. B. (July 7.) 
Sunna. (n.d.) 
Edesius. M. (Apr. 8.) 



— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 

— Natalia. W. (Sep. 8.) 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 
Ibid. 

St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.) 

— Agapetus. Ch.M. (Aug. 18.) 

— Ignatius. B.M. (Feb. i.) 
Daniel. Pt. 

St. Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Mark. Evan. (Apr. 25.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Silvanus. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Mark. M. (Apr. 25.) 

— Basil. (Mar. 2.) 

— Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.) 



Adrian and Eubulus. MM. (Mar. 5.) 
(Jan. 15.) 
M. (Aug. 18.) 
B.M. (Feb. I.) 



SS 

St. Paul. H 

— Agapetus. 

— Ignatius. 
Daniel. Pt. 
St. Macarius. H. (n.d.) 

— Primus & Companions. MM. (June 9.) 

— Pontianus. M. (Jan. 14.) 
Joel. Pt. 

St. Venantius. Ab. (Oct. 13.) 

— Macarius. H. (n.d.) 



— Raymond. C. (Aug. 31.) 

— John Nepomucen. (May 16.) 

— John Baptist. (June 24.) 

— Polycrosne. H. (n.d.) 

— Severus. B. (Feb. i.) 

— Athanasia. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 



191 



Saints and their Emblems 



Mallet 

and board, outside his cell 

Mallets 

on ground ; saint tied to cross-shaped tree 

Man 

behind him, with hoe uplifted . 

cutting his thigh off 

dead man rising from grave 

kneeling before her, with broken fetters 

leaning over a dead man 

restoring a man killed by wolf 

shooting an arrow at her 

winged (emblem of St. Matthew) at his side 

winged man (as an emblem) 

with sword, near her 

Manger 

Holy Infant in it, appearing to him 

in her hand 
near him 

Maniple 

on left wrist, and book, saint as a monk 

Mantle 

and crown near her 

armour, sceptre, mitre and sword 

as a sail, in a boat 

B.V. Mary sheltering her from rain 

children under her mantle 

crossing a river on his mantle . 

crossing the sea on his mantle . 

dividing it between four boys . 

dividing it with a beggar 

dividing it, with sword. 

full of white roses 

as a child, giving his mantle to the poor 

hanging from a sunbeam 



of palm leaves 

placed on a fire 

protecting virgins under her mantle 

spreading it, on the ground 

standing on it, on the sea 

with fleur-de-lis (saint) crowned 
hanging on a tree, the saint digging 
giving his mantle to a leper 

Mantles 

and caputia (wearing them) 

Mask 

at her feet 

Medallion 

hanging at her neck 

of Our Saviour 

with I H S, in his hand 

Men 

four, bound on his back 
trjdng to pluck out his eyes 
two, kneeling before him 

Mice 

on her distaff . 

two, at her feet, devil near her 

two, climbing her crosier 



St. Vubnar. Ab. (July 20.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Rumbold. B.M. (July i.) 

— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Stanislaus. B.M. (May 7.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Severus. B. (Apr. 30.) 

— Poppo. (Jan. 25.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 14.) 

— Ambrose. B.C.Dr. (Apr. 4.) 

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 21.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Silvester. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 
Sibylla Cumana. 

St. Evaristus. B.M. (Oct. 26.) 

— Piatus. P.M. (Oct. I.) 

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.) 

— Ra3miond. C. (Jan. 23.) 

— Mary. R. (June 23.) 

— Waltrudis. Abs. (Apr. 9.) 

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Thomas. B.C. (Sep. 18.) '^ 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 
Ibid. 

St. Barachiel. Archangel. 

— Caesarius. B.C. (Aug. 27.) 

— Alruna. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Amabilis. P.C. (June 11.) 

— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 

— Eudeo. B.C. (July 7.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Goar. P.C. (July 6.) 

— Gothard. B.C. (May 4.) 

— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Lucanus. M. (Oct. 30.) 

— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 15.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Calais. Ab. (July i.) 

— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 

SS. Marana and Csrra. RR. (Aug. 3.) 
St. Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Pius. Pope. (July 11.) 

— Moyses. Ab. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Leo. Pope. (June 12.) 

— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.) 

— - Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 17.) 

Ibid. 

Ibid. 



192 



Saints and their Emblems 



Millstone 

and sword 

at her side, two arrows in her hand 

in one scale, two men in the other 

left hand on it, rope through it 

right hand on it 

round her neck 

round her neck, in the sea 

thrown into river with one tied to him 

tied to his neck" 

Millstones 

round their necks, thrown from a bridge 

Mine 

working in a mine 

it • • ■ 

>j • • • 

Mirror 

in left hand, lantern in right , 

Mitre 

and crosier, at his feet 



St. Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Christina. V.M. fjuly 24.) 

— Michael. Archangel. 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Florian. M. (May 4.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.) 

— Quirinus. B.M. (Jan. 4.) 

— Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 



14.) 



SS. Crispin and 
(Oct. 25.) 



St 



Crispinian. MM. 



II.) 



and sword, at his feet 

and tiara, before him . 

and triple cross, anchor in his hand 

at his feet, and palm . 

at his feet, above him a lamp. Divine hand 

at his feet, kneehng before executioner 

armour, mantle, sceptre and sword 

as an Augustine monk, with mitre 

as a Benedictine, with mitre . 

book, and pastoral staff 

cope, scourge and cross 

as a Dominican, with open book and mitre 

in his hand, with upper part of head in it, the other 

part in situ .... 
near him .... 

on the ground 

presented to him by St. Gregory 
receiving it from St. Boniface . 
standing between mitre and a suit of armour 
supported in air, near him 
at his side, saint writing 

Mitres 

on a book ..... 
one on his head, two on book . 
three at his feet, I H S within circle of rays in his right 
hand ....•• 

Model 

of a bridge, in his hand 

of Bamberg Cathedral, in his hand 

of a burning house, in his hand 

of a city, in his hand . 

of city of Ascoli, in his hand . 

of city of Bologna, in his hand 

of city of Foligni, in his hand . . 

of city of Modena ; angel presenting it 

of a church ; saint presenting it to Christ 

of church of Jerusalem, in her hand . 

of church of Lorsch, in his cloak 

of church of Utrecht, in his hand 

of " Ecclesia de Estderham " in her hand 

of Ely Cathedral, in her hand . 

of a monastery, in his hand 



of Whitby Abbey, in her hand 

Monasteries 

two in the distance ; River Tyne near him 

2B 193 



Paphnutius. B.C. (Sep. 

— Polianus. M. (Sep. 10.) 

— Nemesianus. B.M. (Sep. 10.) 

— Gabriel. Archangel. 

— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.) 

— Macarius. B.C. (Apr. 10.) 

— Rudesind. B.C. (Mar. i.) 

— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.) 
pointing to it — Anthelm. B.C. (June 26.) 

Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 
Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.) 
Frigidian. B. (Mar. 18.) 
Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.) 
Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.) 
Ambrose. D. (Apr. 4.) 
Albert. C. (Nov. 15.) 



Dionysius. 

Adamnan. 

Maglovius. 

Alexander. 

Adolar. B. 

Agapetus. 

Goar. B.C 



B.M. (Oct. 9.) 
Ab. (Sep. 23.) 
B.C. (Oct. 24.) 
B.M. (Aug. II.) 

(n.d.) 
M. (Aug. 18.) 

(N.D.) 



— Nicholas. B.C. (May 9.) 

— Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

— Maternus. B.C. (Sep. 18.) 

— Bernardin. C. (May 20.) 

— Gonsalvo. P.C. (Jan. 10.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Luglus. B.M. (Oct. 23.) 

— Richard. B.C. (June 9.) 

— Emygdius. B.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Petronius. B.C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Felician. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Eucherius. B. (Dec. 8.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 

— Nazarius. M. (July 28.) 



Willebrord. 

Withburga. 

Etheldreda. 

Dominic. C 

Domnolius. 

Romuald. 

Hilda. V. 



Abp. (Nov. 7.) 

V. (Mar. 17.) 

Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

(Aug. 4.) 
B.C. (May 16.) 
Ab. (Feb. i.) 
Abs. (Nov. 17.) 



Benedict. Ab. (Jan. 12.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Money 

a coin in his hand 

and cross, in his hand 

saint in a cave full of money 

collecting money in a dish 

counting money 

drawn from water with his crosier 

a hand giving him seven coins from heaven 

on a table at his side 

throwing it into a river 

bowl of money and lily in his hands . 

bag of money in hand 

it II • " • 

Money Bags 

near him .... 

one, or three, in his hand 

Money Box 

hanging at his neck 
triple, chained in his hand 

Monk 

exorcising a monk 
woman ckessed as a monk 

II ti ' * ' 

with a child on her arm 

Monks 

an angel touching monks with rod near him 
ascending to heaven by ladder near him 
building church near him 
preaching to monks 



preaching to monks, in a cell 
teaching monks 

Monogram. {See Motto) 

Monstrance 

and torch in her hands 

an angel presenting it to saint 



carried by two angels before him 
held conjointly with St. Norbert 
in her hand 

in his hand 

in his hand, tears on his cheeks 

kneeling before it 

presented to him by Emp. Charlemagne 

rays from it, falling on her 

rays from it, on her heart 

Moon 

crescent moon underfoot, sun overhead 
angel showing her a crescent moon 

Moor 

as a Moor 



as a Moor, with banner and shield 
preaching to a Moorish sultan 
Moorish prince kneeling to him 
trampling on a Moor . 



Moors 

around him 
trampling on them 



St. Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. la.) 

— Philip. Ap. (May i.) 
lUd. 

St. Gumtramnus. K.C. (Mar. 25.) 

— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.) 

— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.) 

— Rodingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.) 

— Maieul. Ab. (May 11.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 

— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Mathilda. Q. (Mar. 14.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. ai.) 

— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 

— Euphros3nie. V. (Jan. i.) 

— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 

— Marina. V. (June 18.) 



■ Achard. Ab. (Sep. 15.) 

- Romuald. Ab. (Feb. 7.) 

■ Othmar. Ab. (Nov. 16.) 
Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. a4.) 
Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.) 
Remaclus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 
Mamertinus. C. (n.d.) 
Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.) 



— Barbara. 

— Monica. 

— Norbert. 

— Michael. 

— Thomas. 

— Clara. V, 



V.M. (Dec. 4.) 
W. (May 4.) 
Abp. (June 6.) 
C. (May 23.) 
Dr.C. (Mar. 7.) 
Abs. (Aug. la.) 
5.) 



— JuUana. V. Abs. (Apr. 

— Bonaventure. B.C.D. 

— Zephyrius. Pope. (Aug. 26.) 

— William. Abp. (Jan. 10.) 

— Walburgis. V. (Feb. 25.) 

— Sola. H. (Dec. 3.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 

— Frances. W. (Mar. 9.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 
St. Juhana. V. (Apr. 5.) 



Adrian. 

Moyses. 

Victor. 

Maurice 

Francis. 

Ferdinand. K 

Barbara. "V.M. 



Pancras. 
Catherine 



Abp. (Jan. 19.) 
Ab. M. (Aug. 28.) 
M. (May 8.) 
M. (Sep. 22.) 
C. (Oct. 4.) 

(May 30.) 
(Dec. 4.) 



M. (May 12.) 
V.M. (Nov. 25.) 



Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.) 
Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.) 
Optatus. B.C. (June 4.) 



194 



Saints and their Emblems 



Mortar 

bruised in a mortax 

Motto 

" Ascendit ad Coelos, sedit ad dexter am Dei Patris 

omnipotentis " 
"Ave Maria " (on a lily, in his mouth) 
" Carnis resurrectionem " (on a scroll) . 
" Charitas " (appearing to hun) 
" Cras. Cras " (on scroll from a raven's mouth, saint 

trampling on it) . 
" Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem " (on a book) 
" Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem creator em coeli in 

terrae " (on a scroll) .... 
" Credo in Spiritum Sanctum " (on a scroll) 
" Credo " (writing it in blood on the ground) . 
" Deo gratias " (on a sack on his shoulder) 
" Deponet dominus omnes iniquitates vestras " . 
" Descendit ad inferna tertia die resurrexit a mortuis 

(on a scroU) ..... 
" Deus dixit en filius meus es tu, ego hodie genui te " (on 

a scroll) ..... 

" Doctor Mellifluus " (on a scroll) 
" Ecce Virgo concipiet et pariet Filium " (on a scroll) 
" Ecclia de Estderham " (on church in her hiand) 
" Educam vos de Sepulchris vestris popule meus " (on 

scroll) .... 

" Eris in pesto pair onus " (on a scroll) 
" Et accedam ad vos in judicio et era testis velox" (on 

a scroll) .... 

" Et erit reguum Dni. Amen " (on scroll) 
" Et in Jesum Christum Filium ejus unicum Dominum 

nostrum " (on a scroll) 
" Et vitam eternam. Amen" (on a scroll) 
" Eum odium habueris dimitte " (on a scroll) 
" Gloria Patri " (on a screen in his hand) 
" Hodie " (on a small cross) 

" Inde venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos " (on scroll) 
"IHS" (on his lips) 
" I H S " (on a medallion) in his hand . 
" I H S " on a tablet, in his hand 
" I.N.R.I " (on a board) 

" I.N.R.I " (on a cross) . . . 

" In valle Josaphat judicahit omnes gentes " 
" Invocahuntur omnes eum et servient ei " (on a scroll) 
" Meia Paros " (on her dress) . 
" mors, ero mors tua; ero morsus tuus infernel 

(on a scroll) ..... 
" Opifer " on scroll, saint crowned 
" 0eoToyto9 " (on a tablet in her hand) . 
" Passus est sub Pontio Pilato crucifixus, mortuus 

sepultus " (on a scroll) . . . • ,, 

" Paler manufestari nomentum hominibus " 
" Patrem invocabitis qui fecit et condidit Coelos " (on a 

scroll) . . • • . • 

" Post Sex " (above a young Emperor) near him 
" Qui conceptus est de Spiritu Sancto natus ex Maria 

Virgine " (on a scroll) 
" Qui edificat in caelum ascensionem " (on a scroll) 
" Remissionen peccatorum " (on a scroll) 
" Scs Sis Scs " (on scroUs) . • • 

" Sanctam Ecclesiam Cathohcam Sanctorum Com- 

munionem " {on scr6\l) • • • 

" Satis est Domine satis est " (and holdmg a lily) 
"Silvester . . . see me tua salva pee " {iemale mth scvoU.) 
" Spes, Fides, Charitas " (on his breast) 
" Suscitabo filios tuos " -...:„, „> 

' ' Timete Deum, quia veniet hora judtctt e^us (on a scroll) 
" Verbum caro factum " (on her heart) . 

Mounds ^ ^ , 

three, surmounted by banner, figure ansmg out of a 

crown . • • ,. ./ 

three, surmounted by a cross (m the curve 

crosier) . • • • • 

' 195 



et 



of his 



St. Victorinus. M. (Feb, 25.) 



— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— William of Montpellier. (n.d.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 



— Expeditus. 

— Paul. Ap. 



M. 
M. 



(Apr. 19.) 
(Jime 30.) 



— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 

— FeUx. O.M.C. (May 21.) 
Micaiah. 

St. Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.) 

David. Pt. 

St. Bernard. Ab. D. (Aug. 20.) 

St. Withburge. V. (July 8.) 



Daniel. Pt. 
St. Roch. C. 

Zephaniah. Pt. 
Abdias. Pt. 



(Aug. 16.) 



30.) 
21.) 



St. Andrew. Ap. (Nov. 

— Matthew. Ap. (Sep. 
Malachy. Pt. 
St. Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec. 

— Expeditus. M. (Apr. 19.) 

— Philip. Ap. M. (May i.) 

— Peter. C. (Aug. 2.) 

— Pius I. Pope. (July 11.) 

— Bernardin. C. (May 20.) 

— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 
Joel. Pt. 

Michaiah. Pt. 
Sibylla Cumana. 

Hosea. Pt. 

St. Walstan. C. (May 30.) 

— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.) 



II.) 



— John. Evan. 

— Bernadin. C. 

Jeremiah. Pt. 
St. Wolfgang. B. 

— James. Ap. 
Amos. Pt. 
St. Simon. Ap. 
Seraphim. 



(Dec. 27.) 
(May 20.) 



(Oct. 31.) 

(July 25.) 

(Oct, a8.) 



St. Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

— Francis. S.J. (Dec. 3.) 

— Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.) 

— WilUbald. B. (July 7.) 
Zacharias. Pt. 

St. Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 



— Bernard. C. (Aug. 21.) 
lUd. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Mountain 

before him in a cloud 

Mouth 

pointing to his mouth, tongueless 
his finger on his mouth 



a padlock on his lips 

Music 

writing in a book of music 
instruments of music near her . 

Nail 

held in her hand 

held in her hand over cup, hammer below 

held in his hand 

holding a large nail 

in her foot 

in his head 

in his head and hand 

through his hands, and into his head 

Nailed 

to a V-shaped frame 

to stakes .... 

through forehead to stake 

Nails 

body pierced with nails 

feet, hands and head pierced with nails 

forging nails from arrows 

held in her hand 

held in his hand 

holding heart surmounted by nails 

holding pincers and nails 

holding three nails 

holding three, and cornucopia . 

holding three, and cross banner 

holding three, spear, and pilgrim's staff 

holding two, knife in his side . 

holding two, piercing a flaming heart 

pierced all over with nails 

piercing his head 

piercing his head and hands 

piercing his shoulders, hands in stocks 

three, piercing his head and right hand, hammer in left 

through shoes of metal. .... 

Naked 

and boiled in a cauldron 
and bound to a tree 



to the waist, pierced with arrows 

Napkin 

with stones in it, in his hands . 
strangled by two women with a napkin 

Neck 

kerchief around her neck 

sword through her neck, on a p3rre 

sword through his neck 

three wounds in her neck 

wound in her neck, dagger in hand 

Necklace 

taking it oft, mask at her feet . 

Needles 

and chain scourge, in his hands 

196 



St. Nonnosus. Ab. (Sep. 2.) 

— Placidus. Ab. (Oct. 5.) 

— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.) 

— Romuald. Ab. (Feb. 7.) 

— John the Silent. (May 13.) 

— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.) 

— Raymond. Card. (Aug. 31.) 

— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb. 11.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.) 

— Helena. Emps. (Aug. 18.) 

— Epimachus. M. (n.d.) 

— Dionysius. M. (July 27.) 

— Zenaida. R. (Oct. 11.) 

— Julian. M. (June 9.) 

— Severus. B.M. (Nov. 6.) 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) .|| 

— Andrew. Ap. M. (Nov. 30.) j| 

— Claudius and Companions. (Aug. 23.) 

— Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.) 



— Piatus. P.M. (Oct. I.) 

— Philomenus. M. (Nov. 29.) 

— Otto. B.C. (July 2.) 

— Fausta. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.) 

— Macarius. B.C. (Apr. 16.) 
Sibylla Libya. 

St. Clara. V. (Aug. 18.) 

Sibylla Cimmeria. 

St. Loviis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

Ihid. 

St. William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Robert. C. (n.d.) 

— Alexander. Pope. (May 3.) 

— Gemellus. M. (Dec. 10.) 

— Severus. B.M. (Nov. 6.) 

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— William. Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 

— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.) 



— • Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.) | 

— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

SS. Fehx and Regula. MM. (Sep. 11.) 
St. Exuperantius. M. (Dec. 30.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 



Stephen. 
Alkelda. 



D.M. 
V.M. 



(Dec. 26.) 

(n.d.) 



— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.)' 

— Aquilinus. M. (n.d.) 

— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.) 

— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Ferreolus. P.M. (June 16.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Negro. {See also Moor) 

in Franciscan habit, flaming heart in his hand 

Nettles 

in his hand . . . . , 

Nosegay 

in her hand 
in his hand 



of roses ; Holy Infant in centre 

Nun 

as a nun 



carrying a stone .... 

in prison ..... 

of the third Order of St. Francis . \ 

Vallambrosian nun, serpents feeding from her basket 
with royal insignia .... 
Cistercian nun, blind .... 



Oar 



in his hand 



Oil 

dropping from her hand 

changing water into oil for church lamps 

healing a boy with oil from a church lamp 

Orb. {8ee Globe and Mound) 

Organ 

angel plashing it, saint singing . 

Organs 

pair of, in her hand, angel blowing them 

Organ-pipes 

in their hands .... 
in her hand .... 

Otters 

serving him, or at his feet 

Oven 

burnt in an oven 

canying faggots to an oven 
cleaning it, with her sleeves 
heated oven, near her . 
heated oven, near him 

>i it 

saving a child from an oven 
working at an oven 
drawing hot coals with her hands from oven 



Ox 



at his side 

and horse, with harrow near him 

near her 



near her, crosier 
near him 



and book in her hand 



sewn up in the skin of an ox 
winged ox, beside him . 



St. Benedict. C. (Apr. 3.) 



— John of Urtica. C. (n.d.) 



— GennEiine. V. (June 15.) 

— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.) 

— Maruhus. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.) 

— Rose. V. (Aug. 30.) 



— Adalsendis. V. 

— Nothber^a. V. 

— Euphrasia. V. 

— Margaret. T. 

— EUzabeth. Q. 

— Verdiana. V.R. 



Edith. V. 
Lutgardis. 



(Dec. 25.) 
(Sep. 14.) 

(Mar. 13.) 
(Feb. 3.) 

(July 8.) 
(Feb. I.) 



(Sep. 16.) 
V. (June 16.) 



— Julian Hospitator. (n.d.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 
Noah. 

St. Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 



— Walburgis. 

— Narcissus. 

— Nilus. Ab. 



V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 
B. (Oct. 29.) 
(Sep. 26.) 



— CeciUa. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 
lUd. 



Angels. 

St. Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 



Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 
Victor. M, (May 8.) 
HeUadius. B. (Jan. 8.) 
Anstrebertha. V. (Feb. 10.) 
Theodota. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 
Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 
Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.) 
Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 
Paul. B. (Feb. 8.) 
Aurea. V. Abs. (Oct. 4.) 



■ Sylvester. Pope. (Dec. 31.) 

• Guido. C. (Sep. 12.) 

■ Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 
JuUtta. V.M. (July 30.) 

• Marciana. V.M. (Jan. 9.) 
Tryphaena. W.M. (Nov. 10.) 
Frideswide. V. (Oct. 19.) 
Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.) 
Guido. C. (Sep. 12.) 
Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 
Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.) 
Medard. B. (June 8.) 
Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 
Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.) 



197 



Saints and their Emblems 



Oxen 

and dog, near him 

at his feet 

near her, book and hoe in her hands 

near him 

two, near him . 

two, yoked to her 

Padlock 

on his Ups 

>» • * ■ 

Painting Pictures 

whilst seized by executioners . 
with his hands burned 

Paint-box 

and brush 
Palace 

celestial, appearing to him 

Pallium 

as a friar, wearing the palliimi 
receiving the pallixun from St. Peter 

Palm 

and book in her hand . 

and book, saint crowned 

and book, encircled by three crowns 

and book, saint in dalmatic 

), J) • 

and book, with her seven sons 
and broken halter in her hand 
and chained bear near her 
and church of Lorsch, in his hands 
and crucifix 
and dagger 

ft • • 

and Holy Water stoup 

and long bodkin 

and ring 

and small cross, with motto, " Hodie " 

and spear 

and staff 

and sword 



and sword (as Greek bishop), books underfoot 

and sword, carried by angels to heaven 

and torch 

and tower in her hand 

and vial, crowned 

banner, and cross 



branches sprout 
in her hand 

Jt 

in his hand 



ng from his neck, head 



in his hand, and chained devil 

in his hand, carrying his head 

in his hand, church struck by lightning 

in his hand, in armour 

in his head, head gashed 

in his left hand, chahce and Host in right 

hly, and javelin 

lily, and two javeUns 

and mitre, at his feet 

roses, and apples 

shield, and spear 

tooth, and pincers 

with cluster of dates, and standard of the Cross 

with three crowns on it 

wreath of flowers, and crown 

Palms 

Roman of&cers holding palms 
two, in his hand 

198 



in his 



hand 



St. Wendelin. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

— Etto. B.C. (July 10.) 

— Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.) 

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Ra3miond. Card. (Aug. 31.) 

— John Nepomucen. M. (May 16.) 

— Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.) 

— Andrew. M. (Oct. 17.) 

— Lazarus. M. (Feb. 23.) 

— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.) 

— Deusdedit. C. (Aug. 10.) 

— Antoninus, Abp. C. (May 10.) 

— Leo. Pope. (June 12.) 



— Catherine. V.M. 

— Blida. (n.d.) 



(Nov. 25.) 



— Angelus 

— Gervasius. 

— Protasius. 

— FeUcitas. 

— Syra. V. 

— Columba. 

— Nazirius. 

— Laurence. 

— Agnes. V.M. 

— Bibiana. V.M 

— Ubaldesca. V. 

— Simon. Ch. M 

— Barbara. V.M. 

— Expeditus. M. 

— Barbara. 

— Catherine. 

— Donatus. 

— Susanna. 
Cyprian 



P.M. (May 5.) 

M. (June 19.) 

M. (June 19.) 

W.M. (July 10.) 

(June 8.) 

V.M. (Sep. 17.) 

(N.D.) 

D. (Aug. 10.) 
(Jan. 21.) 
(Dec. 2.) 

(N.D.) 

(May 24.) 
(Dec. 4.) 
(Apr. 19.) 
(Dec. 4.) 

(Nov. 25.) 
(Aug. 7.) 
(Aug. II.) 
(Sep. 



V.M. 
V.M 
B.M. 
V.M. 
M 



26.) 

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 
Ibid. 

Principalities. 

St. Pancras. M. (May 12.) 

— Ursicinus. B.M. (Aug. 14.) 

— Rhoda. (n.d.) 

— Sexburga. Q. Abs. (July 6.) 

— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 27.) 

— Cyr. M. (June 16.) 

— Cyriacus. B.M. (May 4.) 
Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.) 



— Donatus. M 

— Hippolytus. 

— Peter. O.P. 

— Robert. Ab 

— Philomena. 



(June 30.) 

M. (Aug. 13.) 

(Apr. 29.) 

. C. (Apr. 24.) 

V.M. (Aug. 10.) 



— Miniato. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Cyprian. B.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Gercon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— ApoUonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Ansanus. M. (Dec. i.) 

— Vereranda. V.M. (Nov. 14.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Sergius and Companions. (Oct. 17.) 

— Guido. C. (Sep. la.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Pan 

of milk, in her hand, cow at her^side 
small earthen pan, near her 

Paper 

tearing a paper from the door of a temple 

throwing a paper into the fire 

with writing on it, falling from heaven 

Peacock 

near him ..... 

Peal (Baker's) 

in his hand ..... 
,, ..... 

Pear 

in her hand ..... 

Pen 

and book ..... 

and books in his hands, three books at his side 
hand reaching him one .... 
in his hand ..... 
,, ..... 

Pen Case 

inkhom and book .... 

Pestle 

and mortar ..... 

Physicians ..... 



Pickaxe 

in his hand 

Picture 

of B.V. Mary and Child in hand 
in his hand .... 
of the B.V. Mary, in his hand . 
of the Crucifixion, in her hand 
of the Last Judgment, in his hand 
of Our Saviour, in his hand 
painting a picture of B.V. Mary 
painting a picture of the Crucifixion . 

presenting an apple to picture of B.V. Mary 
painting, with burnt hands 
seized whilst painting a picture 

Pictures 

of saints around him . 

Pierced 

by arrow or javelin 
by lance in back 

by sword . . • • 

• • • • 

• " • 

by sword, in the back . 
by three arrows 

by two swords . * • i." 

through knee by arrow, hind agamst hxm 
with stake . . • • 

Piercing 

a dragon . • • • 

dragon with spear, saint m armour 
three-headed dragon with spear 

Pig 

with bell on its neck . 



St. Bridget. W. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Sylvia. Pen, (n.d.) 

— John. M. (Jan. 31.) 

— Willibald. B. (July 7.) 

— Lupus. B.C. (Sep. i.) 

— Liborius. B. (July 23.) 

— Aubert. B.C. (Dec. 13.) 

— Honorius. B.C. (Sep. 30.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 

— Angus. Ab. C. (Mar. 11.) 

— Basil. B.C.Dr. (June 14.) 

— Bede. C. (May 27.) 

— Leander. B.C. (Feb. 27.) 

— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.) 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. M. (Sep. 27.) 

St. Luke. Ap. (Oct. 18.) 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.) 

St. Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Methofius. Patr. (June 14.) 

— John. C. (Nov. 24.) 

— Amalberga. W. (July 10.) 

— Methodius. Abp. (Dec. 22.) 

— John. Ab. (July 12.) 

— Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.) 

— Catherine of Bologna. V. Abs. 

(Mar. 9.) 

— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.) 

— Lazarus. Mk. C. (Feb. 23.) 

— Andrew. M. (Oct. 17.) 



— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.) 

— Evergislas. B.M. (Oct. 24.) 

— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Tusca. V.M. (Feb. 13.) 

— Maura. V.M. (Feb. 13.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.) ■ 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Frederick. B.M. (July 18.) 

— Giles. Ab. (Sep. i.) 

— Benjamin. Dn. M. (Mar. 31.) 

— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 



Pile. {See Pyre) 



199 



Saints and their Emblems 



Pilgrim 

with a coin in his hand 
with crucifix staff 
as a pilgrim 



asleep under staircase 

with crown at his feet 

a dog licking wound on his leg 

leading a girl . 

in man's clothes 

Our Saviour as a pilgrim, his feet washed by saint 

with plague-spot on his leg, dog with loaf 

with a staff, gourd and wallet, rope round his neck 

with rope in his hand . 

with staff, trampling on dragon 

with two companions . 

a woman near, pouring out water 

in white habit, crucifix on her knees 

Pilgrims 

pra3dng at his tomb 

three, with bear 

two, giving ring to saint 

Pilgrim's Staff. {See Staff) 

Pillar 

held up by angel, saint prajring 
living on a pillar 
near her 
on a pillar 

restoring broken piUar 

scourged at a pillar 

seated on it 

supporting it . 

tied to it, a lion and bear near her 

tied to it, and scourged 

tied to it 

standing between two pillars 

Pillar of Light 

above him 
before him 
pillars of light above him 

Pincers 

and nails, in her hand . 

devils tormenting her with pincers 

holding his eyeballs 

in her hand 

in his hand 

red-hot pincers 

near him 

with tooth, in her hand 

with tongue, in his hand 

in his hand 

seizing the devil with his pincers 

Pistol 

with crucifix in place of barrel 

Pit 

muddy pit near him .... 
thrown into a pit . 

)» • t • • 

Pitch 

poured on his head, at the stake . , 

Pitcher. {See also Ewer) 

and loaf ..... 

and loaves ..... 
and two fishes in dish .... 

200 



St. Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Jodoc. H. (Dec. 13.) 

— Fridolin. Ab. (Mar. 6.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Alexis. C. (July 17.) 

— Richard. K.C. (Feb. 7.) 

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.) 

— Hildegund. V. (Apr. 20.) 

— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.) 

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Colman. Ab. C. (Sep. 26.) 

— Colman. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Willebold. Ct. C. (Nov. 2.) 

— Patricia. V. (Aug. 25.) 

— Veronus. C. (n.d.) 

— Maxentia. V. (Nov. 20.) 



— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.) 

— Remedius and Companions. 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 



(N.D.) 



— Christiana. (Dec. 15.) 

— Daniel. H. (Dec. 11.) 

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 

— Simeon Stylites. H. (Jan. 5.) 

— Walfroy. C. (n.d.) 

— Angilbert. Ab. (Feb. 18.) 

— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.) 

— Theodulus. H. (May 28.) 

— Bartholomew. Ab. (Nov. 11.) 

— Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 

— Apollonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Athanasius. B.C.Dr. (May 2.) 

— Brioch. B.C. (May i.) 

— Ephrem. Dr.C. (July 9.) 

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 

Sibylla Libyca. 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Leodegar. B.M. (Oct. 2.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.) 

— Livinus. B.M. (Nov. 12.) ■ 

— Pelagius. M. (June 26.) 
" " " C. (Feb. 27.) 

B.M. (Feb. 9.) 

B.M. (Nov. 12.) 

B.C. (May 19.) 



— Galmier. 

— Apollonia. 

— Livinus. 

— Dunstan. 
Ibid. 



St. Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Symphorosa. M. (July 8.) 

— Vitalis. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Cyriacus. M. (Aug. 8.) 

— Paul. B.C. (Mar. 12.) 
Abdias. Pt. 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Pitcher — continued 

as a Carmelite with pitcher 

holding it up, light from heaven on him 

in a basket 

in his hand 

near him 

of water, near him 

Pitchfork 

pushed from rock with pitchfork 

Plan. {See also Model) 

in her hand, men at work 

in his hand 

of Camerino, in his hand 

Plants 

watering them . 

Plough 

drawn by stags 

t} 

held by angel . 
in his hand 

yy • 

drawn by twelve stags 
drawn by eight stags . 
drawn by two stags 
drawn by a deer and a wolf 

Ploughshare 

in her hand, walking on others 
red-hot, in her hand 
red-hot, walking over it 

Pointing 

to his mouth, tongueless 

Pomegranate 

with cross at top, in his hand 

Pot 

of wax, held in flames 

Potsherds 

around them . 



l3dng on potsherds 

lying on potsherds, in prison . 

Praying 

at a church door, by night 

at a well 

before a church, city on fire 

before crucifix, dragon behind him 

by bodies of martyrs . 

in a cave 

near a battle 

pillar upheld by angel, saint praying 

Priest 

exhorting her . . . . , 

appearing to him . . . , 

Priests 

two elevating Host at her side, dove overhead 

Preaching 

devils near 
from an eminence 
from a pulpit 
to fishes 
to frogs 
to monks 



to sheep 

2C 



St. Thomassus. C. (n.d.) 

— Bade. C. (May 27.) 

— Joanna. W. (May 24.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Romanus. M. (Aug. 9.) 

— Agatho. H.M. (May 8.) 

— Narcissus. B. (Oct. 29.) 



— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Hieraetha. (July 8.) 

— Domnohus. B. (May 16.) 

— Venatius. M. (May 18.) 

— Silvanus. M. (Oct. 16.) 



— Robert of Dale Abbey, (n.d.) 

— Ecian. B.C. (Feb. 11.) 

— Isidore. C. (Jan. 15.) 

— Exuperius. B. (Sep. 28.) 

— Richard. B.C. (Apr. 3.) 

— Leonoras. B.C. (July i.) 

— Kenan. C. (Nov. 24.) 

— Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 
Ibid. 



St. Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.) 

— Richarda. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.) 

— Placidus. Ab. (Oct. 5.) 

— John of God. C. (Mar. 6.) 

— Aldetrudis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 

SS. Justa and Rufina. VV. MM. 

(July 19.) 
St. Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Lucian. B.M. (Jan. 7.) 

— Casimir. C. (Mar. 4.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 

— Servatus. B.C. (May 13.) 
• — Serapia. M. (Sep. 3.) 

— Barlaam. M. (Nov. 19.) 

— Rembert. Abp. C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Christiana. V. (Dec. 15) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— ApoUinaris. (Aug. 23.) 

— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 17.) 

— Stephen. B.C. (Sep. 7.) 

— Peregrinus. (n.d.) 

— Albinus. M. (Mar. i.) 

— Antony. C. (June 13.) 

— Herve. H. (June 17.) 

— Egbert. Mk. C. (Apr. 24.) 

— Mamertius. C. (n.d.) 



— Odilo. Ab. 

— Remaclus. 

— ApoUinaris. 



(Jan. I.) 
B.C. (Sep. 3.) 
B.M. (July 23.) 



201 



Saints and their Emblems 



Preaching — continued 
to the Court 
to the poor 

to birds 

to a sultan 

from a wagon, bearing the stigmata 

Precipice 

throwing broken chains from it 
thrown from one, into the sea . 

Presenting 

an apple, to picture of the B.V. Mary 
an angel, to Valerian . 
a habit, to St. William of Aquitaine 
his heart, to B.V. Mary 
a shrine, to K. Dagobert 
a slipper, to an emperor 
SS. Peter and ApoUonaris presenting him to Pope 
Sistus III. ..... 

Prince 

baptizing a prince .... 
Moorish prince kneeling to him 
preaching to Moorish prince 

Princess 

in background ; broken spear and dragon at his feet 
kissing his robe .... 

teaching a princess to read 

Prison 

in prison chained 

at window of prison 

bars, saint seen through them 

chained, in prison 

delivered from prison . 

in prison, brealang idols 

with doors open 

fed by angel in prison 

praj^ng in prison 

delivered from prison by St. Nicholas 

Prisoners 

relieving them from their chains 

relieving them from chains, by asperging 

Pulpit 

in a pulpit 
lecturing from it 
preaching from it 



Purgatory 

contemplating it ... . 

prajnng Malcolm, her husband, out of purgatory 
souls released by him from purgatory . 

Purse 

in his hand 



brought him by an angel 
sceptre, and ring 

Purses 

three, at his feet .... 

three, in his hand .... 

Pyre 

bound to wooden pyre 
dragon burning on it . 
holding stake on it . 

202 



St. Mary Mag. (July 32.) 

— Chlodulf. B.C. (Junes.) 

— Paulinus. B. (June 22.) 

— Fiacre. H. (Aug. 30.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 
Ibid. 

Ibid. 



St 


. Adjutor. 


H. 


(Apr. 30.) 


— 


Adrian. 


M. (Sep. 8.) 


_„ 


- Herman. 


B.C. 


(Apr. 7.) 


— 


- Cecilia. 


V.M. 


(Nov. 22.) 


— 


- Benedict 


Ab. 


(Feb. 12.) 


— 


Benedict 


Ab. 


(Mar. 21.) 


— 


Eligius. 


B.C. 


(Dec. I.) 


— 


Gunther. 


B.C. 


(N.D.) 



Peter. Abp. (Dec. 4.) 

Wulfram. Abp. (Mar. 20.) 
Ferdinand. K. (May 30^.) 
Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 



• George. M. 
OdUo. Ab. 
Modwenna. 



(Apr. 23.) 
(Jan. I.) 
V. Abs. (July 6.) 



Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 
Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

■ Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. 12.) 
• Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

■ Brice. B.C. (Nov. 13.) 

■ Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 
Gabinus. P.M. (Feb. 19.) 
Concord. P.M. (Jan. 2.) 
Leocadia. V.M. (Dec. 9.) 
Bernard. C. (June 15.) 



■ Claudius. Abp. (June 16.) 
- Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

■ Evermodus. B.C. (n.d.) 

Bardo. Abp. (June 10.) 
• Pantaenus. C. (July 7.) 
Albinus. B. 

Maternus. B.C. (Sep. 18.) 
Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

■ Odilio. Ab. C. (Jan. i.) 

■ Margaret. Q. (June 10.) 

■ Simon. C. (May 16.) 



Cyril. B. (Mar. 18.) 
John. C. (Mar. 8.) 
John. Patr. (Jan. 23.) 
John Oldratus. C. (n.d.) 
Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 
Brioch. B.C. (May i.); 

Pegasius. (Nov. 2.) 
Hilarion. Ab. (Oct. 21.) 
Agatha. V.M. Feb. 5.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Pyre — continued 
near him 

>• • 

near him, dove over it 
on flaming pyre, sword through her neck 
onit . 

on it, holding sword 
rain extinguishing it 
singing, upon it 
walking through pyre 

Pyx 

in his hand (as Franciscan friar) 

Quarry 

working in a quarry |. 

Queen 

forbidding a queen to enter monastery 

Quiver 

of arrows, in his hand 

Back 

chained to it . 

Isring covered with snow before it 

stretched on it 



Rain 

obtaining rain by prayer 

Raising to Life 

an ass . 
a boy . 
a child 



a child in cradle 
a man, before a judge 
a man, from grave 
an executed man 
a rich pagan's son 
horses . 
a widow's son . 
a drowned youth 

>i • 

theMead 



a monk, horseman near him 
a man, killed by a wolf 

Rake 

in his hand 

or woolcomb, in his hand 

Raven 

at his feet 

at his side 

bringing him food 

bringing him a letter and gold box 

bringing him a loaf 



carrying away a fish 

devil as raven stealing his bread 

driving wild beasts from his body 

finding his head 

guiding him 

hovering over saint, his legs and arms 

on a millstone . 

on a stick in his hand . 

trampling on a raven 

with ring in its beak, near her . 

on a ciboriima, in his hand 



chopped 



off 



St. ApoUonius. M. (Apr. 5.) 

— Theodore T3rro. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Aristion. M. (Oct. 17.) 

— Nicetas. M. (Sep. 15.) 

— Augusta. V.M. (Mar. 27.) 

— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Fructuosus. B.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Peter Igneus. B.C. (n.d.) 



— Bonaventura. B.C.D. (July 14.) 

— Nemesianus. B.M. (Sep. 10.) 

— Paphnutius. B.C. (Sep. 11.) 

— Pouanus. M. (Sep. 10.) 

— Theotontius. P.C. (Feb. 18.) 



— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

— Eulaha. V.M. (Feb. 12.) 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— Nestor. B.M. (Feb. 27.) 

— Vincent. M. (June 9.) 

— Heribert. B.C. (Mar. 16.) 

— Germanus. B. (July 31.) 

— Valentine of Terracina. B.C. 

— Bassian. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 

— Martin. Pope. M. (Nov. la.) 

— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.) 

— Hilary. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

— Antony. C. (June 13.) 

— Fridohn. Ab. (Mar. 6.) 

— Amandus. B.C. (Feb. 6.) 

— Abundius. B.C. (Apr. 2.) 

— Fechin. Ab. (Jan. 20.) 

— Ssrrus. B. (Sep. 12.) 

— Ceslas. C. (July 20.) 

— Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 

— lUidius. B.C. (Junes.) 

— Martial. B.C. (June 30.) 

— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Poppo. Ab, (Jan. 25.) 

— Isidore. C. (May 10.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— ApoUonaris B.M. (July 23.) 

— Venerus. H. (n.d.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

— Paul. H. (Jan. 15.) 

— Arnoald. B. (July 18.) 

— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Auxentius. M. (Dec. 13.) 

— WilUam. P.H. (Apr. 24.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. ai.) 

— Expeditus. M. (Apr. 20.) 

— Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 



208 



Saints and their Emblems 



Ravens 

pursuing his murderers 

two, piloting ship with his relics 

Rays 

darted on his face 

descending on him 

of glory, round his head 

of gold, from his left hand 

from a star, descending on him 

from a crucifix, to the saint's hands, feet and side 

Razor 

in his hand ..... 
open, on book .... 

Razors 

cut with ..... 

Reaping hook 

cutting corn with it . 

,, .... 

Reed 

and sponge, in her hand 
reeds thrust under his nails 

Refusing 

a rich robe ..... 
a queen to enter monastery 
to sacrifice to Bacchus 

Relics 

his rehcs passing a tree which bursts into blossom 



Reliquary 

in his hand 

Rescued 

from drowning, by angel 

Rescuing 

a drowning man 
a sinking ship . 

Restoring. {See also Healing) 

a broken pillar, by blessing it 
a horse to life . 
a lunatic 

a mad woman 

a man's hand cut off . 

sight to a blind man . 



sight to blind men 

sight to a blind nobleman 

sight to blind persons . 

sight to a girl . 
sight to her mother 

Ring 

B.V. Mary presenting it to him 



and palm 

and staff, staircase near him 

Our Saviour placing a ring on her hand 



giving it to two pilgrims 
in fish's mouth 
in her hand 



in his hand 



St. Meinrad. H.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Alphonso. B.C. (Aug. 2.) 
Bl. Odo of Ghent, (n.d.) 

St. Demetrius of Spoleto. C. (n.d.) 
Bl. John. C. (n.d.) 
St. John. C. (Oct. 23.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Pamphilus. P. (June i.) 

— Landric. B.C. (June 10.) 

— Epimachus. M. (Dec. 12.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 

Sibylla Agrippa. 

St. Boniface. M. (May 14.) 

— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.) 

— Theotontius. P.C. (Feb. 18.) 

— Auxentius. B. (Dec. 18.) 

— Firminus. B.C. (Sep. 26.) 

— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.) 

— Solemnis. B. (Sep. 25.) 



— Authimius. M. (Apr. 27.) 

— Opportuna. V. Abs. (Apr. 22.) 

— Castor. P.C. (Feb. 13.) 

— Angilbert. Ab. (Feb. 18.) 

— Segni. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.) 

— Anatolia. M. (July 9.) 

— Deodatus. B.C. (June 19.) 

— Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 

— Terentius. M. (Apr. 10.) 

— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.) 

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 

— Simeon. H.C. (July i.) 

— Maclovius. B.C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Mang. C. (n.d.) 

— Pardulphus. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.) 

— Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 



— Edmund. B.C. (Nov. 16.) 

— Robert. Ab. (Apr. 29.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Alexis. C. (July 17.) 

Bl. Joanna de Urbe Veteri. V. 
St. Mary. V. (May 25.) 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— Arnoald. B. (Jidy 18.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Godebertha. V. (Apr. 11.) 

— Theodora. Emps. (Feb. 11.) 

— Damasus. Pope. C. (Dec. 11.) 



204 



Saints and their Emblems 



Ring — eontinued 

in his hand ..... 

j> • • . . • 

in raven's bill ..... 
sceptre, and purse .... 

Rings 

three, on his right hand 

(of iron) on neck and arms 

seven on one hand, heart in the other . 

River 

angel and pilgrim walking on it 

appeasing the flooded Rhone . 

before him ..... 

crossing the Danube on his mantle 

crossing over a river .... 

crossing, with ciborium and image of B.V. Mary 

standing by it 

thrown into it . 

two angels supporting him over it 

near him ..... 

wading across it, carrying two children 

throwing water into a river 

wading across it, carrying the Infant Saviour . 

Robbers 

arrested during his prayer 

converting ..... 

four, carried on his back 

Robe 

blue (before the Crucifixion) 

crimson 

grey or violet (after the Crucifixion) 

blue .... 

refusing a rich robe 

Rock 

chained to a rock 



hiding in it . 
obtaining water from it 



pitchforked off it 
standing on it, in the sea 

Rocks 

falling on invaders, saint prapng 

Rod 

and censer 

and table of the Law . 

flowering, in her hand 

flowering, in his hand . 

in his hand 

of Aesculapius in their hands . 

Rods 

beaten with rods . . . • 

bundle of, and book . . • • 

bundle of, in her hand 

Roof 

falling from roof . . • • 

of a chapel, supported by B.V. Mary . 

Rooks 

shutting rooks in a granary . 

Rope 

around her neck . . . • 

around his neck, kneeling at altar 
given to poor man . . . • 

205 



St. Theodulus. M. (Feb. 17.) 

— William. P.H. (Apr. 24.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— FeUx. B. (Mar. 8.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Gertrude. V. Abs. (Nov. 15.) 



Raphael. Archangel. 
Clarus. Ab. (Apr. 26.) 
Romanus. M. (Nov. 18.) 
Sebaldus. K.H. (Aug. 19.) 
Arbogastes. B.C. (July 21.) 
Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 
Benet. Ab. (Apr. 14.) 
Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 
Ferreolus. M. (Sep. 18.) 
John. M. (May 16.) 
Eustachius. (Sep 20.) 
Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 
Christopher. (July 25.) 



— Winwaloe. H. (Mar. 3.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Moyses. M. (Aug. 28.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Sixtus. Pope. M. (Apr. 6.) 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Sampson. B. (July 28.) 

— Aphraates. (Apr. 7.) 

— Gregory. P. CD. 

— Martin. H. (June 21.) 

— Adriadne. V. (n.d.) 

— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.) 

— Columbanus. 

— Corentin. B. 

— Gummar. C. 

— Amatus. Ab, 
Moses. 
St. Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.) 



Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 
(Dec. 12.) 
(Oct. II.) 
(Sep. 13.) 



— Finian. B.C. (Sep. 10.) 

Aaron. 

Moses. 

Sibylla Hellespontina. 

St. Joseph. C. (Mar. 19.) 

— Zaphkiel. Angel. 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.) 

St. Fidelis. M. (Mar. 23.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Philip. P.C. (May 26.) 

— Maurice. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 

— Charles. Abp. (Nov. 4.) 

— Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Rope — continued 








in her hand 








in his hand 








Rosary 


and staff 








and book 








and cross staff . 








and key 








and hghted torch 








and loaf 








and pilgrim's staff 








and sword| 








bell, and st.a.ff . 








cross, and hly . 








hanging, one end through a large ring 






in his hand 






in his hand, in armour 






in his hand, ships in the distance 






in his hand, star on his forehead 






receiving it, from B.V. Mary . 






staff, and crucifix 






and book, scourge at feet 






and crucifix in her lap, in a cave 






Rose 


and sceptre ...... 


in her hand ...... 


white, in her hand . . . . . 


with figure of Christ on 


it 


« 


• 



Rosebud 

in one hand, two rings in other 

Roses 

and lilies, issuing from his mouth 

basket of roses 

cloak full of white roses 

crown of, received from B.V. Mary 

crowned with roses 

crowned with roses, basket of roses before her 

crowned with roses, lamp and book 

d3^ng on bed of roses . 

falUng from his vestments 

in her apron . 

jj • • 

in her lap 

>> • • 

in her lap, flowers in her hand 

in her lap, in winter . 

springing from his blood 

three, on a banner 

tunic full of roses, cross on shoulders 

Sack 

clothed in a sack .... 

a sack inscribed " Deo gr alias," on his shoulder 

Sacrament, the Blessed 

brought him by a dove 
carrying it on the sea 
kneeling before it 



over his head . 

Sacred Vessels. {See Vessels) 
Saddle 

near him ..... 

206 



St. Beatrix. M. (July 29.) 

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 

— Sira. V.M. (June 8.) 

— Cohnan. M. (Oct. 13.) 

— Desiderius. B.M. (May 23.) 



— Seiriol. C. 

— Austell. C. (June 28.) 

— Toscano. V. (n.d.) , 

— Neot. C. (July 31.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Tosso. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.) 

— Francis. S.J. (Dec. 3.) 

— Ladislas. K. (June 27.) 

— Mutius. H. (n.d.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

— Alanus de Rupe. O.P. (n.d.) 

— Fiacre. C. (Aug. 30.) ' 

— Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Pius. Pope. C. (May 

— Dominic. C. ' 

— Bonaventura. 

— Francis. C. 

— Ephrem. Dr.C, 

— Eustochimn. V, 



, . 5.) 
(Aug. 4.) 

B.C.D. (July 14.) 
(Apr. 2.) 
~ (Feb. I.) 
(Sep. 28.) 



— Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Ehzabeth. Q. (July 8.) 
Sibylla Erythrea. 

St. Rose. V. (Aug. 30.) 



— Herman. B.C. (Apr. 7.) 



— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

— Ehzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Barachiel. Archangel. 

— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

SS. Arsiclas & Victoria. MM. (Nov. 17.) 
St. Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Hiltrudis. V. (Sep. 27.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Eleko. Ab. (Mar. 22.) 

— Rosaline. V. (June 11.) 

— Rose. V. (Aug. 30.) 

— Casilda. V. (Apr. 9.) 

— Rosaline. V. (June 11.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 

— Ehzabeth. Q. (July 8.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 29.) 

— Didacus. C. (Nov. 13.) 



Isaiah. 
St. Fehx. 



O.M.C. (May 21.) 



— Albert of Ogra. (n.d.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 10.) 

— Juliana. V. (June 19.) 

— William. B.C. (Jan. 10.) 

— Bonaventura. B.C.Dr. (July 14.) 



— Eligius. B.C. (Dec, i.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Saint 

St Agatha, appearing at her tomb 

St. Andrew with her . 

St. Antony, dividing a loaf with him . 

St. Athanasius, received by him 

St. Augustine, discoursing with him 

St. Augustine, writing " Verbum caro factum 

heart .... 

St. Bartholomew, appearing to him 
St. Benedict, appearing to him 
St. Cecilia and angel, appearing to him 
St. Cunegundes holding lily, with him . 
St. Dominic appearing (with other founders) to 
St. Domitilla (their mistress) with them 



St 
St 
St 
St 
St 



St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 



St. EUgius. presenting a ring to her 

St. Eugenius, appearing to him 

St. Ewald (the White), with light shining on him 

St. Genevieve, appearing to him 

St. Germanus, kneeling before him 

St. Henry, Emp., kneeling before him . 

Ildefonsus, appearing to her from a tomb 

Isidore, appearing to him . 

Jerom, appearing to him . 

John Baptist, appearing to her 
_ .. John (infant) in her arms . 
burying the body of St. Laurence 
St. Luke, showing portrait of B.V. Mary to her 

Matthew, on his shoulders . 

Maximin, giving her the Holy Communion 

Mercurius, appearing to him 

Nonnus baptizing her 
receiving St. Pachomius 
baptizing St. Paulina . 
St. Peter, appearing at his bedside 
St. Peter, appearing to him 
St. Peter, appearing to him (crucified head downwards) 

Peter, at her table . 

Peter, blessing and giving him a pallium 

Peter, consecrating his church at night 

Peter, delivering him from prison . 

Peter, indicating water for her monastery 
„.. Philip Neri, receiving a flagon from him 
St. Placidus, saved from drowning by him 
St. Thomas of Canterbury, appearing to him 
St. Ursula, appearing to her . 
St. Valeria, bringing him her head at Mass 
kneeling before St. Boniface 
kneeling before St. Benedict's cell 
visiting St. Paul, H., in his cell 
St. Wolfgang, appearing to him 
St. Zosimus, administering the Holy Commumon to her 



St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 



on her 



her 



St. Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

Sibylla Europa. 

St. Paul. H. (Jan. 15.) 

— Maximinus. B. (May 29.) 

— Simplician. B.C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Mary. V. (May 25.) 



(Apr. II.) 
(Jan. 15.) 
(Apr. 14.) 

(July 15.) 

Apr. 30.) 

MM. 

II.) 



(May 



(Oct. 3.) 



16.) 



Pope 



Saints 

Francis and Clare, appearing to her . 

Peter and ApoUinaris, presentmgfthe samt to 

Sixtus III. . . • ,:,..■ X.- 

Peter and Paul striking rock, for water to baptize hrni 

Salmon 

with a ring in its gills . • • • 

Saltbox 

in his^iand . . ■ • • 

Saracen. {See Moor) 
Saviour, Our 

appearing to her . . • • 

appearing to her, with an angel 
appearing to him (bearing His Cross) . • 

appearing and inviting saint to kiss His wounds 
appearing and blessing her from Cross . 
appearing and calling her to heaven . 
appearing and crowning her . . • 

207 



— Guthlac. H 

— Maurus. Ab. 

— Valerian. M. 

— Henry. Emp 

— Catherine. B 
SS. Nereus and Achilleus. 

12.) 
St. Godebertha. V. (Apr, 

— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.) 

— Ewald the Black. P.M. 

— William. Ab. (Apr. 6.) 

— Mamertinus. C. (n.d.) 

— Heribert. Abp. C. (Mar 

— Leocadia. V.M. (Dec. 9.) 

— Martin. P.C. (Feb. 11.) 

— Peter of Pisa. H. (June i.) 

— Rita. W. (N.D.) 

— Elizabeth. W. (Nov. 5.) 

— Hippoljrtus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 28.) 
Isaiah. 

St. Mary. Pen. (July 22.) 

— Basil. Abp. (June 14.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Palaemon. H.C. (Jan. 11.) 

— Marcellinus. P. (June 2.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.) 

— Peter. C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Petronilla. V. (May 31.) 

— Leo. Pope. (June 12.) 

— Gerard. Ab. (Oct. 3.) 

— Brice. B. (Nov. 13.) 

— Bertha. W. Abs. (July 4.) 

— Felix. O.M.C. (May 21.) 
Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.) 

Abp. C. (Nov. 16.) 
V. (May 31.) 
B.C. (June 30.) 
B. (n.d.) 
Scholastica. V. (Feb. 10.) 
Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 
Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 
■ Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

Colette. (Mar. 6.) 

Peter. Abp. (Dec. 4.) 
Martinianus. C. (n.d.) 

- Kentigern. B.C. (Jan. 13.) 

Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.) 



Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 
Mary of Pazzi. V. (May 25.) 
Ignatius. C. (July 31.) 
John. C. (Nov 23.) 
Hedwig. W. (Oct. 17.) 
Tarsilla. V. (Dec. 24.) 
Teresa. V. (Oct. 15.) 



— Edmund. 

— Angela. 

— Martial. 

— Adolar. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Saviour, Our — continued 

appearing and crowning her with thorns 
appearing and curing his bUndness 
appearing and embracing her from the Cross 
appearing and embracing him from the Cross 

appearing and giving him the Holy Communion in prison 

appearing and receiving her tears 

appearing and receiving his soul 

appearing and speaking to her 

appearing as pilgrim, saint washing His Feet 

appearing on the Cross, with B.V. Mary and St. John 
appearing to her and extending one arm 
appearing to her and giving her His heart 
appearing to her with wound in His side 
appearing to him as a poor child 
appearing to him at Mass 



appearing to him in glory 

appearing to him in prison 

appearing to him in his torment 

appearing to him, on the Appian Way 

appearing with angels and symbols of His Passion 

appearing, with His cross 

appearing, with symbols of His Passion 

saint carrying Him (disguised as a leper) 

saint carrying Him on his shoulders 

saint exchanging hearts with Him 

saint kneeling at His feet 

Saw 

in his hand 



(two-handed) cleaving his head 

Sawn 

hands and feet sawn off 

in a chest 

asunder 

on a cross 

through, longitudinally 

Scales 

devil in one, a white figure in the other 
fruit in one, scroll in other 
golden scales 
in his hand 

,, ■ . . 

with one, and two, globes in them 

Scapular 

given him by the Holy Trinity 

offering it to B.V. Mary 
in his hand 

Scars 

of small-pox on her face 
of plague, on his leg 
of razors, on his head . 
sword cuts, across his head 
in her neck 

Sceptre 

and arrow, in her hands 

and arrows 

and book 

and church 

and cross 

and crown, money at his feet 

and dagger 

208 



St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Rainwold. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— Catherine of Ricci. V. (Feb. 13.) 

— Bernard. Ab. (Aug. 20.) 
— ■ Pellegrini. C. (Aug. i.) 

— Dionysius. B.C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Ida of Nivelles. (n.d.) 

— Camillus. C. (July 14.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.) 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

Bl. Robert. Fdr. (Feb. 24.) 
St. Lutgardis. V. (June 16.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Lutgardis. V. (June 16.) 

— Peter. B.M. (Nov. 26.) 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

— Thomas. C. (n.d.) 

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.) 

— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.) 

— Valerian. M. (Apr. 14.) 

— Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

— Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24.) 

— Bathild. Q. (Jan. 26.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Ethbin. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Agilius. Ab. C. (Aug. 30.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.) 

— Achius. M. (May i.) 

— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Boninsegnis. C. (n.d.) 

— Fausta. V.M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Evelasius. M. (n.d.) 

— James. M. (Nov. 27.) 
Isaiah. Pt. 

St. Thutael. M. (n.d.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Michael. Archangel. 

— Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 
Thrones. 

St. Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.) 

— Publius. Ab. H. (Jan. 25.) 

— Clara. V. (Aug. 18.) 



Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 
John. C. (Feb. 8.) 
Reginald. O.P. (n.d.) 
Simon. Pr. C. (May 16.) 



Augradrisma. V. (Oct. 14.) 
Roch. (Aug. 16.) 
Epimarchus. M. (Dec. 12.) 
Peter. M. (Apr. 29.) 
Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 



Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 
Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 
Margaret. Q. (June 10.) 
Maurontius. Ab. (May 5.) 
Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 
Onuphrius. H. (June 12.) 
Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



S ceptre — continued 
and lily 
and rose 
and shield 
and spear 
and sword in hand 



and torch in her hand 

mitre, sword and armour 

(of reed) and crown of thorns 

on a table before her . 

ring, and purse 

terminating with a fleur-de-lis 

terminating with a hand 

flowering, the B.V.M. in her arms 

lajTing down his sceptre and crown 

Sceptres 

and crowns, before her 

in their hands, standing in a citadel 

holding three, cross-tipped 

holding two, one terminating in a hand 

Scholars 

stabbed by scholars 

stabbing him with their styles . 

Schoolmaster 

as a schoolmaster 



Scimitar 

and book . . . . . 

,, , . . . . 

under foot, tau cross in turban on the ground 

Scorpion 

devil as, appearing in prison . 

Scorpions 

scourged with leaden scorpions 

Scourge 

and anchor, at her feet 
and crown in hand 
in her hand 

>i 
in her hand, chain round her 
in his hand 



in his hand, with mitre, cope and cross 
in his hand, serpent at his feet 

Scourged 

at the stake 



tied to a pillar 
to death 

while bound to a tree by his bowels 
with leaden plummets 
by orders of Maximin 

Scourges 

and swords ; near him 

2D 



St. Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. lo.) 

— EUzabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 

— Gabriel. Archangel. 

— Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.) 
Archangels. 

St. Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 
^ Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.) 

— Haniel. Angel. 

— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Edward. K.C (Oct. 13.) 

— Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Anne. (July 26.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 



— Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.) 
Principalities. 

St. Lucius. K.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 



Cassian. M. 
FeUx. B.M. 



(Aug. 3.) 
(n.d.) 



Mawes. B.C. (May 17.) 
Cassian. M. (Aug. 3.) 
Felix. B.M. (n.d.) 



Peter Martyr. (Apr. 29.) 
Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.) 
Clara. V. Abs. (Aug. 12.) 



— Demetrius. M. (Aug. 14.) 



Processus and Comps. MM. (July 2.) 



— Philomena. V.M. (Aug. 10.) 

— Jehudiel. Archangel. 

— Hyacintha. V. (Jan. 30.) 
Sibylla Agrippa. 

St. Radegund. Q. (Aug. 13.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Dorotheus. B.M. (June 5.) 

— Eleutherius. B.M. (Feb. 20.) 

— Ferroleus. B.M. (June 16.) 

— Gervasius. M. (June 19.) 

— Peter. Card. B. (Feb. 23.) 

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Ambrose. Dr. (Apr. 4.) 

— Guthlac. P.H. (Apr. 11.) 



— Bacchus. M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Candida. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Concordia. V.M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Timothy. M. (Aug. 22.) 

— Urban. Po. M. (May 25.) 

— ApoUonia. V.M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Agapetus. M. (Aug. 18.) 

— Leontius. M. (n.d.) 

— Amphibalus. (n.d.) 

— Bibiana. V.M. (Dec. 2.) 

SS. Sergius and Bacchus. MM. (Oct. 7.) 



St. Processus, M. (July 2.) 



209 



Saints and their Emblems 



Scourging 

a chained devil 

chained devils .... 
herself ..... 
himself, coat of mail on ground 
himself, kneeling 

Screen 

with " Gloria Patri " in his hand 

Screw-press 

under a screw-press 

Scroll ^ 

and book in hand 

,, ^ • • • 

and seal, cloud|dropping water 
handing sealed scroll to St. Aldhelm 
in left hand, sword in right 
in one scale, fruit in other 

Sculptor 

at work on statue . . 

Scythe 

and sceptre, two calves at his feet 

cutting a stone with it 

in her hand, cows and fountain near 

*i- *» • 

in her hand, well near her 
in his hand .... 
in his hand, saint crowned 
recovering if from a stream 

Sea 

beheaded and thrown into the sea 

floating on the sea 

man and boy walking on the sea 

pushed into the sea 

standing by the sea, children near him . 

thrown into the sea from cliff . 

walking on the sea with B. Sacrament . 

walking on the sea, on his cloak 

It ft • 

walking on the sea, star overhead 
walking on the sea (with another saint) 
standing on his cloak, on the sea 

»* tt * 

Seashore 

kneeling on it, holding a lily . 
standing on it, flask on book in her hand 
walking on it, a child at his feet with spoon 

Seeds 

three, in his hand, a thread round his thimib 

Seraph 

on each side, globe with cross . 

Serpent 

above a cup in his hand 
and cup n his hand 
at her feiet 

at his feet, scourge in his hand 
drinking at cup, saint's hands manacled 
driven from under altar of Mars 
in her hand 
in his hand 

issuing from broken cup 1 
issuing from chaUce in his hand 
tt >» • 

marked with arms of France beneath tomb 
round her wrist 
twined round him 

with apple in its mouth,under his foot 
under his foot, saint carr3nng axe 
issuing from a loaf of bread, at his side 



St. JuUana. V. (Feb. i6.) 

Powers. 

St. Alexandra. Pen. (n.d.) 

— Dominic. C. (Oct. 14.) 

— Simeon. H.C. (Jan. 5.) 

— Damasus. Po. C. (Dec. 11.) 

— Jonas. M. (Mar. 29.) 

Micaiah. 

St. Uriel. Archangel. 

— Swithin. B. (July 15.) 

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 
Sibylla Erythrea. 

St. Antoninus. Abp. (May 10.) 

— Castorius. M. (July 7.) 

— Walstan. C. (May 30.) 

— Albert of Ogra. (n.d.) 

— Guntilda. (n.d.) 

— Nothburga. Abs. (Sep. 14.) 

— Sidwell. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 4v 

— Valentius. M. (n.d.) 

— Walstan. C. (May 30.) - 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) ^ 

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.) 

— Rufina. M. (July 10.) 

— Nazarius. M. (July 28.) 

— Eugenius. M. (Mar. 4.) 

— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 
Bl. John Agni. O.P. (n.d.) 
St. Peter Alcantara. (Oct. 19.) 

— Celsus. (July 28.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) , , 

— Gertrude. V. (Mar. 17.) 

— Walburgis. V. (Feb. 25.) 

— Augustin. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.) 

Seth. 

B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 



St. Licinius. B.C. 

— Edward. K.M. 
Sibylla Persica. 
St. Guthlac. P.H. 

— Chariton. H. 

— Phihp. Ap. ]V 

— Itisberge. V. 

— Mesnin. Ab, 



(Feb. 13.) 
(Mar. 18.) 

(Apr. II.) 
(Sep. 28.) 

L (May i.) 
(n.d.) 

(n.d.) 



210 



— Portianus. Ab. C. (Nov. 24.) 

— John. Ap. Evan. (Dec. 27.) 

— Louis. C. (Oct. 9.) 

— Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Phocas. M. (Mar. 5.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. ai.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Serpents 

and torches, in their hands 
and wild beasts, near him 
around her 
at his feet 



two, one on either side of her 

>> >> 

driving away . 

a • • 

if • • 

feeding from her basket 
on an island with serpents 
round her arms 
twined round him 
surrounded by them 

Shears 

and bottle, in his hand 

in her hand 

in his hand 

on the ground near her 

Sheep 

a bear tending them for him 

around her 

and distaff near her 

in oratory round him . 

kneeling amongst them 

near him, and crook 
preaching to them 
strayed, brought by wolf to him 
tending them . 



tending them, dog at his feet 
tending them in desert 
tending them, crook in his hand 
leading a flock of sheep 

Shell 

an escallop shell in his hat 
on his cloak 

Shells ^ 

on his hat and cloak . 

lying on shells, angel bringing crown 



Shepherd 

as a shepherd 



witijj dog 

discovering him in solitude 

Shepherdess 

as a shepherdess 

»» 
spinning 



Shield . , ^ „ 

charged with " Azure, an anchor in pale, Or 
charged with " Azure, sernie of arrows points 

Or, feathered Argent" ' ' 'j ' 

charged with " argent, three arrows gules two and one . 
charged with " argent, three arrows palewtse, points in 

base, gules " . • • • • 

211 



SS. Anatolia and Audax. MM. (July 9.) 
St. Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep 16.) 

— Didymus. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Pachonius. Ab. (May 14.) 

— Paternus. B.C. (Apr. 15.) 

— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 

— Hilary. B.C. 

— Patrick. B.C. (Apr. 15.) 

— Pirminius. Ab. B. (Nov. 3.) 

— Verdiana. V.R. (Feb. i.) 

— Hilary. B.C. (May i.) 

— Thecla. V.M. (Sep. 23.) 

— Pirminius. Ab. B. (Nov. 3.) 

— Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Cosmas. M. (Sep. 27.) 

— Macra. V.M. (Jan. 6.) 

— Fortunatus. M. (n.d.) 

— Agatha. V.M. (Feb. 5.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. 7.) 

— Solangia. V.M. (May 10.) 

— Gamelbert. P.C. (Jan. 27.) 

— Erhard. Ab. C. (Feb. 9.) 

— Gilbert the Pilgrim, (n.d.) 
Amos. Pt. 

St. Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 

— Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.) 

— Drogo. H. (Apr. 16.) 

— Germaine. V. (June 15.) 

— Margaret. V.M. (July 20.) 

— Pas.(3ial. C. (May 17.) 
H. (Oct. 21.) 

M. (July 27.) 

M. (n.d.) 'i 

Pec. 18.) 



Wendelin 

— Malchus. 

— Gaudentius. 

— Gatian. B.C 



— James. Ap. 
lUd. 



(July 25.) 



St. James. Ap. (July 25.) 
— Felix. M. (Jan. 14.) 



Malchus. M. (July 27.) 
Drogo. H. (Apr. 16.) 
Paschal. C. (May 17.) 
Lubin. B. (Mar. 14.) 
Gaudentius. M. (n.d.) 
Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.) 
Wendehn. Ab. (Oct. 21.) 
Avitus. Ab. (June 17.) 



— Germaine. 

— Margaret. 
— '■ Genevieve. 

— Solangia. 



V. (June 15.) 
V.M. (July 20.) 

V. (Jan. 3.) 
V.M. (May 10.) 



in base. 



— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 



— Ursula. V.M. 

— Sebastian. M. 

Ibid. 



(Oct. 21.) 
(Jan. 20.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Shield — continued 

charged with " azure, two arrows saltire-wise in chief a 

crown, all or " (Bury St. Edmunds Abbey) , 
charged with " parly per pale, sable and argent three letters 

B, two and one, counterchanged ' (Bridlington Priory) . 
charged with " barry of six, argent and azure, over all in 

bend a pilgrim's staff or " (Sempringham Priory) 
charged with " azure three bars argent on a chief of the 

second a pale between two gussets, dexter and sinister, 

of the first, on an escutcheon of the second a cross 

crosslet fitchh gules." (Winchcomb Abbey) 
charged with " gules in fess point a bell argent within an 

orle of garbs or" . 
charged with " Or three bendlets gules on a chief of the field 

two lions counter-rampant of the second, supporting 

a torteau inscribed I H S" (St. Gregory's Priory, 

Canterbury) ...... 

charged with " gules, a bezant between three crowns or " 
charged with " gules, three bezants, two and one, the first 

charged with a lion rampant argent; the second with 

a dragon salient of the last, and the one in base with a 

demi-king regally vested and crowned proper " 
charged with " a cross " 
charged with " azure, a cross argent " . 
charged with " sable, a cross argent " (Canterbury 

Abbey) ...... 

charged with " gules, a cross argent, charged in the midst 

with a lion couchant gardant azure, mitred or" . 
charged with " sable, a cross argent ; in the dexter canton 

a pastoral staff erect or, ensigned with a cross patSe of 

the second, surmounted by a pall of the last; in the 

sinister canton a lily slipped argent " . 
charged with " argent a cross gules " . 
charged with " on a cross between four eaglets displayed 

nine roundels "..... 
charged with " cheeky, gules and vert, a cross and bar dure 

or" . 
charged-with." gules, a cross and bordure or " 
charged with " gules, a cross between four covered cups 

argent "...... 

charged with " gules, a cross between four lions rampant 

argent " (Fountains Abbey) .... 
charged with " argent, a cross crosslet in saltier sable " 
chaxgedwith." gules, a cross flory argent" 
charged with " a cross flory or" 
charged with " gules a cross flory or" . 
charged with " gules, a cross flory or within a border azure, 

crucilly of the second " (Croyland Abbey) 
charged with " azure, a cross flory or between four lions 

rampant argent " (St Cuthbert's Mons. Durham) 
charged with "gules, a cross humetei between four cross 

crosslets or, within a border azure, sem6e of arrow heads 

argent "...... 

charged with " paly of nine, or and gules, on a chief of the 

second a cross patSe argent " . 
charged with " argent, gutiSe de sang, a cross patie gules " 
charged with " azure, a cross patSe between four crowns or " 
charged with " Or, a cross patonce gules, between four 

Cornish choughs proper " . 
charged with " azure, a cross patonce, between five martlets 

or" . 
charged with " Or, a tau cross azure " . 
charged with " argent, a cross pommSe gules " . 
charged with " azure, a cross potent argent between four 

letters A, Or" 
charged with " azure a cross potent, counter-changed or 

and argent " . 
charged with " azure, a cross potent, fitchie or" . 
charged with " argent, a cross sable between twelve guttis 

de sang " . 
charged with " per pale, gules and argent, a cross potent 

and quadrate in the centre, between four crosses patie all 

counterchanged " (See of Lichfield) 

212 



St. Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— John. C. (Oct. 10.) 

— Gilbert. Ab. (Feb. 4.) 

— Kenelm. K.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Mildred. Ab. (Feb. ao.) 



Gregory. Pope. CD. (Mar. 12.) 
Ethelbert. K. (May 20.) 



• Ethelbert. K. (Feb. 24.) 
Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 
■ Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

Augustine. B.C. (May 26.) 

Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 



— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Victor. M. 

— Maurice. M. (July 10.) 

— Richard. B. (Apr. 3.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Julian. M. 

— Dionysius. B.M. (Oct. 9.) 

— Sergius. M. (Oct. 17.) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Guthlac. H. (Apr. 11.) 

— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 



— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Raymond. C. (Jan. 23.) 

— Anselm. B.C.D. (Apr. 21.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 

— Edmund. Abp. C. (Nov. 16.) 

— Edward. K.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— Anthony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Michael. Archangel. 

— Albinus. B. (Mar. i.) 

— Ethelwold. (Aug. i.) 

— Ethelred. M. (Oct. 17.) 

— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 



Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.) 



Saints and their Emblems 

Shield — continued 

charged with " azure, a chain in chevron, with a ring on 
the dexter and a horselock on the sinister between three 

mitres, all Or" {Eveshaxa. Nbh&y) . . . St. Egwin. B.C. (Jan. ii.) 

charged with " per chevron, sable and argent ; over all a 

crucifix, proper " . . . . . — Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

charged with " per chevron, sable and argent, between a 

lily and palm in saltire issuing from a crown or, a mullet 

of six points gules, in base, on a mound vert, a dog sejant 

holding an orb, and in his mouth a torch flamed proper " Ibid. 
charged with " argent three Cornish choughs proper two 

and one'' ...... St. Thomas. B.M. (Dec. 29.) 

charged with " gules {or azure) a covered cup, Or" . — Dunstan. B.C. (May 19.) 
charged with " azure, a crown pierced with two arrows in 

saltire, Or " (Bury St. Edmunds Abbey) . . — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

charged with " argent, a crown transfixed with a pastoral 

staff sable, within a bordure of the last sem^e of bezants " — John. B.C. (May 7.) 
charged with " gules, three crowns two and one. Or " (St. 

Oswin's Abbey, Tynemouth) . . . . — Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.) 

charged with " azure, three crowns two and one. Or "(Bury 

St. Edmunds Abbey) . . . . — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

charged with " gules, three crowns two and one. Or" . — Ethelbert. M. (May 20.) 

. — Etheldreda. V. Abs. (June 23.) 
charged with " or, three crowns gules, two and one " (St 

Osyth's Priory, Essex) . . . . — Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

chaxgedwith" gules, three crowns in pale. Or " . . — Ethelred. M. (Oct. 17.) 

charged with " azure, three crowns, two and one, the lower 

pierced with an arrow palewise, point in base, Or " . — Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

charged with " azure, three crowns, each transfixed with 

two arrows saltirewise, all Or " (Bury St. Edmunds 

Abbey) . . . . . . Ibid. 

charged with " four eagles displayed between nine 

roundels " . . . . . .St. Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

(and banner) charged with " an escarbuncle " . . — Victor. M. (July 21.) 

charged with " azure, three estoiles, two and one. Or" . — Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.) 
charged with " sable, a fess enhanced argent ; in chief three 

women's heads, couped below the shoulders, proper, vested 

of the second, crowned. Or ; in base an ox argent passing 

a ford proper " . . . . ■ — Frideswide. V. Abs. (Oct. 19.) 

charged with " four fleurs-de-lis " . . . — William. H. (Feb. 10.) 

chaxgedwith " azure, semie de fleur-de-lis " . . —Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

charged with " vert, a flower-pot argent, with gillyflowers 

gules leaved proper" (Our Lady's Inn, London) . B.V.Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

charged with " argent, on a base gules, a font azure, from 

which a naked man issuant, proper, crowned or, inscribed 

•Ethel-berf" St. Augustine. B.C. ((May 26.) 

charged with " argent a gridiron sable " . . — Lawrence. M. (Aug. 10.) 

charged with " azure, in fess point a heart proper, winged 

or transfixed with a sword argent, kilted of the third " B.V. Mary. (Mar 25.) 
chsLTgedvath" gules, two keys in saltire argent " . . St. Peter. Ap. (June 29.) 

ch&Tged mih " gules, three flaying knives, erect in fess, „ ^, , . ,, „ . 

argent, handlelor" ...... -Bartholomew. Ap. (June 24.) 

charged with " azure, in bend a ladder argent, between six ^t / * ^ 

lioncels rampant. Or" . . -. • - Caradoc. H. (Apr. 13.) 

charged with" gules, three leopards, faces reversed psant, mnt ^\ 

de lis, two and one. Or "{See of Ueveford) . . -Jhomas. RC. (Oct. 2.) 

charged vnth" argent, a lily and pot proper" . • B-V_Mary. (Mar. 25O 

-,i,ovSo,i «n+v, " fhrfip lilies " ... St. Faustmus. M. (July 29.) 

charged with three Mtes . _ Simplicius. M. (July 29.) 

chavg^vnth" Or, a lion rampant" . . • -Maurice. M. (July 10.) 

charged with " gules, seven mascles Or. three, three and 

one • (Ulverscroft Priory, Leics.) . . • — George. M. (Apr. 23.J 

^argedynih'-gules.nine.mascles.Or,three,three,twoand _ ^^^^^^ ^^ York. B.C. (June 8.) 

one • • • '. • 1 ' n T. 

charged with " azure, three scourges erect %n fess. Or, each ^ ^ ^^^ ^ 

with three lashes " . • ^ ' , , ' ^ 7 •" 

charged with " azure, a mitre transfixed by an Archt- 
efiscopal cross in pale and two pastoral staves m _ ^^^^^.^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^ 

saltire. Or . • , * , ,. ' ' " Oswald K M (Aug. =,.) 

charged with " per pale or and gules • , -^ • — ^^^^^^- ^■'"- ^^"8- 5-^ 

charled with " argent, paHy per pale in dexter seven 

crosses, two, one, two, one, one gules, m sinister three ^ ,.^ ^ . 

arrows azure, points upwards palewise- . • — bebastian. ivi. U"*"- ^-^ 

213 



Saints and their Emblems 



Shield — continued 

charged with " ermine, a -pile gules " . 

charged with " quarterly, argent and . . . a fteur de-lis 

in each quarter " . 
charged with " quarterly, gules and or, four lions rampant, 

counterchanged " (Owen ap Griiiith of Wales) 
charged with " gules, a saltire argent " (Covenham Mons. 

Lines. ...... 

charged with " azure, a saltire. Or" . 

charged with " azure, a saltire argent, between two 

mitres in -pale and two crowns in fess " (Charly Priory) 
charged with " azure, a saltire ermine, between four fleurs- 
de-lis. Or" . 
charged with "or, a saltire sable " . 
charged with " argent, a saltire gules " (Bened. Mons 

Rochester) 
charged with " azure, three escallop shells, two and one, 

Or, (St. James's Abbey, Reading) 
charged with " azure, three snakes coiled. Or, two and one 

(Whitby Abbey) .... 
charged with " vert, a heron argent, drinking from 

well. Or" . 
charged with " gules, two swords in saltire \hilted. Or 

(See of London) .... 
charged with " gules, a Trinity, Or " (Holy Trinity 

Priory, Ipswich) .... 
charged with " gules, a wheel argent " . 
charged with " azure, a spiked wheel argent^' 
charged with gules, a [Catherine) wheel. Or (or argent) " 
armour, and long'arrow 

and sceptre ..... 
spear, and palm .... 

and spear, trampling devil 

Ship 

in a burning ship 

in a burning ship, fire destroying her crew 

in a ship held up by two angels 

in his hand 

with a coffin in it, in his hand 

drawing it to shore with a rope 

in his hand 



piloted by two ravens 

saving a sinking ship . 

thrown from it, anchor round his neck 

wrecked near him 

Ships 

appearing in sky over him 
driving off pirate ships 
in distance, rosary in his hand 
making signals to a fleet of ships 

Shoemaker 

at work . . . , 

Shoemakers 

two, at work . . . , 



St. Richard. B. (Apr. 3.) 

— WiUiam. H. (Feb. 10.) 

— Amphibalus. M. (n.d.) 

— Andrew. Ap. (Nov. 30.) 

— Alban. M. (June 23.) 

— Erkonwald. B. (Apr. 30.) 

— Hugh. B.C. (Nov. 17.) 

— Osmund. B.C. (Sep. 4.) 

— Patrick. B.C. (Mar. 17.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Hilda. V. Abs. (Nov. 18.) 

— Hugh. B.C. (Nov. 17.) 

— Paul. Ap. (June 30.) 

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.) 

— Willigis. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Gabriel. Archangel. 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 



— Veneranda. V M. (Nov. 14.) 

— Restituta. V.M. (May 17.) 

— Ursula. V.M. (Oct. 21.) 

— Ansehn. Abp. C. (Apr. 21.) 

— Werenfrid. P.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Simon. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Anselm. Abp. (Apr. 21.) 

— Bertulf. Ab. (Feb. 5.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Castor. P.C. (Feb. 13.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Ouen. B. (Aug. 24.) 



— Ephysius. M. (Jan. 15.) 

— Constablis. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Pius. Pope. C. (May 5.) 

— Winwaloe. Ab. (Mar. 3.) 



Shoes 

in her hand, barefooted 
with spikes inside them 
with spikes through them 
It tt 

Shovel 

baker's shovel, or peel 



214 



— Anianus. B. (Apr. 25.) 



SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM. (Oct. 
25.) 

St, Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.) 

— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 5.) 

— Sozon. M. (Sep. 7.) 



— Honorius. BiC. (Sep. 30.) 

— Aubert. B.C. (Dec. 13.) 



Shrine 



Saints and their Emblems 



inihis hand 



kneeliag at a shrine 
near him 



near him, his leg bare to thigh, monastic habit 
presenting it to K. Dagobert . 

Shuttle 

(weaver's) in his hand 

Sickle 

and bread in her hand 

and Uly ..... 

Sieve 

at his feet ... 

in her hand, a sturgeon beside her 

in his hand ..... 

Singing 

to an angel, playing an organ . 

on his funeral pile .... 

Sisters of Charity 

round him ..... 

Skin 

human skin, and flajring knife in his hand 
sewn up in an ox's skin 
wearing a tiger's or goat's skin 

Skins 

clothed in .... . 



Skull 

in his hand 

at her feet, dog plucking her robe 

at his feet 

,, ... 

before her, saint scourging herself 
book, and rosary, in his cell 
on a book, in her hand 
saint in a cask, with skull and cross 
in his hand . . 

touching it, with his staff 
with eyes in it at her feet 
crucifix, rosary and book, at her feet 

Slaves 

ransomed, around him . 

Sling 

in his hand 

Slipper 

presenting it, to an Emperor . 

Soldier. See Warrior 
Soldiers 

beating him, in a cave 
building his cellj 
driving him into exile . 
eating around him 

Sowing Seed . 
Spade 

in his hand 

» • • • 

in his hand, a woman accusmg hun 

and open book 

at his side, saint giving ahns . 

215 



St. Wenceslas. C. (Sep. 28.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.) 

— Mummulus. Ab. C. (n.d.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Wendehn. C. (Oct. 21,) 

— Hilarion. Ab. C.- (June 6.) 

— Omer. B.C. 

— Hilarion. Ab. 

— EUgius. B.C. 



(Sep. 9.) 
C. (June 6.) 
(Dec. I.) 



— Severus. B.C. (Feb. i.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 

— Andrew. Ch. (July 12.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Amalberga. V. (July 10.) 

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Fructuosus. B.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Vincent. C. (Jtdy 19.) 

— Bartholomew. Ap. (Aug. 24.) 

— Chryanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 
Sibylla Tiburtina. 

St John Baptist. (June 24.) 

— Abraham. H. (Mar. 15.) 

— Hilarion. H. (Oct. 21.) 

— Onophrius. H. (June la.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. a.) 

— Margaret. Pen. (Feb. 22.) 

— Jerome. Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Odilo. Ab. (Jan. i.) 

— Mary. Pen. (Apr. 2.) 

— Spiridion. B.C. (Dec. 14.) 

— Mary. Pen. (July 22.) 

— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 
Bl. Jordan. C. (Feb. 13.) 
St. Macarius. (Jan. 2.) 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Oljraipias. W. (Dec. 17.) 

— Vincent. C. (July 29.) 
David. 

St. Gunther. B.C. (n.d.) 



— Privatus. B.M. (Aug. 21.) 

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.) 

— Ingenuinus. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Eudoxius. M. (Sep. 5.) 

— Gatian. B.C. (Dec. 18.) 

— Maurus. Ab. (Jan. 15.) 

— Peter. C. (June 30.) 

— Phocas. M. (July 3.) 

— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.) 
lUi. 

St. Paulinus. B. (June 22.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Spear. {See also Lance) 

armour, and standard .... 

and church, in his hand, coronet over hood of mail 

and crown of thorns in her hands 

and double cross in his hand . 

in her hand 

in his hand 

in his hand (at the Crucifixion) 

long (saint on horseback) 

and palm 

pierced with a spear 

pierced with a spear, and beheaded 

piercing a dragon 

piercing a dragon with three heads 

and sceptre, in his hand 

and shield, wearing chain mail 

shield, and palm 

and shield, trampling on devil . 

Speared 

and beheaded . 

>> " • • 

Spider 

over mouth of his cave 

over a chalice, in his hand 

in a chalice 

hiding saint by spinning' its web 

Spike 

of iron, red-hot, near him 
in his hand 

Spikes 

through his shoes 

Spinning 

in a desert 

with mice on her distaff 
with a sheep near her . 
as a shepherdess, spinning 
with five maids around her 

Spit 

in his hand ..... 
in one hand, heart in the other 

Spits 

two, through his shoulders 

Sponge 

bloody sponge, in one hand, cup in other 

in her hand ..... 

on a reed, in her hand 

Spoon 

angel giving him the Holy Communion with a spoon 

held by a child at his feet 

a wooden spoon, and bowl, at his feet 

a wooden spoon in his hand 

Spring. {See also Fountain) 

of water near him 



near him, saint praying 



St. Acacius. B.C. 

— Caradoc. H. 
Sibylla Delphica. 
St. Philip. Ap. 

— Fusca. V.M. 

— Thomas. M. 

— Longinus. M. 
Ibid. 

St. Barbara. 

— Thomas. 

— Abundius. 



(May 8.) 
(Apr. 13.) 

M. (May i.) 
(Feb. 13.) 
(Dec. 21.) 
(Mar. 15.) 



V.M. (Dec. 4.) 
M. (Dec. 21.) 
(Aug. 26.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Oswin. K.M. (Aug. 20.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Thomas. M. (Dec. 21.) 

— Emmeran. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Abundius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Felix. P.C. (Jan. 14.) 

— Conrad. B.C. (Nov. 26.) 

— Norbert. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Teuteria. V. (n.d.) 

— Camion. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Agathocles. M. (n.d.) 

— Dionysius. M. (July 27.) 



Sergius. M. (Feb. 24.) 
Sozon. M. (Sep. 7.) 

Alexandrina. (n.d.) 
Piammon. H. (n.d.) 
Gertrude. V. Abs. (Mar. 
Solangia. V.M. (May 10.) 
Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 
Elizabeth. Q. (Nov. 19.) 



I7-) 



Genulph. 
Quintin. 



B.C. (Jan. 17.) 
M. (Oct. 31.) 



Ibid. 



St. Pudentiana. V.M. (May 19.) 

— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.) 
Sibylla Cumana. 

St. Mark. H. (Mar. 29.) 

— Augustine. B.C.Dr. (Aug. 28.) 

— Gerard. C. (n.d.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.) 

— Corentin. B.C. (Dec. 12.) 

— Clement. Po. M. (Nov. 23.) 

— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Julian of Mans. B.C. 

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 

— Fehx. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Apollinaris. B. (Oct. 5.) 

— Antoninus. C. (July 16.) 

— Augustine. B.C. (May 26.) 

— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.) 

— Isidore. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Omer. B.C. (Sep. 9.) 

— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 



216 



Saints and their Emblems 



Square 

carpenter's, in his hand 



and tools, at their feet 

Stabbed 

in the back 

in the back, at Mass 

and burnt 

before crucifix, distaff near her 

whilst on horseback 

with javelins . 

in left side, his blood caught in a bowl 

by schoolboys . 

by two men 

Stable 

kneeUng in a stable 
Staff 

with ball top, and model of city in his hands 

bell, and beads . 

and book, crown at her feet 

and bottle 

(budding) and crosier . 

(budding) in his hand . 

and church, both veiled, crown at her feet 

cross staff, crescent-end to one arm 

crucifix and rosary 

and cup 

with dove at top of it . 

fish, and gourd. 

and glove, in his hands 

in his hand 

>> 
(knotted) and scrip 
in left hand, clasped book in right 
and loaf, saint as a hermit 
and open book 
and palm 

(pastoral) book, and mitre 
(pastoral) and ship, in his hand 
(pastoral) transfixing a dragon with it 
(patriarchal) in his hand 
(pilgrim's) and book in his hand 
(pilgrim's^ and crosier . 
(pilgrim's) and rosary . 
(pilgrim's) in left hand, three nails m right 
planting it on a river bank 
planting it, sheep near her 
procuring fountam with it 
procuring water with it 
and ring, staircase near him 
terminating in a tau cross 
terminating in a star , 
tied to a scythe blade . 
touching dumb man with it 
walking on river with pilgrim's staff 
with two bells on it . 
plain pastoral staff 

Stag 

with cross between its horns 



drinking at fountain, saint near 
at her feet 

at his feet . ,. • ^ , 
as a huntsman, kneehng before 

near her 
near him 

2£ 



it 



St. Joseph. €. (Mar. 19.) 

— Jude. Ap. (Oct. 28.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.) 

— Thomas. Ap. (Dec. 21.) 
SS. Q. Coronati. MM. (Nov. 8.) 



St. Quiriacus 

— Narcissus. 

— Polycarp. 

— Solangia. 

— Edward. 

— Lambert. 

— William. 
— ■ Cassian. 

— Frederick. 



. P.C. (Aug. 23.) 
B. (Oct. 29.) 
B.M. (Jan. 26.) 
B.M. (May 10.) 
K.M. (Mar. 18.) 
B.M. (Sep. 17.) 
Ch. M. (Mar. 24.) 
M. (Aug. 13.) 
B.M. (July 18.) 



— Marcellus. Pope. M. (Jan. 16.) 

— Geminian. B.C. (Jan. 31.) 

— Mutius. H. (n.d.) 

— Ermenilda. Q. Abs. (Feb. 13.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct. 17.) 

— Tresain. P.C. (Feb. 7.) 

— Werburga. V. Abs. (Feb. 3.) 

— Wilham. H. (Feb. 10.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 

— Chamael. Angel. 

— Maurilius. B.C. (Sep. 13.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Christopher. M. (July 25.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 
Baruch. Pt. 

St. William. K. (n.d.) 

— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Bamabus. Ap. M. (Jime 16.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Ceadda. B. (Mar. 2.) 

— Wilfrid. Abp. (Oct. 12.) 

— Magnoald. Ab. (Sep. 6.) 

— Gregory. Pope. D. (Mar. 12.) 

— Fridolin. Ab. (Mar. 6.) 

— Matemus. B.C. (Sep. 18.) 

— Francis. S.J. (Dec. 3.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Gregory. B.C. (Nov. 17.) 

— Germaine. V. (June 15.) 

— Fursey. Ab. C. (Jan. 16.) 

— PhiHp. C. (Aug. 23.) 

— Alexis. C. (July 17.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Nicolas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Walstan. C. (May 30.) 

— Etto. B.C. (July 10.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Titus. B. (Jan. 4.) 



— Felix. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Hubert. B.C. (Nov. 3.) 

— FeUx. C. (Nov. 20.) 

— Ninnock. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Julian. Hospitator. (n.d.) 

— Regulus. B. (Mar. 30.) 



217 



Saints and their Emblems 



Stag — continued 
near him 

near him, church in his hand 
sheltered under his mantle 
shot with his bow _ . 
taking refuge near him 
with flaming horns, near her 

Stags 

eight, drawing his plough 

four, in a plough 

in a plough 

near him 

ploughing with two stags 

twelve, in a plough 

two near her 

Staircase 

near him, saint holding staff and ring 
lying under it, asleep . 

Stake 

burning at a stake 
her hands tied to it 
scourged at it . 

stoned at a stake 
transfixed with it 

tied to it, and pierced with spears 
tied to it, and torn with hooks 

Standard 
Star 



{See Banner) 



on breast or overhead 
on his breast 



on his breast, or in his hand . 

over her 

on his forehead 

Stars 

cross of, over her body . 

falling overhead . 

overhead, or on his breast 

seven, growing from a stem in his hand 

seven, or five, around his head 

a nimbus of stars 

Statue 

of Apollo, falling before him 
of Apollo, saint destroying it . 
of Hercules, martyred before it 
of Jupiter, overturning it 

as a sculptor, at work on it . 

of Bacchus, saint refusing to sacrifice to it 

Statues 

falling before him 

Steps 

dashed against them by a judge 
dragged up them by executioner 

Stick 

watering a dry stick in the ground 

Stigmata 

bearing the sacred stigmata 



with lily and book in her hands 
receiving the sacred stigmata . 
it • • 

rayed, on her hand 



St. Simeon. H. (July 26.) 

— Meinulf. Ab. C. (Oct. 5.) 

— Humbert. C. (Mar. 25.) 

— Robert of Dale Abbey. 

— Procopius. Ab. H. (July 4.) 

— Ida. Cts. (Nov. 3.) 

— Kenan. H. (Nov. 24.) 

— Neot. C. (Julysi-) 

— Ecian. B.C. (Feb. 11.) 

— Conrad. C. (Feb. 19.) 

— Robert of Dale Abbey, (n.d.) 

— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Macrina. W. (Jan. 14). 



— Alexis. 
Ibid. 



C. (July 17.) 



St. Anastasia. 

— Afra. M. 

— Concordia. 

— Justus. M, 

— Policronius. 

— Benjamin. 

— Ischyrion 

— Barbara. 

— Theodore, 



25.) 



V.M. (Dec. 
(Aug. 5.) 
V.M. (Aug. 13.) 
(Aug. 6.) 
B.M. (Feb. 17.) 
D.M. (Mar. 31.) 
M. (Dec. 22.) 
V.M. (Dec. 4.) 
M. (Nov. 9.) 



B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 

— Bruno. C. (Oct. 6.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 



— Nicholas. 

— Thomas. 

— Sivibert. 

— Athanasia 

— Humbert. 



C. (Sep. ID.) 
Dr.C. (Mar. 7.) 
B.C. (Mar. i.) 
W. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 

C. (Mar. 25.) 



— Xenia. Abs. (Jan. 24.) 

— Mederic. P. Ab. (Aug. 29.) 

— Nicholas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Hugh. B.C. (Apr. i.) 

— John Nepomucen. (May 16.) 
B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Abercius. B.C. (Oct. 22.) 

— Erasmus. B.M. (June 2.) 

— Marcellus. M. (Sep. 4.) 

— Sabinus. (Dec. 30.) 

— Castorius. M. (July 7.) 

— Auxentius. B. (Dec. 18.) 



— Gregory. Pope. (Nov. 28.) 

— Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.) 

— Sabina. W. (Jan. 30.) 

— John. H. (Mar. 19.) 



— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Margaret. V. (Jan. 28.) 

— Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

Bl. Bridget of Holland, (n.d.) 
St. Catherine. V. (Apr. 30.) 



218 



Saints and their Emblems 



Stilling a Tempest 

by prayer 

j> • . ■ 

at sea .... 

Stocks 

hands in them, nails in his shoulders 
releasing prisoners from stocks 

Stole 

in his hand 

around a dragon's neck 



Stone 

on his head 

and club in his hand 

cutting it, with a scythe 

large stone in his arms 

in her hand 

in his hand 

ti • • 

in his hand, an eye on each face of it 
near him 

saint as a nun, carrjring it 
on his shoulder 
pressing it, to his breast 
red-hot, in his hand 
tied round his neck, in a river 
sitting on it . 
and sword in his hand . 
tied to neck 



Stones 

at his feet .... 

on a book, in his hand 

(as a child) with three stones in his hand 

devil throwing them on him 

five, on a book 

tied to his feet 

in his chasuble 

in his hand 

in her lap 

in his lap, between two boys with stones 

on his head and shoulders 

and sword .... 

crushed between two stones 

Stoned 

by executioners 



by a devil 



and dragged by her feet 
at a stake 

Stool 

seated on a red-hot stool 

Stoup 

(of Holy Water) and palmfm her hands 

Strangled 



with a cloth 



St 



Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.) 
Albert of Siena. H. (n.d.) 
Philibert. Ab. (Aug. 22.) 



Quintin. M. 
Leonard. H. 



(Oct. 31.) 
(Nov. 6.) 



— Paul. B.M. (June 7.) 

— Romanus. Abp. (Oct. 23.) 

— Marcellus. B. (Nov. i.) 

— Armagill. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Timothy. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— Albert. C. (n.d.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 

— Theodosia. V.M. (Apr. 2.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 22.) 

— Zeno. M. (n.d.) 
Zacharias. Pt. 

St. Jerome. Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.) 

— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Barnabas. Ap. M. (June 16.) 

— Comgall. Ab. (May 10.) 

— Florian. M. (May 4.) 

— Fiacre. H. (Aug. 30.) 

— Pancras. M. (May 12.) 

— Callixtus. P.M. (Oct. 14.) 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Symphrosa. M. (July 18.) 





— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 




— Liborius. B. (July 23.) 




. — Joseph. B.C. (July 20.) 




— Romanus. H. (n.d.) 




— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 




— Severian. M. (Sep. 9.) 




— Alphege. B.M. (Apr. ig.),^ 




— Barnabas. Ap. M. (Jime 16.) 




— Emerentiana. V.M. (Jan. 23.) 




— Vitahs. M. (Apr. 28.) 




— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 




— Beztert. B.M. (n.d.) 




— Artemus. M. (Oct. 26.) 



— Vitalis. M. (Apr. 28.) 

— Stephen. D.M. (Dec. 26.) 

— Barnabas. Ap. M. (June 16.) 

— Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Eusebius. B.M. (June 21.) 

— Romanus. H. (n.d.) 

— Regnier. H. (July 17.) 

— Maximus P.M. (Nov. 19.) 

— Onesimus. M. (Feb. 16.) 

— Timothy. B.M. (Jan. 24.) 

— Cointha. V.M. (Feb. 8.) 

— Policromius. B.M. (Feb. 17.) 

— Attains. M. (June 2.) 

— Ubaldesca. V. (n.d.) 

— Cunera. V.M. (June 12.) 

— Desiderius. B.M. (May 23.) 

— Mark. M. (Apr. 25.) 

— Paul. B.M. (June 7.) 

— Satuminus. B.M. (Nov. 29.) 

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 



219 



Saints and their Emblems 



Strangled — continued 
in prison 
with a rope 

and stabbed with a bodkin 
by two women, with a napkin 
with her veil . 

Striking water 

from a rock 



Sun 

on their breasts 

a • • 

in his hand 

with I H S, in his hand 

overhead, crescent moon underfoot 

radiant above, saint spreading his cloak 

Sunbeam 

above him 

his gloves on a simbeam 

1] • 

hanging his axe on a sunbeam 
hanging her gloves on a sunbeam 
hanging his gloves on a sunbeam 

hanging her mantle on a sunbeam 

hanging his mantle on a sunbeam 



mantle hung on a sunbeam 
Suppressing 

a fire, in a burning town 

a fire, with crosier 

a fire, by prayer 

an inundation, with his cross 

the flooded Rhone 

Surcoat 

red, an arrow in his hand 
red with white cross on it 

Swan 

near him 

,, • • . 

Swans 

at his side 
two, near him . 

Sweeping a Church . 

Sword 

across his breast 

across his breast, flames in his hand 

across his head, another in his breast 

and alms bag . 

angel giving 

armour, mitre and mantle 

and banner 

banner, and cross 

and book 

and book (open) 

on book 

and chalice 



St. Romanus. M, (Nov. i8.) 

— Beatrix. M. (July 29.) 

— Simon. Ch. M. (May 24.) 

— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Ludmilla. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 



— Aphraates. H. (Apr. 7.) 
Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 



— Corentin. 

— Paternus. 

— Gummar. 

— Ladislas. 

— Amatus. 



B. (Dec. 12.) 
B.C. (Apr. 15.) 

C. (Oct. II.) 
K. (June 27.) 
Ab. (Sep. 13.) 



21.) 



Archangels. 

St. Nicholas. C. (Sep. 10.) 

— Thomas. Dr.C. (Mar. 7.) 

— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.) 

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.) 
B.V. Mary. (Mar. 25.) 

St. Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 

— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Robert. Ab. C. (Apr. 24.) 
Bl. Utho. H. (N.D.) 

St. Cunegundes. Emps. (Mar. 3.) 

— David. Ab. (July 15.) 

— Hildebert. B.C. (n.d.) 
Bl. Alruna. Abs. (n.d.) 

St. Bridget. V. Abs. (Feb. i.) 

— AmabiUs. P.C. (June 11.) 

— Amatus. Ab. (Sep. 13.) 

— Eudeo. B.C. (July 7.) 

— Leonorus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Lucanus. M. (Oct. 30.) 

— Florentius. B.C. (Nov. 7.) 

— Gothard. B.C. (May 4.) 

— Florian. M. (May 4.) 

— Martial. B.C. (June 30.) 

— Germanus. B.C. (May 28.) 

— Romanus. Abp. (Oct. 23.) 

— Clams. Ab. (Apr. 26.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Nicasius. M. (Oct. 11.) 



Hugh. B.C. 
Ludger. B. 



(Nov. 17.) 
(Mar. 26.) 



— Cuthbert. B. (Mar. 20.) 

— Themistocles. C. (July i.) 

— Tibuldus. C. (n.d.) 



■ Manuel. B. (June 17.) 

• Uriel. Archangel. 

■ Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

• Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

• Mercurius. M. (Nov. 25.) 
Henry of Bavaria, (n.d.) 

• Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

• Proculus. M. (n.d.) 
Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 
Lambert. B.M. (Sep. 17.) 
Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 
Ewald the Black. P.M. (Oct. 3.) 



220 



Saints and their Emblems 

Sword — continued 



and crosier 

cap, and fur-lined cloak 
as a child, holding i1| 

and church, in his hands 

cleaving his head 

and club, in his hands . 

>> >) • 

and crown, in her hands 
with crown of thorns on hilt 
and crosier, devil with bell at his feet 
and dragon, saint in armour 

»> >) 

executioner with sword, near her 
and flames, at her feet 
flaming sword in hand . 
on a funeral pile, holding sword 
and gridiron in hand . 

held by saint (as a player) 
holding it, by its point 
in her breast . 
in his breast 



in his breast, knife in his head 
in her hand 



in her hand, idol overthrown near her 
in her hand, lamb at her feet 
in her hand, piercing devil with it 
in her hand, trampling on Maximin 
in his hand 



in his hand, a beam near him . 

in his hand, saint in black habit 

in his hand, a child near him . 

in his hand, his right hand cut off 

in his hand, a well behind him 

in his hand, a well near him 

in their hands, supporting a crown between them 

in his head 

i> . • • 

and lance in his hands 

,, )» ■ ' 

leaning on a sword 
leaning on it, dolphin at his feet 
and millstone in his hands 
and mitre, at his feet 
naked, in her hand 
near him 

holding sword, one eye 
and palm 



and palm, saint carried 
palm, and crucifix 
pierced with a sword 



covered with his hand 



by angels to heaven 



piercing book in his hand 

as a priest, with sword 

and rosary in his hands 

and sceptre 

and sceptre, hooded hawk near him 

and scroll, in her hand 



St. Cj^rian. B.M. (Sep. i6.) 

— Januarius. B. (Sep. 19.) 

— Pelagius. M. (Aug. 28.) 

— Faith. V.M. (Aug. i.) 

— Spes. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Henry. Emp. (July 15.) 

— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 3.) 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— Magnus. B.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Febronica. V.M. (June 25.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Theodulus. M. (Jan. 14.) 

— Michael. Archangel. 

— Theodore. M. (Feb. 7.) 

— Valeria. V. (Apr. 28.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Jophiel. Angel. 

— Augusta. V.M. (Mar. 27.) 

— Cyprian. M. (Sep. 26.) 

— Faith. V.M. (Oct. 6.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Matthias. Ap. (Feb. 24.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Accursius. C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Angelus. P.M. (May 5.) 

— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 
Europa. Sibyl. 

St. Prisca. V.M. (Jan. 18.) 

— MeUtma. V.M. (Sep. 15.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Dymphna. V.M. (May 15.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.) 
Abraham 

St. Apollinaris. B.M. (July 23.) 

— Cornelius. Pope. M. (Sep. 14.) 

— Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Phocas. M. (July 3.) 

— Protasius. M. (June 19.) 

— Emihan. B.M. (Jan. 28.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 
EUjah. Pt. 

St. Pelagius. M. (June 26.) 

— Sigismund. K.H. (May i.) 

— Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 

SS. Amicus and AmeMus. MM. (n.d.) 
St. Theodard. B.M. (Sep. 10.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.) 

— Eulogius. P.M. (Mar. 11.) 

— Proculus. M. (n.d.) 

— Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Rudesind. B.C. (Mar. i.) 
Sibylla Er3rthrea. 

St. Abraham. B.M. (Feb. 4.) 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.) 

— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 

— Susanna. V.M. (Aug. 11.) 

— Chrysogonus. M. (Nov. 24.) 

— Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Fusca. V.M. (Feb. 13.) 

— Maura. V.M. (Feb. 13.) 

— Simon. M. (Oct. 28.) 

— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 5.) 

— Valentine. P.M. (Feb. 14.) 

— Ladislas. K. (June 27.) 

— Olaf. K.M. (July 29.) 

— Bavo. H. (Oct. I.) 
Sibylla Er3rthrea. 



221 



Saints and their Emblems 



S word — continued 

with seven heads on blade 

spear and dragon, princess behind him 

and stone, in his hand 

and stones, in his hands 

in her throat, lamb in her hand ! 

and tower, in her hand 

through her neck, on a flaming pile 

through his neck 

,, • • 

upright, in hand 
and vase in his hand . 
and wreath of roses, in her hand 
and windmill, in his hand 

Swords 

three children with swords 

three, at his feet 

two, in his hands 

two men with swords, one stabbing him 

and sceptres, standing in citadels 

Table 

with money on it 
with sceptre on it , 

serving poor at table . 

Tables of the Law 

and rod .... 

Tablet 

in her hand .... 
,, • • . • 

Tablets 

scholars beating him with their tablets 

throwing down tablets 

two, handed him by an angel from a cloud 

Taming a Wild Beast 
Taper 

chorister holding taper beside him 

and crosier, in his hands 

devil blowing it with bellows . 

dropping wax on her hand 

held by Christ, to his eyes 

hghted by an angel 

lighted, in his hand 



lighted, in his hand (in a procession) 
Tapers 

met by people carr5ring tapers . 

a wheel set with tapers in his hands 

Teaching 

the B.V. Mary to read 
teaching St. Evalasius 

Tears on his Cheeks 

Temple 

building, near him 

falling about her 

(of ApoUo) falhng before him . 

(of Jupiter) falling before him . 

pagan temple, in flames near him 

struck by lightning, near her . 

struck by lightning, near him . 

Tents 

making tents 

Texts. {Sm Mottoes) 



St. Felicitas. W.M. (July lo.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Pancras. M. (May 12.) 

— Beztert. B.M. (n.d.) 

— Agnes. V.M. (Jan. 21.) 

— Leocadia. V.M. (Dec. 9.) 

— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 13.) 

— Peter. B.M. (Dec. 6.) 

— Aquilinus. M. (n.d.) 
Angel of Justice. 

St. Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Faith and Comps. W. MM. (Aug. i.) 

— Albert. B.M. (Nov. 21.) 

— Paul. Ap. M. (June 30.) 

— Edward. K.M. (Mar. 18.) 
Archangels. 

St. Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

— Osyth. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Tarasius. Patr. (Feb. 25.) 

Moses. 

St. Serapia. V.M. (Sep. 3.) 

— Pulcheria. Emps. (Sep. 10.) 



Felix. B.M. (n.d.) 
Genesius. M. (Aug. 25.) 
Cyril. C. (n.d.) 

Columbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 



21.) 



— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
Ibid. 

St. Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— Rainold. Ab. (Jan. 7.) 

— Wivina. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Arcadius. M. (Jan. 12.) 

— Claudius. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Paul. B. (Feb. 8.) 

— Silvin. B.C. (Feb. 17.) 

— Zacharius. (Nov. 5.) 

— Mammertus. Abp. (May 11.) 

— Caesarius. B. (Aug. 27.) 

— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.) 

— Anne. Matr. (July 26.) 

— Fausta. M. (Sep.20.) 

— William. Abp. (Jan. 10.) 



Zacharias. Pt. 

St. Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Herculanus. B.M. (Mar. i.) 

— Julian. B.C. (Jan. 27.) 

— Artemius. M. (Oct. 20.) 

— Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Stephen. Pope. M. (Aug. 2.) 

SS. Aquila and Priscilla. MM. (July 8.) 



222 



Saints and their Emblems 



Thistle 

in her hand 
in his hand 

Thorn 

in her foot 

in his foot . " \ 

extracting it, from a lion's paw 
extracting it, from a bear's paw 

Thorns 

bunch, in his hand 

in his hand 

rolling in thorns . ] 

walking, with a bishop, over thorns 

Thread 

wound twice round his thumb 
winding off skeins of thread . \ 

Thrown 

into a river, millstone tied to him 

from a bridge, millstones roimd their necks 

from a cliff, into the sea 
into a river 



into the sea 

from a ship, anchor around his neck 

from a tower . 

into water, stones tied to her neck 

from a window 

down steps, by a judge 

Thumbs 

hanging by his thumbs, weights at feet 

Thurible 

in his hand ...... 

clothed in feathers, holding thuribles . . \ 

in his hand, standing on a gridiron 

near her ...... 

Tiara 

wearing a tiara, an angel near him delivering a soul from 

purgatory 
with a dove at his side 
and friar's habit 
and mitre, before him . 
with two woolcombs in his hand 
and red robe . 
single tiara 
and triple cross, anchor at his feet 

Tile 

in his hand ..... 
thrown by woman at a window, striking his head 

Tomb 

devU issuing from open tomb, saint standing over it 

filling it witii provisions for the poor . 

fixing crosier in St. Edmund's tomb, devil with hook 

near him .... 
flaming torch on his tomb 
fountain springing from his tomb 
globe of fire over his tomb 
his tomb, with cripples and crutches near it 
lying in an open tomb 

,, , . . _ 

Ijnng in open tomb, sick praying around it 
of St, Peter, saint pra3dng at it 
pilgrims pra3ang around his tomb 
reposing m her tomb . 
with serpent (marked with the arms of France) 

beneath it ...... 

223 



St. CaroUne. 
— Narcissus. 



V. 
B. 



(N.D.) 

(Oct. 29.) 



— Zenaida. R. (Oct. 11.) 

— Gerlach. H. (Jan. 5.) 

— Jerom. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Aventine. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (May 8.) 

— Benedict. Ab. (Mar. 21.) 

— Omer. B.C. (Sep. 9.) 

— Dominic. C. (Aug. 4.) 

Seth. 

St. Palaemon. H.C. (Jan. 11.) 

— Quirinus. B.M. (Jan. 4.) 
SS. Crispin and Crispinian. MM. 

o ^5.) 

St. Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Calepodius. M. (May 10.) 

— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 

— Vitalis. M. (Nov. 4.) 

— Eugenius. B.M. (Mar. 4.) 

— Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 

— Maximian. B.M. (Oct. 3.) 

— S3miphorosa. M. (July 18.) 

— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.) 

— Cyr. Ch. M. (June 16.) 

— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.) 



B.C. (Apr. 23.) 



(Oct. 



23-) 



— Gerard 
Seraphim. 
St. Lawrence. D. 

— Lutgardis. V. 



(Aug. 10.) 
(June 16.) 



■ Matthew. Ap. M. (Sep. 21.) 

■ Fabian. Pope. M. (Jan. 20.) 
• Peter. Pope. C. (May. 19.) 

■ Philip. Ap. M. (Aug. 23.) 
Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
Callixtus. Pope. M. (Oct. 14.) 
Pelagius. Pope, (n.d.) 
Clement. Pope. M. (Nov. 23.) 



— Eusebius. 
Ibid. 



B. (June 21.) 



St. Eucherius. B. (Dec. 8.) 

— Ida. W. (Sep. 4.) 

— Wulstan. B.C. (Jan. 19.) 

— William. Ab. C. (Apr. 6.) 

— Adalbert. CD. (June 25.) 

— Adalbert. Abp. M. (Apr. 

— Bardo. Abp. (June 10.) 

— Deocharus. Ab. (n.d.) 

— Servatius. B. (May 13.) 

— Agnes. V. Abs. (Apr. 20.) 

— Leo. Pope. (Apr. 11.) 

— Henry. H. (Jan. 16.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Eucherius. B.C. (Feb. 20.) 



23-) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Tongs 

and hook, in her hand 
pair of tongs, in her hand 



Tongue 

his tongue cut out 



in his hand 

in pincers, in his hand 

pointing with a sword to his tongue 

his tongue thrown to dogs 

his tongue thrown to a hawk . 

his tongue torn out 

Tools 

gardener's, in his hands 
locksmith's, near him 



mason's, in his hands 
painter's near him 

shoemaker's, near him 

goldsmith's, near him 
shoemaker's, near them 



and turner's lathe, near him . 
weaver's implements, near him 

Tooth 

in her hand 

in pincers, in her hand 

Torch 

and axe in his hands 
and bell in his hands 
burnt with a torch 
flaming, in her hand 

a 

flaming, in his hand 

flaming, on his grave 
in her hand 
in his hand 

in his hand, firing a temple with it 
in his hand, a horse near him . 
and monstrance, in her hand . 
and palm 
and rosary 
and sceptre 
and sword 

Torches 

applied to her (saint in a cauldron) 
apphed to her sides 
applied to his sides 
hanging, and burnt by torches 
*■ 
and serpents, in their hands 



Torn 

asunder, between two trees 
between two palm-trees 
with iron hooks 



with iron hooks (at a stake) 
his tongue torn out 
with woolcombs 



St. Fehcian. 


B.M. (Jan. 24.) 


— Charitina 


V.M. (Oct. 5.) 


— Christina. 


V.M. (July 24.) 


— Martina. 


V.M. (Jan. I.) 


— Eusebius. 


M. (Aug. 14.) 


— Leodegar. 


B.M. (Oct. 2.) 


— Romanus. 


M. (Aug. 9.) 


— Leodegar. 


B.M. (Oct. 2.) 


— Livinus. 


B.M. (Nov. 12.) 


— Placidus. 


M. (Oct. 5.) 


— Livinus. 


B.M. (Nov. 12.) 


— Quirinus. 


M. (Mar. 30.) 


— Galaction. 


M. (Nov. 5.) 



ss, 



St. 



Copres. H. (July 9.) 
Apelles. H. (n.d.) 
Gulmier. D.C. (Feb. 27.) 
Maurinus. D.C. (Sep. 4.) 
Luke. Evan. (Oct. 18.) 
Herman. (Apr. 7.) 
Euseus. H. (n.d.) 
Theobald. C. (July i.) 
Ehgius. B. (Dec. i.) 

Aquila and Prisca. MM. 

Crispin and Crispinian. 

(Oct. 25.) 
Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.) 



(July 8.) 
MM. 



— Severus. B.C: (Feb. i.) 



— ApoUonia. 
Ibid. 



V.M. (Feb. 9.) 



St. Chrysanthus. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Dorothy. V.M. (Feb. 6.) 
Sibylla Libyca. 

St. Mary 

— Aidan. B.C. (Aug. 31.) 

— Irenaeus. B.M. 

— WilUam. Ab. C. (Apr. 6.) 

— Eutropia. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Serapion. M. (June 27.) 

— Theodore. M. (Nov. 9.) 
B. (June 8.) 



V.M. (Dec. 4.) 



— Medard. 

— Barbara. 
Ibid. 
St. Tosso. B.C. (Jan. 16.) 

— Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Theodotus. M. (May 18.) 

— Regina. V.M. (Sep. i.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Dioscorus. M. (Feb. 15.) 

— Tryphon and Companions. 

(July 3.) 

ss. Anatolia and Audax. 

(July 9-) 



MM. 
MM. 



224 



— Corona. M. (May 14.) 

— Stephanida. M. (n.d.) 

ss. CosmasandDamian. MM. (Sep. 17.) 
St. Martina. V.M. (Jan. i.) 

— Digna. V.M. (June 14.) 

— Emerita. V.M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Audifax. M. (Jan. 19.) 

— Galaction. M. (Nov. 5.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 



Saints and their 

Tossed by a Bull 

Towel ' ' ' * 

about her throat 



Tower 

and chalice 

witii chaUce and Host, in door or window 
in his hand 

holding towers in their hands 

and palm, in her hand, her head wreathed with roses 

and peacock's feather . vvimiu&eb 

ruined tower near him 

standing before a tower 

and sword, in her hands 

thrown from a high tower 

burning, at her side . 

Town. {See City) 
Trampling 



on a crow 
on a devil 

on a devil, spear and shield in his hand 
on a dragon 

on her father . 

on figure of Charlemagne, sieve in her hand 
on fire 



on a heathen king 
on heretics 

on heretics, church in his hand 

on a Uon 

on Maximin 

on Maximus 

on a pagan 

on pagan altar, before an Emperor 

on a pagan, arrow in her hand 

on a pagan, young noble at his side 

on a Saracen . 

a ■ ■ ■ 

on a scimitar . 

on a serpent, with apple in its mouth 

on serpents 

on a turban 

on a woman 

Treasure 

devil showing him buried treasure 
finding buried treasure 

near him 

Tree 

blossoming, his relics passing it 



bound to it by his bowels, and scourged 

bound to a cross-shaped tree . 

bound to it, in flames . 

bound to it, and flayed aUve . 

bound to it (man with iron hooks near him) 

bound to a pahn-tree . 

bound to it, pierced with arrows 

bound to a tree 



Emblems 

St. Blandina. V.M. (June 2.) 



— Adelheid. V. (Feb. 5.) 

— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Ludmilla. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Godelieva. V.M. (July 6.) 



— Barbara. V.M. 
Ibid. 

St. Ambrose. Dr. 

Thrones. 

St. Barbara. V.M. 

Ibid. 

St. Wilfrid. Abp. 

— Praxedes. 

— Leocadia. V.M. 

— Maximian. B.C. 

— Christina. V.M. 



(Dec. 4.) 

(Apr. 4.) 

(Dec. 4.) 

(Oct. 12.) 

(Dec. 9.) 
(Oct. 3.) 
(July 24.) 



2P 



225 



— Expeditus. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.) 

— Theodore. B.C. (Sep. 19.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19 ) 

— Brioch. B.C. (May i.) 

— EUzabeth. V. Abs. (June 18.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Amalberga. V. (July 10.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Boniface. Abp. M. (Tuneio) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Tibertius. M. (Aug. 11.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28 ) 

— Oswald. K.M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Athanasius. B.C. (May 2.) 

— Optatus. B.C. (June 4.) 

— Fulgentius. B.C. (Jan. i.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Germanus. B. (July 31.) 

— Polycarp. B.M. (Jan. 26.) 

— Alexander. (Aug. 26.) 

— Christina. V.M. (July 24.) 

— Mansuetus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 

— Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Pancras. M. (May 12.) 

— Clara. Abs. (Aug. 12.) 

— Francis. C. (Oct. 4.) 

— Didjrmus. M. (n.d.) 

— Raymond. C. (Feb. i.) 

— Kenehn. K. (Dec. 13.) 

— Mutius. H. (n.d.) 

— Gumtramnus. K.C. 

— Lupus. Abp. (Sep. i.) 

— Acadus. B.C. (Apr. 9.) 

— Firminus. B.C. (Sep. 26.) 

— Zenobius. B.C. (May 25.) 

— Amphibalus. (n.d.) 

— Dionysius. B.M. 

— Afra. M. (Aug. 5.) 

— Crispin. M. (Oct. 25.) 

— Vincent. D.M. (Jan. 22.) 

— Paphnutius. M. (Sep. 24.) 

— Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Januarius. B.M. (Sep. 19.) 

— Hippolytus. M. (Aug. 13.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Tree — continued 

(cypress-tree) hanging by her hair, her feet nailed to it 

felled, lying near him, hatchet in his hand 

felling a tree 

his hands in cleft of a tree 

hanging from a tree 

hanging by her hair, over smoke 

hanging by his hands to a fig-tree 

in a hollow tree, covered with thorns 

in a hollow tree, a man bringing him a loaf 

(of Jesse) in her hand . 

living in a hoUow tree . 



man before him feeling a tree . 

near him 

ordering men to cut down a tree 

over her, saint asleep . 

praying beneath a tree 

replanting a felled tree 

saint as a bishop, felling an oak-tree 

seated before a fig-tree 

smaU tree in his hand . 

tree-stock, near him 

a tree struck by lightning, behind him 

watering a small tree . 

writing her name on it 

Trees 

being felled, near him . 
bound to four trees 
driving caterpillars from trees . 
torn between two trees . 

torn between two cedars 
torn between two palms 

Trident 

in his hand ..... 

Trowel 

in his hand, a church building near him 

in one hand, hly and passion-flower in the other 

in his hand ..... 

Trumpet 

winged trumpet in his hand 

sounding in his ear .... 

Tub 

of salt, in his hand .... 
with three children in it, at his feet 
tormented in a tub with holes in it . 

Unicorn 

at her feet ..... 

Vane 

in his hand ..... 

Vase 

and book ..... 

earthen vase in his hand 

in his hand ..... 

ii • • • • • 

of ointment, in her hand 
and sword ..... 

supporting a vase, Tobias with fish near him . 
large vase, or urn, near him 

Vases 

and darts, in their hands 

Veil 

angel bringing her a veil 
wearing black veil with gold fringe 
bridal veil and ring ; wheel at her side 
veil and crown of thorns, in her hand . 

226 



— Gummar. 

— Boniface. 

— Mark. M 

— Salvator. 



St. Theodula. M. (n.d.) 

— Amator. B.C. (May i.) 

— Procopius. Ab. (July 4.) 

— Victorinus. H.C. (n.d.) 

— Angelus,. M. (May 5.) 

— Zoe. M. (Julys-) 

— Sabas. M. (Apr. 12.) 

— Zuirard. H. (n.d.) 

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.) 
Sibylla Erythrea. 

St. Bavo. H. (Oct. i.) 

— Gerlach. H. (Jan. 3.) 

— Vulmar. Ab. (July 20.) 

— Willibald. B. (July 7.) 

— Eutropius. B.M. (Mar. 5.) 

— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.) 

— Etheldreda. Q. Abs. (Oct 17.) 

— Bonosus. H. (Aug. 21.) 
C. (Oct. II.) 
Abp. M. (June 5.) 

(Apr. 25.) 
C. (N.D.) 

— Simon. P.C. (May 16.) 

— Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 

— Friardus. H. (Aug. i.) 

— Sophronia. R. (n.d.) 

— Sturmi. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Corona. M. (May 14.) 

— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.) 

— Corona. M. (May 14.) 

— Marcellus. M. (Oct. 30.) 

— Strato. M. (Sep 9.) 

— Stephanida. M. (n.d.) 

— Mammas. M. (Aug. 17.) 

— Winebald. Ab. C. (Dec. 18.) 

— William. Ab. (June 25.) 

— Fiacre. C- (Aug. 30.) 

— Vincent. C. (Apr. 5.) 

— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Rupert. B.C. (Mar. 27.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Nicephorus. M. (Feb. 9.) 

— Justina. V.M. (Oct. 7.) 

— Leonard. H. (Nov. 6.) 

— Mary. Pen. (July 22.) 

— Goar. C. (July 6.) 

— John. Mk. (May 6.) 

— Mathurin. C. (Nov. i.) 

— Salome. Matr. (Oct. 22.) 

— Pantaleon. M. (July 27.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— Nicodemus. (Aug. 3.) 

SS. Cosmas and Damian. MM. (Sep. 27.) 

St. Menna. V.R. (Oct. 3.) 

— Paula. W. (Jan. 26.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 
Sibylla Deljdiica. 



Saints and their Emblems 



Veil — continued 

dove giving her''a nun's veil 

pld-fringed veil, lily^in her hand 

in her hand . ~ . 

marked with the face of Christ in her hands 

SS. Peter and Paul on either side of her 

strangled with a veil 

(of St. Veronica) contemplating it 

white veil given to her by B.V. Mary 

Veiled .... 

church and staff, crown at her feet 

Vessel 

covered vessel, in his left hand 
of wine in his hand 
of gold, at her feet 
of wine, on a book 

Vessels 

carrying sacred vessels 

earthen vessels, broken, near them 

a messenger bringing him a chalice and paten 

(sacred vessels) giving them to starving poor 



Vestments 

episcopal, brought to him by B.V. Mary 
»> >t ' 

It It 

putting off episcopal vestments| 
angel bringing him vestments . 

Vial 

in her hand .... 
of oil, at his girdle . |. 

crowned, holding vials and palms 

Viaticum 

receiving the Holy Viaticmn 
receiving it, from angels 

Vine 

beside him .... 
growing on his grave . 
in leaf (in winter) 

Violin 

in her hand .... 
playing it, on a stage . 



Viper 

underfoot, axe in his hand 

Vision. {See Appearing) 
Visiting the Sick 



VTagon 

healing a man run over by wagon 

in his hands 

of wine, near him 

preaching from a wagon 

drawing it towards a monastery 

driving it through a ford 

Walking on 

fire . • 

fire, pig on either side 
hot coals 

t> ' 

the sea 
the sea, in armour 



St. Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.) 

— Eustochium. V.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Ludmilla. W.M. (Sep. 16.) 
Matr. 



— Veronica. 
Ibid. 

St. Ludmilla 

— Remigius 



(Feb. 4-) 



W.M. 
Abp. 



(Sep. 16.) 
(Oct. I.) 
Mary of Pazzi." V. (May 25.) 

— Theodora. V. (Apr. 28.) 

— Werburga. V. Abs. (Feb. 3-) 

-^ Mathurinus. P.C. (Nov. 9.) 

— Hermeland. Ab. (Nov. 25.) ; 

— Senorina. V. Abs. (n.d.) 

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.) 

— Acacius. B.C. (Apr. 9.) 

SS. Justa and Rufina. MM. (July 19.) 
St. Mark. Pope. C. (Oct. 7.) 

— Ansbert. B.C. 

— Gallus. Ab. C. (Oct. 16.) 

— Laurence. Patr. (Sep. 5.) 

— Rembert. Abp. C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 

— Ildefonsus. B.M. (Jan. 23.) 

— NorbeTt. Abp. (June 6.) 

— Claudius. B.C. (June 6.) 

— Gallus. B.C. (July i.) 

— Walburgis. V. Abs. (Feb. 25.) 

— Macarius. (Jan. l2.\ 
Principalities. 

St. Petronilla. V. (May 31 .) 

— Mechtildes. V. Abs. (Apr. io.;J5 

— Urban. B. (Jan. 23.) 

— Davinus. C. (Jime 3.) 
— lElpidius. Ab. (Sep. 2.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Genesius. M. (Aug. 26.) 

— Barbatus. B.C. (Feb. 19.) 



— Crescentius. C. (Apr. 19.) 

— Leo. P.C. (Apr. 19.) 

— ' Margaret. Q. (June 10.) 

— Radegund. V. (Aug. 13.) 

— Sulpicius. Abp. (Jan. 17.) 



— Bavo. H. 
Ibid. 

St. Lupus. 

— Francis 

— Marina. 

— Lubin. 



(Oct.ii.) 



Abp. (Sep. I.) 
C. (Oct. 4.) 
V. (June 18.) 
B. (Mar. 14.) 



— Boniface. Abp. M. (June 19.) 

— Antony. Ab. C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Salvator. C. (n.d.) 

— Tibertius. M. (Aug. 11.) 
BLJohnAgni. O.P. (n.d.) 

SS. Nazarius and Celsus. MM. (July 28.) 



227 



Saints and their Emblems 



Walking on — continued 

the sea, carrying the Blessed Sacrament 
the sea, on his cloak 



the sea (a youth) 

water, angel leading her 

water, lay brother with him 

a river, dry shod 

a river, with pilgrim's staff 

Wallet . 

cross, and cap . 

in his hand 

in his hand, beggars near him 

and scroll 

over his shoulder 



with a head in it 

Wand 

in his hand 

Warrior . 

as a warrior 



m armour 

in armour, with shield 

St. Michael giving him a white 

with fleece spread before him 

with large cross 



standard with red cross 



with his two sons 
with sword, near her . 

Washing the feet 

of a leper 

of Our Saviour (who is as a pilgrim) 

of the poor 



Watering Flowers 
Weaver's Loom 



Weight 

near her 

tied to his feet 

tied to his feet, saint hanging by thumbs 

tied to her feet 

Well 

near him . _ . 

drawing water from it . 
freeing a well from a dragon 
of Nanterre, at her side 
in a well, men stoning him 
near her, scythe in her hand 
near him, in armour with crosier 



St. Birinus. B.C. (Dec. 3.) 

— Fintan. Ab. (Feb. 17.) 

— Francis. C. (Apr. 2.) 

— Hyacinth. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— Celsus. M. (July 28.) 

— Aldegund. V. Abs. (Jan. 30.) 

— Peter. C. (Oct. 19.) 

— Arbogastus. B. (July 21.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— Roch. C. (Aug. 16.) 

— James. Ap. (July 25.) 

— Bridget. W. (Oct. 8.) 

— John. Patr. (Jan. 23.) 

— Thomas. Abp. C. (Sep. 18.) 

— Jerome. C.Dr. (Sep. 30.) 

— Felix. CM. (May 21.) 

— Macarius. H. (Jan. 2.) 

— Raphael. Archangel. 

— John. C. (Mar. 8.) 

Jeremiah. Pt. 

St. Zaphkiel. Angel. 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Alban. M. (June 22.) 

— Benignus. M. (Apr. 3.) 

— George. M. (Apr. 23.) 

— Germanicus. M. (Jan. 19.) 

SS. John and Paul. MM. (June 26.) 
St. Leopold. C. (Nov. 15.) 

— Maurice. M. (Sep. 22.) 

— Nazarius. M. (July 28.) 
SS.Nabor and Felix. MM. (July 12.) 
St. Quirinus. M. (Mar. 30.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— WiUiam. H. (Mar. 28.) 

— Wenceslas. K.M. (Sep. 28.) 

— Conyn. C. (n.d.) 

— Ephesus. M. (Jan. 15.) 
Gideon. 

St. Acacius. B.C. (May 8.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Eustachius. M. (Sep. 20.) 

— Euphrasia. V.M. (May 13.) 

— Thomas. Abp. M. (Dec. 29.) 
- Augustine. B.C. (Aug. 28.) 

— Edith. V. (Sep. 16.) 

— Gallicanus. M. (June 25.) 

— Hedwig. W. Due. (Oct. 17.) 

— Louis. K.C. (Aug. 25.) 

— Louis. B. (Aug. 19.) 

— Silvanus. M. (Oct. 16.) 

— Athanasia. W. Abs. (Aug. 14.) 

— Gudula. V. (Jan. 8.) 

— Severus. B.C. (Feb. i.) 

— Nothburga. V. (Sep. 14.) 

— Severian. M. (Sep. 9.) 

— Marian. M. (Apr. 30.) 

— Flavia. V.M. (Oct. 5.) 



Sigismund. K.H. (May i, 
Cyriacus. H. (Sep. 29.) 
Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 
Genevieve. V. (Jan. 3.) 

• Vitalis. M. (Apr. 28.) 

■ Sidwell. V.M. (Aug. 2.) 

• Donatus. B.M. (Aug. 7.) 



228 



Saints and their Emblems 



Well — continued 

near him, sword in his hand 
pra3^ng at it 
thrown into a well 



thrown into it, by a devil 

Whale 

angel assisting him from whale 

Wheat 

multipUed by him .... 

Wheel 

broken, at his feet .... 

broken, at her feet .... 

broken, saint crowned with white flowers 

double spiked, two men under it, angel hammering it 

at her feet, another springing from a cross behind 

held by Maximin, saint trampling on him 

in her hand, bunch of three flowers above it 

with hooks, or blades, on the rim 

kneeUng on a wheel 

near her 

set with tapers 

standing on wheel, clothed in feathers 



standing on winged wheel 

and sword in her hands 

sword point entering it 

tied to it, her breasts cut off 

red shield charged with a white wheel 

blue shield, witii a white spiked wheel 

red shield, with golden spiked wheel 

Wheels 

two, supported by post, near her 

Whip. {See Scourge) 
Whipping Post 

in her hand 

Whirlbat 

in his hand 

>> ... 

Wimbles 

in his eyes 



Windlass 

his bowels wound round it 

at his feet . . • • 

in his hand . • • • 

Windmill 

and banner, charged with cross 
as a child, holding windmill 
and sword, in his hands 

Window 

escaping from a window 

falling from it . 

giving alms through it • • 

at a prison window, houses washed away 

thrown from it • • • 

Wolf 

beside him 



and lamb, on either side 
bringing a ram's skin to him 
bringing a strayed sheep to him 

229 



St. Genulph. B.C. (Jan. 17.) 

— Sitha. V. (Apr. 27.) 

— Callixtus. Pope M. (Oct. 14.) 

— Gereon. M. (Oct. 10.) 

— Sebastian. M. (Jan. 20.) 

— Euphrasia. V. (Mar. 13.) 



Jonas. Pt. 

St. Theodosius. H. (Jan. 11.) 

— Quintin. M. (Oct. 31.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 
lUi. 

Ibid. 
Ibid. 
Ibid. 
Ibid. 
Ibid. 
Ibid. 
St. Euphemia. V.M. (Sep. 16.) 

— Donatian. B. (Oct. 14.) 
Cherubim. 

Seraphim. 

Virtues. 

Guardian Angel. 

St. Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

Ibid. 

St. Encratia. V.M. (Apr. 16.) 

— WiUigis. B.C. (n.d.) 

— Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 

— Martin. B.C. (Nov. 11.) 



Catherine. V.M. (Nov. 25.) 



Sibylla Tiburtina. 



St. FideUs. 
— Vitalis. 



M. (Apr. 24.) 
M. (Apr. 28.) 



Acheolus. M. (May i.) 
Solomon. K.M. (June 25.) 



— Claudius. 

— Erasmus. 
Ibid. 



Abp. 
B.M. 



(June 6.) 
(June 2.) 



St. Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— James. Ap. (May i.) 

— Victor. M. (July 21.) 

— Bernard. C. (June 15.) 

— Pelagia. Pen. (Oct. 8.) 

— Nicholas. Abp. C. (Dec. 6.) 

— Verena. V. (Sep. i.) 

— Serapion. M. (Nov. 14.) 

— Ailbe. Abp. (Sep. 12.) 

— Remaclus. B.C. (Sep. 3.) 

— Vitus. Ch. M. (June 15.) 

— WilUam. Ab. (June 25.) 

— Andrew. B.C. (Feb. 4.) 

— Mark. H. (Mar. 29.) 

— Bernard. C. (Mar. 12.) 



Saints and their Emblems 



Wolf — continued 

carrying off a pig, near him 
caught in thicket near him _ . 
with goose in its mouth, at his feet 
guarding his body 
leading him (saint blind) 
leading him into a town 
with panniers of stones at his side 
at his tomb, with a child in its mouth 
restoring a man killed by a wolf 

Wolves 

driving away wolves from a hind 
guarding his body 
kneeUng among them . 
two, beside her 

Woman 

accusing him, saint holding a spade 
woman with bearded face 



carrying a young blind woman 
dressed as a monk 



holding his hands and feet (to be chopped off) 

near him, saint drawing coins from water with crosier 

restoring a possessed woman . 

tempting him ..... 

Women 

two, strangling her with a napkin 

Wood 

canying logs, on his shoulder . . . . 

Woolcomb 

in his hand ...... 

two, and book, in his hands . . . . 

Wound 

in her forehead . . . . . 

in her neck ...... 

in his side ...... 

Wounds. {See also Scars) 

across his head ..... 

dressing a poor man's wounds .... 
razor wounds on his head .... 
three, in her neck ..... 

Wreath 

of flowers on her head, crown and palm in hand 

of flowers and pahn, in her hands 

in her hand ..... 

on her head, surmounted by a church . 
of leaves, on her head, pahn in hand . 
of roses, with bough of almond leaves and flowers in her 
hand ...... 

of roses, presented to her by B.V. Mary 

of roses, and sword in her hand . . 

Writing 

" Credo " in his blood, on the ground . 

her name, on the entrance to a cave 

her name, on a tree 

music, in a book 

religious poems 

in a scroll, dove over her head 



St. Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 

— Vedast. B. (Feb. 6.) 
lUd. 

St. Edmund. K.M. (Nov. 20.) 

— Herve. H. (June 17.) 

— Arnulf. B.C. (Aug. 15.) 

— William. Ab. (June 25.) 

— Simpertus. B.C. (Oct. 13.) 

— Poppo. Ab. (Jan. 25.) 

— Launomar. Ab. (Jan. 19.) 

— Carpophorus. M. (Aug. 27.) 

— Coliunbanus. Ab. C. (Nov. 21.) 

— Radegund. V. (Aug. 13.) 

— Fiacre. H.C. (Aug. 30.) 

— Galla. W. (Oct. 5.) 
-^ Paula. V. (Feb. 20.) 

— Wilgefortis. V.M. (June 20.) 

— Eustasius. Ab. (Mar. 29.) 

— Euphrosyne. V. (Jan. i.) 

— Marina. V. (June 18.) 

— Theodora. Pen. (Sep. 11.) 

— Adrian. M. (Sep. 8.) 

— Rodingus. Ab. (Sep. 17.) 

— Philip. C. (Aug. 23.) 

— Deo(ktus. B.C. (June 19.) 

— Martinianus. H. (Feb. 13.) 

— Alkelda. V.M. (n.d.) 

— Polycroome. H. (n.d.) 

— Blaise. B.M. (Feb. 3.) 
lUd. 



St. Rita. W. (N.D.) 
— Lucy. V.M. (Dec. 
Bl. James. C. (n.d.) 



13.) 



St. Peter. M. 

— Catherine. V. (Mar. 22.) 

— Epimachus. M. (Dec. 12.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Dorothy. M. (Feb. 6.) 
Sibylla libyca 

St. Barbara. V.M. (Dec. 4.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

Ihid. 

St. Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Cecilia. V.M. (Nov. 22.) 

— Peter. O.P. (Apr. 29.) 

— Rosalia. V. (Sep. 4.) 

— Sophronia. R. (n.d.) 

— Ceadmon. Mk. (Feb 11.) 

— ApolUnaris. B.C. (Aug. 23.) 

— Bridget of Sweden. (Oct. 8.) 



280 



Pr.ATR IX. 



^Ib 



■<^ir4le_ 




'^^^'^^ 



OSTIARirS. 



CViaikjble 







U^h^kJ 



LECTOR. 



Or'phvtV of 




W 



f 3>m,ce 



.rphr«,y4 of 



■ar^l of. alb 



apparel, of. 



Jipparel oj- 



(^aVma^■lc . 



appa 



iib 




'n^nipl^ 



-stole 



SUB DEACON VESTED. 



DEACON VESTliD. 



IMedisval Ecclesiastical Vestments. 



PLATE X. 




asuble 



alb 

~ manip\$ 



-apparel. 




ciiasubl^ - 



apfnrrl o^- 



PRIEST VESTED. 



ABBOT. 



Chasuble - 







iyf. 



dlb 




-AppareL of a^b 



w^ 



■ — -■iandaU 



BISHOP. 



ARCHBISHOP VESTED. 



.Mediseval Ecclesiastical Vestments. 



PI. ATE XL 







' Ch arable 




ST. ETHELDREDA. V. Abs. 



ST. WILLIGIS. B. 



chaiobV 




aianUe 




ST. DUNSTAN. Abp. 



ST. CLARA. V. Abs. 



Alediasval Ecclesiastical Vestments. 



Ill 



APPENDICES 

I. PATRIARCHS AND PROPHETS, WITH THEIR EMBLEMS 



Aaron 

Censer, rod and vestments. {Callot.) 

Abraham 

Firepan and knife. {Callot.) A sword. 
[Roodscreen, Wolborough.) 

Abdias, or Obadiah 

Pt. Carrjang a pitcher of water and loaves. 
(Ikon.) Scroll with the words, " Et erit regnum 
Dni Amen." {Window, Fairford.) 

Adam 

A spade. {Window, Antechapel, New Coll., 
Oxford.) As an old man. {Fra Angelica, 
Predella.) Receiving a wheat sheaf from Our 
Saviour. 

Amos 

Pt. Shepherd's crook. {Roodscreen, South- 
wold.) Shepherd with sheep about him. 
{Ikon.) Scroll with " Qui edificat in caslum 
ascensionem." {Window, Fairford.) 

Baruch 

Pt. Scrip and knotted staflE. {Roodscreen, 
Southwold.) 

Caleb. See Joshua 
Daniel 

Pt. A Uon, or in a lion's den. {Callot.) 
Ram with four horns. {Chris. Kunst.) Pray- 
ing between two lions. {Die Heiligenhild.) 
As a satrap. {Malliot.) With scroll : " Edu- 
cam vos de sepulchris vestris po-pule mens." 
{Window, Fairford.) 

David 

Pt. Harp. {Roodscreen, Southwold.) Shep- 
herd boy with sUng. {Die Heiligenhild.) 
Scroll with " Deus dixit enfUius meus es tu, 
ego hodie genui te." {Window, Fairford.) 

Ehjah, or Elias 

Pt. Scroll, red robe and red cap. {Roodscreen, 
Westhall.) Fiery chariot taking him to 
heaven. {Callot, etc.) Hairy man with 
leather girdle . {Malliot. ) Sword in his hand ; 
child near him. {Ikon.) 

Eliseus 

Two-headed eagle on his shoulder. 

Eve 



{Ikon.) 



A distaff. {Oxford. See Adam.) 



Ezechiel ,. , , 

Pt. Turreted gateway in his hand. 
Scroll with " Suscitabo te." '^' 
Kenton.) 



{Ikon.) 
{Roodscreen, 



Gideon 

Warrior, fleece spread out beside him. {Die 
Heiligenhild.) 

Hosea, or Osee 

Pt. ScroU with " mors, ero mors tua ; ero 
morsus tuus inferne." {Window, Fairford.) 

Hesekiah 

King, with crown and sceptre. {Combs Ch.) 

Haggai, or Aggeus 

Pt. Scroll with " Spiritus meus exit in 
mediovestrum. ' ' {Roodscreen, Kenton. ) 

Isaiah 

Sawed through the middle. {Callot.) Clothed 
in a sack. {Malliot.) A saw. {Screen, 
Southwold.) Bearing St. Matthew on his 
shoulders. {XIII. cent, window, Chartres 
Cath.) Scroll with " Ecce virgo concipiet 
pariet filium." {Window, Faii^ford.) 

Jeremiah 

Pt. Wand in his hand. {Chris. Kunst.) 
Scroll with " Patrem invocahitis qui fecit et 
condidit Ccelos." {Window, Fairford; Rood- 
screen, Chudleigh.) 

Job 

On a dunglull, his wife upbraiding him. 
{Callot.) 

Joel 

Pt. Lions near him. {Ikon.) Scroll with 
" In Voile Josaphat judicabit omnes gentes." 
{Window Fairford ; Roodscreen, Kenton.) 

Jonas, or Jonah 

Pt. Seated under a gourd. {Many instances.) 
Whale and ship near him. {Die Heiligenhild.) 
Issuing from a whale, assisted by an angel. 

Joseph 

Holding a purse. {Die Heiligenbild.) Escap- 
ing from Zuleika, who holds his mantle. 
{XVI. cent. Flemish glass medallion.) 

Joshua, or Josue 

With Caleb, carrying a large bunch of grapes 
on a pole between them. {Die Heiligenhild.) 

Malachy, or Malachias 

Pt. An angel near him. {Ikon.) Scroll 
with words : " Cum odia habueris, dimitte." 
{Window, Fairford.) 

Melchisedech 

As priest and king ; holding a cup. {Die 
Heiligenhild.) 



281 



Saints and their Emblems 



Michaiah, or Michaas 

Pt. As a prophet, ifild paintings of the 
Nativity.) With scroll : " Invocabuntur omnes 
eum et servientei." {Window, Fairford.) 
Crowned holding scroll, " Deponet dominus 
omnes iniquitates vestras," below him. [Rood- 
screen, Chudleigh.) 

Moses 

Holding the tables of the law. {Roodscreen, 
Westhall.) Holding a rod and the tables ; 
his face horned with light and radiant. 
{Ibid.; Aylsham.) Before the burning bush. 
{XV. cent, window, Gt. Malvern.) Striking 
the rock. {Chris. Kunst.) 

Noah, or Noe 

In the ark ; dove above him with olive 
branch. {Die Heiligenbild.) An oar. {Win- 
dow, New Coll., Oxford.) Holding an ark, 
a square opening in the roof. {Fra Angelica, 
Predella.) 



Samson 

Holding the jawbone of an ass. {Die Heili- 
genbild.) Kneehng before the jawbone of an 
ass, from which jets a stream of water. 
{XVI. cent. Swiss stained glass.) Turning the 
fiery foxes into corn. {Ibid.) Carrying the 
gates of Gaza. {Ibid.) 

Seth 

Three seeds in his hand ; a thread wound thrice 
round his thumb. {Fra Angelico, Predella.) 

Tobit, or Tobias 

Holding a fish. {Chris. Kunst.) 

Zacharias 

Pt. A temple bulding near him. {Die Heili- 
genbild.) Holding a stone with an eye on 
each of its faces. {Stalls, Windsor.) Scroll with 
" Suscitabo filiostuos." {Window, Fairford.) 

Zephaniah, or Sophonias 

Pt. Scroll with " Et accedam ad vos in 
judicio et era testis velox." {Window, Fairford.) 



2. SIBYLS WITH THEIR EMBLEMS 



Sibylla Agrippa 

(Foretold the scourging of Our Lord.) Hold- 
ing a scourge. {Choir stalls, Auch. Cath. ; 
Comminges Cath.) Holding two scourges. 
{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) Accompanjdng the 
prophet Jeremiah. {Fresco, Vatican.) Rose- 
coloured dress. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, 
Brit. Mus.) 

Sibylla Cumana or Amalthea 

(Prophesied that Our Lord should be bom 
of a virgin in a stable at Bethlehem.) A 
young girl holding a manger. {Roodscreen, 
Bradninch.) A sponge on a reed. {Rood- 
screen, Heavitree.) In green dress, large fur 
sleeves, hair covered with pearls ; " meia 
PAROS " embroidered on her dress. {Fresco, 
Amiens Cath.) Accompanying the prophet 
Michaiah. {Triptych of the Adoration of the 
Lamb, Berlin, Van Eyck.) Holding a loaf 
of bread. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. 
Mus.) Accompanying the prophet Haggai. 
{Fresco, Vatican.) In an orange-coloured 
dress. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) 

Sibylla Cimmeria 

(Prophesied that Our Lord should be nursed 
by His Mother.) A cornucopia. {Roodscreen, 
Bradninch.) A Cross of the Passion. {Jame- 
son.) Holding a cornucopia and three nails. 
{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) A horn or cornu- 
copia. {Enamel plaque, Henderson Coll., 
Brit. Mus.) Wearing a head ornament of 
two horns or cornucopia, and holding a horn. 
{Comminges Cath.) Pale blue robe. {Queen 
Isabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) 

Sibylla Delphica or Artemisia 

(Foretold that Our Lord should be born of a 
pure virgin and that He should be crowned 
with thorns.) Holding a crown of thorns 
and spear. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) A 
crown of thorns. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., 
Brit. Mus.) Accompanying the prophet 



282 



Sibylla Delphica or Artemisia — conti?iued 

Hosea. {Fresco, Vatican) Holding a crown 
of thorns in a veil. {XVI. cent, window, 
Auch Cath. ; Roodscreen, Heavitree.) 

Sibylla Erythrea, or Richca 

(Prophesied that a virgin should conceive and 
bear a son.) A naked sword. {Roodscreen, 
Heavitree.) A white rose. {Husenbeth.) An 
aged woman, or a nun, dressed in black. 
{Ibid.) Standing on a sphere ; sword in her 
right hand, scroll in left. {Fresco, Amiens 
Cath.) Accompanied by Dionysius the Areo- 
pagite and holding a sword. {Fresco, Con- 
vent of St. Mark, Florence.) Described as 
Sybilla Richca " and holding a red rose. 
{Roodscreen, Bradninch; Plaque, Henderson 
Coll., Brit. Mus.) Accompanyng the pro- 
phet Zachariah. {Triptych, Berlin, Van 
Eyck.) As a nun in black. {Queen Isabel's 
Breviary, Brit. Mus.) Accompaned by the 
prophet Daniel. {Fresco, Vatican.) Holding 
a tree of Jesse. {Auch. Cath.) 

Sibylla Europa 

(Prophesied the Murder of the Innocents.) 
A young girl dressed in cloth of gold and 
holding a sword. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, 
Brit. Mus.) Standing beside St. Andrew and 
holding a sword. {Window, Auch. Cath.) 
Accompanying the prophet Amos. {Fresco, 
Vatican.) Holding a naked sword. {Hours 
of the Diocese of Salisbury; Roodscreen, 
Bradninch. 

Sibylla Hellespontina Asponcia, 
Eleponsia or Marpessos 

(Prophesied the Incarnation, Passion and 
Crucifixion of Our Lord j Holding a flower- 
ing rod. {Jameson.) Holding the Cross of 
the Passion. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Ac- 
companying the prophet Isaiah. {Fresco, 
Vatican.) Described as " Sybila Asponcia " 
and holding a cross. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., 



Saints and their Emblems 



Sibylla Hellespontina Asponcia — continued 

Brit. Mus) Holding a flowering rod and 
Cross of the Passion. {Roodscreen, Heavitree.) 
In grey dress with scarlet hood. [Queen 
Isabel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) As " Sibile 
Eleponsia," holding with both hands a cross 
fixed on a rock. {Choir stalls, Comminges 
Cath.) 

Sibylla Libyca 

(Prophesied the manifestation of Our Lord 
to the Gentiles.) Holdng a lighted torch 
or taper. (Jameson.) A branch of myrtle. 
{Husenbeth.) Pincers and nails. {Rood- 
screen, Bradninch.) Accompanjdng the pro- 
phet Abdias. {Fresco, Vatican.) Holding 
lighted torch. {Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. 
Mus. ; Auch Cath.) In a cobalt blue dress, 
with ermine tippet and cuffs ; a wreath in 
her hand. {Queen Isabel's Breviary, Brit. 
Mus.) 

Sibylla Persica or Sambetha 

(Foretold the birth of Our Lord and the 
overthrow of Satan.) An old woman with 
lantern and open book ; sometimes with a 
serpent at her feet. {Jameson.) A lantern. 
{Roodscreen, Bradninch.) Richly embroidered 
and jewelled dress and long flowing veil. 
{Fresco, Amiens Cath.) Witii the prophet 
Zachariah. {Vatican.) Holding a lantern. 
{Plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. Mus.) Holding 
a lantern, a serpent at her feet. {Hours 
of the Diocese of Salisbury.) Holding a 
lantern, a dragon under her feet. {Comminges 
Cath.) Hol(mig a lantern. {Window, Auch 
Caih.) 



Sibylla Phrygia of Ancyra 

^(Predicted that Our Lord should rise again.) 
Holding a cross with the banner of the 
Resurrection. {Roodscreen, Bradninch.) As 
the last, but described as "Sybila Lubica." 
{Plaque, Henderson Coll. , Brit. Mus. ) Accom- 
panjdng the prophet Jeremiah. {Fresco, 
Vatican ; Carving, Ulm Cath.) In a crimson 
dress, with very long hair. {Queen Isabel's 
Breviary, Brit. Mus.) 

Sibylla Samia, Sanne or Feto 

(Prophesied that Our Lord should be bom 
of a virgin.) Holding a cradle. {Roodscreens, 
Heavitree and Bradninch; Window, Auch 
Cath.) Accompanjmig the prophet Baruch. 
{Fresco, Vatican.) In a rose-coloured dress 
with peaked headdress and veil. {Queen Isa- 
bel's Breviary, Brit. Mus.) Holding a cradle. 
{Hours of the Diocese of Salisbury ; Enamel 
plaque, Henderson Coll., Brit. Mus.) As the 
last, but described as " Sibile Sanne." {Com- 
minges Cath., Auch. Cath.) Birds feeding at 
her feet. {Window, St. Ouen, Rouen.) 

Sibylla Tiburtina or Alburne 

(Foretold the mocking and scourging of Our 
Lord.) Holding a glove, rod or scourge. 
{Husenbeth.) Holding a whipping post. 
{Roodscreen, Heavitree.) By the side of a 
kneeling emperor, pointing to a vision of the 
B.V. Maiy and Cmld in the sky. {Window, 
Sens Cath. ; Fresco, Amiens Cath.) Accom- 
panied by the prophet Michaiah. {Fresco, 
Vatican.) Holding a hand. {Roodscreen, 
Bradninch; Enamel plaque, Henderson Coll., 
Brit. Mus.) Dressed in a tiger's or goat's 
skin. {Jameson.) 



3. PATRONS OF ARTS, TRADES AND PROFESSIONS 



Actors 

St. Vitus, M. 

Armourers 

St. Barbara (Dec. 4). St. George (Apr. 23). 

Archers 

St. Sebastian (Jan. 20). 

Architects 

St. Barbara (Dec. 4). St. Thomas. Ap. 

Artillerymen 

St. Barbara (Dec. 4). 

Bakers 

St. Honorius (Sept. 30). 

Barbers 

St. Cosmas (Sept. 27). 

Boatmen 

St. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9). 

Bookbinders 

St. John ad Lateran (Nov. 9). 

Brewers ^ ,^ ^^ 

St. Adrian, M. St. Amand (June 18). 

Builders 

St. Thomas (Dec. 21). 
20 



Carpenters 

St. Joseph (Mar 19). 

Champions 

St. Drasius (Mar. 5). 

Cobblers 

St. Euseus, H. 

Coffee-house Keepers (in Ghent) 

St. Drogo (Apr. 16). 

Cooks 

St. Martha (July 29). 

Cowherds 

St. Etto (July 10). 

Crossbowmen 

St. Christopher (July 25). 

Drapers 

St. Ursula (Oct. 21). 

Dyers 

St. Maurice (Sept. 22). 

Embroiderers 

St. Claras, M. 

Farriers 

St. John Baptist (June 24). St. Eligius 
(Dec. i). 

283 



Saints and their Emblems 



Firework Makers 

St. Barbara (Dec. 4). 

Fishmongers 

St. Magnus, M. 

Gardeners 

St. Fiacre (Aug. 30). St. Urban (Jan. 
St. Phocas (July 3). 

Glass-painters and Glaziers 

St. James of Ulm (Oct. 12). 

Goldsmiths 

St. Dunstan (May 19). St. Eligius (Dec 

Grooms 

St. Ann (Nov. 23). 

Hatters 

St. Clement (Nov. 23). 

Hoodmakers 

St. Severus (Feb. i). 

Horse Soldiers 

St. George (Apr. 23). 

Hospitallers 

St. Anthony (Jan. 17). 

Housewives 

St. Martha (July 29). 

Hunters 

St. Hubert (Nov 3) . St. Eustachius (Sept 

Husbandmen 

St. Walstan (May 30). 

Innkeepers 

St Theodotus (May 18). 

Labourers 

St. Lucy (Dec. 13) 

Lacemakers 

St. Sebastian (Jan. 20). 

Lawyers 

St. Yvo (May 19). 

Locksmiths 

St. Eligius (Dec. i). 

Masons 

St. Thomas, Ap. 

Merchants 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 

Millers 

St. Arnold (July 18). St. Victor (July 21 

Miners (in Cornwall) 

St. Kieran (Mar. 5). 

Minstrels (wandering) 

St. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9). 

Papermakers 

St. John ad Lateran (Nov. 9). 

Pawnbrokers 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 

Peasants 

St. Lucy (Dec. 13). 

Philosophers 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Physicians 

SS. Cosmas and Damian (Sept. 27). 
Pantaleon (July 27). 



I) 



20) 



Pilgrims 

St. Alexis (July 17). 

Potters 

St, Goar (July 6). St. Fiacre (Aug. 30). 

Ropemakers 

23)- St. Paul, Ap. St Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Saddlers 

St. Gualfard (Apr. 30). 

Sailors 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). St. Christopher 
(July 25). St. Peter Gonzales (Apr. 15). St. 
Erasmus (June i). 

Schoolmistresses 

St. Ursula (Oct. 21). 

Servant Maids 

St. Sitha (Apr. 27). St. Margaret (Sept. 2). 

Shepherds 

St. Wendelin (Oct. 21). St. Drogo (Apr. 16). 

Shoemakers 

SS. Crispin and Crispinian (Oct. 25). 

Smiths 

St. EUgius (Dec. i). 

Soldiers 

St. Adrian (Sept. 8). 

Horse Soldiers 

St. George (Apr. 23). 

Foot Soldiers 

St. Maurice (Sept. 22). 

Stonemasons 

St.Reinoldus, C. St. Blaize (Feb. 3). 

Students 

St. Jerome (Sept. 30). St. Laurence (Aug. 10). 
St. Mathurinus (Nov. 9). St Mary Magdalen 
(May 25). St. Catherine (Nov. 25). St 
Gregory the Great (Mar. 12). 

Tailors 

St. Homobonus (Nov. 13). St. John Baptist. 
St. Lucy (Dec. 13). 

Tapestry Weavers 

St. Francis (Oct. 4). 

Theologians 

St. Augustin (Aug. 28). St. Thomas (Mar. 7). 

'' Tilemakers 

St. Fiacre (Aug. 30). 

Travellers 

St. Julian Hospitator (Jan. 9). 

Yine-dressers 

St. Urban (May 25). St. Urban (Jan. 23). 

Washerwomen 

St. Hunna. (n.d.) 

Wax Chandlers 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 

Weavers 

SS. Crispin and Crispinian (Oct. 25). St. 
Stephen (Dec. 26). 

St. Woolcombers 

St. Blaize (Feb. 3). 
284 



Saints and their Emblems 



4. PATRON SAINTS OF 



Animals 

St. Blaize (Feb. 3). 

Beggars 

St. Alexis (July 17). 

Bridges 

St. John Nepomucen (May 16). 

Children 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 
Cripples 

St. Giles (Sept. i). 

Deformed Children 

St. Leven (Oct. 17). 

Dogs 

St. Hubert (Nov. 3). 

Eloquence 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Forests 

St. Giles (Sept. i). 

Fortifications 

St. Barbara (Mar. 31). 

Gardens 

St. Phocas (July 3). 

Girls 

St. Ursula (Oct. 21). 

Heirs (male) 

St. Felicitas (Nov. 23 and July 10). 

Horses 

St. Eligius (Dec. i) and St. Hippolytus 
(Aug. 13). 

Insane (the) 

St. Dymphna (May 15). 



Invalids 

St. Roch (Aug. 16). 

Lepers 

St. Giles (Sept. i). 

Penitent Drunkards 

St. Martin of Tours (Nov. 11). 

Penitent Women 

St. Mary Magdalen (July 22). 

Prisoners 

St. Leonard (Nov. 6) and St. Roch (Aug. 16). 

Schoolboys 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 

Schools 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Science 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Silence 

St. John Nepomucen (May 16). 

Slaves 

St. Leonard (Nov. 6). 

Spies 

St. Guido. 

Spinsters 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Sufferers from Unjust Lawsuits 

St. Aya (Apr. 18). 

Thieves 

St. Nicholas (Dec. 6). 

Water (running) 

St. John Nepomucen (May 16). 



5. SAINTS INVOKED FOR 



Diseases of the Eye 

St. Lucy (Dec. 13). St. Othilia (Dec. 13). 

Sore Eyes 

St. Fara (Dec. 7). 

Diseases of the Throat 

St. Blaize (Feb. 3). 

Diseases of the Tongue 

St. Catherine (Nov. 25). 

Causes presses 

St. Expeditus (Apr. 19). 

Eruptions of Vesuvius 

St. Januarius (Sept. 19). 

Hernia 

St. Gummar (Oct. 11). 

Fever 

St. Domitian (May 7). 

Fire 

St. Agatha (Feb. 5)- 



Lost Things 

St. Gracian. 

Pestilence 

St. Sebastian (Jan. 20). 

Plague 

St. Adrian (Sept. 8). 

Slander 

St. John Nepomucen (May 16). 

Storms and Tempests 

St. Erasmus (June i). 

Toothache 

St. Apollonia (Feb. 9). 

Sudden Death 

St. Barbara (Mar. 31). 

Thunder and Lightning 

St. Barbara (Mar. 31). 



285 



A HISTORY OF ENGLISH GLASS-PAINTING 

WitA Some Remarks upon the Swiss Glass Miniatures of the i6th and lytk Centuries 

BY MAURICE DRAKE 

Illustrated by Photographs and Drawings in Colour and Half- Tone 

BY WILFRED DRAKE 

Foolscap folio, Price £2, 2s. net 



PRESS NOTICES: — 

THE ACADEMY 

Mr Drake's introduction to tiie art and craft of collecting fine 
stained glass— English or foreign— has this initial advantage that 
It ranks amongst the most sumptuous of printed and illustrated 
books of the year. As a mere piece of typography it might stand 
as an example of what a printed book ought to be ; its illustra- 
tions harmonise adequately with the text, and really illustrate it, 
and the general form and design of the book accentuate its in- 
dividuality. The book has, too, this great advantage, that its 
author is an artist and craftsman— skilled in the work of which 
he writes---one who has already made a name for himself, not 
only in his craft, but in the wider circle of those interested in 
ecclesiastical art. 

The appendices of the volume make up a goodly book them- 
selves : A bibliography of Stained Glass; a special section on 
Swiss Glass; a list of Swiss Artists in glass of the fifteenth, 
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, with their master-marks when 
known ; a short and valuable note on the shape of the leads used 
in windows of various ages ; and, most important of all, a list of 
churches in which stained glass of various periods from the 
twelfth century onwards can be seen arranged by centuries and 
counties. There is also a very good index. 

We thank Mr Drake for his excellent contribution to the 
knowledge and love of what is good in the craft he adorns. 

THE ANTIQUARY 

Mr Drake, himself an Exeter glass-painter of no mean repute, 
has given us, in this splendidly illustrated volume, a delightful 
history of the evolution, decadence and revival of English glass- 
painting. Since the days in the forties of last century when Mr 
Winston inaugurated the study of Old English glass, and gave 
supreme attention to the materials of which it was composed, 
various good treatises elaborating the subject have been issued, 
foremost among which are Mr Westlake's four volumes on 
History of Design in Painted Glass, the late Mr L. F. Day's 
several works, and Mr C. H. Sherill's Stained-Glass Tours in 
England (iQog). Mr Drake's book is, however, supplementary 
to all these, and is more definite in its information ; for he writes 
from the point of view of a craftsman, and also as a collector 
of old examples and fragments. The fever for collecting small 
specimens has reached a high temperature, and these pages are 
intended in the first instance for collectors; but they will also 
prove most helpful and fascinating to those who love to study 
fragments and even patchwork windows in our out-of-the-way old 
churches. The only drawback for such a use is the fact that 
this folio volume is too ponderous and valuable to be made a 
pocket companion. All that he has to tell us of English glass- 
painting, from the thirteenth century onwards, is written after 
a charming and clear fashion. 

The long chapter on Swiss Glass will also prove irresistibly 
attractive to all glass collectors and glass lovers, and will be 
almost entirely novel to not a few, for no English book on this 
delightful subiect has yet been written. 

A chapter follows, likely to be of special service to_ collectors, 
on corrosion in glass, and the important part it plays in deciding 
the genuineness or otherwise of stained glass which purports to 
be old. Among several appendices is a long one 6'^'"^. •'«*/. °f 
painted glass surviving, even in fragments, m our English parish 
churches, divided according to centuries. 

Mr Drake has oroduced a splendid and ."'"^t . '"^/^f Y^ 
volume ; it cannot fail to give almost una loved satisfaction to 
the student as well as to the collector of old glass. 

THE ATHEN^UM 

The charm of Mr Drake's handsome. folio -^^^^^'^.^""^^^^'Z 
one who is himself no mean g'^?^-P^'"*f^- "^, ^"^'/o Jhes his 

stained or painted glass that quite sumcient na , •: t, g 

lake's History of Design '"..^~ks by L. F. Day; and. 
,881-1894: the more Recent critical books by L ^^^^.J' 

Stained Glass Tours in f "^f "f' "^ „ good in their way, but 
These and several small ^^^^'^^Xltefle^veXy of glass of the 
Mr Drake, whilst treating rapidly butX^s of the Renaissance 
»!,_=. T>„;ntpd architectural perioas, as weu <. 



and the Decadence, supplies also much information as to the 
corrosion of old glass and a variety of subtle points for the col- 
lector, such as the frequency of forgery. In short, although his 
volume is issued on an almost sumptuous scale, and illustrated 
by thirty-six full-size plates, it pleases the author to consider it 

a handbook for collectors." 

This fine book is too heavy to carry round, as one would desire 
to do. We wish that the author would publish a real " hand- 
book " giving the substance of it. 

AUTHOR 

The subject of stained glass in England has never been dealt 
with in so exhaustive a manner. 

THE BIRMINGHAM DAILY POST 

The general usefulness of this work is a little circumscribed 
by the limitations which the author has imposed upon himself 
in addressing mainly the amateur and collector of old stained 
glass, for it is evident that he is not only a practical workman 
but has a wide and intimate knowledge of his subject. It is for- 
tunate, however, that his artistic instincts frequently cause him 
to forget his original intention, and if the reader will take the 
trouble he will find it possible to obtain a broad and general view 
of the development and decadence of the art in England. 

All information is given relating to the identification of frag- 
ments of any period; forgeries are " nailed to the counter," and 
the reader will find the volume replete with information, and 
most beautifully printed. 

THE BUILDER 

The author approaches his subject not only with the knowledge 
of the technique of the craft, but with the practical experience 
of the workman, qualities which impart to the treatise a classic 
spirit. 

Mr Wilfred Drake, by his illustrations, has so ably seconded 
his brother's efforts, that one must regard the work as a joint 
production, and if success attends its publication, as we hope it 
may do, such success will be well deserved. A word of praise 
is due also to the publishers for excellence in printing, both as 
regards text and plates. 

BUILDING NEWS 
One of the most interesting books we have read for some time, 
and one to which the architect and the collector will turn with 
ever renewed interest and profit. The author has been fortunate 
in his helpers, judicious in his selections, and his sympathetic 
grasp of the subject is visible in every page. His book will mark 
a record. 

CHURCH TIMES 

A most lordly folio, finely printed on hand-made paper, and 
illustrated by thirty-six superb full-page plates, coloured and 
uncoloured, from drawings by Wilfred Drake. This is a learned, 
yet absorbingly attractive, history of the art of glass-painting in 
England. Mr Drake is right, we think, in regarding the early 
sixteenth century as the period at which the art reached its highest 
technical excellence, though it was then becoming secular and 
domestic rather than religious. There is also a peculiar decorative 
splendour and charm about the windows of that era — such as those, 
for example, in the Renaissance churches at Rouen — which is not 
found in the severer earlier style. Mr Drake, who is himself 
an artist in glass, points out that what is often called the crudity 
and archaic stiffness of the older work was artistically in place. 

THE CONNOISSEUR 

A bool? of unprecedented value to the collector of stained glass. 
Himself a trained craftsman and a member of the fourth genera- 
tion of a glass-painting family, Mr Drake treats his subject 
with ease and intimacy. His lucid description and his brother's 
excellent illustrations present a clear picture of the rise and fall 
of their handicraft, from the high aspirations and crude ideals of 
the twelfth century through the days of Georgian decadence to 
the Pugin revival of the nineteenth century. Of the nine chapters 
the book contains the first five deal with the history of the rise 
and fall of the handicraft. Further minute examination is given 
to heraldic glass and to glass corrosion, that most valuable 
evidence of age. The plates are of quite exceptional value. The 
book is well got up, the paper and printing excellent, and the 
■whole format in the best of taste. It should take high place 
as a standard work of reference on English stained glass. 

[P.T.O. 



PRESS NOTICES— continued 



DAILY CHRONICLE 

One of the most beautiful, nay, most sumptuous, books pro- 
duced in recent years, and from that point of view the author and 
the publisher, the artist and the printer, and indeed also the 
binder, are to be heartily congratulated. But it is also an in- 
teresting book to read, although the subject is not everyone's 
subject ; for it is written, not merely with knowledge, which one 
can find anywhere on most subjects, but with knowledge touched 
with humanity, which is the kind of knowledge that we want in 
a book. 

Mr Drake has so much to tell, and tells it so well, that one 
is really glad to read his book as well as to handle its luxurious 
pages. A splendid and authoritative history of English glass- 
painting, a work which is sure to occupy a standard place for 
a long time to come. 

ENGLISH REVIEW 

This is a monument of patient scholarship and learning. The 
art student and local historian will find everything they want to 
know on this particular subject ; connoisseurs of glass will be 
stimulated in their researches, while the general reader cannot 
fail to be charmed by the author's style, by the printing, paper 
and magnificent illustrations. 

THE GLASGOW DAILY HERALD 

Mr Maurice Drake, himself a glass-painter, has written an 
instructive and practical History of English Glass-Painting 
(42s. net. T. Werner Laurie) for the benefit of collectors who 
make this their hobby. He traces the history of the craft from 
the twelfth century, and his technical criticism of famous ex- 
amples of Perpendicular, Renaissance and Stuart glass is of 
much interest. He gives separate chapters to heraldry in 
English glass, to the exquisite Swiss glass which is now so 
popular, to corrosion as a proof of antiquity, and to general 
hints for the collector, with bibliographical and other appendices. 
His thirty-six illustrations, many of them in colour, are valu- 
able, because they are well chosen and properly annotated. A 
good deal has been written in English about painted glass, but 
nothing on the technical side that is so well adapted to the collec- 
tor's needs as this careful and attractive book. 

THE GRAPHIC 

Mr Maurice Drake's fine folio is a credit to the publisher. 
Mr Drake makes a hobby of his art, but unlike many enthusiasts 
he has a sense of humour and perspective. 

IRISH TIMES 

This is a splendid monograph upon stained glass from the 
earliest times in England to the present. It is a book alike for 
the average reader and for the specialist, containing much of 
general interest and also special information. 

Of the illustrations we have not space to write adequately. 
One of the most beautiful is a reproduction of a glass window 
by Hans Holbein — an exquisite girl-mother and child. The book 
ends with good appendices, giving us lists in chronological order 
of the finest glass windows extant. 

LIBRARY ASSOCIATION RECORD 

It is seldom that one finds a craftsman so enthusiastic and so 
well qualified to speak of his work as Mr Maurice Drake's latest 
book proves him to be. 

LIVERPOOL DAILY POST AND MERCURY 

A very valuable addition to the literature relating to an art 
both useful and beautiful is Mr Maurice Drake's A History of 
Glass-Painting: with Some Remarks upon the Swiss Glass 
Miniatures of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (T. 
Werner Laurie Ltd.), a work in connection with which a word 
of acknowledgment is due to the publisher for the admirable 
manner in which it is produced, paper, type and illustrations 
being of the best. The latter, thirty-six in number, are from 
drawings by Mr Wilfred Drake, reproducing examples of 
stained-glass work, chiefly such details as are most useful jn 
illustration of the text and also as a guide in studying the details 
of the subject. Beginning with an introduction in which he 
touches on the early legend and tradition regarding an art the 
beginnings of which are unknown, Mr Drake gives interesting 
particulars that show the high esteem in which glass-making and 
its makers were held in early times, various privileges and 
immunities being enjoyed. In successive chapters the differing 
materials, methods and characteristics of the art from the twelfth 
to the fifteenth century are dealt with in a practical and informing 
manner of much utility to students and collectors. Mr Drake's 
chapter on " Corrosion " is one of especial value, for upon a 



proper understanding of this condition of old glass the connoisseur 
is almost entirely dependent in endeavouring to ascertain the 
date of any example submitted to him. There is also a very 
instructive chapter entitled " The Collector," which throws much 
light on the many points to be borne in mind in the pursuit of a 
branch of antiquarian study which yearly grows in favour with 
persons endowed with money and leisure. 

THE OBSERVER 

The bibliography of stained glass, extending to eight large 
folio pages and appended to Mr Maurice Drake's History of 
English Glass-Painting contains not a single book that can 
be said to cover anything like the same ground as that over 
which Mr Drake ranges with unchallenged authority. It is not 
likely that his exhaustive book will be superseded for a long time 
to come. 

THE SATURDAY REVIEW 

To unearth what was ruthlessly wrenched out by religious 
zealots, eighteenth-century architects, or ignorant churchwardens 
is one of the objects of Mr Drake's delightfully attractive book. 
It is admirably arranged for reference, except for rough edges 
and page numbering far within the margin, with lists of con- 
tents, chapter headings and indices, besides excellent recapitu- 
lating summaries at the close of every chapter, and explanations 
in front of the beautiful and numerous plates. The author, who 
modestly calls his substantial treatise a handbook, not only holds 
his reader, but coaches and liberally crams him. The technical 
side of manufacture includes an interesting illustration of ancient 
tools, some of which could not have been so clumsy as we are 
apt to suppose. It would puzzle a modern glazier to shape ruby 
glass as did the old monks with their grosing irons. 

THE SCOTSMAN 

The chief value of Mr Drake's treatise on the subject is the 
exhaustive survey it gives of the technique of glass-painting in 
England from the earliest times. The book is a history of the 
art very different from the ordinary survey. It is very evidently 
the result of a most careful and exhaustive study of its subject 
in its technical aspects, while the author's archaeological and 
technical lore is qualified throughout by a profound admiration 
for an art which he maintains has never entirely died in this 
country. The book, which is illustrated by a number of coloured 
drawings, is one which no one who has the least interest in 
stained glass can afford to overlook, since he may be certain that, 
however much he knows, there is a good deal Mr Drake can 
teach him. 

THE STANDARD 

This beautifully printed folio volume has the advantage of 
having been written by a practical glass-painter. The dedication, 
" To my Father, in gratitude for two good things — a pleasant 
handicraft and a jolly little country shop to work in," suggests 
his enthusiasm for the subject and his authority, which last is 
made weightier by the fact that Mr Drake's great-uncle took part 
in the Pugin revival. Knowing all about the subject, both tech- 
nically and historically, Mr Drake has been content to deal with 
it with a special rather than a general aim. From the Gothic 
point of view Mr Drake regards fourteenth-century work as the 
best, but he is catholic in his tastes, and has the keenest appre- 
ciation of the glories of the Renaissance. There are thirty-six 
illustrations, in colour and black and white, and useful 
bibliographies and catalogues, with a list of places in England 
where windows or important fragments may be seen. 

THE TABLET 

In spite of the author's self-imposed limitations upon his pur- 
pose in this book, the work is one which will be found well to 
repay not merely reading but study. It is on a generous and 
almost sumptuous scale ; an ample page, large, clear type and 
excellently illustrated, with carefully chosen examples of the 
ancient glass-painter's art. And the treatment matches the type, 
being carried out on broad lines and with a happy blending of 
history and technical explanations, with a flavouring of personal 
knowledge and observations and in places a breezy expression of 
personal opinion upon controverted topics. 

THE TIMES 

A sumptuous volume, beautifully printed, treating the subject 
from the early legends and ending with a chapter for collectors ; 
chapters on heraldry and Swiss glass and corrosion are also in- 
cluded. The coloured plates and numerous figures in line are 
finely reproduced. 



PUBLISHED AT 8 ESSEX STREET 

LONDON BY T. WERNER 

LAURIE LTD. 

MCMXII 

*^* The Publisher will be pleased to send you this work for inspection on approval and carriage free, through your Bookseller 



PRINTED BY 

THE RIVERSIDE PRESS LIMITED 

EDINBURGH
Internet Archive Audio

Featured

Top

Images

Featured

Top

Software

Featured

Top

Books

Featured

Top

Video

Featured

Top

Mobile Apps

Browser Extensions

Archive-It Subscription

Save Page Now

Full text of "Saints and their emblems"

See other formats
